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This is a excellent presentation by the Pakistani FIA agency which deals with Human Trafficking.
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BALI PROCESS ON PEOPLE SMUGGLING, TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
AND
RELATED TRANSNATIONAL CRIME HUMAN TRAFFICKING
(Bali-Indonesia)
1
ZAFAR AWAN Director Immigration
Federal Investigation AgencyPakistan
7 - 8th June 2010
VISION
A Law Enforcement Agency which not
only enjoys respect of the society for its
integrity, professional competence and
2
impartiality but also serves as a role
model for provincial police forces.
Mission Statement
To achieve excellence in theorganization by promoting cultureof merit, providing continuous
3
professional training, ensuringeffective internal accountabilityand having a meaningfulfeedback mechanism.
l All legal international exits manned by FIA, i.e, Airports, seaports, land routes
l Enquiry and investigation of cases of
ROLE OF FIA
4
l Enquiry and investigation of cases of violations of immigration laws
l FIA’s responsibility for border control limited to notified exit/entry points
INTRODUCTION ….
l Pakistan, a country of:- Origin
(Pakistani Perspective)
HUMAN SMUGGLING IN PAKISTANHUMAN SMUGGLING IN PAKISTAN
5
- Origin
- Transit
- Destination
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION & PAKISTANILLEGAL IMMIGRATION & PAKISTAN
66
IMMIGRATION CHECK POSTS (26)
Airports Land Routes Seaports
Islamabad Wagha Border Karachi Seaport
Lahore Wagha Railway Station Ghass Bandar
Karachi Khokaropar RailwayStation Port M. Bin Qasim
Peshawar Taftan Gawadar
Quetta Chaman
Pasni Sust
7
Pasni Sust
Turbat Torkham
Faisalabad BP 250 Balochistan
Multan
Sialkot
Gawadar
D.G. Khan
R.Y.Khan
D.I.Khan
2,252 KM
Faisalabad Sialkot
Sost
TorKham
523 Km523 Km523 Km523 KmExisting Border Crossing PointsExisting Border Crossing Points
Chaman
Weish
Ghulam Khan
Wagha L/R
Wagha R/SD.I.Khan
8
TOTAL : 6285 KMAirports 14
Land Routes 08
Seaports 04
905 KM
1605 Km
1000 Km
Multan
Taftan
Turbat
Khokharapar
D.G khan
R.Y.Khan
IMMIGRATION CHECK POSTS
Pasni Ghass Bandar
Port M. Bin Qasim
BP 250
Total: 26 Check Posts
Proposed 02
Passengers 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Arrived 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.8 4.0 1.6
TRAFFIC HANDLED (Millions)
9
Departed 3.0 3.6 3.8 3.7 4.1 4.2 1.93
Total 5.8 6.8 7.4 7.2 7.9 8.2 3.53
Country Arriving DepartingMalaysia 5491 5513
Indonesia 4089 4043
COUNTRY WISE ARRIVAL DEPARTURE 2009
10
Singapore 2470 2355
Thailand 2318 2437
Australia 11744 13511
Total 26112 27859
Country Arriving DepartingMalaysia 2160 2710
Indonesia 1317 1406
COUNTRY WISE ARRIVAL DEPARTURE 2010
11
Singapore 892 1034
Thailand 827 862
Australia 4700 8554
Total 9896 14566
DESCRIPTION 2007 2008 2009 2010(Upto Mar)
Offloaded on435 572 672 185
PERFORMANCE
12
Offloaded onForged Documents
435 572 672 185
Deported on ForgedDocuments (only ‘A’ Category)
60 56 31 10
Agents Arrested
1006
1462 1526 1560
1000120014001600
13
300395
0200400600800
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
CONVICTIONS
5022 4833
29494000
5000
6000
14
1125 1036643
0
1000
2000
3000
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
INTERCEPTION (PAK – IRAN BORDER)
10703
56018000
10000
12000
15
56
24633635
5601
923
0
2000
4000
6000
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
Deportees (Province wise)
