Human Geography of Canada Developing a Vast Wilderness History and Government of Canada

Human Geography of Human Geography of CanadaCanada

Developing a Vast WildernessDeveloping a Vast Wilderness History and History and

Government of Government of CanadaCanada

ObjectiveObjective

The student will examine The student will examine Canadian expansion and Canadian expansion and development and be able development and be able to describe Canadian to describe Canadian governmentgovernment. .

Places and TermsPlaces and Terms

provinceprovince Dominion of CanadaDominion of Canada confederationconfederation parliamentary governmentparliamentary government parliamentparliament prime ministerprime minister

The First Settlers and Colonial The First Settlers and Colonial RivalryRivalry

Canada’s vast size & Canada’s vast size & cold climate affected cold climate affected it’s development.it’s development.

Early people migrated Early people migrated after the last Ice Age, after the last Ice Age, many being the many being the ancestors of the Inuit ancestors of the Inuit (Eskimos)(Eskimos)

1616thth & 17 & 17thth Century: Century: Colonization by France Colonization by France & Britain.& Britain.

Coastal fisheries & fur Coastal fisheries & fur trade important to both trade important to both countries.countries.

Britain and France in Britain and France in CanadaCanada

Two CulturesTwo Cultures Roman Catholic FrenchRoman Catholic French

Lower Canada (Quebec)Lower Canada (Quebec) Protestant EnglishProtestant English

Upper Canada (Ontario)Upper Canada (Ontario)

Britain and France in Britain and France in CanadaCanada

Establishing the Dominion of CanadaEstablishing the Dominion of Canada 1867: British North America Act1867: British North America Act

A loose confederation of Ontario & Quebec as well A loose confederation of Ontario & Quebec as well as Nova Scotia & New Brunswickas Nova Scotia & New Brunswick

Had self-government but remained part of British Had self-government but remained part of British Empire with Ottawa as the capitalEmpire with Ottawa as the capital

Expansion of Dominion was rapidExpansion of Dominion was rapid

Continental ExpansionContinental Expansion

1872: Construction of 1872: Construction of transcontinental railroadtranscontinental railroad

Not long after the completion of the Not long after the completion of the railroad gold was found in Yukon railroad gold was found in Yukon which brought people from all over which brought people from all over the world to seek their fortunethe world to seek their fortune

As a result of the transcontinental As a result of the transcontinental railroad many towns developed.railroad many towns developed.

Governing CanadaGoverning Canada

Canada was recognized as an Canada was recognized as an independent nation by Britain in 1931independent nation by Britain in 1931

Parliamentary GovernmentParliamentary Government Legislative & Executive functions are Legislative & Executive functions are

combined into “parliament”combined into “parliament” Canada is independent but it’s symbolic Canada is independent but it’s symbolic

head of state remains the British Monarchhead of state remains the British Monarch Majority party’s leader in parliament Majority party’s leader in parliament

becomes “Prime Minister”becomes “Prime Minister”

Review Questions Review Questions

Why did France and Britain fight?Why did France and Britain fight? Why was the Dominion of Canada Why was the Dominion of Canada

formed?formed? What brought immigrants to Canada What brought immigrants to Canada

in the late 1800s?in the late 1800s? How is it determined who heads the How is it determined who heads the

government?government?


Developing a Vast WildernessDeveloping a Vast Wilderness Economy and Economy and

Culture of Culture of CanadaCanada

ObjectiveObjective

The student will identify The student will identify economic power and economic power and examine cultural diversity examine cultural diversity in Canada.in Canada.


First Nations First Nations métis (may-TEES) métis (may-TEES) reservereserve

Economy and Culture of Economy and Culture of CanadaCanada

Fur trade was a Fur trade was a major economic major economic activity in early activity in early CanadaCanada

First NationsFirst Nations - - Canada’s native Canada’s native peoples began fur peoples began fur trade with European trade with European Fisherman during the Fisherman during the 1616thth century century


Primary Industries: Farming, logging, mining, & Primary Industries: Farming, logging, mining, & fishingfishing

Only 5% of land suitable for farmingOnly 5% of land suitable for farming Biggest export: Forest productsBiggest export: Forest products Three ocean coastlines give ample access to Three ocean coastlines give ample access to

fishing industryfishing industry North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA

signed in (1994) allowed the United States and signed in (1994) allowed the United States and Canada to trade goods easily. These two Canada to trade goods easily. These two countries share the largest open border in the countries share the largest open border in the world. world.


Canada is officially a bilingual countryCanada is officially a bilingual country English speaking majorityEnglish speaking majority French speaking minorityFrench speaking minority Only in Quebec is French spoken in the Only in Quebec is French spoken in the

majoritymajority


Sports and Recreation Sports and Recreation Canadians enjoy Canadians enjoy

sports such as skating, sports such as skating, ice hockey, fishing, ice hockey, fishing, skiing, golf, and skiing, golf, and hunting are popular. hunting are popular.

The First Native The First Native peoples developed the peoples developed the game of lacrosse.game of lacrosse.


Developing a Vast WildernessDeveloping a Vast Wilderness Subregions of Subregions of

CanadaCanada

ObjectiveObjective

The student will examine The student will examine the subregions of Canada.the subregions of Canada.


Atlantic Provinces Atlantic Provinces Quebec Quebec OntarioOntario Prairie ProvincesPrairie Provinces British Columbia British Columbia NunavutNunavut

Subregions of CanadaSubregions of Canada

Canada is divided into ten provinces and Canada is divided into ten provinces and three territoriesthree territories

Atlantic Provinces include Prince Edward Atlantic Provinces include Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, & Island, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, & St. JohnSt. John

Subregions of CanadaSubregions of Canada

Core Provinces include Quebec and Core Provinces include Quebec and Ontario, which sustain three out of every Ontario, which sustain three out of every five Canadian residentsfive Canadian residents

Prairie Provinces are part of the Great Prairie Provinces are part of the Great Plains of North America.Plains of North America.

Pacific Provinces include British Columbia Pacific Provinces include British Columbia and the three territoriesand the three territories

Nunavut was carved out of the eastern Nunavut was carved out of the eastern half of the Northwest Territories and is half of the Northwest Territories and is home to many of Canada’s Inuithome to many of Canada’s Inuit

Map ActivityMap Activity

Using a piece of computer paper draw Canada Using a piece of computer paper draw Canada and label all ten provinces and three and label all ten provinces and three territories. territories.

Label the following areas – Ottawa, Toronto, Label the following areas – Ottawa, Toronto, Quebec, St. Lawrence, Newfoundland, Quebec, St. Lawrence, Newfoundland, Winnipeg, Calgary, Vancouver, Edmond, Winnipeg, Calgary, Vancouver, Edmond, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Hudson BayPacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Hudson Bay

Reference pages 154, 157, and Atlas – p.11Reference pages 154, 157, and Atlas – p.11 Ask teacher for markers, map pencils, or other Ask teacher for markers, map pencils, or other

supplies supplies

Documents

Human Geography of Canada Developing a Vast Wilderness History and Government of Canada