HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorials

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Altair HyperMeshTutorials

Version 5.0

AltairEngineering


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Contact Altair Engineering at:

Web site www.altair.com

FTP site Address: ftp.altair.com or ftp2.altair.com

Login: ftp

Password:

Location Telephone e-mail

North America 248.614.2425 [email protected]

Germany 49.7031.6208.22 [email protected]

India 91.80.658.854091.80.658.8542

[email protected]

Italy 39.0832.315.57339.800.905.595

[email protected]

Japan 81.3.5396.1341 [email protected]

Scandinavia 46.46.286.2052 [email protected]

United Kingdom 44.1327.810.700 [email protected]

2001 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Trademark Acknowledgments:

HyperWorks, HyperMesh, OptiStruct, HyperForm, MotionView, HyperView, HyperGraph,HyperOpt, HyperShape, StudyWizard, HyperView Player and Templex are registered trademarks

of Altair Engineering, Inc.

All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.


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HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorials Altair Engineering 1

HyperMesh Tutorials

All files referenced in the HyperMesh tutorials are located in the HyperWorks installation directoryunder /tutorials/hm/. If the location of your HyperWorks installation directory is unknown,

contact your systems administrator.

Structuring the HyperMesh Database - HM-100 Building and Annotating Plots - HM-700

Introduction to HyperMesh - HM-110 Performing Curve Math - HM-710

User Interface Changes - HM-112 NASTRAN Static Analysis UsingHyperMesh - HM-1010-L

Creating a Macro Menu - HM-115 Modeling Contact for ABAQUS - HM-1020-L

Geometry Creating and Editing - HM-120 Stress Analysis using ANSYS - HM-1030

Geometry Clean Up - HM-130 Modeling Contact for MARC - HM-1050

Defeature - HM-131 Panel - HM-131 Modeling a 3-D Example for MARC -

HM-1051Automeshing Module- HM-135L General Interfacing with Crash Analysis

Solvers - HM-1100

Automesh/Remesh - HM-136 Dummy Positioning, Seatbelt Routing,and Control Volumes - HM-1101

Automesh/Proj to Edge-HM-137 LS-DYNA3D Interface - HM-1110-L

Automeshing Tria Transition Features - HM-140 PAM-CRASH Interface - HM-1120-L

Chordal Deviation Meshing - HM-141 RADIOSS Interface - HM-1130-L

Connecting Components - HM-200 DYTRAN Interface - HM-1140-L

Building 1-D Elements - HM-210 Composite Panel - HM-1300Spotweld - Hm-215

Calculating Beam Cross Section - HM-220

Building Surfaces and Shell Meshes - HM-300L

Building Solid Elements - HM-400

Using the Automatic Tetramesher - HM-450

Element Editing: Splitting and Combining ShellElements - HM-500L

Editing Elements by Moving Nodes - 510L

Model Checking - HM-520

Using OptiStruct in HyperMesh - HM-550

Deformed and Contour Plotting - HM-610

HyperMesh 4.0 Post-processing Features - HM-620

Fatigue Panel - HM-630-L


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Altair Engineering HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial - 100 1

Structuring the HyperMesh Database - HM-100

In this tutorial, you use the co l lec to rspanel to create, update, and assign dictionaries tocollectors. You also update existing cards by using the cardpanel. You start with a HyperMeshdatabase file that does not have any dictionaries assigned.

All files referenced in the HyperMesh tutorials are located in the HyperWorks installation directoryunder /tutorials/hm/.

If you do not know the location of the HyperWorks installation directory, contact your systemsadministrator.

Creating and Editing Dictionaries and EditingCards

To retrieve the database file:

1. Select the f i lespanel.2. Select the hm f i l esubpanel.

3. Double-click f i le =and select HM100-plate.hm.

4. Click retr ieve.

To specify solver:

1. Select the template subpanel.

2. Double-click template fi le =and select nastran/general.

3. Click return.

To update the element types to the NASTRAN format:

1. Select the 1D page.2. Select the e lem typespanel.

3. Click quad4=and select CQUAD4 as the quad element type.

4. Click tr ia = and select CTRIA3 as the tria element type.

5. Click elemsto access the extended entity selection menu.

6. Select al l.

7. Click update .

8. Click returnto exit the e lem typespanel.

To update the load types:

1. Select the BCspage.

2. Select the load typespanel.

3. Click force = and select FORCE.

4. Click constra int =and select SPC.

5. Clickloadsto access the extended entity selection menu.

6. Select al l.

7. Click update.

8. Clickreturnto exit the load typespanel.


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Altair Engineering2 HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial - 100

To create a material collector:

1. Select the co l lec to rspanel.

2. Select thecreatesubpanel.

3. Click the switch after co l lec to r typeand select mats.

4. Click name =and enter Plate_mat.5. Click the switch under creat ion m ethodand select card image.

6. Click card image =and select MAT1.

7. Click create/edit.

A pop-up card is displayed.

