HUMBERG Competence in Tree Protection

Competence in Tree ProtectionProducts for Urban Tree Planting

2012

Technical information

Dimensions:All the stated dimensions are to be understood as nominal dimensions and may therefore differ from the actual dimensions.

Colours:All powder-coated products are sandblasted and primed before coating. All RAL colours are avail-able on request for a small additional charge.The following shades are available at no extra charge:

Black micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructure

DB 703, micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructure

RAL 6005, moss green

RAL 6009, fir green

RAL 7016, anthracite grey

RAL 9005, jet black

RAL 9016, traffic white

RAL 3020, traffic red

(Please note that subsequent orders may contain minor process-linked differences in colour shades)

HUMBERG Metall- & Kunstguss GmbHStevern 78 ∙ 48301 Nottuln ∙ Germany

Tel.: 0049 2502 6071Fax: 0049 2502 6072

[email protected]

www.humberg-guss.de

© 2012 H

UM

BE

RG

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.humberg-guss.de

HUMBERG vCard

HUMBERG Metall- & Kunstguss GmbHStevern 78 ∙ 48301 Nottuln ∙ Germany

Tel.: (+49) (0) 2502 / 6071Fax: (+49) (0) 2502 / 6072

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.humberg-guss.de

2 Competence in Tree Protection

Table of contents

Introduction 5

Competence in tree protection 6 Contact persons 7 The tree and its location 8 Trunk and crown 10 The root system 12Trees and technical infrastructure 14 Planning aspects 16Anti-slip protection 18Anchorage and trunk protection 19 Root zone irrigation 20 Effects of climate change 21Tree pit construction types 22 Urban tree planting checklist 30

Root care 32HUNO® WurzelStern® 34HUNO® Water and Air Caps 36HUNO® Deep Aeration 39HUNO® Ventilation Bollard 40

Subsurface Tree Grilles 42Quadro-1 46Quadro-2 48Quadro-3 50Quadro-4 52Quadro-PLUS 54

Root Protection Bridges 64Radix 66

Tree Grilles 72Supporting structures 74

Cast Iron Grille Series – ARBORIS 76Alea® 78Amellus® 79Folium® 80Corona® 82Corona®-R 83Molea® 84Molea®-R 85Lumen® 86Ambio® 87

Gratings 88Orbis 90Clatri 92

Aluminium Cast Grille – AERO 94Aero Surface area grille 96

Laser Grilles 98Laser Grille Design 100Ambio®-L 102Sorbus®-L 104Grille System – Fraxinus® 105

Tree Guards 108Fagus 110Abies 112Tilia 114Betula 116Malus 118Ilex 120Platanus 122Amplexor 124Robinia 126Afzelia 128Prunus 130Carpinus 132Corylus 134Cornus 136

Tree Guard Rings 138Alnus 140Ficus 142Salix 144Quercus 146Ginkgo 148Pyrus 150Cedrus 152Acer 154Helix 156Cercis 158Ulmus 160Pinus 162

Our Partners in Tree Protection 164Bruns 166

AppendixBibliography 168Company information 172

2 Competence in Tree Protection Competence in Tree Protection 3

Root care 32

Tree Guards and Tree Guard Rings 108

Subsurface Tree Grilles and Root Protection Bridges 42

Tree Grilles 72


© Reinhold Scheer


"At Humberg, we never see problems, but rather new tasks and challenges …"

Franz Humberg

We at Humberg Metall- & Kunstguss GmbH are very pleased to present our specialist catalogue, which focuses on »Products for Urban Tree Planting«.

We take our inspiration by the age-old special bond between man and trees, a bond which has had a lasting effect on public life and community spirit and continues to influence this. Now, we are proud to include you in our many years of experi-ence in the area of tree protection.

Conscious of the importance of trees for the qual-ity of life of people in cities, we have compiled here the important planning criteria and guidelines that ought to be taken into consideration when plant-ing trees in residential areas.

Urban surroundings pose major challenges both for those involved in planning – as regards the dif-ferent aspects to be considered when planting ur-ban trees – and also for the living organism itself, the tree, which must come to terms with different living conditions in different settlement areas.

This catalogue provides helpful tips and practical advice on the planting of trees in urban areas and also includes an overview of our wide range of products specifically tailored to tree protection.

We have compiled the professional and compre-hensive guidelines for you in this manual, taking ex-isting rules and regulations and current DIN/ISO standards as a basis. Our intention is to contribute to optimising the entire process from planning to implementation of a long-term and cost-effective complete solution. We strive to achieve the best-possible result for all participants to this process.

Yours sincerely,

Franz Humberg

To whom it may concern,


Following this, the company developed to became the market leader in manufacturing decorative door panels, design elements for the front door sector and historical lamps.

Ever since, the aluminium and bronze casting sec-tors have been at the centre of what we do with the main focus on townscape design and tree protection. Humberg manufactured its first tree protection sys-tems as far back as 1994 and since then has continu-ally developed its product portfolio in this segment.

In 2010, Humberg was presented with the renowned red dot design award in recognition of the company's outstanding ARBORIS Tree Grilles.

In addition to the company's technical and special-ist know how, and its adherence to highest qual-ity standards, Humberg is committed to the use of state-of-the-art 3D computer programmes in devel-oping and manufacturing its innovative products. This allows us to implement the latest technical findings in attractive and award-winning designs while at the same time catering for the individual ideas and wishes of our customers.

Humberg has been active in the metal processing sector since its foundation as a forge and machine works back in 1882.

Initially, our emphasis was on manufacturing and re-pairing farming machines. Half a century later, the business was expanded to include a foundry for man-ufacturing grey cast iron and in 1926 the first Cupola furnace was put into operation.

Humberg has been active in the metal and art foundry sector ever since. During this initial phase, the main products cast were products that were re-quired in the agricultural sector. These included barn windows, horse whins and Cambridge rollers. In ad-dition, sewer drains and manhole covers were also manufactured.

In the spring of 1968, the first generation of alumin-ium door panels manufactured by Humberg were displayed at the Hanover trade fair. Around the same time, the factory operation was converted from manufacturing grey cast iron to aluminium casting. The old Cupola furnace was dismantled in 1972, thus bringing an end to Humberg's first era.

Competence in Tree Protection

6 Competence in Tree Protection Contact Persons 7

Our experienced team is happy to support you with your projects in a targeted and solution-orientated manner.

In addition to providing you with high-quality individual products and compatible, modular complete solutions, we at Humberg are dedi-cated to providing you with the highest-level of service from initial planning stages right up to installation of your tree protection product.

This includes expert advice on all our stand-ard products, as well as planning and imple-menting specific individual ideas and wishes. As a manufacturer, we can respond to such individual requirements quickly and cost- effectively.

Contact Persons

Brigitte Vinkelau Consultancy and Sales

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 27 brigitte-vinkelau @ humberg-guss.de

Petra SickerOrder Processing

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 12 petra-sicker @ humberg-guss.de

Dipl.Des. Timo RybickiEngineering

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 21timo-rybicki @ humberg-guss.de

Andrea HumbergAccounting

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 26andrea-humberg @ humberg-guss.de

René SchnelleConsultancy and Sales

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 25rene-schnelle @ humberg-guss.de

Herbert KnappEngineering

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 15 herbert-knapp @ humberg-guss.de

8 The Tree and its Location

In the course of evolution, the living organism that is the tree has had to adapt to ever-changing and often extreme local conditions and environmental influences. Its development is closely linked to soil conditions at the tree's location.

Using their roots - which are in fact very exten-sive systems - trees penetrate the soil and seek out areas, which satisfy their needs in terms of ventilation, moisture, availability of nutrients and pH-value. Due to their adaptability, trees are able to survive in urban areas, despite the many un-favourable conditions, such as very limited water supply and space. Nonetheless, certain basic pre-conditions must be created by man to ensure this.

In urban areas, it is all but impossible to provide a tree with the same natural living conditions that exist in woodlands. Both the soil conditions and the atmospheric conditions differ significantly. Ac-cordingly, in urban areas one must expect a more confined root zone, poorer soil conditions, emis-sions and further stress factors for the tree, such as increased solar radiation or drought-related water shortages.

Therefore, when planning tree plantations, it is imperative that the best possible conditions be set right from the very outset to ensure healthy development and sustain the vitality of the tree over the long term.

In this context, it is important to note that optimal development of the tree can only be achieved if the above ground and subsurface tree organs are in balance; damage or disruption in one of these areas, for example damage to the roots as a result of soil compaction in the course of civil engineer-ing work can cause lasting long-term damage to the corresponding organs often with a lagged im-pact.

Well-planned and properly-implemented tree plantation fundamentally reduces the risk of pest infestations or diseases.

This increases the life expectancy of the tree, al-lowing it to retain its value over the long term and minimises follow-on costs.

Beneficial effects of urban treesAlthough trees in urban settings are defined as street furniture in the Recommendations for Street Environment Design (ESG, 1987) and hence are formally on equal terms with lights, fountains and seating, they nonetheless offer diverse design, financial and ecological benefits. In this context, urban trees are referred to as having beneficial effects, because they:

• Provide a structure to the streetscape

• Absorb CO2 in the wood over the long term, thereby contributing to climate protection

• Form a contrast to the surrounding buildings

• Assist traffic management (e.g. trees have a calming effect on traffic)

• Enliven and improve the cityscape

• Create added-value (trees and green areas make real-estate properties more attractive)

• Improve the quality of life and living standards in urban areas (allowing the change of seasons to be experienced )

• Provide a habitat for many species of animals

• Increase the relative humidity and reduce wind speed

• Lower the air temperature by providing shading and evaporative cooling

• Reduce noise perception

• Filter out aerosols and dust particles in the air, thereby reducing the level of fine particles over the long term.

The Tree and its Location


8 The Tree and its Location The Tree and its Location 9

"We ought to think that

the leaves of a tree,

tree is all humanity ..."

and the

we are one of

Pablo Casals (1876–1973)


10 Trunk and Crown

Fandamentally, we differentiate between two types of trees: deciduous and coniferous. Ginkgo trees form a special category and as "living fos-sils" are the last living representatives of the class Ginkgoopsida.

Viewed from top to bottom, all trees consist of three main parts:

• The Crown • The Trunk• The Roots

The CrownThe crown of the tree begins where the trunk forks into wooded branches progress-ing to coarse, weak and fine branches, and ultimately to branches that only carry leaves.

The leaves make a fandamental contribution to providing the tree with nutrients, because it is here that the photosynthetic process takes place. The tree crown is also very important as a design element, as it varies depending on the tree spe-cies and type. It is therefore important that right from the initial planning stage, the colour (not forgetting the autumn foliage), light transwith-tance and the growth habit are integrated har-moniously with the characteristics of the location.

In general, we distinguish be-tween four crown shapes:

1. Conical crown2. Widely protruding crown3. Spherical crown4. Pyramidal crown

The TrunkExternally, the tree trunk is primarily character-ised by its bark, which has an individual structure depending on the species of tree thus providing one of the best identifiers for distinguishing differ-ent tree species.

The primary function of the bark is to protect the anderlying layers, which conduct water and nutri-ents, against physical damages, fungal and insect infestations as well as overheating, which could lead to cell structure damages.

The structure of the trunk is remarkable in that only the innermost layers ander the bark are alive. The heartwood (please see the figure of the right) simply serves as a support structure and no long-er contains any living cells.

In young trees, the outer protective layer, which consists of dead cells, is not yet fully developed. In-dividual tree species, such as plane trees, continue to shed their bark plates on a regular basis even when they are mature.

Therefore such trees only have relatively weak protection against physical damages or strong so-lar radiation. It is for this reason that it has proven worthwhile to encase the trunks of freshly plant-ed trees in reed matting to provide protection against overheating.

Damage to the trunk encourages the penetration of micro-organisms, in particular wood-destroying fungi. Progressive rotting leads to badly damaged trees being removed so as not to compromise road safety.

Trunk and Crown

10 Trunk and Crown Trunk and Crown 11

Crown

Hear twood

Sapwood

Cambium

Bast

Bark

Trunk

Trunk base

Root system

Tree RespirationUrban trees make an important contribution to global climate protection courtesy of their long-term storage of the environmentally-harmful gas carbon dioxide (CO2) in the wood. A tree ab-sorbs CO2 through its leaves and releases oxy-gen (O2) into the atmosphere. In turn, the roots require oxygen, which they absorb from the soil along with water and nutrients and they emit car-bon dioxide. The healthy development of the tree is dependant on this soil-atmosphere gas exchange.

12 The Root System

The Root System

The underground organs of the tree are gener-ally hidden from our view and are therefore often forgotten. However, the very survival of a tree is dependant on the health and functioning of its roots. Trees not only require healthy roots, but there must also be a balanced relationship be-tween the volume of the underground supply or-gans and their above-ground counterpart, namely the leaves or needles. Trees can only develop their beneficial effects in a optimal manner if these con-ditions are met.

Roots need oxygen in order to fulfil their numer-ous functions. Apart from supplying the tree with nutrients and water, the root system also serves to anchor the tree solidly in the ground. The latter function is crucially important in terms of stability and therefore in terms of road safety in cities.

The roots of most species of trees favour locations where soil is well ventilated, sufficiently damp and biologically active. For instance, if the oxygen con-tent in the gas mixture in the soil is lower than 11%, root development can come to a standstill and can cause the roots to perish.

A tree’s complex root system is susceptible to a multitude of external factors, which can poten-tially cause severe damage to the tree.

