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This condition was first identified in broilers in Pakistan in 1987. It spread rapidly in broiler producing areas in that country and the same or a very similar condition has been seen in North and South America. It affects mainly broilers and broiler parents in rear and has also been seen in pigeons.
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Hydropericardium-Hydropericardium-Hepatitis Syndrome, Hepatitis Syndrome,
Angara Disease Angara Disease
Hydropericardium-Hydropericardium-Hepatitis Syndrome, Hepatitis Syndrome,
Angara Disease Angara Disease
Dr.Kedar KarkiDr.Kedar Karki
Introduction
• This condition was first identified in broilers in Pakistan in 1987. It spread rapidly in broiler producing areas in that country and the same or a very similar condition has been seen in North and South America. It affects mainly broilers and broiler parents in rear and has also been seen in pigeons.
• It is a condition caused by an adenovirus, possibly in combination with an RNA virus and immunosuppression caused by Chick Anaemia Virus or Infectious Bursal Disease.
Introduction
• The disease is readily reproduced by inoculating birds with a bacteria-free filtrate of a liver extract from an affected bird. Mortality may reach 60% but more typically 10-30%.
Signs
• Sudden increase in mortality. • Lethargy. • Huddling with ruffled feathers. • Yellow mucoid droppings.
Post-mortem lesions
• Excessive straw-coloured fluid distending the pericardium (up to 10 mls).
• Enlarged, pale friable liver and kidney.
• Congestion of the carcase. • Lungs oedematous.
Hydropericardium in a chicken. Excessive fluid isseen in the pericardial sac. Liver is swollen.
Diagnosis
• Lesions, histopathology, virology.
Treatment
• None. Good water sanitation (e.g. treatment of drinking water with 0.1% of a 2.5% iodophor solution) appears to be beneficial.
Prevention
• The condition typically occurs in areas of high poultry density where multi-age operation is traditional. Control of predisposing immunosuppressive diseases may help limit losses. Formalin-inactivated oil adjuvant vaccines are reported to be highly effective and are used in areas where the condition is endemic.