8. Click E, click the data entry field, and enter 2e+5.

9. Click NU, click the data entry field, and enter .3.

10. Click return to accept the values.

To create an element collector:

1. Click the switch after co l lec to r typeand select c omps .

2. Click name =and enter Plate.

3. Click the switch under creat ion m ethodand select card image.

4. Click card image =and select PSHELL .

5. Click material =and select Plate_mat.

6. Click co lo rand select color 8.

7. Click create/edit.

8. Click T, click the data entry field, and enter.2 5.

9. Click return.

To update a load collector:

1. Select the updatesubpanel.

2. Click the switch after co l lec to r typeand select l oadco ls.

3. Click the highlighted l o adc o l s .

4. Activate theAUTO1 checkbox.

5. Click return.

6. Click co lo rand select co lo r 15.

7. Clickupdate.

8. Activate theco lorcheckbox.

9. Click update.

10. Clickreturnto exit the co l lec to rs panel.


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To change the name of existing collectors:

1. Select the rename panel.

2. Select the ind iv idua l lysubpanel.

3. Click the switch and selectloadcols.

4. Click col lec tor =and select AUTO1.5. Click newname =and enter l oad1.

6. Clickrename.

7. Click return to exit the renamepanel.

To move existing elements into a different collector:

1. Select the organizepanel.

2. Click the input collector switch and select e lems.

3. Click elemsand select al l .

4. Click dest inat ion = and select Plate.

5. Click move.

6. Clickreturn to exit the organizepanel.

To view and edit a collector card:

1. Click cardin the permanent menu.

2. Click the input collector switch and select c omps .

3. Click comps.

4. To select the component, pick one of the elements in the model.

The element temporarily turns white.

5. Click edit.The card appears and the thickness may be edited.

6. Clickreturnto accept any changes and exit the card.


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Altair Engineering HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial 110 1

Introduction to HyperMesh - HM-110

This tutorial introduces HyperMesh to new users. The following sections are included:

The HyperMesh Environment

Using HyperMesh

Each section contains links to lessons in the HyperMesh Users Guide On-line Help. Theselessons explain the HyperMesh interface, terminology, and how to use the HyperMesh panels.

All files referenced in this tutorial are located in the HyperWorks installation directory under/demos/hm.



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This section explains the HyperMesh environment. The HyperMesh window has four mainmenu areas: graphics, the header bar, the main menu, and the permanent menu. The headerbar divides the screen into two areas. The graphics area of the screen is above the bar and themenu area is below the bar. The menu area is further divided into the main menu and thepermanent menu. A secondary menu can be accessed by using keyboard keys. Thesecondary menu allows you to use panels that add information necessary to complete thecurrently active menu panel. The topics below are linked to lessons in the HyperMesh UsersGuide On-line Help.

Starting HyperMesh.


The Header Bar

The Main Menu

The Permanent Menu

The Graphics Area

The Secondary Menu

The Mouse

The Keyboard


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Altair Engineering HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial 110 3

Using HyperMesh

This section explains how to use a typical HyperMesh panel by description and example. Thefirst topic explains how to retrieve a HyperMesh database. Use this file to complete theremaining tutorials. Follow the topics below in the order that they are listed to complete thissection.

Retrieving a HyperMesh Database

Using Input Collectors

Picking Entities on the Screen

Extended Entity Selection

Using Plane and Vector Collectors

Viewing Models

Using the Display Panel

Graphics Modes

Setting Global Parameters

Saving a File

Printing Screen Images

Importing and Exporting Data


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User Interface Changes - HM-112

This tutorial introduces the major changes to the HyperMesh 3.0 graphical user interface (GUI). Itincludes a list of the panels by page and alphabetically.

Similar in structure to HyperMesh 2.1, HyperMesh 4.0 consists of three menu systems: the main,secondary, and permanent menus. Tutorials on the following topics are included:

The Main Menu

The Permanent Menu

All files referenced in the HyperMesh tutorials are located in the HyperWorks installation directoryunder /tutorials/hm.



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The Main Menu

Due to the addition of functions and options, the main menu is expanded from five to sevenpages. The page names, Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D,BCs, Tool, and Post,are given by thefunctionality of the page panels. Some of the panels on each page contain functionality that

applies to multiple pages. These panels appear on all pages applicable to that panelsfunctionality. Also, the more frequently used panels appear on multiple pages, allowing you tocomplete a process without changing pages.

To display the common panels between all menu pages:

1. Click Geomthrough Post.

The common panels in all pages are f i les, co l lec to rs, assembl ies, organ ize, co lo r,rename, and reorder.

2. Click Geom, 1-D, and BCs.

The common panels in these pages are vec torsand sys tems.

3. Click 1-D, 2-D, 3-D.

The common panels, edit element, spl i t, replace, detach, orderchange, conf ig ed i tande lem types, are located in the right most column of these pages.

New PanelsHyperMesh 3.0 includes ten new panels:

geom cleanup(Geom)

beam xsect , jo ints , l ine mesh(1-D)

elem offset (2-D, 3-D)

equat ions, solver , vectors (Geom, 1-Dand BCs)

penetrat ion, conver t(Tool)

A summary of the new pages and panels is as follows:

Page Name Description New Panels

Geom Geometry creation and editing

functionsgeom cleanup

vec tors

1-D 1-D elements creation and editingfunctions

l ine mesh


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beam xsect

jo in ts

vec tors


elem offset


elem offset

BCs Loads and boundary creation, outputrequests

equat ions

solver

vec tors

Tool Utility, model checking, and editing

functions

conver tand information

functions

penetrat ion

Post Post-Processing functions

Thest itchpanel, as well as the l ine from su r face edgesandsplit surface edgeoptions in thesurface editpanel, are no longer included in the menu. The newgeom c leanuppanel nowcovers these functions. Please refer to Version 2.1 vs. 3.0 Panel Location for detailed informationon the differences between panels in HyperMesh 2.1 and 3.0.

files

Panels related to file management are grouped into an integrated f i lespanel. This panel allowsyou to save and retrieve HyperMesh binary databases, import CAD generated geometry or finiteelement model information, export CAD geometry or finite element information for specificanalysis codes, specify a template file, specify a result file, and execute a HyperMesh command

file. These subpanels include the following enhancements:

hm files

Space between the saveandretr ievebuttons in order to prevent accidental selection.