Factors that have a negative im-pact on the growth of the roots:• Lack of oxygen in the gaseous mixture in

the soil (e.g. as a result of compaction or the utilisation of unsuitable plant substrates)

• Restricted gas exchange caused by sealed surfaces

• Under sized root zone

• Damage to the roots (e.g. caused by building works)

• Water shortage or excess water

• Unfavourable pH-value of the soil

• Input and concentration of harmful substanc-es (e.g. road salt, engine oil, dog urine and other substances that are toxic for the roots)

Effects of root damage:• Reduced vitality• Vulnerability to diseases • Reduced life expectancy• Negative impact on road safety• Disruption of the water balance

Root growth in urban habitatsUnlike the trees in woodlands, the urban tree is generally faced with very different living condi-tions. The urban tree must share its narrow root zone with many other systems, whereby the pro-tection of technical equipment belonging to sup-ply and waste disposal systems is often considered the priority.

Modern procedures in the construction of roads and paths prevent the roots from growing into the highly-condensed substructure, since neither enough oxygen nor water is available there. As a result, in confined urban spaces, root growth is often concentrated in proximity to the surface thus causing damage to pavement surfaces.

Furthermore, scientific studies confirm that root growth is concentrated particularly on the areas that cater best for the needs of the tree.

Due to their flexible tips, roots grow along the fringes of density limits and always into less com-pressed substrate layers. In doing so, they favour soil areas that contain both medium pores for wa-ter supply and also large pores for oxygen supply.

The expansion of the roots follows gradients that are present in the substrate. In this manner, they turn to soil areas that contain higher con-centrations of growth-enhancing substances, and turn away from those that contain high levels of growth-inhibiting substances.

Aside from providing a suitable substrate and an appropriate tree pit size, the neighbouring area should also be structured in such a manner that is offers sufficient root-permeable space for the growing tree.

12 The Root System The Root System 13

Sinker root systems

Tap root systems

Fibrous root systems

In urban habitats, the shape is primarily deter-mined by the soil parameters of the surrounding area, which overpower the genetic shape charac-teristic.

A further important aspect, which time and again generates problems and high repair costs, is roots growing into supply and waste disposal pipes.

It has long been assumed that the water, which is being transported in the pipes, is the reason that pipe connections become overgrown. Latest re-search fi ndings show that this is not the case.

There is accelerated root growth in proximity to the pipes in particular due to the characteristics of the area close to the pipe. Such areas often offer the roots better living conditions as regards soil compaction and oxygen content when compared to neighbouring substrates.

Subsequent corrections to the root system are practically impossible and very costly. Hence, it is advisable that the manifold opportunities offered by modern tree protection systems be looked at right from the commencement of planning or re-construction of tree sites. This will prevent prob-lems arising at a later date.

Root systemsGiven natural conditions under which root growth can develop freely and depending on the tree species, we essentially distinguish between three shapes of root systems.

Calyptra (root cap)

Magnification of the tip of a root

14 Trees and Technical Infrastructure

The changing world we live in today brings with it changes in the use of traffi c routes. Streets that have been tailored to suit new requirements have substructures, which are very diffi cult for the roots of roadside trees to grow into.

Facing this, we have old planting techniques and the increasing utilisation of the available space on the pavement side to accommodate supply and waste disposal pipes. Repeated building opera-tions see new substrate being introduced into the areas outside the tree pit, thus offering the roots potential to expand. This alters the soil areas on a small-scale and consequently they display different characteristics.

Roots grow along the path of least resistance due to the mechanical properties of their tips.

In the event of incorrect tree pit design, once the roots have exceeded the dimension of the tree pit, they inevitably reach pipe trenches and once there favour the bedding material.

On urban sites, the adjustment of the roots of a tree to its specifi c location can lead to damages, which are often blamed on the trees themselves. Thus, they often grow into the bedding materials of paths and paved areas to utilise the water, oxy-gen and nutrition supply in areas near the surface and can cause these surface to lift up.

If no better opportunities present themselves, roots will expand into areas that were not intend-ed for this purpose. Responsibility for this lies in the hands of those who plan and carry out tree planting in ignorance of the real circumstances. Damages caused by roots and the high costs asso-ciated with this can be avoided if attention is paid to quality in the layout of tree sites.

The well-known tree researcher, Professor Alex L. Shigo, formulated this insight as follows: "It is better to plant a tree worth $100 in a tree pit that costs $200, than to plant a tree for $200 in a tree pit than only costs $100."

By using high-quality tree plant substrates and modern construction types for tree pits, (e.g. the use of self-supporting subsurface tree grilles) the growth of tree roots in urban areas can be opti-mised over the long term. The soils and substrates used can be penetrated permanently, thus ensur-ing the gas exchange and supply of water and nu-trition necessary for healthy trees to grow.

The deployment of tree protection systems, for example tree guards or tree guard rings, largely prevents damages to the above-ground parts of the tree caused by vehicles colliding into it or van-dalism. It is important to consult with specialists before planting to ascertain the criteria that ought to be incorporated in your planning. Promoting close cooperation among all the project partners right from the initial planning phase is worthwhile in the interests of preventing or minimising pos-sible consequential costs.

Trees and Technical Infrastructure

14 Trees and Technical Infrastructure Trees and Technical Infrastructure 15

Clearance GaugeThe clearance gauge in road traffi c is identifi ed as the minimum distance which must be kept free above the traffi c route so as to facilitate unhin-dered use.

Over pavements the minimum distance may not fall below 2.2 m, whereas over cycle paths a mini-mum distance of 2.5 m must be maintained and over roads 4.5 m.

2,2

m

2,5

m

4,5

m

16 Planning Aspects

Local authorities often receive financial support for planting new urban trees; however they must pay for the care and conservation of the trees them-selves. Long-term factors such as the average life expectancy of the tree, the natural growth height, specific location-related characteristics and subse-quent care costs must therefore be looked at in the concept phase.

In planning, it is important to consider the size of the mature tree and not the size of the corre-sponding seedling. This allows you to calculate the space that will actually be needed later on and to be able to provide this over the long term.

An optimal and sustainable result can only be guar-anteed through good conception and the utilisa-tion of specifically-adapted products. This applies particularly to typical urban problems, such as drought stress or ventilation problems. According to experts, such problems account for the bulk of costs for subsequent tree care and conservation measures. These costs must then be borne by the local authorities.

Generally, the root zone of solitary trees exceeds the throughfall. The thickness of the rooted soil lay-er depends on site conditions and the tree species. If good soils or plant substrates are used and suf-ficient ventilation and irrigation is present, the root-ing depth can be more than 1.5 m. Consequently,

this can in many cases compensate for a lack of surface area for the tree pit..

Which tree suits which site?There are a numerous characteristics that should be heeded when searching for the right tree for a particular site. The criteria listed here illustrate the different factors that should be taken into ac-count in planting and facilitate the selection of a suitable tree for your individual project.

Attention should be paid to:• Light requirements• Light transmission• Space requirements (above

and below the ground)• Plant substrate• Frost hardiness• Risk of wind damage• Growth shape (care costs if applicable)• Resistance to diseases and pests• Colour of leaves or needles and bark

(including seasonal changes)• Compatibility with existing tree population• Disruptive factors (e.g. fruit fall, thorns etc.)

You will find detailed information about individual tree species and their individual characteristics, in addition to preferred habitats in the Local authori-ties ang Govermental ....???

Planning Aspects

Dimensions and sizes:The following minimum trunk circumference should be taken into account: Trunk

circumferenceTrunk diameter

Tree height

Small-crowned trees 14 / 16 cm 4,0 bis 4,5 cm 400 / 450 cmMedium-growth trees 16 / 18 cm 5,0 bis 5,5 cm 450 / 500 cmFast-growing trees 18 / 20 cm 5,5 bis 6 cm 500 / 550 cm

The diameter of the root bale of tree nursery products is approx. 8 to 10 times the trunk diameter.

»A fool sees not the same tree that a wise man sees.«

William Blake (1757–1827)

16 Planning Aspects Planning Aspects 17

18 Anti-Slip Protection

The issue of anti-slip protection may initially seem of no direct concern with respect to the urban trees; however the need for this is a consequence of efforts to protect the tree that is being intro-duced into the streetscape.

Tree protection products are subject to numer-ous different forces and must not only fulfil archi-tectural and aesthetic requirements but also safe-ty requirements. Thus, seasonal changes brings with them weather conditions, which can pose a danger for human beings.

A tree grille surface might offer pedestrians a good grip in the summer or during dry spells, but could nonetheless pose a great danger in the autumn and winter. Such issues are important for all local authorities from a pedestrian protection point of view and also from an insurance point of view.

The differing requirements made of outdoor sur-faces are detailed for in various norms and stand-ard values. The most important document in this respect is the » Code of practice for floors in work rooms and work areas with high risk of slipping « (BGR 181) issued by the Federation of Institutions for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention (HVBG) in Germany. This relates to flooring and traffic routes, which come into contact with slip-pery materials, such as damp foliage. According

to BGR 181, outdoor pathways ought to fulfil the slip resistance requirements for assessment group R10 V4 and higher. Hitherto, it has been difficult for cast metal surfaces to achieve such a level.

Tested safety – ARBORIS®

To test the slip resistance of the HUMBERG AR-BORIS® tree grille series, its anti-slip properties were measured in the Test Centre Laboratory for Building Materials in Wismar. The German DIN 51130 test standard was used requiring test per-sons to walk on a »sloped surface«, which had been sprayed with special engine oil. To achieve R10 classification, the test person must walk safely along the test surface with an inclination angle of at least 10 –19° using standard footwear. The test surface in AMELLUS® design managed this effort-lessly achieving an average angle of 16.8°.

Subsequently, the displacement volume of the sur-face was determined. This determines the amount of liquid in cm3 that the surface can displace at a minimum. This far exceeded the requirements by achieving V10 – the highest possible value.

Consequently, ARBORIS® tree grilles are the first grey cast iron tree grilles on the market that fulfil modern anti-slip requirements for public spaces in accordance with German BGR 181.

Anti-Slip Protection

18 Anti-Slip Protection Anchorage and Trunk Protection 19

Anchorage and Trunk Protection

AnchorageThe tree ought to be anchored so that fine roots that develop after planting are protected against movement as a result of exposure to the wind. Care must be taken to ensure that the trunk, crown and roots are not impaired in their natural functioning.

The selection of suitable anchoring methods de-pends of various factors, such as the size of the tree, the location, traffic safety as well as design and architectural requirements.

Apart from stake and rope anchors (see fig. be-low), it is also possible to secure the tree using root bale anchorage, which fits in more harmoni-ously in the respective environment.

Trunk protectionA further important aspect in urban settlement areas is the protection of the tree against possible mechanical damages to the trunk, such as those that can arise if cars collide into the tree or bicy-cles are parked against it. A significant number of the tree losses within inner-city tree populations result from such injuries and damages.

In order to protect your tree investment over the long term, it is therefore advisable to install impact protection in the form of a tree guard or tree guard ring at high-risk locations. These can be combined with other tree protection prod-ucts, thus protecting the tree population above and below the ground, which in turn minimises your follow-on costs.

Amplexor tree guard with trunk anchor

20 Root Zone Irrigation

Root Zone Irrigation

Oftentimes, the substructure in urban areas does not offer the conditions necessary for healthy tree growth. Shortcomings with respect to air and wa-ter permeability or the nutrient content in the soil can be compensated by the introduction of a suit-able plant substrate mixture.

In this context, sufficient total pore volume and balanced water supply are important to achieve ideal regulation of the gas exchange.

Furthermore, optimum pH levels in the soil are vital for healthy tree growth. Depending on the area of use, we distinguish between compacted and non-compacted plant substrates, whereby the latter is preferable, as they resemble natural soils.

Ventilation and IrrigationA sustainable and permanent ventilation concept is of fundamental importance for the stability of the tree, as only a tree that is rooted down into deep layers of soil offers the necessary stability and also ensures sufficient supply.

We offer the following solutions to guarantee this in the long term:

• HUNO® WurzelStern® – the central root zone irrigation system

• HUNO® Deep Aeration

• HUNO® Water and Air Caps

• Root Protection Bridges to expand the root zone of existing trees

The HUNO® WurzelStern® is a combination of irrigation and ventilation pipes, which are installed centrally underneath the root bales when new trees are planted.

Such a ventilation system not only increases the stability of the tree, but also prevents damages to urban supply lines.

Due to the ideal conditions offered, root growth concentrates on the area in immediate proximity to the ventilation pipes, thus protecting otherwise endangered structures in the substructure and the pavement surfaces from the roots.

With the HUNO® Deep Aeration, borings are made in the ground to install pipes right into the bottom of the tree pit.

These unfilled pipes have slits in the drilled area and equipped with a metal end cap at the surface. This prevents the pipe from clogging and allows the surface to be driven or walked over.

Additionally, the use of root protection bridges is recommended in certain places, for example un-der footpaths and cycle paths.

These self-supporting constructions not only pre-vent soil compaction, but also further increase the area where roots can penetrate.

In combination with subsurface tree grilles, this makes it possible to significantly expand the often-limited root zone and thus improve supply to the tree. This avoids roots penetrating surface layers and ensures that the tree is lastingly anchored in the urban substructure.

Due to the extreme local conditions in urban ar-eas, when planting trees it makes sense to include irrigation systems. This protects the plants from drought stress during the summer months, thus helping them to maintain their health and resist-ance (e.g. against pests) over the long term.

Furthermore, in order to avoid waterlogging, we recommend the piercing of layers at the bottom of the tree pit that are impermeable to water and if necessary the installation of a drainage system.

The HUNO® WurzelStern® also offers advantag-es in this respect, as it not only provides irrigation and ventilation, but also helps accelerate drainage of excess water.