16
Punjab Sindh NWFP
DEPORTEES IN 2009
17
Europe Middle East Others
VICTIMSVICTIMS
18
FACTORSFACTORS
lMarket-driven criminal industry lIlliteracylUnemploymentlEconomic backwardnesslMisinformation
19
lMisinformationlCivil unrestlCorruptionlPolitical uncertainty lUrge for better lifelCompetition with fellow citizenslDemand in destination countries
AGENCIES WITH AHT ROLE
l FIA (Lead Agency)l Rangersl FC BaluchistanCoast Guards
20
l Coast Guardsl Maritime Security Agencyl Provincial police
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan -- Iran Iran ��Oman Oman ��UAEUAE
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan ��Iran Iran ��Turkey Turkey ��GreeceGreece
MAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTESMAJOR ROUTES
ANTI HUMAN TRAFFICKINGANTI HUMAN TRAFFICKING
21
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan ��Iran Iran ��Turkey Turkey ��GreeceGreece
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan ��Middle East Middle East ��West Africa West Africa --SpainSpain
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan ��CARs (Ukraine) CARs (Ukraine) ��EuropeEurope
ØØ Pakistan Pakistan ��Malaysia Malaysia ��Indonesia Indonesia ��AustraliaAustralia
Pak – Iran – Oman - UAE Route
Taftan
22
Jask
Mand Ballo
Taftan
Jagan
Pak – Iran – Turkey – Greece Route
Marmara
23
Mand Ballo
Taftan
Pak – Middle East – West Africa – Spain Route
Dubai
Seute/Malayya (Spain)
Karachi
24242424
Nairobi (Kenya)Abid Jan
(Ivory Cost)
Conakry
Pak – CARs (Ukraine) – Europe Route
RomaniaHungary
2525
Sr. No. Month 2007 2008 2009 20101. January 04 01 02 022. February 01 - - 143. March 01 01 10 044. April - 01 03 025. May - - -
Month wise Deportees for 2007, 2008 2009 AND 2010 - Indonesia
26
6. June - - -7. July 01 - 018. August 02 01 -9. September - 02 0210. October - - -11. November - - -12. December 03 04 -
Total: 12 10 18 22
Year-wise Offloading/Deportation on forged documents for 2007, 2008, 2009 AND 2010 -Indonesia
Year 2007 2008 2009 April - 2010
OFDs - - - 15
27
OFDs - - - 15
DFDs - - - -
Sr. No. Month 2007 2008 2009 20101. January - 01 02 -2. February - - 01 -3. March - - - 014. April - - - -5. May - 01 -
Month wise Deportees for 2007, 2008 2009 AND 2010 - Australia
28
6. June - 02 -7. July 01 - -8. August - - -9. September - - -10. October - - -11. November - - -12. December - -
Total: 01 04 03 01
Year-wise Offloading/Deportation on forged documents for 2007, 2008, 2009 AND 2010 -Australia
Year 2007 2008 2009 April - 2010
OFDs 01 01 - -
29
OFDs 01 01 - -
DFDs - - - -
Sr. No. Month 2007 2008 2009 20101. January 50 68 43 1112. February 68 55 46 753. March 48 81 63 1154. April 63 59 54 1055. May 62 65 51
Month wise Deportees for 2007, 2008 2009 AND 2010 - Malaysia
30
6. June 102 83 757. July 55 90 1008. August 86 46 999. September 100 93 8310. October 104 34 11111. November 222 53 4512. December 100 71 99
Total: 1070 798 869 406
Year-wise Offloading/Deportation on forged documents for 2007, 2008, 2009 AND 2010 -Malaysia
Year 2007 2008 2009 April - 2010
OFDs 05 06 26 28
31
OFDs 05 06 26 28
DFDs - - - -
Month wise Deportees for 2007, 2008 2009 AND 2010 - Thailand
Sr. No. Month 2007 2008 2009 2010
1. January 04 01 05 06
2. February 05 02 - 06
3. March 11 03 07 07
4. April 09 02 - 04
5. May 08 04 06
32
5. May 08 04 06
6. June 04 04 05
7. July 03 06 14
8. August 06 04 13
9. September 07 04 13
10. October 05 01 08
11. November 01 01 06