A new option, save in compact.

By default, a file saved in a non - compac tformat includes surface facets and line/surfacedrawing information. Choosingthesave incompac tformat reduces the size of any savedhm binary database by suppressing faceted surfaces created during thev isual opt ions-


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shaded sur facetoggle under the geom cleanupandautomeshpanel. Non-compactdatabases save these facets in the binary database, allowing an increase in speed duringsurface shading and automeshing.

import

A new option, of fse t ids.

An of fse t idstoggle is included which allows you to assign id values to imported bulk datadeck entities such as nodes, elems, comps, etc. This improves the assembly process ofbuilding full models from many individual files.

Supports direct CAD import.

For UG, CATIA, STL, HyperMesh versions before 3.0 did not support direct import of UG andCATIA files. Consequently, all CAD data had to be in IGES format before import toHyperMesh. In HyperMesh 3.0, you can import not only geometry data in IGES format butalso geometry data directly from these newly added CAD readers. In addition, HyperMesh3.0 supports UG version 13. When running on a UNIX workstation, the UG reader does notconsume a UG license. To use the UG reader, rloginto the machine that UG is installed

on and run HyperMesh on this machine in order to use the UG library. If you are using amachine on the same network where UG is installed and your machine platform is the sameas the machine that has UG installed on it, setup the following environment variables in yourcshrcfile:

UGII_BASE_DIR=/home/apps/eds130

UGII_ROOT_DIR=/home/apps/eds130/bin/

On a PC, aUG license is required to run the UG feinput translator; the UG feinput translatorin HyperMesh requires an entire UG 13 environment.

opt ions for IGES impor tis renamed.

Since direct CAD import is available in this version, the name is changed to opt ions for CADimpor t. opt ions for CAD impor tincludes the geometry tolerance and cleanup tolerance. Ageometry tolerance can be set to use fi le geom tolerance, or geom to l =, a user-specifiedvalue. The cleanup tolerance can be set to use automat ic c leanup tol , don t c leanuptopology, or c leanup tol =, a user-specified value.

export

Retains the same function as the expor t datapanel in versions before HyperMesh 3.0.

command

Retains the same function as the commandpanel in versions before HyperMesh 3.0.

template

Links with the field in the globalpanel.


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To load a template, you can either choose the template in the f i le/templatesub-panel or inthe global / templatesub-panel.

results

Links with the field in the globalpanel.

To load a result file, you can either type the file name in thef i le / resul tssub-panel or in theresult file field in the globalpanel.


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The Permanent Menu

HyperMesh 3.0 includes the following new additions to the permanent menu: sliding zoom (s),

clockwise rotation , counter-clockwise rotation , back (b), and on-line Help (help). Thefollowing functions are enhanced: window (w), dynamic rotation (r), and user options (op t ions).

The permanent menu.

New Functions

s Slide zoom: zooms the model in and out by dragging the mouse in a vertical

direction.

Counterclockwise rotation: rotates the model counterclockwise by the angle set in the

op t ionspanel.

Clockwise rotation: rotates the model clockwise by the angle set in the op t ionspanel.

b Back function: returns the model to the initial orientation after a rotation (r) or arcdynamic motion (a).

help Context sensitive on-line Help: accesses the HyperMesh on-line Help.

To use the HyperMesh on-line Help:

1. Click helpon the permanent menu.

The table of contents is displayed.

2. Double-click a Help topic.

The Help topic is displayed. How do Is are listed in green.

3. Click a How do I.

A step by step example procedure appears.

NOTE HyperMesh 3.0 on-line Help is context sensitive. When working within a panel,click help to display the Help topic available for that panel. The main Helpcontents tab appears if you are not within a panel.


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w Enhancement in the window manager: two new functions are added to this panel:display legendand display s imulat ion t i t le. These functions allow you to controlthe contour plots legend and simulation title display. On by default, these functionscan be turned off in the post-processing panels.

r Enhancement in the rotation function: the rotation function now allows you to select a

node or point as a rotation center using the middle mouse button. If a middle mousebutton is not available, press the alt key and the left mouse button to pick the

center.

a Enhancement in the arc dynamic motion function: the arc dynamic motion function

now allows you to select a node or point as a rotation center using the middle mousebutton. If a middle mouse button is not available, press the alt key and the left

mouse button to pick the center.

op t ions Integrates the mod el ing, graphics , fonts , colors , page name, postscr ipt , and

spaceballsubpanels.


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The Modeling Subpanel

This panel contains most of the entities previously located in the op t i o n s panel as well as newoptions including the c leanupand geometry to lerancefields, f i xed po in ts, and co inc ident

nodep ick ing.

node tol Used when finding line intersections and determining duplicate nodes. Thenode tolerance also affects the generation of elements in the automesher.When quads are created and the side of a quad is less than the nodetolerance, HyperMesh tries to create a tria element instead of a quad. If youcreate a model with characteristic dimensions less than the node tolerance,reduce the default node tolerance.

geom to l The geometry tolerance specifies the mathematical accuracy of lines andsurfaces in the model. Lines and surfaces are guaranteed geometricallyaccurate to within the distance specified by geom to l. The geometrytolerance influences the speed of file i/o and geometric operations inHyperMesh. Very small geometry tolerances can increase file read timesand increase the length of time required to perform geometric operations.For typical automotive components in millimeters, a geom to lof 1.000e-04 isusually accurate.

c leanup tol The cleanup tolerance specifies the maximum gap distance allowed betweentwo edges or points while performing geometry cleanup operations. When acleanup operation is performed, if two entities are separated by a distancegreater than thec leanup to lat any point along their length, they are left

unaltered.

f i xed po in ts A toggle to turn on or off the display of fixed points.

coinc ident node

p ick ing

This is a new option for selecting coincident nodes. If the option is on,coincident nodes are displayed evenly on a circle when the mouse movesclose.

shr ink This option allows you to set shrink element sizes. In HyperMesh 3.0, youcan specify the size of element by entering a shrink factor between 0 and 1.