20 Root Zone Irrigation Effects of Climate Change 21

Climate change is taking place all over the world. We can measure its effects since the beginning of the industrialisation era and this must be taken into consideration in present day planning of tree loca-tions. We develop our products based on the latest research findings. Changes in temperature and pre-cipitation have an enormous impact on all areas of urban tree planting. Adaptation to the inevitable ef-fects of climate change is possible and worthwhile.

The main effects of climate change in Central Eu-rope are the general increase in temperatures and a shift of the annual main precipitation to the win-ter months. According to the latest climate models, in Germany, for example, the temperatures in the winter months may increase by approx. 2.5 to 4°C, precipitation may fall by approx. 10 –20% in the summer months and increase by 10 –24% during the winter. This may not sound like much, but has an enormous impact!

Extreme weather eventsClimate change is bringing with it an increased frequency of extreme weather events. Large de-viations from the average weather conditions of a region are being recorded. These are often only

Effects of Climate Change

temporary but have severe consequences for the stretches of land affected. In the future, there will be an increase in the number of:

• Heat waves

• Sudden torrential rainfall

• Storms

The stability of urban infrastructures must be ex-amined and improved against this background. Ad-ditional unsealed surfaces must be created in urban areas to counteract the increased threat of flooding and landslides. Effective water management systems with effective irrigation and drainage infrastructures are becoming increasingly important.

The effects of drought on the treeDuring extended periods of drought, trees with in-sufficient irrigation experience increasing levels of drought stress, which leads to a severe weakening of the tree. Furthermore, as a result of the warmer climate, the weakened tree may then be infested by new, previously unknown germs and parasites, which migrate northwards and survive.

Heat waves, torrential rain and storms – The effects of climate change in Central Europe

22 Tree Pit Construction

Tree Pit Construction Types

Tree Pit Construction Type I:Open, permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

To create an open and uncovered tree pit, non-compacted substrate is introduced, which offers the tree near-natural conditions and thus opti-mal conditions for growth. In urban areas, this construction type can only be realised on sites where the tree bed is subject to little or no sur-face forces.

In order to ensure safety for stepping or driving over the tree pit area using various vehicle types, for example by the rescue services, police or fire service, the tree pit must be covered by open and self-supporting constructions, such as surface area grilles and tree grilles. Such coverings are permeable to water and oxygen over the long term and also provide an aesthetic and functional transition to the adjacent pavements surfaces.

In addition, by installing root protection bridges, it is possible to expand the area of the tree pit where roots can penetrate. In all instances where unsuitable soil conditions are to be foand outside the tree pit, root protection bridges support the sustainable anchorage of the roots and also the supply of sufficient water, nutrition and oxygen in the root zone.

Tree Pit Construction Type II: Covered

A covered tree pit serves two purposes. On the one hand, it serves as a site for the tree and on the other hand it serves as building ground for a traffic area.

This dual use requires the tree pit to carry loads; some tree pits must be able to withstand wheel loads from cars or trucks (e.g. in car parks).

We suggest the installation of subsurface tree grilles from the Quadro series to ensure that these requirements are met. With a maximum static wheel load of 5T, these grilles can protect the sensitive root zone of the tree and prevent soil compaction over the long term.

The various Quadro models can be upgraded to include root protection bridges (Radix and Quadro Plus), which expand the area where roots can penetrate as well as improving its supply and stability over the long term. It is also possible to combine irrigation and ventilation concepts in ad-dition to different tree gratings with subsurface tree grilles, which creates complete solutions for spaces and other surfaces at risk of compaction. This introduces considerable freedom of design.

Correct installation of the tree pit is a prerequisite for the proper growth of the tree and its long-term health. The specified minimum dimensions for a tree pit as recommended by the German Landscape Research, Development & Construction Society (FLL) is 12 m3 and the minimum depth is 1.5 m.

This is in line with the German DIN 18916 standard (Planting techniques in landscaping; Plants and planting). The required rooting depth is dependent on the size of the tree pit and the adjacent ground, which must be improved or expanded if necessary. This can, for example, be achieved by utilising subsurface tree grilles, root protection bridges or surface area grilles. The FLL standards differentiate between two construction types for tree pits.

On the following pages you will find examples for the design of tree pits and tree sites in urban areas taking into account the acknowledged state of the art principles of engineering and science.

Please note that the descriptions are exemplary and can vary by location.

SCHWETZINGENSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-3

22 Tree Pit Construction Tree Pit Construction 23


HUNO® Deep Aerationwith per forated KG pipe

Tree Pit Construction Type IExample 1 Including Tree Grille

Features at a glance:• Open construction

• Permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

• Vehicle resistant

• Use of area up close to the trunk

• Tree grille with support frame and separate outer frame

• Concrete foundation for lat-eral load-bearing capacity

• 1.5T or 5T wheel load

• Tree Guard (Type: Carpinus)

• Root bale anchorage

• Central root zone irrigation with the non-compacted HUNO® WurzelStern®

Tree Guard

Tree Grillewith suppor t frame

Central root zone irrigation

Substrate(non-compacted)

Root bale anchorage

HUNO®

WurzelStern®

Ventilated soil area


Tree Pit Construction Type IExample 2with Laser Grille

Features at a glance:• Open construction

• Permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

• Only non-compact plant substrate

• Vehicle resistant

• Self-supporting surface area grille with support frame and separate outer frame



• Tree Guard (Type: Amplexor) with trunk anchor

• Central root zone irrigation with the HUNO® WurzelStern®


suppor t frame

Laser Grille

Tree Guard

trunk anchor

HUNO®

WurzelStern®


HUNO® capwith ventilation pipe


Features at a glance:• Covered and vehicle resistant

• Non-compact plant substrate

• Self-supporting Subsurface tree grille

• Quadro-2 on support legs with root zone expansion via Quadro-PLUS and root bale anchorage



• Permanent ventilation and irrigation function

• Effective protection against sinking of path or site surfaces and against densifi cation in the root zone


Tree Pit Construction Type IIExample 3with Subsurface Tree Grille

Quadro-PLUS

Ventilation

Quadro-2

Root bale anchorageSubstrate

(non-compacted)

HUNO®

WurzelStern®Pipes and cables

Tree Guard Rings

Root bale anchorage




• Self-supporting Subsurface Tree Grille Quadro-1 on support legs with root zone expansion via condensable sub-strate and root bale anchorage

• Tree guard ring (Type: Helix)



• Permanent ventilation and irrigation function

• Effective protection against sink-ing of path or site surfaces and against densifi cation in the root zone


Substrate(non-compacted)

HUNO®

Cap adjustableHUNO® Cap

Quadro-1


HUNO®-WurzelStern


Root bale anchorage


Tree Pit Construction Type IIExample 5Including Subsurface Tree Grille



• Self-supporting subsurface tree grille Quadro-3 with root zone expansion via condensable substrate and root bale anchoring


• Use of area up close to the trunk and above the root bale

• Permanent ventilation function and irrigation function

• Effective protection against sinking of path or site surfaces and densifi cation in the root zone



Precast reinforced concrete base

Quadro-3Tree substrate(compacted)


HUNO®

WurzelStern®

Root bale anchorage

Tree Guard RingRoot stop

barrier





• Self-supporting subsurface tree grille Quadro-3 with root zone expansion via condensable substrate and root bale anchoring


• Use of area up close to the trunk and above the root bale

• Permanent ventilation function and irrigation function

• Effective protection against sinking of path or site surfaces and densifi cation in the root zone

• Tree Guard Ring (Typ: Pyrus)

Aeration and watering system

Tree substrate(compacted)

HUNO® capwith ventilation pipe

Quadro-3

Tree substrate(non-compacted)

Reinforced concrete base



1. Site selection

O Formulation of the goals of the “greening” scheme

O Considering the necessary clear-ance gauge and local specifics to pre-vent restricted visibility (road safety)

O Classification / distance to build-ings and properties (Law concerning the respective interests of neighbours, German Civil Code (BGB) etc.)

O Exposure – shadowing of build-ings desired / undesired

O Taking new findings in climate re-search into consideration

2. Site surveys

O Investigating underground water supply and sewage disposal systems and involv-ing the parties concerned in protecting such systems against root penetration

O Determining the natural soil types on-site

3. Site preparation

O Max. tree pit size strived for

O Use of appropriate soils or sub-strates (for open root zones or root zones that can be covered)

O Setting up aeration ditches, deep drilling, other possibilities for expansion of root zone

O Installing self-supporting subsurface tree grilles and root zone covering, planning and preparation of root protection bridges

O Examining the drainage of any excess wa-ter / connection to receiving waters

O Examining whether tree locations are suit-able to infiltrate rainwater (road and roof drainage) or planning for this aspect

4. Choice of species and variety

O Space requirements above and below ground (small-crowned / large-crowned trees)

O Growth shape / crown shape

O Ornamental flowers / fruit fall

O Foliage density / shadow impact

O Light requirements / transparency

O Urban climate limits/ site requirements

O Natural formation of roots / root vigour

O Resistance to diseases and pests

O Frost and heat tolerance

O Symbionts / inevitable or optional Mycorrhiza

O Natural life span

5. Preparing for planting

O Determining the tree quality

O Selecting planting time (autumn/ spring)

6. Carrying out planting

O Pruning (crown / roots)

O Observing the correct planting depth

O Releasing the bale covering / baling wire

O Binding / anchorage

O Evaporation protection for trunk and wooded branches

O Impact protection (e.g. tree guard)

O Installing ventilation and irrigation facili-ties (possibly also installing drainage)

O Watering dike - optional (for plant-ing with “open tree bed”)

O Professional care of the young tree must be insured (follow-up care)

O Plant nutrition and hygiene should be taken into account

Urban Tree Planting Checklist

»… I do not know how one can pass a tree and not be happy that you see it …«Fyodor M. Dostoyevsky (1821–1881)


32 Root Care 32 Root Care

Root Care

Tree protection begins with the roots. We have developed new environmentally-friendly and cost-effective products in order to be able to offer our customers an effective and low-cost root care system.

In cooperation with leading tree experts, we have developed the HUNO® WurzelStern® ® for the purpose of root care. This ensures best-possible growth conditions for roadside trees, in-door planting and roof gardens and allows you to achieve economical and ecological benefi ts from your tree plantings.

The innovative design of the height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap enables both the use of commercially-available drainage pipes in the sizes DN 80 and DN 100, and also the ad-aptation of commercially-available KG pipes (DN/OD 110). This allows you to realise cost-effective deep aeration in accordance with FLL guidelines. You can source the most economical pipe from the local building distributor in the vicinity of your construction project, and then order the relatively small and light aluminium cast cap to be sent to you.

The new HUNO® Root Ventilation Bollard Sys-tem offers a combination of protective proper-ties for human beings and plants alike. Here, the know-how HUMBERG has gained in the produc-tion of bollards over a 30 year period is united with the demands of modern tree protection.

Our appealing designs comprise a steel pipe with an aluminium cast head and special ventilation openings on the side, which enables the required air-soil gas exchange while at the same time of-fering protection against damages. The ground sleeve can be connected to root supply lines or a deep borehole.

The risk of these systems clogging – as is often the case with other ground caps – is thus reduced to a minimum.

32 Root Care Root Care 33 32 Root Care

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1900–1944)

The tree is more than fi rst a seed … The tree is a slow, enduring force straining to win the sky.

34 Root Care

5958.01 HUNO® WurzelStern®

für Großbaum- and Neupfl anzungen geeignet

The new HUNO® System for Central Root Zone Irrigation is designed to achieve optimal ventilation and irrigation of tree pits or the root zones of trees and large shrubs. It optimises the exchange of gas by diverting soil-borne CO2 and helps to improve the nutrient supply and soil moisture.

The advantages of the HUNO® Wurzel Stern®

• Combinable with commercially-availa-ble drainage pipes, with or without cladding, in DN 80 and DN 100

• Central installation underneath the bale to ventilate and irrigate the root zone

• Possibility of using solid wall pipes in the upper tree pit area

• Facilitates demand-oriented irrigation

• Optional: drainage of excess wa-ter from the tree pit

• Supports steady root development and prevents dehydration of the root ba-les caused by “chimney effects”

• Suitable for FLL Tree Pit Construc-tion type I (open or covered / self-supporting) and 2 (covered)

• Deployable for all bale sizes, all tree pit and all tree pit volumes

• Easy, tool-free installation

• Suitable for connection to deep aeration systems

• Material: Polystyrol (PS)

Ø 580 mm

110

mm

34 Root Care Root Care 35

Installing a WurzelStern® when planting a new tree

Fig.1 Measuring and cutting the pipes to length Fig. 2 Positioning approx. 50 cm below the root bale

Fig. 3 Covering the WurzelStern® with geotextile

Fig. 5 Planting the tree Fig. 6 Filling in the area and placing the end caps

Fig. 4 Covering with plant substrate

36 Root Care

5959.01

The newly-developed aluminium cast cap from the HUNO tree and root protection range can be combined with com-mercially-available pipes in the sizes DN 80 and 100. It eases the irrigation of trees and large shrubs and ensures optimal ventilation of the tree pit and the root zone.

