HYDRO ENERGY POTENTIAL OF COOLING WATER AT THE THERMAL

POWER PLANTVladimir D. Stevanovic*), Aleksandar Gajic*), Ljubodrag Savic**),

Vladan Kuzmanovic**), Dusan Arnautovic***), Tina Dasic**), Blazenka Maslovaric*), Sanja Prica*), Bojan Milovanovic**)j j

*)Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade **)Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Belgrade)Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Belgrade

***)Electrotechnical Institute “Nikola Tesla”

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja1

A HYDRO POWER PLANT WITH A GENERATION CAPACITY OF 7 5 MWE USES THE AVAILABLE HYDRO ENERGY OF THE SEA7.5 MWE USES THE AVAILABLE HYDRO ENERGY OF THE SEA

WATER, WHICH SERVES AS A COOLANT FOR EIGHT UNITS OF A THERMAL POWER PLANT IN SOUTH KOREA

Reduction of carbon emissionsReduction of carbon emissions by 13715 tons annually.

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja2

A PLANT WITH TWO HYDRO TURBINES WITH A POWER OF 5 MWe EACH HAS BEEN BUILT AT THE KOZLODUY NUCLEARMWe EACH HAS BEEN BUILT AT THE KOZLODUY NUCLEAR

POWER PLANT IN BULGARIA

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja3

THE COOLING WATER SYSTEM AT ONE UNIT OF THE THERMAL POWER PLANT “NIKOLA TESLA B”O O S

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja4

AVERAGED WATER LEVEL OF THE RIVER SAVA DURING THE YEAR BASED ON THE 20 YEARS DAILY RECORDS (FROM 1986YEAR BASED ON THE 20 YEARS DAILY RECORDS (FROM 1986

TILL 2006)75

Monthly mean values

74

)

Monthly mean valuesAnnual mean value

73

evel

(m)

72.24 m

72

Wat

er le

71

W

701 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Months

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja5

Months

AVERAGED GROSS HEAD FROM THE SURFACE OF THE WATER POOL AT THE PLANT TILL THE RIVER LEVEL DURING THE YEAR

BASED ON THE 20 YEARS DAILY RECORDS (FROM 1986 TILLBASED ON THE 20 YEARS DAILY RECORDS (FROM 1986 TILL 2006)

6 5

5 5

6.0

6.5

4 5

5.0

5.5

ead

(m)

4.0

4.5

Gro

ss h

e

3.0

3.5

G

Monthly mean values Annual mean value

2.51 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

M th

Annual mean value

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja6

Months

DISCHARGE COOLING WATER CHANNELS FROM THE POOLS AT THE PLANT UNITS TILL THE RIVERTHE PLANT UNITS TILL THE RIVER

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja7

HEAD LOSSES

UNIT of TENT B UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3

LENGTH OF THE COOLING WATER DISCHARGE CHANNEL

LENGHT L1-4 (m) 470 545 6201)

1) Assumed

HEAD LOSS

UNIT of TENT B UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3

(m) 1.19 1.28 1.38g b nH H HΔ = −

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja8

DURATION CURVES FOR THE GROSS AND NET HEADS FROM THE WATER POOLS IN THERMAL POWER PLANT UNITS TILL

THE HYDRO POWER PLANT AT THE RIVER SAVA BANKTHE HYDRO POWER PLANT AT THE RIVER SAVA BANK (AVERAGED FOR THE PERIOD FROM THE YEAR 1986 TILL 2006)

7

8Gross headNet head

5

6

(m) ΔH

l

3

4

Hea

d

1

2

00 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Annual period (-) 8760 h

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja9

p ( ) 8760 h

AVERAGE MONTHLY OVERHAUL PERIODS DURING THE YEAR PER ONE UNIT OF THE THERMAL POWER PLANT “NIKOLA

TESLA B” (AVERAGED FROM THE FIRST CONNECTION TO THE GRID IN 1984 (UNIT 1) AND 1986 (UNIT 2) TILL JUNE 2007)

250

300

200

250

(h)

100

150

Tim

e

0

50

01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Months

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja10

THE REDUCTION OF THE ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AT THE HYDRO POWER PLANT DUE TO THE OVERHAULS IN ONE UNIT OF THE THERMAL POWER PLANT “NIKOLA TESLA B” (TOTAL

ANNUAL REDUCTION IS 0.3052 GWH OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN CASE OF NO OVERHAUL PERIODS)PRODUCTION IN CASE OF NO OVERHAUL PERIODS)

0.14

0.1

0.12

(GW

h)

0.06

0.08

ic e

nerg

y

0.02

0.04

Elec

tri

01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Months

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja11

Months

TURBINE’S TYPETURBINE S TYPE FIELD OF

APPLICATION

Reference: Guide on How to Develop a Small Hydropower Plant, European Small Hydropower Association -ESHA, Brussels, Belgium, 2004.