The graphics Subpanel

This is the new location for the g raph ic spanel. New options are included. In addition, theh idden l inesfield andresizebox were moved here from the original opt ionpanel. Lighting tools

for shaded elements are also included in this subpanel. The performance graphic engine nowcontainsbitmap animation tools, view acceleration tools, and the result color type options.


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bi tmap animat ion Allows you to control the way a bitmap animation is created.Three options are given: none, s imp leand compressed. Whennoneis chosen, the animation is created in the same way as inprevious versions. If s imp leor compressedis chosen, abitmap is created based on the pixel number instead of thenumber of elements. These two options are recommended forlarger models. Use the compressedoption with the s imp le, ornoneoption if the computer swaps disk space during bitmapanimation.

view accelerat ion Allows you to increase the rotation speed while viewing a model.This option is especially useful if you work on a large model witha slow machine. Three options (none, automat ic,and Ctr l -Shi f t) with four different simplification styles (feature line,bound ing box, node c loud,and element centro id) areavailable in this subpanel. For example, if the Ctr l-Shif tand

feature lineoptions are chosen during the rotation process(clicking aor son the permanent menu), the model changes to afeature line based representation by pressing both theCtrland

Shiftfunction keys. When automatic and feature line are both

chosen, the model is displayed in feature lines whenever it isrotated.

AVI fi le optio n Gives you three window sizes in making an AVI file: screen,1/9 screen, and full screen. You can also choose an 8 or 24 bitcolor display. When 8 bit is chosen, the color shown in the AVIfile is discrete contour type. If 24 bit color is chosen, the colordisplayed in the AVI file is blended contour type.

resul t color type Allows you to choose either blendedor d isc re tecon tou r swhen

viewing a contour plot. d isc re te contoursgives a cleardefinition of contour boundaries similar to centro idalor zbuffermode in the previous version, providing no gradual transition ofcolors.

fon ts Retains the same functions the original font panel plus a newcursor size: function. You can change the cursor size fromstandardto la rge. This option is especially useful during ademonstration or teleconferencing.


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co lo r s Retains the same function as the original backgroundpanelwith more options introduced. In this panel, you can customizethe color of the background, g loba l ax i s, axis labeland thetopologicaledge. In addition, you can also change the menubackgroundcolor. For the UNIX platform, two options aregiven: darkand l igh t. For PC, you can select c lass icor

windows, the desktop colors specified in the Windows ControlPanel.

page names Retains the same function as the original page name panel.

postscr ipt Retains the same function as the original PostScriptpanel.spaceball Retains the same function as the original Spacebal lpanel.

The display/vis Subpanels

Thed isp layand v i ssubpanels now contain an improved navigation tool to help you whenworking with multiple pages. You can tab through a single page at a time, or go directly to aspecified page number. You can also display components byname,id, or bothname and id. Inthe v i spanel, the default color of the mesh line is black.


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Version 2.1 vs. 4.0 Panel Location

The following tables provide a list of the new page locations relative to the HyperMesh version 2.1page order:

Page 1

Page 2

Page 3

Page 4

Page 5

A second table lists the HyperMesh panels alphabetically and gives the page on which the panelis located.


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Page 1

Panel Name HyperMesh 2.1

Location

HyperMesh 3.0 Location

files 1,2,3,4,5 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

collectors 1,2,3,4 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

organize 1,2,3,4 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

color 1,2,3,4 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

temp nodes 1,2,3,4 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

import data 1,5 Moved to filespanel (all seven pages)

create nodes 1 Geom

node edit 1 Geom

align node 1 Geom

distance 1 Geom

remap 1 Geom

lines 1 Geom

li ne edit 1 Geom

intersect 1 Geom

section cut 1 Geom

length 1 Geom

circles 1 Geom

tangents 1 Geom

f il lets 1 Geom

reparam 1 Geom

reorder 1 Geom

surf ace edit 1 Geom

surf lin es 1 Geom

stitch 1 Merged to geomcleanup

cntl cards 1 BCs

graphics 1 Permanent/option


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Page 2


Location


confi g edit 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

elem types 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

ruled 2 2-D

spline 2 2-D

drag 2 2-D, 3-D

spin 2 2-D, 3-D

li ne drag 2 2-D, 3-D

skin 2 2-D

automesh 2 2-D

planes 2 2-D

cones 2 2-D

spheres 2 2-D

torus 2 2-D

edit element 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

split 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

order change 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

replace 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

detach 2 1-D, 2-D, 3-D

smooth 2 2-D, 3-D

soli d map 2 3-D

soli d mesh 2 3-D

li near soli d 2 3-D

soli d offset 2 Renamed toelem off set(2-D, 3-D)

tetramesh 2 3-D


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Page 3


Location


li near 1d 3 1-D

masses 3 1-D

bars 3 1-D

rods 3 1-D

r igids 3 1-D

welds 3 1-D

springs 3 1-D

gaps 3 1-D

rbe3 3 1-D

translate 3 Tool

rotate 3 Tool

scale 3 Tool

reflect 3 Tool

project 3 Tool

position 3 Tool

permute 3 Tool

check elems 3 Tool

edges 3 Tool

faces 3 Tool

features 3 Tool

normals 3 Tool

dependency 3 Tool

mass 3 Tool

find 3 Tool

mask 3 Tool

delete 3 Tool

rename 3 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post


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Page 4


Location


systems 4 Geom, 1-D, BCs

load t ypes 4 BCs

constraints 4 BCs

forces 4 BCs

moments 4 BCs

pressures 4 BCs

velocity 4 BCs

accels 4 BCs

temperatures 4 BCs

flux 4 BCs

l oad steps 4 BCs

interfaces 4 BCs

rigid wall 4 BCs

enti ty sets 4 BCs

super elems 4 BCs

assemblies 4 Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

output block 4 BCs

numbers 4 Tool

renumber 4 Tool

summary 4 Tool

count 4 Tool

optimization 4 Renamed to design vars


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Page 5


Location


import data 1,5 Moved to filespanel (all seven pages)

export data 5 Moved to filespanel (all seven pages)

command 5 Moved to filespanel (all seven pages)