The advantages:• Suitable for all Tree Pit Construc-

tion Types and tree pit volumes

• Available as a system in conjunction with the HUNO® WurzelStern®

• The HUNO® Ground anchor made of robust, ecologically neutral metal wire secures the po-sition during installation and prevents the ins-tallation being ripped out after installation

• Stainless steel grid made of 3 mm stain-less steel, surface polished or glass-bead blas-ted, available in various modern designs

• The square design allows simple installati-on flush to the ground in all paved surfaces

• Load class A and B according to the DIN EN 1433 standard

Accessories::1. HUNO® WurzelStern®

2. HUNO® Concrete plate for one piece cap 3. HUNO® Ground anchor (robust steel wire)

HUNO® Water and Air Cap

One piece with stainless steel

150

84

85

115

DN 80-100

Ventilation and irrigation pipe in DN 80 or 100

Stainless steel grid

HUNO® Water and Air Cap (cast aluminium body)

Concrete plate

HUNO® Ground anchor

Ventilation and irrigation pipe in DN 80 or 100

Stainless steel grid

HUNO® Water and Air Cap (cast aluminium body)


5959.02

HUNO® Water and Air CapHeight-adjustable with stainless steel grid

This aluminium cast cap has been thoughtfully and innova-tively designed and its variable height adjustment makes it fast and easy to install. By simply rotating one of the two cap parts, the installation height can be continuously adjusted from 100 up to 220 mm. The new HUNO® Water and Air cap can thus be flexibly adjusted to match your individual architectural qualities.

The advantages:• Continuous height adjustment (20 mm per rotation)

• Can be combined with conventional pipes in the sizes DN 80 and DN 100

• Facilitates demand-driven irrigation

• Suitable for all Tree Pit Construction Ty-pes and all tree pit volumes

• Can be connected to deep aeration systems

• Available as a system in conjunction with the HUNO® WurzelStern®

• Solid cast aluminium body

• Stainless steel grid made of 3 mm non-corrosive stainless steel, surface polished or glass-bead blas-ted and available in various modern designs

• The square design enables simplified installati-on flush to the ground in all paved surfaces


265

100

- 2

20

DN 80-100

98

160

20 mm per rotation

38 Root Care

Fig.1 Laying the supply lines Fig. 2 Setting the height

Fig. 3 Alignment of the head

Fig. 5 The thread provides additional stability Fig. 6 The installed cap with its stainless steel grid

Fig. 4 Covering with geotextile

Installation of a height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air cap in conjunction with a Quadro-3 Subsurface Grille


5959.05

HUNO® Deep Aeration

Cost-effective with commercially-available KG/PVC pipe

PVC PipeDN / OD 110

The design of the height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air cap allows this to be adapted to suit cost-effective KG pipes according to the DIN EN 1401 standard with DN/OD 110 single-sided plug-in sleeves to achieve deep aeration in ac-cordance with FLL guidelines. In this way, multiple costs can be saved in an instant. A conventional KG pipe can be sourced cost-effectively from your local building distributor, leaving only the relatively small and light cap to be ordered and delivered from us.

The advantages:• Continuous height adjustment (20

mm per rotation) to accommo-date different surface levels

• Use of commercially-available KG pipes made from PVC-U according to the DIN EN 1401 standard with DN/OD 110 single-sided plug-in sleeves

• Suitable for all Tree Pit Construc-tion Types and all tree pit volumes

• Sturdy cast aluminium body

• Stainless steel grid made from 3 mm non-corrosive stainless steel

• The square design allows easy in-stallation in all paved surfaces


Soak-away gravel / lava stone

HUNO® Deep Aeration in accordance with FLL guidelines with perforated or slotted pipes and ground anchor to prevent vandalism


30-1

50m

m

265m

m

40 Root Ventilation Bollards

HUNO® Root Ventilation BollardNo more clogged supply systems

Possibilities and potential for improvement can be foand in all products, no mat-ter how good. Insuffi cient care can quickly lead to blockages in the vent caps so that irrigation and the soil-air gas exchange is no longer possible. The re-movable root ventilation bollard was developed for this very reason and of-fers a combination of protective properties for people and plants.

The hollow steel/aluminium tube bollard is designed in an appealing manner and its aluminium cast head is equipped with special ventilation openings on the side, through which the soil-air gas exchange takes place. It is practically impossible for this system to clog. The ground sleeve can be connected with root supply lines or a deep borehole.

Thanks to our many years of experience in the area of street furniture, we are in a position to provide you with a turnkey solution for almost every situa-tion you may encounter. Simply visit our website at: www.humberg-guss.de

The advantages:• Ideal for connecting different tree pits together• Steel pipe construction, hot-dip galvanised accord-

ing to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard• For existing trees and new plantings• For connection to deep aeration systems • Available in different designs and models• Available in all RAL colours on request

Removable root ventilation bollards in a variety of designs

Railing with root ventilation function

Deep aeration

Grass bollards to protect planting beds, trunk and roots

40 Root Ventilation Bollards Root Ventilation Bollards 41

Height above ground • Bollard: 900 mm • Gras bollard: 400 mm

Material• Steel pipe S235JR (EN 10 027-1), hot-dip galvanised• Aluminium tube, powder-coated• Aluminium cast

Surface fi nisha) hot-dip galvanisedb) hot-dip galvanised and powder-coated, black

micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructurec) hot-dip galvanised and powder-coa-

ted, RAL colour as requested

For new plantings and existing trees – Combinable with all pipe systems to extend the ventilated root zone

Classic I Nottuln Rosendahl I Parc Paris Wilhelmshafen

Ø100

900

400

400

400

Gras bollard Bollard

Bollard designs*

* Fur ther designs available on request or at www.humberg-guss.de

42 Subsurface Tree Grilles

Subsurface Tree Grilles

In cities, tree pits are not just a site for a tree. In addition, they must also meet the requirements set for traffic areas and parking spaces, public places and pedestrian zones.

The HUMBERG Subsurface Tree Grilles in the Quadro series are practically invisible to the observer after installation. They make a vital contribution to providing lasting protection to the root zone of urban trees and are suited to ensuring species-typical development and vitality right through to an advanced age.

All our steel constructions are manufactured from S235JR, hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard and are available in many different sizes and models. This makes them suitable for all common trees and tree sizes.

Our Subsurface Tree Grilles are able to discharge heavy traffic loads into the subsurface without compacting the soil. This is achieved by the redistribution of impacting surface tension forces onto individual support feet or a concrete foundation, which absorb the forces of lateral road pressure thus protecting the trees’ sensitive root zone against soil compaction.

This ensures that the tree receives a sufficient supply of oxygen and water over the long term and simultaneously prevents surfaces or path coverings from settling in the area of the underground tree pit. All Subsurface Tree Grilles are available with concrete foundations or steel support feet foundations.

HUMBERG Subsurface Tree Grilles are available in two load classes::

1,5T wheel load*

• Light-weight model for pedestrians and passenger car loads

1,5T wheel load*

• Suitable to be driven over by emergency vehicles or other commercial vehicles

Advantages:• Ideal integration of trees in newly-

designed areas, open spaces

• Low cleaning costs

• Use of area close to the tree trunk

• Suitable for all tree and bale sizes

• The practical solution when relocating large trees

• Welded and/or bolted sectional steel structure, pre-assembled at the factory, available in one-piece or in multiple parts

• Multiple-part models suitable for subsequent installation around the sensitive root zone of existing trees if pavements or paths must be fortified

• Use of all substrates, also suitable for layered substrate structure (upper and lower substrate)

• For construction types I and II of the FLL recommendations (German Landscape Research, Development and Construction Society) for planting trees.

• Provides optimal ventilation for the tree pit and the root zone

• Compatible with trench and deep aeration

• Expandable to fit all tree sizes and suitable for tree pits with depths of up to 1.5 m; other tree pit depths available on request

• Depending on the model, available with variable inner segments for adjusting in accordance with increases in thickness of the trunk

• On customer request available with adjustable paving support frame

5,0T

1,0T

* max. static wheel load (unbraked)

42 Subsurface Tree Grilles Subsurface Tree Grilles 43

max. root bale-Ø

Qua

dro

- 1

One piece welded, easy installation 46

+ For new tree plantings

+ Welded, one-piece steel construction

+ No assembly – easy installation

+ Root bale-Ø up to 100 cm

L The root bale may not exceed the size of the planting hole!

Qua

dro

- 2

Multiple parts, very large planting hole 48

+ Multiple parts, very large planting hole

+ Suitable for existing trees and new tree plantings

+ Multiple parts, welded and bolted steel construction. Easy assembly!

L For trees with a root-bale diameter of up to 2 m

Qua

dro

- 3

Multiple parts, bolted 50

+ Suitable for existing tree and new tree plantings

+ Multiple parts, welded & bolted steel construction

L Paving / path surface can be positioned very close to the base of the tree!

Qua

dro

- 4

Including Tree Grille 52

+ Suitable for existing tree and new tree plantings

+ Multiple parts, welded and bolted steel construction

+ root bale-Ø up to 150 cm

L Planting and paving can be carried out at different times!

Quadro – The Subsurface Tree GrilleThe solution for new tree plantations and existing trees

max. root bale-Ø

max. root bale-Ø

max. root bale-Ø


Quadro – The Subsurface Tree GrilleFoundations and Accessories

Foundations and foundation options

1. Steel foundation footing (welded):

For positioning on concrete foun-dations prepared on-site or on a base layer prepared on-site.

+ Easy transportation

+ Quick installation

+ Special sizes are possible with only minor addi-tional expenditure

2. Reinforced concrete- prefabricated foundations

a) One piece (for new tree plantings)

b) Two or multiple parts (suitable for new tree plantings and existing trees)

+ Optimal absorption of late-ral street pressures

+ Reduced construction time

+ Drying times are eliminated

Substrate separator (included in the scope of delivery)

1. Geotextile and steel mesh (zinc-coated)

The upper end of the tree area and the base for all subsequent paving work

+ Min. 50 years stabili-ty in the ground/soil

+ Vylene-composite ma-terial with pressure-resistant grid core sheets

2. Lateral woven wire mesh

A woven wire mesh made of untre-ated steel wire serves to separate the plant substrate and the sur-rounding soil during installation.

+ Will yield to root growth due to corrosion

L No absorption of la-teral pressures!

Paving support frame

1. Solid paving support frame

Included in the scope of delivery

+ Robust, hot-dip galvani-sed 5 mm steel section

2. Adjustable paving support frame

A separate component makes it possible to align the level of the ground covering with the subsurface grille using screws

+ Uncomplicated assembly

+ Adaptable to suit different construction situations

Afzelia

SCHWETZINGENSubsurface Tree Grille QUADRO-3


AB85

0

46 Quadro-1

Quadro-1One piece welded

5923.01

A BWeight at wheel

load of 1,5TWeight at wheel

load of 5,0T

1. 1500 mm 700 mm / 800mm 180 kg / 170 kg 220 kg / 210 kg

2. 1700 mm 700 mm 200 kg 240 kg

3. 1800 mm 800 mm 220 kg 252 kg

4. 2000 mm 800 mm 245 kg 280 kg

5. 2200 mm 800 mm / 1000 mm 260 kg / 240 kg 310 kg / 290 kg

6. 2500 mm 800 mm 300 kg 350 kg

Steel mesh

Surface paving (on site)

Paving support frame (150 mm high)

Pavement bed (on site)

Welded steel feet (customised lengths

are possible)

Foundations(on site)

Geotextile

Irrigation kit including height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap

Substrate separator

46 Quadro-1 Quadro-1 47

Cost-effective solution for new tree plantings for root bales with diameters of up to 100 cm

• Simple, quick assembly

• Root bale up to a max. Ø of 100 cm can be planted through the aperture

• Planted in the prepared pit in a matter of minutes

• Cost-effective construction without screw connections

• Available on request with adjustable paving support frame

• Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)

Models (foundation options)1. Including welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foundations constructed on siteb) Base layer constructed on site

2. Including one-part or multiple-part concrete foundations to absorb lateral street pressures

Scope of delivery• One-part sectional steel structure,

hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Fasteners (screws, washers, screw anchors etc.)

• Geotextile and steel mesh (zinc-coated)

• Substrate separator depending on installation situation (woven wire mesh, steel mesh or root protective fi lm)

• Irrigation system (including drainage pipe and height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap)

A

B

C85

0

48 Quadro-2

Quadro-2Outer frame with removable inner segment

5923.02

A B CWeight at wheel load

Weight at wheel load

1. 1500 mm 1500 mm 700 mm 230 kg 250 kg

2. 1800 mm 1800 mm 700 mm 280 kg 300 kg

3. 2000 mm 2000 mm 800 mm 350 kg 380 kg

Steel meshPavement bed(on site)


Inner segmentPaving support frame (hier 150 mm hoch)

Welded steel feetFoundation(on site)

Irrigation kit including height-adjustable HUNO® Irrigation kit including

Substrate separator


• For large trees with root bale with diameters of up to 2 m

• Outer frame with steel support feet

• Insertable inner segment, self-supporting

• Tree planting can be undertaken at the same time as paving work

• On request available with adjustable paving support frame

• Models for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)

Variable protection for new tree plantings and existing trees – ideal for designing open spaces

Models (foundation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foundations constructed on siteb) Base layer constructed on site


3. Without feet, with on-site founda-tions to protect existing trees

Scope of delivery• Multiple parts bolted, sectional steel

structure (inner segments and outer frame), hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard


• Irrigation kit (including drainage pipe and height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap)



A

850

BC

50 Quadro-3

Quadro-3With a removable inner segment

5923.03

A B CWeight at wheel

load of 1,5TWeight at wheel

load of 5,0T

1. 2200 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 340 kg 390 kg

2. 2500 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 480 kg 540 kg

3. 3000 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 640 kg 700 kg

Steel meshand Geotextile

Surface paving (on site) Paving support frame (hier 150 mm hoch)

Multiple-part foundation ringwith openings for root penetration (Optional)


Irrigation kit including height-adjustable

HUNO® Water and Air Cap


• For trees with a root bale with a diameter of up to 1.5 m

• Self-supporting, removable inner segment, can be paved over up close to the neck of the tree

• Tree planting can be undertaken at the same time as paving work

• Available on request with adjustable paving support frame

• Optimal solution for existing trees

• Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks)

For trees with a bigger root bale diameter – the optimal solution for existing trees



Scope of delivery• Multiple parts bolted, sectional steel

structure, hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard


• Irrigation kit (including drainage pipe and height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap)



A

850

B

52 Quadro-4

Quadro-4Including Self-Supporting Tree Grille

5923.04

A B1,0T wheel load

(Weight plus grille)5,0T wheel load

(Weight plus grille)

1. 2200 mm 1500 mm 320 kg 410 kg

2. 2500 mm 1500 mm 400 kg 470 kg

3. 3000 mm 1500 mm 520 kg 590 kg

Steel mesh

Surface paving (on site)Self-supporting Tree Grille

(here our Ambio design) for a wheel load of up to 5Tload,

Welded steel feet

Foundations(on site)

Geotextile


Irrigation kit including height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap


• For trees with a root bale of up to 1.5 m Ø – deployable for new tree plantings and for existing trees

• Large root zone with optimal soil respiration

• Optimal supply of water and nutrients to the root system

• A wide range of tree grilles

• Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks)

Protected trunk neck and additional free root space created by the tree grille



Scope of delivery• Multi-part bolted sectional steel

structure, hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Choice of tree grille


• Irrigation kit (Including drainage pipe and height-adjustable HUNO® Water and Air Cap)




Welded steel feet

Quadro-PLUS

Steel mesh and Geotextile

54 Unterflur-Baumrost Quadro-PLUS

The Quadro-Plus is an add-on module for all tree protection grilles in the Quadro series and can be individually tailored to suit your requirements. It is bolted and in each case expands the respective sub-surface grille by approx. 0.5 m for a wheel load of 5T and 0.75 m for a wheel load of 1.5T.

