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Human Interaction
How do people get information?
• Vision– 55MB/sec
• Audio– 64 KB/sec
• Touch– 400 B/sec
• Taste– Lower
How do people express information?
• Audio• Speech• Muscle movement– Dexterity
• Muscle Memory
Vision
Lens
Iris
Retina
Iris
Retina
Iris
Retina – 64 levels6 bits
Macula/Fovea
Periphery
Cones(color)
Rods (gray)
Cones(Red 64%Green 33%Blue 3%)
Rods (gray)
20 Rods / 1 Cone
Cones(Red 64%Green 33%Blue 3%)
Rods (gray)
20 Rods / 1 Cone
Saccade = 200 msecs5 / sec
Nature of the Macula
• Get a section of text
• Focus on one word
• Try to read surrounding words – WITHOUT MOVING YOUR EYES
Periphery/Macula
• Macula– Careful close study– Very slow
• Small window• 5 times / second
– Color
• Periphery– Gray and blurry– Fast targeting
• If you must find things by reading and study– Macula / Saccade– Very Slow
• If you can find things with the periphery– Gray, Blurry– Very Fast
Lens
Iris
Retina
Macula/Fovea
Periphery
Buy play tickets (tasks)
1. What shows are playing?
2. What shows are available near where I live?
3. What do they cost?
3D Perception
• Occlusion
• Retinal Disparity
• Kinetic Depth effect
Audio
• Human hearing– 20Hz to 18Khz
• Best hearing– 1Khz to 5Khz
• Speech– 500 Hz to 3Khz
Why use audio?
• Attention– Eyes free
• Form factor
• Energy
• Express what you cannot currently see
Touch/Tactile
• Vibration and skin deformation• Hairy skin
– Vibration sensors at the base of each hair• Glabrous skin
– No hair– Ridges with vibration sensors
• Vibration up to 400 Hz– 2mm spatial resolution on fingers
• Temperature– Heat dissipation
• Pain
Human Expression
• Audio• Keyboard• Pointing• Object movement
Audio
• Speech– 125-150 Words per minute– Reference the unseen– Association with shared experience– Ambiguity– Recognition accuracy– Privacy
• Non speech
Keyboard
• 50-70 Words per minute
• Ideographic Languages
Pointing
• Human movement– Muscle size / body part mass– Speed of movement– Fatigue