T convert 5 Enhanced and renamed to convert

(Tool)

hidden li ne 5 Post

contour 5 Post

vector pl ot 5 Post

titles 5 Post

deformed 5 Post

transient 5 Post

replay 5 Post

apply resul t 5 Post

xy plotti ng 5 Post

fd blocks 5 3-D

spaceball 5 Permanent/option

postscript 5 Permanent/option

background 5 Permanent/option

page names 5 Permanent/option

fonts 5 Permanent/option

buil d menu 5 Tool


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Alphabetic Listing of Panels

Panel Name HyperMesh 3.0 Location

accels BCs

align node Geom

apply resul t Post

assemblies Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

automesh 2-D

background Permanent/option

bars 1-D

buil d menu Tool

check elems Tool

circles Geom

cntl cards BCs

collectors Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

color Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

command Moved to filespanel in all seven pages

cones 2-D

confi g edit 1-D, 2-D,3-D

constraints BCs

contour Post

count Tool

create nodes Geom

deformed Post

delete Tool

dependency Tool

detach 1-D, 2-D,3-D

distance Geom

drag 2-D, 3-D

edges Tool


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edit element 1-D, 2-D,3-D

elem types 1-D, 2-D,3-D

enti ty sets BCs

export data Moved to filespanel in all seven pages

faces Tool

fd blocks 3-D

features Tool

files Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

f il lets Geom

find Tool

flux BCs

fonts Permanent/option

forces BCs

gaps 1-D

hidden li ne Post

import data Moved to filespanel in all seven pages

interfaces BCs

intersect Geom

length Geom

li ne drag 2-D, 3-D

li ne edit Geom

li near 1D 1-D

li near soli d 3-D

lines Geom

l oad steps BCs

load t ypes BCs

mask Tool

mass Tool

masses 1-D

moments BCs


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node edi t Geom

normals Tool

numbers Tool

optimization Renamed to design vars (BCs)

order change 1-D, 2-D,3-D

organize Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

output block BCs

page names Permanent/option

permute Tool

planes 2-D

position Tool

postscript Permanent/option

pressures BCs

project Tool

rbe3 1-D

reflect Tool

remap Geom

rename Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

renumber Tool

reorder Geom

reparam Geom

replace 1-D, 2-D,3-D

replay Post

rigid wall BCs

r igids 1-D

rods 1-D

rotate Tool

ruled 2-D

scale Tool

section cut Geom


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skin 2-D

smooth 2-D, 3-D

soli d map 3-D

solid mesh 3-D

soli d offset Renamed to elem off set(2-D, 3-D)

spaceball Permanent/option

spheres 2-D

spin 2-D, 3-D

spline 2-D

split 1-D, 2-D,3-D

springs 1-D

stitch Merged in geom cl eanuppanel

summary Tool

super elem BCs

surf li nes Geom

sur face edit Geom

system Geom, 1-D, BCs

T convert Enhanced and renamed to convert(Tool)

tangents Geom

temp nodes Geom, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, BCs, Tool, Post

temperatures BCs

tetramesh 3-D

titles Post

torus 2-D

transient Post

translate Tool

vector pl ot Post

velocity BCs

welds 1-D

xy plotti ng Post


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Creating Macro Menus - HM-115

A macro is similar to a user-defined script, or executable. The user can write a macro specificallyfor themselves that will execute a series of steps semi-automatically. The macro language is thesame language used in the command files generated by HyperMesh.

When creating a new macro the user must first decide if they want to add another page or placethe new macro button on a pre-existing page.

The following exercises are included:

Creating another page

Creating a new button

Creating a macro


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Creating another page

Inside of the hm.macfile, which is the user defined macro, the user will add a command to add

an additional page button. This button in turn will execute a macro that will create a new page.

To create another page in the macro menu:

1. Open up a new text file.

2. Type in *createbuttongroup(0,0,"User1",1,0,10,CYAN,"User definedmacros","macroSetActivePage",1)

3. Then create additional pages.

4. Type in *createbuttongroup(0,0,"User2",2,5,5,CYAN,"User definedmacros","macroSetActivePage",2)

5. Type in *createbuttongroup(0,0,"Name of page",2,5, 5,Color of page, "Description of what ison the page","macroSetActivePage",3)

6. Type in *setactivegroup(0,0,1) to make the group 0 the active group.

Note: Any button placed on page 0 will be displayed on all pages.7. Type in

*beginmacro(macroSetActivePage)

*setactivepage($1)

*endmacro()

Note: The page number was passed from the end of the button and retrieved in the macrowith the ($1).

8. Save the file as temp.mac.

Note: This is the macro that will allow the user to change from page to page.

Note:Documentation for the *createbuttongroupand the *setactivepagecommand

can be found in the on-line help as well as the other above commands.