• Ideal for linking tree pits together

• Sectional steel structure, hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Suitable for one-sided protection of trees on cycle paths and in car parks

• Ideal to integrate existing trees in developments

• Can also be deployed in conjunction with strip foundations

• Ideal to achieve an asymmetrical expansion of the root zone

Quadro-PLUSRoot bridge add-on module

5923.05

HUNO® Water and Air Cap with stainless steel lid

Quadro-4 with Tree Grille Alea

Quadro-PLUS

Foundations (on site)

54 Unterflur-Baumrost Quadro-PLUS Unterflur-Baumrost Quadro-PLUS 55

Combinable with all Quadro models for cost-effective extension of the plant room

Models (foundation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:

a) Foundations constructed on site

b) Base layer constructed on site


Scope of delivery• Welded sectional steel structure,




• Substrate separator depending on installation situation (woven wire mesh, steel mesh or root protective film)


Berlin – Trainstation SüdkreuzSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-3

Trainstation Südkreuz – BERLINSubsurface Tree Grille QUADRO-3



Schweinfurt – SchillerplatzSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-2

Schillerplatz – SCHWEINFURTSubsurface Tree Grille QUADRO-2



Schwetzingen – SchlossplatzSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-3

Schlossplatz – SCHWETZINGENSubsurface Tree Grille QUADRO-3


Woody Allen

to f gure out how to get the bark on.- probably because it’s so hard

“only God can make a tree”

As the poet said,


Munich – SimmernschoolSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-4-Bavaria, In cooperation with the City of Munich

Fig. 1 Insertion into the tree pit after screw connection

Fig. 3 Overlay / cover with expanded metal and Geotextile

Fig. 2 Aligning the HUNO® water and air cap

Fig. 4 Completion of paving and planting the tree Fig. 5 The completed tree sites with flat-bar steel tree grille

To celebrate the 100-year anniversary of the se-condary school on Simmernstraße in Munich, it was decided to plant new trees. In close coopera-tion with the Local Department for Landscaping, our HUMBERG Quadro-4 was optimally adapted to meet the specific requirements of the Munich Gravel Plane in line with the ZTV-Vegtra Mü.

The project partners were delighted by the ease of installation and the positive cost/benefit ratio of the solution lending this project a role model character. Here the ideal technical solution was developed to lay different path surfaces and layer thicknesses close to the trunk.

Woody Allen

to f gure out how to get the bark on.- probably because it’s so hard

“only God can make a tree”

As the poet said,


64 Root Protection Bridges 64 Root Protection Bridges

Root Protection Bridges

The Radix Root Protection Bridge System creates additional space for controlled root growth and thus protects valuable old tree populations. At the same time, damages to paving and supply lines are avoided because courtesy of the additional space the roots are diverted away from these sensitive zones.

Radix prevents soil compaction. In addition, sur-face tension forces that could damage the soil and the sensitive root system are directed away from the roots, which in turn ensures long-term oxygen supply to the sensitive root zones.

Every tree is a unique living organism, which leads to each different location displaying very individual characteristics. This uniqueness must be taken into account in all planning. Prior to the commence-ment of work, the historical, cultural and emotion-al value of the trees to be protected must be de-termined by an independent expert. This expert examines the physical condition (inspection of the tree) and determines its intrinsic value. After that, the economical aspects of the proposed measures must be discussed and the general public informed about the planned measures.

Following realisation of the measures, the tree roots will be able to embed and expand in the substrate layer provided, thus ensuring that the tree enjoys an optimal supply of water, nutrients and oxygen in addition to high stability.

The Radix Root Protection Bridges are available for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks), thus complying with the load classes for DIN EN 124/1229 as well as DIN 1072 “Roads and road bridges; load assumptions”.

Naturally, our experienced construction and pro-duction team we can also manufacture to accom-modate higher load classes.

64 Root Protection Bridges Root Protection Bridges 65 64 Root Protection Bridges

Wallenhorst, OSNABRÜCKRoot Protection Bridge Radix

Models (foundation options)1. Including variable steel feet foundations to

provide optimal conservation of the tree roots

2. Including concrete foundation plates or strip foundations prepared on-site

Scope of delivery• Welded sectional steel structure,



• Substrate separator depending on in-stallation situation (woven wire mesh, steel mesh, root-protective foil etc.)


RadixRoot Protection Bridge

5923.06


concrete foundation tile (on site)

Steel mesh

Radix

• Ideal for designing avenues

• Ideal for integrating existing trees in new developments

• Optimal to achieve an asymmetrical extension of root zone

• Models for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)


The solution for new tree plantings and existing trees

Geotextile

Radix

Frankfurt on the MainGoethe University – Campus Westend



Goethe University – FRANKFURT ON THE MAINRoot Protection Bridge RADIX

Community of Wallenhorst, OsnabrückRedevelopment of the curch surroundings at the Old Pyer Churchlane



Community of Wallenhorst – OSNABRÜCKRoot Protection Bridge RADIX

72 Tree Grilles

Tree Grilles

Urban trees require special protection in order to ensure their long-term well-being. Next to suf-ficient water and oxygen, the prevention of soil compaction and the diversion of pressure away from the root zone is a prerequisite for healthy tree growth.

The Tree Grilles in our ARBORIS series, which were presented with the red dot design award 2010, not only protect the root zone of urban trees against soil compaction caused by vehicles, but also offer additional protection for pedestrians thanks to their specially developed slip-resistant structure.

The grooves that are visible on the surface – HUM-BERG’s patented anti-slip protection – are pro-duced during the manufacturing process.

The patented design blends in harmoniously with the overall appearance of the tree grilles and elimi-nates the necessity for slip-resistant materials to be applied subsequently. ARBORIS thereby links im-portant safety aspects for tree and man with high demands with regard to quality and aesthetics.

Support framesYou can choose between three support frame models for all our tree grilles:

1. Standard grille frame for wheel loads of up to 1.5T for pedestrian and light vehicle load, in two parts bolted

2. Support frame with welded pav-ing support frame for wheel loads of up to 5T, in two parts bolted

3. Support frame with separate outer frame, for wheel loads of up to 5T. In-cluding a removable support frame for trees with very large root bales.

Reinforced concrete foundationAll reinforced concrete foundation rings are man-ufactured from C35/45, and are available in round or square and in one part of multiple parts.

1. Light tree grille frame for wheel loads of up to 1.5T

2. Suppor t frame for wheel loads of up to

5T Including welded paving suppor t frame

3. Suppor t frame for wheel loads up to 5T

Including separate outer frame

Laser Grilles 98

72 Tree Grilles Tree Grilles 73

Cast Iron Grille Series – ARBORIS 76

Aluminium Cast Grille – AERO 94

Laser Grilles 98

Gratings 88

74 Tragkonstruktionen

Support frames

1. Light tree grille frame for wheel loads of up to 1.5T 2. Support frame for wheel loads of up to 5T Including welded paving support frame

Wheel load • up to 5T

Paving support frame: • After paving, trees can only be

planted through the aperture of the support frame

Material• Parts bolted, hot-dip galvanised

according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Including one-part or multiple- part concrete foundations to absorb lateral street pressures

Wheel load • up to 1,5T

Paving support frame• Planting and paving can be carried out at differ-

ent times (after paving, trees can only be planted through the aperture of the support frame)

Material• Parts bolted, sectional steel structure (inner seg-

ments and outer frame), hot-dip galvanised accor-ding to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Including one-part or multiple-part concrete foun-dations to absorb lateral street pressures

74 Tragkonstruktionen Tragkonstruktionen 75

3. Support frame for wheel loads up to 5T Including separate outer frame


Inner and outer Support frame• Planting and paving can be carried out at differ-

ent times (after paving, trees can only be planted through the aperture of the support frame)

• Inner support frame can be removed and dismantled

• Even after the path surface has been paved, it is pos-sible to plant large trees with root bales that are larg-er than the inner aperture of the tree grille.

Material• Parts bolted, sectional steel structure (inner seg-

ments and outer frame), hot-dip galvanised accor-ding to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

2. Support frame for wheel loads of up to 5T Including welded paving support frame


Paving support frame: • After paving, trees can only be

planted through the aperture of the support frame

Material• Parts bolted, hot-dip galvanised

according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Including one-part or multiple- part concrete foundations to absorb lateral street pressures

Secure substructure and stability to suit all requirements, 3 solutions for all HUMBERG Tree Grilles

76 ARBORIS tree grille series

tions according to the DIN 51130 standard on a » sloped surface« using special engine oil on the surface with test persons. To achieve R10, the test person must walk safely along the surface to be tested with an incline of at least 10 –19° using standard shoes. The test surface in AMELLUS® design achieved this effortlessly reaching an aver-age value of 16.8°.

The prestigious building materials testing insti-tute, Baustoffprüfstelle Wismar (Germany), sub-sequently tested the displacement volume of the surface. This determines the amount of liquid in cm3 that the surface can displace at a minimum. This far exceeded the requirements by achieving V10 – the highest possible value.

Consequently, ARBORIS® tree grilles are the only grey cast iron tree grilles on the German market that have proven to fulfil the modern an-ti-slip requirements in accordance with BGR 181.

ARBORIS®

Trees are of vital importance for the design of urban habitats and people’s well-being. Howev-er, due to the difficult conditions in cities, urban trees require special protection systems to guar-antee their long-term health.

The tree grilles in the ARBORIS series unite in-novative protective mechanisms for people and trees with high-quality workmanship and clear design.

These cast-iron tree grilles are self-supporting and not only protect the root zone of urban trees against soil compaction caused by vehicles, but also offer additional protection for pedes-trians thanks to their specially developed slip-resistant structure.

The grooves that are visible on the surface – HUMBERG’s patented anti-slip protection – form part of the individual designs and are cre-ated during the sand-casting process. They blend in harmoniously with the overall appearance of the tree grille and eliminate the necessity to ap-ply slip-resistant material at a later stage.

Accordingly, the HUMBERG’s ARBORIS tree grille series combines highest quality and aes-thetic standards with modern safety require-ments. Their functionality, ecological compat-ibility, sustainability and design immediately convinced the international jury that bestows the red dot design award, leading to our winning the internationally-prestigious award for the ARBO-RIS series in 2010.

According to the » Code of practice for floors in work rooms and work areas with high risk of slipping « (BGR 181) issued by the German Em-ployers’ Liability Insurance Association, opera-tional outdoor pathways must fulfil requirements with respect to slip resistance for the assessment group R10 V4 and higher.

Hitherto, it has been difficult for cast metal sur-faces to achieve such a level. To test this, slip re-sistance was measured under laboratory condi-

76 ARBORIS tree grille series ARBORIS tree grille series 77

The copyrighted designs with slip resistant surfaces - HUMBERG anti-slip protection (DBGM)


59100 Alea®

Sizes* / Inner aperture/ Weight1500 x 1500 mm / 700 x 700 mm / ca. 288 kg 2000 x 2000 mm / 800 x 800 mm / ca. 355 kg

MaterialCast iron (GG 25, according to the DIN EN 1561 standard)

Wheel load1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks)

Surface fi nishesVarnished (standard colour: black, matt) CDP (cathodic dip-paint) coating (on request)

Scope of delivery1. Tree Grille, 2. Support frame (see page 74)3. Reinforced concrete foundation, 4. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)

* Fur ther sizes available on request


59101Amellus®

Sizes* / Inner aperture/ Weight1500 x 1500 mm / ø 700 mm / ca. 292 kg 2000 x 2000 mm / ø 800 mm / ca. 375 kg



Surface fi nishesVarnished (standard colour: black, matt)

CDP (cathodic dip-paint) coating (on request)

Scope of delivery1. Tree Grille, 2. Support frame (see page 74)

3. Reinforced concrete foundation, 4. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)



59102 Folium®





Scope of delivery1. Tree Grille, 2. Support frame (see page 74), 3. Reinforced concrete foundation, 4. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)



Joha

nn W

olfg

ang

von

Goe

the

(174

9–18

32)All theory,

dear friend, is gray, but the golden tree of life springs ever

green.