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja12

BULB TURBINE

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja13

HYDRO POWER PLANT LAYOUT

Legend:1. Cooling water flowg2. The existing outlet structure3. The existing earth channel4. The intake structure with the chamber5. Power house6. Tail water7. Emergency spillway8. Chute9. Gate plateau10 A t h10. Access to powerhouse11. The existing road12. A pipeline for the heating of equipment in the cooling water intakeequipment in the cooling water intake station during extremely cold winter days.

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja14

HYDRO POWER PLANT CROSS SECTIONHYDRO POWER PLANT CROSS-SECTION

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ANNUAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION 1

( )1

08.76el HE rE g V H x dx Eρ η= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ − Δ∫&

( )H H H⎧

( )( )

( ) ( )( )

,max ,max

,min ,max

,

,

0

n n n

n n n n

H H x H

H x H x H H x H

H x H

⎧ >⎪

= ≤ ≤⎨⎪ <⎩

ANNUAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN THE HYDRO

( ) ,min0, n nH x H<⎩

POWER PLANT DEPENDING ON THE NUMBER OF UNITS IN OPERATION

Units of Thermal Power Plant in operation

Unit 1 Unit 2 Units 1+2 Units 1+2+3p

Annual production of electricity Еel, (GWh/ d)

3.88 3.78 7.45 10.83

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja16

(GWh/god)

VALUE OF ANNUAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN THE HYDRO POWER PLANT THAT UTILIZES ENERGY OF THE COOLING

WATER FLOW AT THE COAL-FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT “NIKOLA TESLA B” VERSUS ELECTRICITY PRICE

1,200,000.001,400,000.00

2 units 3 units

800,000.001,000,000.00

low

(€)

400,000.00600,000.00

Cas

h fl

0.00200,000.00

0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 11 0 120.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12Electricity price (€/kWh)

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja17

PRESENT VALUE OF COSTSPRESENT VALUE OF COSTS

P T l S ifi T l C f T l P P Power per unit, Pn (kW)

Total power,

zPn (kW)

Specific cost of

equipment, 'EMI (€/kW)

Total cost of

equipment, IEM=z

'I P (€)

Cost of civil

works, ICV (€)

Total investment,

I (€)

Present value of O&M costs,

C (€)

Present value of

total costs CT (€)

EMI Pn (€) COM (€)Two

turbines,

2

800 1600 1245 1.992.000 1.670.000 3.936.650 944.425 4.881.075

z=2

Three

turbines, 800 2400 1245 2.988.000 1.670.000 5.007350 1.258.600 6.265.950

z=3

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INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN AND PAY BACK PERIOD FOR THE HYDRO POWER PLANT PROJECT THAT UTILIZES ENERGY OF THE COOLING WATER FLOW AT THE COAL-FIRED THERMAL

POWER PLANT “NIKOLA TESLA B”

25

30%

) / P

ay

s)2 Units 3 Units

15

20

retu

rn (%

od (

year

s

Internal rate of

10

15

l rat

e of

rac

k pe

rio

Pay back period

return

0

5

Inte

rna ba period

0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12Electricity price (€/kWh)

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja19

INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN AND PAY BACK PERIOD DEPENDENCE ON THE TOTAL INVESTMENT COSTS I

35

40

) / P

ay

)

0.8*I 1.0*I 1.2*I* * *

Internal

20

25

30

etur

n (%

)d

(yea

rs Internal rate of return

10

15

20

rate

of r

eac

k pe

riod

Pay back period

0

5

10

Inte

rnal ba

0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12Electricity price (€/kWh)

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja20

INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN DEPENDENCE ON THE VALUE OF THE CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTION

30(%

) CCER=15€CCER=10€

CCER=6€

25

of re

turn

(

without

15

20

nal r

ate

o without CDM

10

15

Inte

rn

100.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12

Electricity price (€/kWh)

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja21

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

The obtain results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be realized with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market.y

ELEKTRANE 2010, Vrnjačka Banja22