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Creating a new button

1. Open the temp.mac file.

2. Type *createtext(1, Shortcuts,17,0)

3. Type *createbutton(1, "geom clean", 16, 0, 10, BUTTON, "GeometryCleanup Panel", "macroEnterPanel", "geom cleanup")

4. Type *createbutton(1, Spotweld, 3,0,10,GREEN,Spotweld along

edges, macroSpotweldEdges)

5. Type *createbutton(2,User defined button,3,0,10,GREEN,Description

of what the macro will do, The name of the macro, Any argumentsthe user wishes to pass to the macro)

Note: Arguments can be passed after the calling of the macro.

6. Type in the following macro to execute the macroEnterPanel:

*beginmacro("macroEnterPanel")

*enterpanel($1)

*endmacro()

Note: The page to enter was passed from the button and retrieved in the macro with the ($1).

7. The macro for the Spotweld Edges is in the next section.


Note: All of the above commands can be found in the on-line help.


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Creating a macro

1. Open the temp.mac file.

2. Type in the macro for the SpotweldEdges:

*beginmacro(macroSpotweldEdges)*createmarkpanel(elements,1,"select elements forindependent nodes")

*findedges(elements,1,0)

*renamecollector(components,"êdges","temp1")

*createmark(nodes,1) "by collector" temp1

*createmarkpanel(elements,2,"select elements for dependentnodes")

*findedges(elements,2,0)

*createmark(nodes,2) "by collector" êdges

*createmultiplespotwelds(1,2,15,0,0,0,0,0,3,"")

*createmark(components,1) "temp1" êdges

*deletemark(components,1)

*endmacro()


4. Open HyperMesh.

5. Select the op t ionspanel.

6. Select the menu conf igpage.

7. Load your macro temp.mac.

8. Click retrieve.

Note: The above macro will find all of the nodes on the edges of the elements chosen and thencreate weld elements between them. The macro works by first calling the macro from the buttonthat was created. Then it begins the macro.

The *createmarkpanelcommand is a command that allows the user to select a set of

elements from within HyperMesh similar to the extended entity selection window and place themin a user-defined mark.

The next two commands simply find the edges of the elements selected and place them into atemp1collector.

Then the *createmarkcommand takes the nodes found on the edges and places them in auser mark.

The next three commands repeat the selection of elements, the finding of edges and then therenaming of the collector.

Finally the *createmultiplespotweldscommand takes the two user marks and places

spotwelds between them with the first set of nodes being the independent nodes and the secondset the dependent nodes. The last two commands remove the two-temp collectors so that the

macro can be repeated.


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Geometry Creating and Editing - HM-120

This tutorial explains how to create lines and surfaces with the geometry creation panels found onthe Geompage. The l i nes, l ine edi t, c irc les, f i l let, delete, ref lect, sect ioncut, tangent andt rans latepanels are included. There are also instructions about using the p lanepanel to createa surface. The completed geometry of this exercise is illustrated below



Note: Before using HyperMesh, make sure you delete the hmmenu.setfile from your current

working directory.

To create a component collector for geometry:


2. Select the createsubpanel.

3. Click the selection switch and choose comp

4. Click name =and enter geometry.

5. Click the switch under creat ion m ethodand select no card image.


7. Click create.

8. Click returnto exit the co l lec to rs panel.


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To create nodes:

1. Select the viewpanel on the permanent menu.

2. Click Iso1.

3. Select the Geompage.

4. Select the create nodespanel.

5. Select the type insubpanel.

6. To create the nodes, enter the X, Y, and Z coordinates in the table below and click create.

Node X Y Z

1 0 0 0

2 0 0 25

3 0 0 37

4 0 5 25

5 0 5 -27. Click returnto exit the create nodespanel

To display the node IDs:

1. Select the t o o l s page.

2. Select the numberspanel.

3. Click the input selection switch and select nodes.

4. Click nodesto display the extended entity selection menu.

5. Click al l.

6. Click onto display all the node IDs.

To create a circle:

1. Select the Geompage

2. Select thec irc lespanel.

3. Select the center and radiussubpanel.

4. Pick node 2as the node listat which the circle is to be created.

5. Click the plane and vector collector switch and select X-ax is.

6. Pick node 2again as the base for the axis of rotation.

7. Click on the toggle switch and select c irc le

8. Click rad iusand enter 5.

9. Click create.


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To create an arc:

1. Click on the toggle, change from c i r c leto arc.

2. Pick node 2as the node listat which the circle is to be created.

3. Click the plane and vector collector switch and select X-ax is.

4. Pick node 2again as the base for the axis of rotation.

5. Input 180for angle =.

6. Enter 2.5for radius =.

7. Enter 90for of fset =.

8. Click createin oder to create a arc

9. Click returnto exit the panel.


11. Click rearto change the view.

To create a line:

1. Select the Geom page.

2. Select the l ines panel.

3. Select create linesubpanel.

4. Pick node 4and node 5in l ine l is tpanel

5. Click createto create a line between nodes 4 and 5.

6. Click returnto exit the l i nespanel.


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To duplicate and translate lines:

1. Select the t rans latepanel on the Toolpage.

2. Click the input selection switch and select l i nes.

3. Pick the line.

4. Click l inesagain to display the extended entity selection menu.5. Click dupl icate.

6. Click current compto copy the new line into the current component (Geometry).

7. Click the plane and vector collector switch and select y -ax is.

8. Click magnitude = and enter 10.0.

9. Clicktranslate -.

10. Click pon the permanent menu.

11. Click returnto exit the t ranslatepanel.

To edit lines by splitting at a line:


2. Select the l ine edi tpanel.

3. Select the split at linesubpanel.

4. Click l inesand pick the circle.

5. Click cut l ineand pick the line between node 4and node 5.

6. Click spl i t.

7. Repeat this procedure on the other line that was just translated.

8. Click returnto exit the l ine edi tpanel.


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To display the line IDs:

1. Select the Too l s page.



4. Click l inesto display the extended entity selection menu.

5. Click al l.

6. Click onto display all the line IDs.

7. Click returnto exit the numberspanel.

To delete a redundant arc:

1. Select the deletepanel

2. Click the input selection switch and select l ines.

3. Select the lower semi-circle (line id 10) on the screen.

4. Click on delete entityto delete the redundant arc.

5. Click returnto exit the deletepanel.

To duplicate and reflect an arc:

1. Select the ref lectpanel


3. Choose the arc on screen (line id 2).

4. Click the plane and vector collector switch and select z-ax is.

5. Pick node 2as the base node.

6. Click l inesagain to display the extended entity selection menu.

7. Click dupl icate.

8. Click or ig inal com pto copy the new line into the current component (Geometry).

or ig inal compallows you to place all duplicated entities into the component collector whereduplication occured. current compallows you to place all duplicated entities into the currentworking component defined in globalpanel.

9. Click ref lectto create the lower arc.

10. Click returnto exit the reflect panel.

11. Click pon the permanent menu to refresh the screen.


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To create two tangent lines


2. Select the tangentspanel.

3. Select node 3in node listpanel.

4. Select the l inepanel.

5. Select l ine 7.

6. Select the f ind tangentpanel.

HyperMesh finds a tangent line for the selected curve.

7. Repeat step 3-5, but pick l ine 8instead of l ine 7

There are two tangent lines on screen.

8. Click returnto exit the tangentpanel

To redisplay the line IDs:

1. Select the Too l s page.


3. Click the input collector switch and select l i nes.

4. Click l inesto display the extended entity selection menu.

5. Click al l.

6. Click onto display all the line IDs.

7. Click returnto exit the numbers panel.


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To split curves by tangent lines, and delete redundant line:


2. Click on the l ine edi tpanel.

3. Select split at linesubpanel.

4. For l i nespanel, choose line 7, and pick tangent line 12 for the cut line.

5. Click on split to split line 7 by line 12.

6. Repeat step 3-5 in order to cut curve line 8 by tangent line 13 in l ine edi tpanel.

7. Press the F2 key and jump into deletepanel from l ine edi tpanel.

8. Select two curve lines between tangent line 12 and 13.

9. Click delete entityto delete two curves.

10. Click returntwice and go back to main menu

To create a component collector for surfaces:



3. Click the selection switch and choose comp.

4. Click name =and enter sur faces.



7. Click create.

8. Click returnto exit the co l lec to rspanel


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To create a square surface on X-Y plane:

1. Select the 2D page

2. Click on the planes panel

3. Choose squarefrom the subpanel

4. Click the input collector switch and select z-ax is

5. For basepanel, choose node 1to be the base reference node

6. Choose sur face onlyfrom the triangle entity switch

7. Enter 30in the size =input field

8. Click on createto create a square surface

9. Click returnto exit the planes panel

To create a line which connects two parallel lines on an X-Y plane:


2. Click on the sect ion cut panel.

3. Click the input selection switch and select z-ax is.

4. ( The reason to choose z-axis is because we want to create the line on X-Y plane).

5. For base, choose node1 to be the base node.

6. For l ine l is t, choose 2 straight lines that are perpendicular to the X-Y plane.

A line on the screen shows the result.

7. Click on createto finish creating the line.

To switch the current working component from surfaces to geometry:

1. Select the globalpanel in permanent menu.

2. By default, component =should be equal to sur facescomponent collector.

3. Click on the sur faces, change to geomet ryin the collector name list.

From this point, any element or geometry such as line or surface that is created, will beplaced in this geomet rycomponent collector.


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To extend line to surface edge:


2. Click Iso1.


4. Click on the l ine edit panel.5. Choose extend l inefrom the sub selection.

6. Click on the toggle and change subpanel from dis tance =to To : l ine.

7. Choose the purple stra ight l inefor the upper l ine panel, then choose 1 surface edge(seefigure below) in the lower l inepanel.

Now you see a red V which marks the beginning to extend the purple line.

8. Click on extend +.

You can see that line 11 is extended to reach one surface edge.

Note: If the extended line does not stop and extend over the surface edge, try extendand review the result.

9. Click returnto exit the l ine edi tpanel.

The result should resemble the figure below.

To create a fillet between two lines:

1. Select the f i l lets panel.


3. Switch the toggle from no tr imto t r im.

4. For rad ius, enter 5.

5. For the 1st l inepanel, pick l ine 3.


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6. For the 2nd l inepanel, pick the purp le straight line which is perpendicular to l ine 3.

Please select fillet quadrantis displayed in the message bar. HyperMesh is asking you toselect a reference location for fillet.

7. Pick the xabove X-Y plane and closed to node 1.

You can see a fillet on screen created by HyperMesh

8. Repeat steps 5-7 in to create another fillet for l ine 3.

9. Click returnto exit the f i l letpanel.


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To trim a line by plane and delete a redundant line segment:

1. Click on the l ine edit panel.

2. Choose split at planesub selection.

3. Select l ine 4in the l inespanel.

4. Choose z -ax isfrom the input collector switch.

5. Choose node 1to in the basesubpanel.

6. Click spl i tto split line 2 by X-Y plane.

7. Press the F2key and jump into the delete panel.


9. Choose the small line segment under X-Y plane, and click on delete entityto remove the linesegment.

10. Click returntwice to return to the main menu.

To remove all temp nodes:


2. Click on the temp nodes panel.

3. Click clear allto remove all temp nodes.

4. Click return to return to the main menu.


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To change to performance graphics:

1. From the Macromenu, select the Disppanel.

2. Select the perpanel.

To export all geometry as an IGES file:

1. From any page, select the f i lespanel.

2. Click IGESfrom subpanels.

3. Input a name for f i lename =.

4. Click wri teto write out the model as an IGES file.

The IGES file you generate can be shared with other CAD packages such as UG, Catia, andProE.