Corona®59103








59108Corona®-R

Sizes* / Inner aperture/ Weightø 1500 mm / ø 700 mm / ca. 170 kg ø 2000 mm / ø 800 mm / ca. 280 kg





Scope of delivery1. Tree Grille, 2. Support frame (see page 74),

3. Reinforced concrete foundation, Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)



59104 Molea®



wheel load1,0T (cars) oder 5,0T (trucks)





59109Molea®-R

Sizes* / Inner aperture/ Weightø 1500 mm / ø 700 mm / ca. 180 kg ø 2000 mm / ø 800 mm / ca. 300 kg














59105 Lumen®



Ambio® 59106









88 Gratings

Gratings

The Orbis and Clatri grid series in round and square impress with their purist design and top-class workmanship and are available in two diffe-rent design alternatives:

1. Linear optic (with flat-bar steel edge)2. Grid optic

Gratings lend a modern touch for they blend in harmoniously and discreetly in public spaces thanks to their sophisticated lines.

All our zinc-coated gratings are supplied with sup-port frames consisting of an outer and an inner support frame, which sit on a one or multiple-part concrete foundation.

The impacting surface tension forces are diverted away from the sensitive roots through the support frame and thus the root zones of newly-planted trees and existing trees are protected against soil compaction. In addition, the open top-side of the grid provides optimal conditions for soil respirati-on and irrigation. This ensures adequate supply of oxygen and water to the soil over the long term and thereby creates the conditions for healthy growth of the urban tree.

On request, we can also supply our gratings in stainless steel or with a slip-resistant profile, the-reby providing additional protection for pedest-rians.

1.

2.

1.

2.

SCHWETZINGENGrating CLATRI

88 Gratings Gratings 89

90 Gratings

OrbisRound Grating

5931

A B C1,5T

wheel load5T

wheel load

1. 1500 mm 600 mm 300 mm 550 kg 800 kg

2. 1800 mm 700 mm 300 mm 650 kg 950 kg

3. 2000 mm 800 mm 300 mm 780 kg 1150 kg

4. 2500 mm 800 mm 300 mm 1000 kg 1400 kg

B

C

A

Scope of delivery• Concrete foundation, one

part or multiple parts• Outer frame

• Support frame, several parts, bolted• Round grid in two parts• Fasteners (Screws, screw-nuts, washers etc.)

Grating (in two par ts) with 33 / 33 mm par tition for inser ting

Outer frame, multiple par ts

SubstructureMultiple par ts, bolted

Concrete foundation ring, one par t or

multiple par ts


360° Technical precision and clear contours

Advantages at a glance:• Two-part grid made of sectional steel (S235JR), linear or grid optic, hot-

dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Multi-part sectional steel construction (S235JR), hot-dip galvanised accor-ding to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard (removable for planting large bales)

• One part of multiple part concrete foundation ring (C30 / 37)

• High structural quality through resilient and consistent meshing

• Fast and easy assembly

• Cost-effective solution

• Very good soil respiration, optimal supply of water and nutrients for the root system

• Deployable to extend accessible areas and seamless pedestrian crossings

• Also available on request in stainless steel and slip resistant

92 Gratings

ClatriSquare Grating

5933

C

B

A

Scope of delivery• Concrete foundation, one

part or multiple parts• Outer frame

• Support frame, several parts, bolted• Round grid in two parts• Fasteners (Screws, screw-nuts, washers etc.)

A B C1,5T

wheel load5T

wheel load

1. 1500 mm 600 mm 300 mm 700 kg 900 kg

2. 1800 mm 700 mm 300 mm 900 kg 1200 kg

3. 2000 mm 800 mm 300 mm 1000 kg 1350 kg

4. 2500 mm 800 mm 300 mm 1300 kg 1700 kg


Linear Structure and Formal Functionality

Advantages at a glance:• Two-part grid made of sectional steel (S235JR), linear or grid optic, hot-

dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

• Multiple-part sectional steel construction (S235JR), hot-dip galvanised accord-ing to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard (for planting large bales removable)

• One part of multiple-part concrete foundation ring (C30 / 37)

• High structural quality courtesy of sturdy and even meshing

• Fast and easy assembly

• Cost-effective solution

• Very good soil respiration, optimal supply of water and nutrients for the root system

• Utilisable to extend accessible areas and seamless pedestrian crossings

• Also available on request in stainless steel and slip resistant

Grating (in two par ts) with 33 / 33 mm par tition for inser ting

Outer frame, multiple par tsConcrete foundation

ring, one par t or multiple par ts

SubstructureMultiple par ts, bolted

Built-in light (optional)

94 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO 94 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO

Aluminium Cast Grille – AERO

High-quality materials and functional design merge to form a timeless aesthetic.

The six-part Aluminium Cast Grille Aero is not only designed for use outdoors, but is also well suited for use indoors and helps underline the ar-chitectural concept for instance in shopping cen-tres.

The aluminium cast grilles manufactured by us are made of the weather-proof and corrosion-resistant alloy G AL Si 12 and are therefore ideally suited for outdoor use.

In comparison to other products available on the market, in which aluminium profiles are connect-ed by threaded rots, the Aero product is literally cast in one piece – something which commands a decisive quality advantage and leads to greater stability and durability.

The Aero impresses in particular with its modern design and improved material-related handling which facilitates quick installation.

The special, slip-resistant design provides addi-tional protection for pedestrians.

The scope of delivery of the AERO grilles includes – as do all HUMBERG tree grilles – a multiple-part support frame specially tailored to the wheel load, a grille frame with paving support frame, a rein-forced concrete foundation and all the required fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.).

Surface area grilles protect against soil compac-tion and the largely open surface structure also facilitates optimal gas exchange for the tree.

80x80cm

2 m

2 m

94 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO Baumschutz-Rost – AERO 95 94 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO

Dimensions / Aperture2000 x 2000 mm / 800 x 800 mm

MaterialCast aluminium (G AL Si 12)

wheel load1,0T (cars) oder 5,0T (trucks)

Surface finishesa) Plain aluminium

b) Glass-bead blasted c) Powder-coated

Scope of delivery1. Tree Grille AERO (six-part), 2. Support frame,

3. Reinforced concrete foundation, 4. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts, screw anchors etc.)

59210Aero

96 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO 96 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO

Starting with the basic module (990 x 590 mm), the Aero grille can be expanded in increments of 590 mm or can be used as a pure surface area grille without the 80 x 80 cm tree aperture.

Surface area grilles represent an excellent addi-tion and alternative to conventional tree grilles and expand the protected root area with open and self-supporting covering options. They are used, for instance, when existing car parks or traffic ar-eas are upgraded at a later stage to protect the root zone of existing trees against soil compaction. Furthermore, installation is also recommended for newly-created tree sites if, for example, only one side borders a traffic area and the root zone needs to be protected against soil compaction in this area.

Our surface area grilles can be adapted flexibly to the individual local conditions and can also be asymmetrically arranged to make ideal use of the space available.

The main difference to conventional tree grilles is that they do not have a separate slot for the tree trunk, but rather can be placed around the trunk as required so as to ensure a sufficiently large tree bed aperture.

The Aero surface area grille not only protects the roots against compaction, but also allows optimal gas exchange thanks to its largely open design. The integrated steel substructure, in combination with the one or multiple-part concrete foundations, di-verts impacting surface tension forces away from the sensitive roots.

The Aero surface area grille with substructure is suitable for Tree Pit Construction types I and II.

Aero Surface Area Grille

2000

3180

96 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO Baumschutz-Rost – AERO 97 96 Baumschutz-Rost – AERO

Variable assembly and designOne system for all tree sites

2000 mm

2970

mm

98 Laser Grilles

Laser Grilles

Tree protection grilles manufactured using la-ser-cutting techniques are always chosen when you require a product that is optimally tailored to your requirements and quantities in small or smallest series production levels. Consequently, we will manufacture even one individual disk in accordance with your requirements.

There are many reasons for deploying laser grilles:

• You want to realise your own design, which is tailored to the layout of your site

• A listed paved surface may not be altered and specific specifications must be met

• Existing trees are located off-centre and you would like to have the opportuni-ty to adjust each tree grille individually, while nonetheless achieving a harmo-nious and uniform overall appearance

• Deployment of special materi-als such as Cor-Ten-Steel

In all of the above instances, a tree grille manu-factured using the most modern laser technology is the ideal and often the most cost-effective so-lution.

Each of our disks can be individually manufactu-red for you using various different steel grades and come equipped with a sturdy support frame made of sectional steel, so that, depending on the model, it is possible for cars and also trucks to drive over the surfaces.

Of course, it is also possible to combine laser gril-les with other tree protection products, for ex-ample subsurface tree grilles.

Simply send us your individual design or select one from our range and we will be happy to make you a non-binding personal offer.

98 Laser Grilles Laser Grilles 99

Highest precision assisted by state-of-the-art production technology to realise your creative ideas.

100 Laser Grilles

1. Wheel load

O 1,5T (car) O 5,0T (truck)

5 t1,5 t

2. Size and shape = Prefabricated foundation dimensions

O Ø1500 mm O Ø1800 mm O Ø2000 mm O Ø2500 mm O Ø3000 mm

O 1500 x 1500 mm O 1800 x 1800 mm O 2000 x 2000 mm O 2500 x 2500 mm O 3000 x 3000 mm

3. Art and Dimensions der Baumöffnung

O Round (Ø400 – Ø1000 mm) O Square (400 x 400 – 1000 x 1000 mm) O Free style (nach Zeichnung) O Without tree aperture (as a root bridge or surface grille)

4. Material

O Steel, S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1) O Cor-Ten-Steel, rust-coloured surface O Stainless steel, 1.4301, surface blasted

6. Surface finish and colour (depending on the material)

O Hot-dip galvanised O Hot-dip galvanised and equipped with slip-resistant coating O Grounded and powder-coated in RAL colour as requested

7. Accessories

O Lighting O Irrigation lid (aluminium cast or steel)

The Tree Grille of the futureThe solution for new plantings and existing trees

The size and shape of a laser grille is equivalent to the outside diameter of the corresponding prefa-bricated foundations and is available in round or square shapes. The laser grilles are two or multip-le part, removable bolted together. The tree grille frames have a paving support frame.

The scope of delivery includes:• Laser grille with support frame

(round or square)• Reinforced concrete foundati-

on with road surface edge• Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)


O Diagonal stripes (Fig. with diamond-shaped tree opening)

O Radial design (Fig. with round/circular tree opening)

8. Design (others on request or depending on customer requirements)

O Round / square holes (Available in variable dimensions and diameters)

O Horizontal stripes (Quantity and width of stripes variable)

O Mix of letters (Fig. with oval tree aperture)

O Leaf design (Fig. with round/circular tree aperture)

102 Laser Grilles

Molea®-L (Nr.: 59304)

Basic dimensions*• Ø 1500 mm• Ø 2000 mm

Materials• Steel, S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1)• Cor-Ten-Steel, rust-coloured surface• Stainless steel, 1.4301, surface blasted

Surface finishesa) Hot-dip galvanised b) Hot-dip galvanised and equipped with slip-resistant coating

Scope of delivery (depending on the model)1. Laser grille with Support frame 2. Reinforced concrete foundation 3. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts, screw anchors etc.)

* Fur ther sizes and all ARBORIS Designs available on request

Alea®-L (Nr.: 59300)

59306 Ambio®-L


UNIVERSITY OF DUSSELDORFLaser grille Ambio®-L with slip-resistant coating

104 Laser Grilles

59320 Sorbus®-L

Basic dimensions*• 1500 x 1500 mm• 2000 x 2000 mm


Surface fi nishesa) Hot-dip galvanised b) Hot-dip galvanised and with slip-resistant coating

Scope of delivery (depending on the model)1. Laser grille with Support frame2. Reinforced concrete foundation 3. Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts, screw anchors etc.)



Grille System – Fraxinus® 59350

The Fraxinus® surface area grille system features an impressive uniform surface design, which can be individually tailored to suit your requirements. It consists of laser-manufactured steel plates with design elements in a grid arrangement.

A uniform surface design is achieved by the indi-vidual perforated pattern, formed from a basic el-ement which is then transferred onto the desired surface area without offset.

You can provide us with your own basic pattern and also refer to existing designs. Our highly-eco-nomical manufacturing process allows us to manu-facture even one individual disk.


Surface finishesa) Hot-dip galvanised b) Hot-dip galvanised and with and

with slip-resistant coating

Im Scope of delivery enthalten• Laser grille Fraxinus with Support frame• Reinforced concrete foundation• Fasteners (screws, screw-nuts etc.)

Cor-Ten-Steel Laser grille

106 Laser Grilles

Zurich – BahnhofstrasseNew Protection for Roadside Trees

Fig. 1 Lower Bahnhofstrasse around 1920

The 1.4 km Bahnhofstrasse in Zurich is home to a large number of banks and companies, in ad-dition to numerous stores and luxury boutiques. The Paradeplatz is regarded as the centre of the Swiss fi nancial sector, making it one of the most infl uential places on earth. The costs per square meter and year for retail space directly on Bah-nhofstrasse are the highest in Europe, and only comparable to Hong Kong or New York City.

Over the next few years, the tram lines in this area are to be renewed. It is against this background that an examination is determining the extent to which existing tree sites need to be redeveloped or replaced. In close cooperation with the City of Zurich, the Engineering Offi ce Ingenieurbu-reau Heierli AG and the company TMH Thomas Hagenbucher AG, it has been possible to develop a completely new tree grille.