12. December 03 02 06
Total: 66 34 83 23
Year-wise Offloading/Deportation on forged documents for 2007, 2008, 2009 AND 2010 -Thailand
Year 2007 2008 2009 April - 2010
OFDs 03 01 02 04
33
OFDs 03 01 02 04
DFDs - - - -
Month wise Deportees for 2007, 2008 2009 AND 2010 - Singapore
Sr. No. Month 2007 2008 2009 20101. January 34 - 01 02
2. February 10 02 01 01
3. March 14 - 03 07
4. April 69 01 04 02
5. May 05 03 09
34
5. May 05 03 09
6. June 02 02 07
7. July 07 - 07
8. August 05 09 03
9. September 01 02 -
10. October 01 01 07
11. November - 02 02
12. December - - 04
Total: 148 22 48 12
Year-wise Offloading/Deportation on forged documents for 2007, 2008, 2009 AND 2010 -Singapore
Year 2007 2008 2009 April - 2010
OFDs 02 - - -
35
OFDs 02 - - -
DFDs - - - -
Pak – Malaysia/Singapore –Indonesia – Australia Route
3636
From Pakistan
373737
To Australia
Illegal Immigration - Magnitude
Deportations from Malaysia
1611
10701500
2000
38
351
1070
798 869
406
0
500
1000
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
Illegal Immigration - Magnitude
Deportations from Singapore
222
148200
250
39
48
148
2248
12
0
50
100
150
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
Illegal Immigration - Magnitude
Deportations from Thailand
164
124150
200
40
66
34
83
23
0
50
100
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
Illegal Immigration - Magnitude
Deportations from Indonesia
2022
20
25
41
02
1210
0
5
10
15
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
Illegal Immigration - Magnitude
Deportations from Australia5 5
4
34
5
42
1
3
1
0
1
2
3
2005" 2006" 2007" 2008" 2009" 2010"
STRATEGY TO COMBAT HUMAN TRAFFICKING
l PREVENTION
PROSECUTION
43
l PROSECUTION
l PROTECTION(Including Rehabilitation & Repatriation)
PREVENTION
l Government collaboration with IGOs and NGOs in the form of MOUs and MOCs for creating public awareness.
l District/Provincial administrations being involved in sensitization regarding negative effects of human
44
District/Provincial administrations being involved in sensitization regarding negative effects of human trafficking.
l Enhancing document detection capability/ forgery detecting equipment
l Personal Identification Secure Comparison Evaluation System (PISCES), at all entry/exits
l Migration Management Cell in MOI
Cont….
PREVENTION
l FIA link office at Oman
l Intercepting intending illegal immigrants -Inter
Agency Task Force
45
Agency Task Force
l National Aliens Registration Authority (NARA)
l Case Management System (CMS) & Human
Trafficking Information System (HUTIS)
PROSECUTION
l Prevention & Control of Human Trafficking Ordinance 2002 (PACHTO)
l Emigration Ordinance 1979l Passport Act 1974
46
l Passport Act 1974l Foreigner’s Act 1946l Pakistan Penal Code (PPC)l Abolition of Bonded Labour Act 1997l Child Protection Act
PROTECTIONØ All the fugitives involved in Human Trafficking are
listed down in the Police Stations of FIA andProvincial Police forces for an effective trackingsystem and victims are advised to approach aPolice Station as and when they have anyinformation on the where about/ movement of such
47
information on the where about/ movement of suchfugitives.
Ø FIA also focused on identification and protection ofvictims of forced migrant labour resulting fromfraudulent job offers or involuntary servitude. Forthis purpose FIA established a link office in MuscatSultanate of Oman that will eventually cover theMiddle East as well.
