Human Computer Interaction New

8/8/2019 Human Computer Interaction New

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HumanHuman ComputerComputerInteractionInteraction

Prepared By:Mary Grace Garces-TM

Presented to:

Dr. Pedrito R. Pereda


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Communications Using InternetCommunications Using Internet


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Internet ManiaInternet Mania


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FacebookFacebook ManiaMania


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Wrong Conception AboutWrong Conception About

C

omputersC

omputers


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Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction


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Human,Computer, InterfaceHuman,Computer, Interface

Human

the end-user

the others in theorganization

Computer

hardware

software

Interaction

user tells the computerwhat (s)he wants

computer communicatesresults


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First Time User ofComputerFirst Time User ofComputer


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Human ComputerHuman Computer

InteractionInteraction

y Human-computer interaction is a

discipline concerned with the design,

evaluation and implementation of

interactive computing systems for

human use and with the study ofmajor

phenomena surrounding them.


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y Human-computer interaction is the kind

of discipline which is neither the study of

humans, nor the study oftechnology, but

rather the bridging between those two.


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y A successful (intelligent) product is more thanthe development of and the knowledge about

the latest technology.y What other parts contribute to a well designed

product?


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Why HCI is important?Why HCI is important?

y In order to achieve efficient, effectiveand safe products/systems: Productivity (introducing technology

that does not support the work may

cause reduced productivity) Safety (crashed air planes and

nuclear power plant disasters have ledto an understanding why HCI isimportant!)

Computers should be designed for theneeds and capabilities of the people for

whom they are intended!


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More ReasonsMore Reasons

y The interface is not a later problem

y Products and systems cannot be developed

and designed using the developers/designersthemselves as the norm.

y Users might not have a great interest in

technology.

y Users rarely read manuals and instructions


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Importance of Attention to HCIImportance of Attention to HCI

y Poorly designed human-machine

interfaces can lead to many unexpected

problems.

Some errors are minor.

Some incidents are funny

Some cause millions of dollars

Some are tragic.


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What can go wrong?What can go wrong?

y A woman was billed $6.3 million for

electricity; the correct amount was $63.

The cause was an input error made by

someone using a new computer system.

y A woman in Canada could not get her tax

refund because the tax agency insisted

she was dead.Her identification numberhad been mistakenly reported in place of

her mothers when her mother died.


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What can go wrong?What can go wrong?

y A family was harassed, threatened and

physically attacked after their state

posted an online list of offenders

where sex offenders live. The state didnot know the offender have moved

away, before the family moved in.

y A man convicted of statutory rape for

having sex with a 17-year-old girlfriend,

and now married to her for several

years, was in a sex-offender database.


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Abandoned SystemsAbandoned Systems

y The state ofCalifornia spent morethan $100 million to develop one ofthe largest and most expensive state

computer systems in the country: asystem for developing parents whoowe child support payments.

y After five years, the state abandoned

the system because it didnt worky It lost data, miscalculated payments

and couldn't communicate with othergovernment agencies.


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Safety Critical ApplicationsSafety Critical Applications

y THERAC-25 Radiation Overdoses It was a software-controlled radiation-therapy

machine used to treat people with cancer.

Between 1985-1987, Therac-25 machines at four

medical centers gave massive overdoses of radiationto six patients.

In some cases, the operator repeated an overdosebecause the machine s display said that no dose hadbeen given.

Medical personnel later estimated that some patientsreceived between 13,000-25,000 rads,where theintended dose was in the 100-200 rad range.

These incidents caused severe and painful injuries andthe deaths of three patients.


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What went wrong?What went wrong?

y Studies of the Therac-25 incidentsshowed that many factors were involvedin the injuries and deaths. The factors

include: Lapses in good safety design

Insufficient testing

Bugs in the software that controlled the

machines Inadequate system ofreporting and

investigating the accidents.


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Goal ofHCIGoal ofHCI

y A basic goal ofHCI is to improvethe interactions between users andcomputers by making computers

more usable and receptive to the user'sneeds.

y A long term goal ofHCI is to design systemsthat minimize the barrier between the

human's cognitive model of what they wantto accomplish and the computer'sunderstanding of the user's task.


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Key Concept in HCIKey Concept in HCI

Usability

Interaction Design

User Experience


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UsabilityUsability

y Can be broken down into the ff. Effective to use (effectiveness)

Efficient to use (efficiency)

Safe to use (safety) Have good utility (utility)

Easy to learn (learnability)

Easy to remember how to use(memorability)


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Interaction DesignInteraction Design

y Designing interactive products tosupport people in their everyday andworking lives

y Creating user experiences that enhanceand extend the way people work,communicate and interact.


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User ExperienceUser Experience

y Interaction design is also concerned with creatingsystems that are:

Satisfying

Enjoyable

Fun Entertaining

Helpful

Motivating

Aesthetically pleasing Supportive of creativity

Rewarding

Emotionally fulfilling


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Design Principles in HCIDesign Principles in HCI

y Know your user

y Reduce cognitive load

y Engineer for errors

y Maintain consistency

and clarity


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Know Your USERKnow Your USER

y Cognitive and perception psychology

General knowledge about humans

y User analysis

Specific knowledge about a group

y Reasons

Minimize cognitive load

Use resources efficiently (system and user)


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Reduce Cognitive LoadReduce Cognitive Load

y Provide clear conceptual models

Help the user getting a clear mental

model of the system!

x Metaphors (e.g. the desktop

metaphor)


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IconsIcons


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Help MenuHelp Menu


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Engineer for ErrorsEngineer for Errors

y Make it difficult for the user to make

errors

E.g. Menus give the user the possible

alternatives (prevents errors but notmistakes)

y Provide good error messages

Less user frustration


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Menu BarsMenu Bars


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Maintain Consistency and ClarityMaintain Consistency and Clarity

y Standard operations and

representations

y Appropriate metaphors

help building andmaintaining a users

mental model

y Easier for users to learn,recognize and to foresee

what is going to happen


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Inspiring Quotes About DesignInspiring Quotes About Design

y Design should never say, Look at me. It shouldalways say, Look at this.

David Craib

y Its art if it cant be explained.

Its fashion if no one asks for an explanation.Its design if it doesnt need explanation.

Wouter Stokkel

y Dont design for everyone. Its impossible. All you endup doing is designing something that makes everyoneunhappy.

Leisa Reichelt


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To God Be the GloryTo God Be the Glory

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Human Computer Interaction New