In order to satisfy the requirements of this unique location, a laser-manufactured tree grille was cre-ated, in which state-of-the-art computing, laser-cutting technology and CNC technology were deployed.

In order to be able to get a clear picture of de-sign and effect, the responsible parties in Zurich spared no effort in getting the entire population involved in the design of their street. For this rea-son, samples of the tree grille were coated in three different colours, together with the corresponding guard for trunk protection. One of these colours will ultimately be selected.

All beauty considerations aside, much thought was also put into ensuring the safety of passers-by and road users. The hot-dip galvanised steel construction is equipped with a special Swiss slip-resistant coating and designed for the unusually heavy wheel load of up to 10t.

Fig. 2 CNC machining of the laser grilles

Fig. 3 Detail of steel sheet surface


Bahnhofstrasse – ZURICHLaser grille with 10t Wheel load

108 Tree Guards

Tree Guards

Tree guards have an important contribution to make to the protection of new tree plantings and existing trees in our cities and communities. They encircle the trunk area and protect it reliably against damages.

In addition to their functionality, our HUMBERG Tree Guards impress through their innovative de-sign and highest-quality workmanship.

All guards are composed of welded steel elements and are available in different surface finishes on re-quest. For more information on this, please refer to the notes on the respective product pages.

Our tree guards can either be combined with oth-er tree protection products (for example different tree grilles such as subsurface tree grilles) to form system solutions or can be utilised separately us-ing earth nails.

Hence, when enquiring or ordering please inform us of the intended category of use and the installa-tion situation, so that we can deliver the appropri-ate fastenings with your order.

108 Tree Guards Tree Guards 109

Fagus 110

Platanus 122

Abies 112

Amplexor 124

Malus 118

Prunus 130

Betula 116

Afzelia 128

Tilia 114

Robinia 126

Ilex 120

Carpinus 132

Corylus 134 Cornus 136

110 Tree Guards

Fagus 5960.01

Models and total weight• 400 / 250 12 Struts ca. 30 kg • 600 / 400 16 Struts ca. 41 kg • 700 / 400 16 Struts ca. 42 kg • 800 / 500 20 Struts ca. 51 kg • 800 / 600 20 Struts ca. 52 kg

Height above ground • 1800 mm

Material• Steel S235JR (EN 10 027-1), 16 x 8 mm

Flat-bar steel, welded on the edge

Surface � nisha) Hot-dip galvanised b) Hot-dip galvanised and powder-coated, black

micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructurec) Hot-dip galvanised and powder-

coated, RAL colour as requested

Scope of delivery (depending on installation)1. Including mounting parts with level ad-

justment for tree protection products (Tree Grilles, Subsurface tree grilles)

2. Including ground pegs (for use without a grille)

Assembly• In two parts, bolted

ø250

ø400

1800

ø400

ø600 / 700

ø500

ø800 ø800

ø600

400 / 250 600 / 400 800 / 500 800 / 600


SAARBRÜCKENFagus – 800 / 500

112 Tree Guards

Abies5960.09

Models and total weight• 600 / 400 16 Struts ca. 42 kg • 800 / 400 16 Struts ca. 45 kg • 850 / 500 16 Struts ca. 46 kg • 1000 / 500 16 Struts ca. 48 kg • 1400 / 800 48 Struts ca. 80 kg



Flat-bar steel, welded on the edge








800 / 400600 / 400 850 / 500 1000 / 500 1400 / 800

1400

ø800

850

ø500

1000

ø500ø400

800

ø400

1800

600


LIMBURGAbies – 800 / 400

114 Tree Guards

5962.01 Tilia

Models and total weight• 680 / 400 12 Struts ca. 34 kg • 780 / 400 12 Struts ca. 35 kg • 780 / 500 12 Struts ca. 36 kg • 1180 / 600 16 Struts ca. 49 kg



Flat-bar steel, welded








680 / 400 780 / 400 780 / 500 1180 / 600

1800

ø400

ø680 ø780

ø400 ø500

ø780

ø600

ø1180


COESFELDTilia – 780 / 400

116 Tree Guards

5962.02 Betula

Models and total weight• 680 / 400 12 Struts ca. 30 kg • 780 / 400 12 Struts ca. 32 kg • 780 / 500 12 Struts ca. 34 kg • 1180 / 600 16 Struts ca. 44 kg



Flat-bar steel, welded








680 / 400 780 / 400 780 / 500 1180 / 600

1800

ø400

ø680 ø780

ø400 ø500

ø780

ø600

ø1180


GESCHERBetula – 780 / 500 on Tree Grille Corona

118 Tree Guards

Malus5963.01

Models and total weight• 600 / 400 Ø 33,7 mm ca. 28 kg • 800 / 400 Ø 33,7 mm ca. 30 kg • 800 / 500 Ø 42,4 mm ca. 37 kg • 1200 / 600 Ø 42,4 mm ca. 41 kg


Material• Steel S235JR (EN 10 027-1),

Steelpipes, welded








ø1200

ø600

ø800

ø400

ø600

ø400

ø850

ø500

600 / 400 800 / 400 800 / 500 1200 / 600


PFUNGSTADTMalus – 800 / 500

120 Tree Guards

Ilex5964.01

Models / Height above ground / Weight• 600 / 400 1800 mm ca. 36 kg • 800 / 500 1800 mm ca. 40 kg • 600 / 400 2400 mm ca. 44 kg • 800 / 500 2400 mm ca. 48 kg • 1100 / 500 2400 mm ca. 53 kg


Ø 26,9 mm Steelpipes, welded








ø600

ø40018

00

2400

ø800

ø500

ø600

ø400

ø800

ø500

ø1100

ø500

600 / 400 800 / 500 600 / 400 800 / 500 1100 / 500


LUDWIGSHAFEN – OGGERSHEIMIlex – 800 / 500 / 2400

122 Tree Guards

Platanus5966.02

Models and total weight• 600 / 400 ca. 41 kg • 700 / 400 ca. 46 kg • 800 / 500 ca. 49 kg • 700 x 700 / 400 ca. 48 kg



30 x 10 mm Flat-bar steel, welded








ø700 700 x 700

ø400 ø400

ø600

ø400

ø800

ø500

1800

600 / 400 700 / 400 800 / 500 700 / 400

DARMSTADTPlatanus – 800 / 500


124 Tree Guards

Amplexor5967.01

Models and total weight• 600 x 600 ca. 59 kg • 700 x 700 ca. 61 kg • 800 x 800 ca. 67 kg • 1000 x 1000 ca. 69 kg



and 60 x 60 mm square tube, welded







Assembly• In four parts, bolted

700 1000600 800

1800

600 700 800 1000


MARBURG Amplexor – 600 / 600 onto Quadro-3

126 Tree Guards

Robinia5968.01

Models and total weight• 560 / 1800 ca. 50 kg • Further sizes available on request


Material• Steel S235JR (EN 10 027-1), welded




ø560

1800

560 / 1800

Scope of delivery (depending on installation)• Including mounting parts for

mounting on a tree grille



ROBINIAonto Laserrost Amellus®-L

128 Tree Guards

Afzelia5965.01

Models and total weight• 600 / 300 ca. 68 kg • 700 / 400 ca. 74 kg • 800 / 500 ca. 79 kg



Flat-bar steel 50 x 10 mm, welded







Assembly In two parts, bolted

1800

600

ø300

800

ø500

700

ø400

600 / 300 700 / 400 800 / 500


KASSELAfzelia – 700 / 400

130 Tree Guards

Prunus5971.01

Models and total weight• 900 / 350 ca. 52 kg • 900 / 500 ca. 55 kg • Further sizes available on request



Flat-bar steel, 30 x 10 mm on edge, welded







AssemblyIn two parts, bolted

1800

ø500

900 900

ø350

900 / 350 900 / 500


PENZBERGPrunus – 900 / 500

132 Tree Guards

Carpinus5973.01

Models and total weight• 600 / 400 ca. 38 kg • 700 / 400 ca. 42 kg • 800 / 500 ca. 47 kg • 1000 / 500 ca. 52 kg



30 x 10 mm Flat-bar steel, on edge , welded








1800

ø400

700

ø400

600 800

ø500

1000

ø500

600 / 400 700 / 400 800 / 500 1000 / 500


CARPINUSonto Tree Grille ALEA®

134 Tree Guards

Corylus5974.01



Material• square tube S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1),

60 x 60 mm, welded




ø500

1800

500 / 1800

Scope of delivery (depending on installation)• Including mounting parts with level ad-




CORYLUSonto Tree Grille MOLEA®

136 Tree Guards

Cornus5975.01



Material• square steel S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1),

12 x 12 mm, welded




1850

ø760

ø360 ø460

700 / 400






CORNUSonto Cor-Ten-Steel Laser Grille AMBIO®-L

138 Tree Guard Rings

Tree Guard Rings

Apart from tree guards, tree guard rings also offer ideal trunk protection for new tree plantings and older urban trees.

Their low height allows unobstructed view of the tree, which is nonetheless protected and optically framed by the modern design.

Our tree guard rings are made of S235JR steel, are hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard and can be supplied in all RAL colours on request.

All tree guard rings are available in two models:

1. Screw-on2. Stationary

The first model allows you to combine the tree guard ring you have selected with a tree grill to form a functional system solution.

The various stationary designs are designed in such as way to allow the tree guard ring to be anchored in the ground using concrete mixed on site and can therefore be used as a protective and also a guiding element in townscape planning.

A tree guard ring can also be utilised to provide collision protection for parking ticket machines or charging stations for electro mobile vehicles.

Ulmus 160 Pinus 162 Cercis 158

Helix 156Acer 154Cedrus 152

Quercus 146

Alnus 140 Ficus 142 Salix 144

Ginkgo 148 Pyrus 150

138 Tree Guard Rings Tree Guard Rings 139


Alnus

Model / Weight1. Screw-on ca. 20 kg 2. Stationary ca. 28 kg

Sizes*• 500 mm / Ø950 mm

Material• Steel tube S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1),

Ø 60 mm, welded and sticked together

Surface finishesa) Hot-dip galvanised b) Hot-dip galvanised and powder-coated, black



Scope of delivery (depending on the model)• Including mounting parts for

assembly onto tree grilles• Designed to be set in concrete

5980

500

950



ALNUSonto Tree Grille FOLIUM®


Ficus5981

Model / Weight1. Screw-on ca. 10 kg / 13 kg 2. Stationary ca. 15 kg / 18 kg

Sizes*• 500 mm / 720 mm• 500 mm / 1000 mm


Ø 60 mm, einteilig , welded






720 / 1000

500

500



FICUSonto Tree Grille AMELLUS®


Salix5982


Höhen über Boden / Durchmesser*• 600 mm, Ø 1000 mm• 800 mm, Ø 1000 mm


Ø 60 mm , welded, 2 Parts






1000

600

/ 800

400


BERLIN visualization: Tree Guard Ring SALIX onto ORBIS


Quercus


Sizes*• 500 mm, Ø 1100 mm


Ø 60 mm , welded, dreiteilig






5984

500

1100



SCHWIEBERDINGEN Tree Guard Ring QUERCUS



Ginkgo


Höhen über Boden*• 530 mm / 430 mm

Material• square tube S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1),

60 x 60 mm , welded, 2 Parts






5985

700

500

430

530


GINKGOonto Tree Grille ALEA®


Pyrus


Sizes*• 350 mm / 500 mm, Ø 1200 mm








5988

500

1200


ROSTOCKTree Guard Ring PYRUS



Cedrus

Model / Weight1. Screw-on ca. 10 kg (pro Element)2. Stationary ca. 14 kg (pro Element)

Sizes*• 600 mm / 550 mm

Material• Flat-bar steel S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1),

60 x 10 mm , welded 2, 3 or 4 Parts






5989

550

Ø800

600


CEDRUSonto Laser grille with fl oral Design



Acer










5996

1000

550

400


KASSELTree Guard Ring ACER



Helix










5997

560

1000


ROSTOCKTree Guard Ring HELIX



Cercis5998


Sizes*• 600 mm / 700 mm


Ø 76 mm and Ø 42 mm , welded, 3 Parts






600

700


JENATree Guard Ring CERCIS



Ulmus5999


Sizes*• 600 mm / 1250 mm

Material• Steel tube S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1)

Ø 76 mm and Ø 42 mm, welded, 2 Parts






600

550

1250


ULMUSonto Tree Grille FOLIUM®



Pinus5995


Sizes*• 600 mm / 1200 mm

Material• Steel tube S235JR (EN DIN 10 027-1)

Ø 76 mm and Ø 42 mm, 2 Parts (sticked together)






600

1200


PINUSonto Tree Grille AMBIO®


164 Expert knowledge

Expert knowledge in Tree Protection

Since 2010, Mr. Schröder has been working as an adviser to HUMBERG in particular with respect to current issues that relate to tree plantings, tree protection and vegetation technology. The HUNO® WurzelStern® is a joint development of this partnership.

Following his training as a horticulturist in the are-as of “gardening, landscaping and nurseries”, in ad-dition to many years of experience following this, Klaus Schröder successfully completed his studies in landscape architecture. After holding a variety of professional positions in private business, in the Parks Department and in the Department of Ecol-ogy and Environment for the City of Osnabrück, he went on to found and manage the municipal “Enterprise for Green Spaces and Cemeteries”.

Klaus Schröder is a cofounder of the internation-ally renowned Osnabrücker Baumpflegetage (fo-rum and exhibition for tree care). Between 1993 and 1999, he was a lecturer for the subject of Tree Care at the University of Applied Sciences Osna-brück.