PROTECTION
Ø Link office Muscat, interviews each and everyperson arrested by the host government to identify ifshe/he is a victim or an accused facilitator in thetrafficking offence. Victims are provided food/shelterand health services in the host country. Health
48
and health services in the host country. Healthservices are expensive but essentially required forthe weary victims who venture thousands of mileswithout much food supplies. This is not only done bythe host government but they are provided the sameservices in Pakistan by FIA at the Karachi Port andTaftan-Quetta with the help of some local NGOs.
PROTECTION
Ø They are encouraged to identify their traffickers andbe a part of the investigations. In 2008, 3664 havebeen provided these services at the seaport andairports. So far, Muscat Link Office has a data baseof around 7500 trafficked victims and 390
49
of around 7500 trafficked victims and 390agents/facilitators. This information is promptlyprovided to the FIA Headquarters. In 2009, a 12year old girl was lured by her real aunt to enterMuscat for flesh trade. The victim was identified,protected by the Pakistan Embassy provided allkind of support in Muscat and Pakistan. The auntwas arrested by FIA at the Karachi airport.
PROTECTIONØ Performance of FIA Link Office has reflected in the up-
graduation of Sultanate of Oman and should also be reflectedas good work done by the Government of Pakistan in thecountry report on Pakistan. The proposed link offices will havethe same agenda, once they are established.
Ø In order to achieve international liaison and coordinated efforts
50
Ø In order to achieve international liaison and coordinated effortsto curb transnational crime of human trafficking approval forestablishment of link offices in Turkey, Greece, Iran and U.K isin the process. FIA’s liaison officer will be stationed in theselink offices to effectively monitor the illegal activities of humantraffickers and to provide assistance to the victims abroad.They will also bridge the gap between the countries forinformation/ intelligence sharing which will help in bringinggood name for the country.
MAJOR CHALLENGES
Ø Prospective economic workers traveling byair, having valid visa, difficult to detect.
Ø Travel by land is the major mode adopted.
Ø Porous Pak – Iran border difficult to manage.
51
Ø Porous Pak – Iran border difficult to manage.
Ø Existence of human smugglers/facilitators inIran/ Oman aggravates the problem.
Ø Low amount of money charged by the humansmugglers, is an added attraction.
l Real time intelligence sharing between Australia and Pakistan through Focal Persons.
l Joint identification/interviewing teams to unearth following:
1. International networks, agents, sub-agents and facilitators.
ASSISTANCE REQUIRED FROM AUSTRALIA
52
1. International networks, agents, sub-agents and facilitators.2. Modus operandi of international network.3. Money involved and mode of payment.4. Other relevant information e.g. link with terrorist government
personnel and money laundering etc.
l Capacity building trainings for immigration staff, especially for document examination, profiling and intelligence sharing /evidence gathering.
ASSISTANCE REQUIRED FROM AUSTRALIA
l Resources for Immigration Check-posts/Anti Human Trafficking Circles.
l Illegal Migration is a 3rd Big International problem and requires immediate consultancy with stakeholders.Need for Singapore and Thailand to cooperate
53
l Need for Singapore and Thailand to cooperate in combating illegal migration through their countries.
l According to Australian Immigration Laws Illegal Migrants are accommodated which needs immediate attention on amendments in laws.
l A National Action Plan 2009 by GOP launched with special
focus on Legal, Media and Training Policies to counter
human trafficking.
l Achievable targets set after identifying major challenges
WAY FORWARD
54
l Achievable targets set after identifying major challenges
l Integrated Border Management System (IBMS) to replace
PISCES at all entry/exit points, linking passport and CNIC
databases.
l Introduction of Biometric system through IBMS.
l Establishing FIA Link offices in Iran, Turkey, Greece, UK
and Spain.
l Creation of Immigration Intelligence Unit (IIU)
Installation of E-gates at Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore
WAY FORWARD
55
l Installation of E-gates at Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore
international airports
l Linkage of immigration database with Interpol MIND and
FIND database
Thank You
56
Thank You