Hydrologic Engineering Center

Projects and Initiatives at the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC)

Presented By: Christopher N. Dunn, P.E., Director Hydrologic Engineering CenterInstitute for Water Resources

For: Northern California AWRA, Sacramento CA10 March 2009

USACECEIWR-HEC

LEGEND: Division HQ location District HQ location Division boundary District boundary State boundary

LEGEND: Division HQ location District HQ location Division boundary District boundary State boundary

Pacific Pacific Ocean Ocean DivisionDivision

SouthwesternSouthwesternDivisionDivision

South South AtlanticAtlantic DivisionDivision

South South PacificPacificDivisionDivision

MississippiMississippiValley Valley

DivisionDivision

NorthNorthAtlanticAtlanticDivisionDivision

Great Lakes Great Lakes & Ohio River& Ohio RiverDivisionDivision

NorthwesternNorthwesternDivisionDivision

Alaska Seattle

WallaWallaPortland

SanFrancisco

Los Angeles

Honolulu

Albuquerque

Omaha

Kansas City

Tulsa

Ft. Worth

Galveston

Little Rock

St.Louis

RockIsland

St. Paul

Vicks-burg

New Orleans

MobileJacksonville

Savannah

Charleston

Wilmington

Norfolk

Philadelphia

New York

NewEngland

DetroitBuffalo

Balti-morePitts-

burghChicago

Memphis

Nashville

Louisville

Hunting- ton

Sacramento

Cincinnati

Dallas

Atlanta

Corps Water Resources Divisions & DistrictsCorps Water Resources Divisions & Districts

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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Key Mission Areas

Water ResourcesR & D

• Watershed Hydrology • Riverine Hydraulics• Estuary-Coastal Hydraulics• Socio-Economic• Geospatial• Environment

Inte

rag

ency

Su

pp

ort

• DOD, Federal• State & Local• International

Civ

il W

ork

s

• Primary Water Resources Missions - Navigation, Flood Damage Reduction & Shore Protection, and Environmental Restoration

• Allied Water Resources Purposes – Recreation, Water Supply, F&W, Hydropower

• Disaster Response• Regulatory

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Mississippi Valley

Division

Great Lakesand

Ohio River Division

NorthAtlanticDivision

NorthwesternDivision

SouthPacific

Division

Pacific Ocean

Division

SouthAtlanticDivision

SouthwesternDivision

Buffalo

Chicago

Detroit

Huntington

Louisville

Nashville

Pittsburgh

Vicksburg

Memphis

New Orleans

St Paul

Rock Island

St Louis

Kansas City

Omaha

Portland

Seattle

Charleston

Jacksonville

Mobile

Savannah

Wilmington

Albuquerque

Sacramento

Los Angeles

San Francisco

Fort Worth

Galveston

Little Rock

Tulsa

MarineDesign

Center (FOA)

Finance Center (FOA)

249thPrime Power

Battalion

TransAtlanticPrograms

Center

HuntsvilleEngineeringand Support

Center

HQUSACE

Corps of Engineers Organization

Alaska

Honolulu

Far East

Japan

Walla Walla

Baltimore

New England

New York

Norfolk

Philadelphia

Europe

GulfRegionDivision

CentralBaghdad

NorthMosul

SouthBasrah

AfghanistanEngineerDistrict

Major Subordinate Commands Or

Divisions

Civil Works District Offices Humphreys Engineer

Center Support Activity(FOA)

Institutefor Water

Resources(FOA)

EngineerResearch andDevelopment

Center - 7 Labs MilitaryDistricts

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Center of expertise in hydrologic engineering and planning analysisexecuting a balanced program of technical assistance, research, software development, training and special studies. Located in Davis, California.

Organization within the Institute for Water Resources.

Institute for Water Resources – Hydrologic Engineering Center

Trainingand

SoftwareSupport

TechnicalAssistance Research

SoftwareDevelopment

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Hydrologic Engineering Center

Support office within USACE Institute for Water Resources.

USACE Center of Expertise for Hydrologic Engineering and Planning Assistance.

33 full-time professionals; hydraulic engineers, a few computer specialists, mostly MS degrees, a few Ph.Ds.

15 additional staff; IWR employees, UCD students, admin staff.

Primarily support USACE; some other Federal agencies; occasional international assistance; increasing number of MoU’s; visiting scholars – U.S. and international.

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Brief History, Origin HEC

Created by HQUSACE initiative in 1964. Principals: HQUSACE H&H, SPK Engineering Division. Imminent retirements of WWII veterans. Institutionalize ‘hydrologic engineering’ – critical skill.

1964 – Branch within SPK Engineering Division.

1965 – Division within SPK (under Commander).

1971 – Organization assigned to SPD Commander.