He was actively involved over many years as a member of the Urban Trees Working Group of the German Conference of Garden Authorities (GALK), in various national committees on rules and regulations as well as the European COST Action Workgroups - C3 (Diagnosis of urban in-frastructure), E12 (Urban forests and trees) and C15 (Technical infrastructure and vegetation).

Klaus Schröder has given numerous speeches at home and abroad and is known as the author of many scientific papers on the subject of trees.

Although he has retired from active service now, he continues to act as a qualified expert on trees in a research group that is looking at how to pre-vent trees taking root in utility trenches and pipe sleeves.

Mr. Klaus Schröder, Dipl.- Ing.

164 Expert knowledge Expert knowledge 165

The

leaf o

f this

Eas

tern

tree

Whic

h has

been

entru

sted t

o my g

arden

Offers a

feast o

f secre

t signifi ca

nce,

For the edifi cation of the initiate.

(Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Ginkgo Biloba)

Is it one living thingDas sich in sich selbst getrennt?

Are these two who have chosen each other,

So that we know them as one? …

166 Partner in Tree Protection 166 Partner in Tree Protection

Fair plants are your triumph

Bruns has been a solid and experienced partner in the landscape trade over the last 130 years. You can rely on our staff ’s profound plant knowledge and commitment to finding the right solutions for you. We subscribe to modern quality manage-ment and are both cost-conscious and cost-effi-cient. Our production and logistics are constantly being adapted and optimised by way of the latest technology. Our nursery in Bad Zwischenahn of-fers a huge range of plants to suit the most diverse habitats and requirements. Our high-quality Ac-ers, Oaks, Limes, Pines and Rhododendrons can be found growing all across Europe. More and more challenging projects such as urban squares, modern landscape gardens, garden shows as well as individual, small and large private gardens or even planted rooftops are being realised with quality plants from Bruns.

And the Garden Centre customers with more specific needs will find a wide and up to date range of high-quality container plants.

Bruns stands for the production of sustainable and environmentally compatible nursery plants. It is the mission embraced by the entire team. Our 320 highly skilled and experienced members of staff carry responsibility and care for the high standard and quality of our plants. You will be in-spired by our projects and references.

If you are interested in our range of products and services we look forward to hearing from you!

Bruns-Pflanzen-Export GmbH & CO. KG Johann-Bruns-Allee 126160 Bad Zwischenahn

Telephone: +49 4403 601-0E-Mail: [email protected]

www.bruns.de

166 Partner in Tree Protection Partner in Tree Protection 167 166 Partner in Tree Protection

168 Competence in Tree Protection 168 Competence in Tree Protection

BALDER, H. (1988): Wurzelverletzungen als häufige Ursache von Baumschäden in der Stadt. Das Gartenamt 37 (10): 625–627.

BALDER, H. (1998): Die Wurzeln der Stadtbäume. Ein Handbuch zum vorbeugenden and nachsorgenden Wurzelschutz. Berlin: Parey.

BARLEY, K. (1962): The Effects of Mechanical Stress on the Growth of Roots. Journal of Experimental Botany 13 (37): 95–110.

BARLOW, P. W. (2003): The Root Cap: Cell Dynamics, Cell Differentiation and Cap Function. Journal of Plant Growth Regu-lation 21 (4): 261–286.

BARLOW, P. (1995): Gravity perception in plants: a multiplicity of sys-tems derived by evolution? Plant, Cell and Envi-ronment 18 (9): 951–962.

BENFELDT, K.-D. (2007): Wie viel Raum braucht ein Baum? Neue Land-schaft 51 (8): 33–36.

BERGER, C. & LOHAUS, J. (2003): Zustand der Kanalisation in Deutschland. Aussa-gen zum Bedarf an Investitionen. WWT Wasser-wirtschaft Wassertechnik (7 / 8): 10–16.

BERGER, C. & LOHAUS, J. (2005): Zustand der Kanalisation in Deutschland. Ergeb-nisse der DWA Umfrage 2004. KA Abwasser Ab-fall 52 (5): 528–539.

BMVBS - BAndESMINISTERIUM FÜR VERKEHR, BAU And STADTENT-WICKLUNG (Hrsg.) (2005):Zusätzliche technische Vertragsbedingungen and Richtlinien für Landschaftsbauarbeiten im Stra-ßenbau (ZTV La-StB 05). Dortmand: Verkehrs-blatt-Verlag.

BRELOER, H. (1996): Verkehrssicherungspflicht bei Bäumen aus recht-licher and fachlicher Sicht. Braunschweig: Verlag Thalacker.

BRUSE, M. (2003): Stadtgrün and Stadtklima. LÖBF-Withteilungen 27 (1): 66–70.

DIN – DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FÜR NORMUNG E.V. (Hrsg.) (1978): DIN 1998. Unterbringung von Leitungen and An-lagen in öffentlichen Flächen; Richtlinien für die Planung. Berlin: Beuth.

DIN – DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FÜR NORMUNG E.V. (Hrsg.) (1997): DINEN 1610. Verlegung and Prüfung von Abwas-serleitungen and -kanälen. Deutsche Fassung EN 1610:1997. Berlin: Beuth.

DIN – DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FÜR NORMUNG E.V. (Hrsg.) (2002): DIN 18915 – 18919. Vegetationstechnik im Land-schaftsbau – Bodenarbeiten, Pflanzen and Pflanz-arbeiten, Rasen and Saatarbeiten, Entwicklungs- and Unterhaltungspflege von Grünflächen. Berlin: Beuth.

DIN – DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FÜR NORMUNG E.V. (Hrsg.) (2002): DIN 18920. Vegetationstechnik im Landschafts-bau – Schutz von Bäumen, Pflanzenbeständen and Vegetationsflächen bei Baumaßnahmen. Ber-lin: Beuth.

EHLERS, W.; KÖPKE, U.; HESSE, F. & BÖHM, W. (1983): Penetration resistance and root growth of oats in tilled and untilled loess soil. Soil Tillage Research 3: 261–275.

EISWIRTH, M. (2000): Leckortung – Künftige Herausforderungen and Lösungen. EntsorgungsPraxis 18 (6): 52–57.

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FGSV – FORSCHUNGSGESELLSCHAFT FÜR STRASSEN- And VERKEHRS-WESEN E.V. (Hrsg.) (1994): ZTVE-StB 94 / 97. Zusätzliche technische Ver-tragsbedingungen and Richtlinien für Erdarbeiten im Straßenbau (Ausgabe 1997). Köln: FGSV-Ver-lag.

FGSV – FORSCHUNGSGESELLSCHAFT FÜR STRASSEN- And VERKEHRS-WESEN E.V. (Hrsg.) (1997): TVA-StB 97 / 06. Zusätzliche technische Vertrags-bedingungen and Richtlinien für Ontograbungen in Verkehrsflächen (Ausgabe 2006). Köln: FGSV-Verlag.

FGSV – FORSCHUNGSGESELLSCHAFT FÜR STRASSEN- And VERKEHRSWESEN E.V. (Hrsg.) (1999):RAS LG4. Richtlinien für die Anlage von Straßen - Teil: Landschaftsgestaltung, Abschnitt 4: Schutz von Bäumen, Vegetationsbeständen and Tieren bei Baumaßnahmen (Ausgabe 1999). Köln: FGSV-Verlag.

FLL – FORSCHUNGSGESELLSCHAFT LANDSCHAFTSENTWICKLUNG LAND-SCHAFTSBAU E.V. (Hrsg.) (2005): Empfehlungen für Baumpflanzungen, Teil 1: Pla-nung, Pflanzarbeiten, Pflege. Bonn: FLL.

FLL – FORSCHUNGSGESELLSCHAFT LANDSCHAFTSENTWICKLUNG LAND-SCHAFTSBAU E.V. (Hrsg.) (2010): Empfehlungen für Baumpflanzungen, Teil 2: Stand-ortvorbereitungen für Neupflanzungen; Pflanz-gruben and Wurzelraumerweiterung, Bauweisen and Substrate, Bonn: FLL.

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HANBURY, C. D. & ATWELL B. J. (2005): Growth dynamics of mechanically impeded lupin roots: does altered morphology induce hypoxia? Annals of Botany 96 (5): 913–924.

HANNAN, P. M.; HABIBIAN, A.; NELSON, R. E.; KHAN, I. M. & MARRE, B. (2004): Solutions for sanitary sewer overflows. Pittsburgh (USA): Black & Veatch Corporation for American Society of Civil Engineers – Guidance Manual.

HASELSTEINER, R. & STROBEL, TH. (2006):Deichertüchtigung unter besonderer Berücksich-tigung des Gehölzbewuchses. In: HERMANN, R.A. & JENSEN, J. (Hrsg.): Sicherung von Däm-men, Deichen and Stauanlagen – Handbuch für Theorie and Praxis. Siegen: Eigenverlag des Insti-tutes für Geotechnik der Universität Siegen: 1–29.

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KIERMEIER, P. (2006): Einordnung von Bäumen and verschiedenen Ge-hölzen hinsichtlich ihres Gefährdungspotentials – Eigenschaften des Wurzelsystems der Bäume. In: Lorenz von Ehren Handbuch. Ellerhoop: Media Nord. KISSER, J. (1925): Über das Verhalten von Wurzeln in feuchter Luft. Jahrbücher für wissen-schaftliche Botanik 64 (3): 416–438.

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KUTSCHERA, L. & LICHTENEGGER, E. (2002): Wurzelatlas withteleuropäischer Waldbäume and Sträucher. Band 6, Wurzelatlas-Reihe. Graz (A): Leopold Stocker.

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SCHRÖDER, K. (1994): Vegetationstechnische Maßnahmen zur Neupflan-zung von Bäumen. Dargestellt am Beispiel des Stadtplatzes Große Domsfreiheit in Osnabrück. Das Gartenamt 43 (2): 73–79.

SCHRÖDER, K. (2003): Wurzelraum unter Fahrbahnen – Beispiele aus Osnabrück. In: Tagungsband 21. Osnabrücker Baumpflegetage, 9.–10. September. Osnabrück: Fachhochschule Osnabrück: 23–35.

SCHWEINGRUBER, F. H. (1990): Mikroskopische Holzanatomie. Birmendorf (CH): Zürcher, Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt WSL.

SHIGO, ALEX L. (1994): Moderne Baumpflege: Grandlagen der Baum-bio-logie. Braunschweig: Thalacker.

STRECKENBACH, M. (2004): Anatomische Merkmale als Parameter bei der Er-fassung von Durchwurzelungsschäden. Ruhr-Uni-versität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Spezielle Botanik – Diplomarbeit.

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Picture credits

Reinhold Scheer 4

Fotografie Felix 5, 6, 7, 106 (Withte)

Timo Rybicki 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, 19, 24–29, 34, 35, 36–39, 43, 46–55, 70, 72–80, 82–88, 90–99, 100– 102, 104–106, 127, 131, 133, 135, 137, 141, 143, 148–149, 160–163, 165

Franz Humberg 14, 23, 32, 45, 56–60, 68, 89, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 145, 147, 154–157, 167

René Schnelle 19, 159

Tobias Schwerdt 60 (unten links u. rechts), 61

Helmut Speckmann 64

Klaus Schröder 65, 70–71

Tom Beuers 103

Kim Letz 107

www.fotolia.de 9, 17, 21, 31, 33, 63, 81, 99,


Company information

PublisherFranz Humberg

Graphics and layoutDipl.-Des. Timo Rybicki (graduate designer)

EditorBrigitte Vinkelau

Editorial workAndrea Humberg

Editorial assistantPetra Sicker

DesignHerbert Knapp

Text and technical adviceDipl.-Ing. Klaus Schröder (graduate engineer)

ProofreadingAnne Beuscher, M.A.

Warranty and DisclaimerAll rights reserved. No liability is assumed for the completeness of the information or any printing er-rors. Pictures and drawings represent product ex-amples, and may include special customised elements. We reserve the right to make changes to the design and scope of services of the respective products wit-hout prior notice. The current status can be found in relevant quotations, current tender documents and our General Terms and Conditions (www.humberg-guss.de). Partner companies are liable for the contents or their websites.

Publication: Oktober 2011

Humberg Metall- & Kunstguss GmbHStevern 78, 48301 Nottuln (Germany)

Tel.: 0049 2502 6071Fax: 0049 2502 6072email: [email protected]

www.humberg-guss.de HUMBERG vCard


Innovation

in Street Furniture

To whom it may concern,

I would like to take this opportunity to offer you an insight into our second catalogue – Innovation in Street Furniture.

Complimenting the present catalogue, in which we were able to give you an understanding for our competence in tree protection, our second publication will present the various HUMBERG systems in the barrier and street furniture sectors. Our products impress through their unique shape while also fulfilling all the functional demands made by modern townscape planning.

Side by side with historical models and design ele-ments, such as the classic Schinkel lamp, in our se-quel we provide information on our diverse range of products for the urban environment:

• Bollards• Handrail systems• Benches• Bicycle racks• Waste containers• Signage systems• Plant containers• Pflanzgefäße

Different types of plant containers, for instance containers including integrated long-term irriga-tion systems, rank among the innovations in our product range as do our variable service bollard systems, which – like all our products – are based on the right mix of tradition, innovative design, state-of-the-art 3D computer technology and specialist know-how.

The implementation of creative ideas and indi-vidual customer requests has always been deeply rooted in our company philosophy. On that note, we look forward to continuing to design new products with you in the future on the very high-est technical and aesthetic levels.

Yours sincerely

Documents

HUMBERG Competence in Tree Protection