1978 – Briefly FOA reporting to Director of Civil Works, then assigned to the Water Resources Support Center, a new FOA reporting to Director of Civil Works (CECW).

2000 – Assigned to Institute for Water Resources, an FOA/support office reporting to CECW.

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HEC Basic Precepts‘HEC Business Model’

HEC exists to help the Corps perform it’s CW mission in a world-class manner.

The work of the Corps is performed at the field office level.

HEC products and services are for field use and application.

HEC is a wholly owned (by CECW) small business with primary customer base being the field offices; to lesser extent, HQUSACE, Labs, other Corps and Army elements, and other agencies/partners.

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HEC Divisions/Responsibilities

Water Management

Systems

Water Resource Systems

H&HTechnology

HEC IT Mgmt./Web

Real-time Data

CWMS System

H&H Forecasting

Reservoir Regulation

Software Engr.

Training Admin.

Reservoir Systems

System Optimization

Flood Damage Anal.

Risk Analysis.

Env./Watershed St.

Research Admin.

Surface & GW Hyd.

River Hydraulics

Erosion/Sed. Trans.

Hydrologic Statistics

Drought/low Flow

(Chief: Tom Evans) (Chief: Jeff Harris)(Chief: Mike Deering)

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Typical Products/Projects

H&H and planning analysis software: new models/GIS utilities versions; new software.

Real-time water control: Modernized Corps Water Management System: Corps-wide deployment completed; now supporting and improving.

Studies/support: Katrina Support; Ft. Worth Flood Warning model; Great Lakes Study; NWS Forecasting Model for Joint Operations; Bill Williams River Restoration; Sac/SJ Comp Study; Sac River Risk Analysis; Tooele & Ft. Huachuca groundwater; Ohio River WSP modeling; Sonoma County Water Agency; ACT-ACF, FEMA Map Modernization, Iraq water management, Afghanistan, South Florida Water Management District; Tampa Bay Water; LCRA; Bulletin 17B; Levee Certification; Dam Safety.

Training: Average – 10 courses, 6 workshops; publications, video tapes, software support, Web dissemination.

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HEC Software Activities

Complete product line for hydrologic engineering in HEC library.

Solve problems in a general manner for use everywhere.

Hydrologic Statistics with SSP Watershed hydrology with HMS &

GeoHMS. River hydraulics with RAS & GeoRAS. Reservoir Analysis with ResSim. Flood damage analysis with FDA and

FIA. Software Integration with CWMS,

DSSVue. Ecosystem Functions with EFM Watershed Analysis with WAT

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Hydrologic Statistical Software Package HEC-SSP Version 1.0

Develop statistical analysis software that supports hydrologic studies. This software will perform frequency analysis, regional regression, coincident frequency analysis, duration analysis, etc….

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Hydrologic Modeling System, HEC-HMS, Version 3.3 Computes streamflow throughout a

river basin given precipitation and watershed characteristics.

Event and continuous simulation, multiple routing/ runoff methods, grid precip., losses & runoff, snowmelt, coeff. estimation, dam break, powerful GUI.

GeoHMS GIS utility for watersheds/sub-watersheds, runoff parameters. ArcGIS 8.X version underway.

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Surface Water Enhancements HEC-HMS - Version 3.3

• Sediment Washoff (lumped area & gridded washoff)• Water quality simulation thru NSM

Surface Washoff Total Nitrogen Total Phosphorous Fecal Coliform

• Reservoir Features Spillway Options Dam Face Seepage Specified Release Evaporation

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GeoHMS Preprocessor to HMS

Inputs

DEM

Gage Locations

HUC

RF1

Others

Products

1. Lumped Basin Model

2. Cell Parameter File

3. Distributed Basin Model

4. Background Map File

5. Physical Characteristics of Streams and Watershed Tables

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HEC-RAS, River AnalysisVersion 4.0

1-Dimensional hydraulics program

Computes river velocities, stages, profiles, and inundated areas (with GeoRAS) given streamflow and geometry.

Steady and Unsteady Flow

Water depth?

Flow

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River Analysis EnhancementsHEC-RAS -Version 4.0Software to analyze steady and unsteady flow, sediment transport & WQ

• 1D sediment transport (movable bed calculations through scour and deposition).

• Pump Stations

• Compute Ungaged Flow from Gaged Data

• Interfacing RAS with 2D ADH

• Automating Manning’s n value for calibration

• Water temperature modeling to HEC-RAS

• Water quality constituents to the HEC-RAS analysis process by incorporating the water quality computations of QUAL-RIV1

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HEC-GeoRAS

Pre-processor for generating geometric data for HEC-RAS

Post-processor for mapping and displaying results from hydraulic simulations

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Groundwater/Surface Water Interaction for HEC-RAS

Develop a coupled model that will support improved representation of water exchange where groundwater interaction is a significant component of channel flow, and provide a more complete accounting of water storage in groundwater and channels.

1. Evaluation of OpenMI non-proprietary software used for coupling models at the time-step level.2. Algorithm for computing water exchange between HEC-RAS and MODFLOW.3. Mapping of stream on groundwater model grid. 4. Temporal issues.5. Spatial issues. 6. User Interface.

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Reservoir System Analysis HEC-ResSimVersion 3.0

Simulates reservoir operations for flood management, low flow augmentation and water supply for planning studies, detailed reservoir regulation plan investigations, and real-time decision support

New features include pump-back storage, multi-reservoir system operation to meet power generation goals and capability to utilize Ensemble Streamflow Predictions from the NWS.

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Reservoir Water Quality EnhancementsHEC-ResSim & CE-QUAL-W2

• Demand for water quality and temperature modeling for real-time and planning analyses

• Looking to link both models thru OpenMI (Open Model Interface) rather than fund a major development effort

• Will provide in and downstream of the reservoir Temperatures Dissolved Oxygen Other conservative constituents Variable gate settings

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Flood Risk Management ToolsHEC-FDA Version 1.2.4/HEC-FIA

Develop software to perform flood risk management analyses; project benefit analysis including loss-of-life consequences; evaluate flood risk management measures using risk and uncertainty and including systems approach and GIS capability. Improve planning capability by: enabling multi-purpose formulation, tradeoff analysis, promoting Collaborative Planning and NED/NER formulation.

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Flood Damage Reduction Analysis HEC-FDA,Version 1.2.4

Plan Evaluation and Plan Formulation Tool

Helps answer the question "Which proposed flood damage reduction plan is the best from an economic standpoint?"

evaluate the existing condition analyze alternative damage reduction plans

Compare plans using Expected Annual Damage and damage reduction benefits

Since 1996, use risk analysis procedures

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Event Damages with HEC FIA - Flow Impact Analysis

Computes damages to structures and other contents of the floodplain (including agricultural and environmental) given river stages & damage relationships.

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Goals for HEC-FRM (Flood Risk Management)

Systems approach for assessing risks in complex, interdependent systems

Incorporation of social and environmental consequences

Tools for levee assessment and certification Effective risk communication New computational methodology

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HEC-EFM Ecosystems Functions Model – Version 1.0 Planning tool for flow regime change. Reservoir/regulation change,

diversions, remove/set back levee, reconfigure channel.

Impact on terrestrial and aquatic habitat. Change direction/magnitude - biologic

impact. Team use: biologists, geomorphologists,

hydraulic engineers, environmental managers.

Premise: hydrologic/hydraulic data can help predict biologic response.

Spawning Habitat

Cottonwood Recruitment

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With Project• Increased flow

and stage

Without Project• Flow is 14,800-cfs• Stage is 15.67-ft

Floodplain Spawning Habitat -

With Project

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Corps Water Management System

CWMS is the data acquisition, management, modeling and decision support system that supports the Corps in its water management mission of regulating more than 700 dam and reservoir projects.CWMS is a nationwide integrated system of hardware, software, and other resources that acquires, analyzes, and stores data; develops decision support information; and allows user access to any data and information on the system.

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Corps Water Management System(CWMS)

Improved Real-Time Water Management Decision Support for over 700 Multipurpose Reservoirs, Control Structures and Thousands of miles of Levees.

An integrated suite of real-time water resources software

Standard Corporate Centrally Supported Hardware/Software.

From 40 Existing Unique Systems to one CWMS.

Weather Radars

Streamgages

Operational decisions Inundation Forecasts

Fully Integrated Hydrologic ModelsReal-Time

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CWMS Watershed Modeling

Modeling

Hydrology(HEC-HMS)

Storage(HEC-ResSim)

Hydraulics(HEC-RAS)

Damages(HEC-FIA)

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Watershed Analysis Tool (HEC-WAT)

Create a product that will improve the coordination, communication, and productivity of a Project Delivery Team throughout a project study by involving modelers early in the study process, allowing data and results to be shared across models, and visualizing model parameters and results, all using a shared and intuitive interface.

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Hydrology

Reservoir

Hydraulics

Environmental

Flood Damage

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HEC-WAT Model Integration

Integrate model and tools used during the analytical process

• Hydrology - HEC-HMS & GeoHMS - Done• Reservoir Operations - HEC-ResSim - Done• Hydraulics - HEC-RAS & GeoRAS - Done• Economics - HEC-FIA - Done• Statistical – HEC-SSP – Done• Data – HEC-DSSVue – Done• Environmental - HEC-EFM – Done• Future Additions – HEC-FDA, RiverWare …

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Result Comparison in the WAT

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Typical Project Work:Sacramento and San Joaquin Comprehensive Study

Hydrologic Modeling Watershed Impact Analysis HEC-FDA Technical Assistance HEC-FIA Model Development Risk Communication and Mapping Conjunctive Use Ecosystem Functions Model (EFM)

Hydrologic Engineering Center

Hydrologic Modeling

Sacramento Basin 27,000 Sq. Mi.

San Joaquin River & Tulare Lake Bed Basins 32,000 Sq. Mi.

33 HEC-HMS models

Sacramento Sacramento River BasinRiver Basin

San Joaquin San Joaquin River/Tulare River/Tulare Lake Bed Lake Bed BasinsBasins

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Conjunctive Use for Flood Benefits

Determine if flood benefits from employing Conjunctive Use practices outweigh the costs

Increase system storage capacity by including depleted groundwater aquifers

Shift existing water supply to aquifers in order to increase flood storage reservation in surface reservoirs

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Spillway Adequacy for Dam Safety

Use design storms to model extreme events

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Assistance to Iraq Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR)

Training and collaborative water management system model creation.

Model expansion and refinement. Baseline flow data preparation and coding.

Unimpaired, current, and a projected future. Gauging technology advice and demo. On-site training – model, water management,

gauging system restoration.

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The Helmand Valley - Afghanistan

Drainage area 160,000 km2 31% of country

Helmand River AY~14 Billion m3

Kajakai Reservoir

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Flood Warning and Response System

Provide a Flood Warning and Response System to communities along river systems

Provide accurate and timely warnings Maximize response time (County Emergency

Management Agencies and Floodplain Residents) Use stage/elevation-based flood inundation mapping Evacuation & flood warning plan formulation tool Damage estimates (expedite disaster assistance) Educate the public on flood hazard Two Major Applications

Susquehanna River and San Antonio River

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Risk Analysis/Impact Analyses of Proposed Modifications to the Sacramento River Flood Control Project Levees

To Define a Risk Analysis Methodology Identify if system-wide hydraulic impacts

resulting from alterations and modifications to the SRFCP can be determined with Risk Analysis

Compare Risk Methodology to Traditional Deterministic Methodology

NOT comparing results…Only the Process

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SRFCP

1300 miles of levees

Protects 800k Acres

Significant Upstream Storage Reservoirs

Downstream channel capacity must be maintained

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t

Certification of Levee Systems for the NFIP (EC 1110-2-6067)

Focus is on the levee system that is associated with a given separable floodplain.

A levee system is inclusive of all components that are interconnected and necessary to insure protection of the associated floodplain – levee/floodwall sections, closure structures, pumping stations, culverts, interior drainage works, and system operation and maintenance

No PARTIAL system certifications

Riversburg

Greentown

Metroville

This diagram shows one levee “project” and three levee systems

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HEC Training Classes FY09

Nonstructural Measures for Flood Risk Management Mar 30 - Apr 03

Hydrologic Analysis for Ecosystem Restoration Apr 06-10 Advanced Steady Flow Analysis with HEC-RAS May 04-08 Risk Analysis For Flood Damage Reduction Projects Jun 15-

19 Statistical Methods in Hydrology Jul 13-17, 09 Sediment Transport Analysis With HEC-RAS Aug 17-21 Advanced Reservoir Modeling with HEC-ResSim Sep 14-18

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Proposed HEC Training Classes FY10

Steady Flow with HEC-RAS Oct 26-30 Water and the Watershed Nov 16-20 Risk Analysis for Flood Damage Reduction Projects Dec

7-11 Reservoir System Analysis with HEC-ResSim Jan 11-15 H&H for Dam Safety Studies Jan 25-29 Hydrologic Analysis for Ecosystem Restoration Mar 22-

26 Water Data Management with HEC-DSSVue Apr 12-16 Flood Frequency Analysis May 17-21 Hydrologic Engineering Applications for GIS Jun 21-25 Hydrologic Engineer Role in Planning Jul 12-16 Unsteady Flow Analysis with HEC-RAS Jul 26-30 Hydrologic Modeling with HEC-HMS Aug 16-20 Advanced HEC-ResSim Sep 13-17

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HEC Senior Staff, Contact Information

Chris Dunn, P.E., Director Jeff Harris, Hydrology & Hydraulics Technology Div. Mike Deering, P.E., Water Resources Systems Div. Tom Evans, Ph.D., Water Management Systems Div. Gary Brunner, P.E., Senior Technical Specialist, River

Hydraulics Bill Charley, P.E., Senior Technical Specialist, Water Control

HEC Web site: http://www.hec.usace.army.mil

christopher.n.dunn@usace.army.mil

Contact for publications, software:Hydrologic Engineering Center609 Second StreetDavis, CA 95616Ph 530/756-1104