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Geometry Clean Up - HyperMesh-130

This lesson introduces the geom cleanuppanel. This panel is used to prepare surface geometryfor meshing. The gaps, overlaps and misalignments that occur when surfaces are imported intoHyperMesh can prevent the automesher from creating quality meshes. By eliminating

misalignments and holes and by suppressing the boundaries between adjacent surfaces, you canautomesh across larger, more logical regions of the model and improve overall meshing speedand quality.

The following topics are included:

HyperMesh 4.0 Terminology

Geom cleanup panel features

Surface edit/filler surface subpanel

Using the geom cleanup and surface edit panels




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HyperMesh 4.0 Terminology

New HyperMesh terminology

face A single NURB; the smallest area entity.

surface A collection of one or more adjacent faces whose common edges aresuppressed. HyperMesh meshes on surfaces.

free edge The edge is owned by one surface. In the geom c leanuppanel, the default

color is red.

shared edge The edge is owned by two adjacent surfaces. In the geom cleanuppanel, thedefault color is green.

suppressed edge The edge is owned, or shared, by two adjacent surfaces. It is transparent tothe meshing routine. In the geom cleanuppanel, the default color is blue.

non-manifold edge The edge is owned by three or more surfaces. In the geom cleanuppanel,the default color is yellow.

fixed point A point associated with a surface. A fixed point is displayed as a small circle(o)and is the same color as the surface to which it is associated. Theautomesher places a finite element node at fixed points.

free point A point in space not associated with a surface. A free point is displayed as asmall x, (x),and is the same color as the geometry collector to which it

belongs.


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Geom Cleanup Panel Features

geom cleanup, edges subpanel menu

c leanup tol = The tolerance used to determine if two surface edges or two surface verticesshould be considered as one.

NOTE:

Values for c leanup tol=can be specified in two locations. The globalvalue forc leanup tol=is in the opt ions/model ingsubpanel. The localvalue forc leanup tol =,which is used for a specific cleanup operation, is in the geomcleanuppanel. Sometimes, operations performed by the local cleanuptolerance can be lost by a global cleanup tolerance overriding it.

An example of this is splitting a surface which was created by utilizing a localcleanup tolerance. Since the surface edit panel uses the global cleanuptolerance, all of the edges of the new surfaces will be reevaluated byHyperMesh to determine their cleaned up status.

It is recommended that a large value (reasonable with respect to the elementsize) be used for the c leanup tol=in the opt ions /mode l ingsubpanel. Forexample, for an element edge length of 10, ac leanup tolof 0.1 (10/100) or .05

(10/500) should be used.

v isua l opt ions Enables user to control display mode of surfaces and edges. View surfaces inwire frame or shaded mode. Display on/off surface edge types.

edges subpanel Used to remove gaps and overlaps between surfaces and to merge surfacestogether by modifying the edges of the surfaces.

togg le Convert individual surface edges from one edge type to another with singlemouse clicks. Free edge shared edge suppressed edge (red green

dotted blue).

replace Combine two free edges into a shared edge. Free edge shared edge (red

green).(un)suppress Suppress or unsuppress a number of edges simultaneously. Shared edge

suppressed edge (green dotted blue).

equivalence Convert free edges between adjacent surfaces to shared edges. Free edge shared edge. (red green).


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geom cleanup, surfaces subpanel

sur faces subpanel Used to delete duplicate surfaces, remove surface holes, organize surfaces.

f ind dup l ica tes Find and delete duplicate surfaces. Non-manifold edge shared or free edge(yellow green or red).

organ ize by feature Combine surfaces based on fillets. Shared edge suppressed edge (green dotted blue).

mo ve faces Stitch faces to an existing surface or stitch faces to create a new surface.Shared edge suppressed edge (green dotted blue).

geom cleanup, fixed points subpanel

f i xed po in tssubpanel Used to add, replace, and suppress fixed points.

ad d Create fixed points from existing free points or nodes.

replace Delete point to be moved and relocate associated geometry to retained point.

suppress Delete unnecessary fixed points or convert fixed points to free points.


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Surface Edit/Filler Surface Subpanel

filler surface Fill in a hole in CAD data by selecting lines, nodes, or points. Similar to

the splinepanel, with the exception that points cannot be selected in thespl inepanel.

NOTE In the sur face edi tpanel, the l ines from su r face edgesubpanel no

longer exists. In most panels, surface edges can be used as lines.


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Using the Geom Cleanup and Surface Edit Panels

In this exercise, you use the geom c leanuppanel and thefi l ler surfacesubpanel of the surfaceedi tpanel to import surface geometry and prepare it for meshing.

To import surface geometry data file:

1. Select the f i lespanel.

2. Select the impor tsubpanel.

3. Double-click t ranslator =.

4. Select iges, or if you are using a Windows version, select iges.exe.

5. Double-click f i le name =.

6. Select raw_iges_data.iges.

7. Click impor t.

8. Click return.

9. Review the iges.msgmessage file.

In the iges.msgfile, there are zero error and zero warning messages.

The message file has an .msgextension and is created in the directory in which HyperMesh

was invoked. After you import any file, it is good practice to review the message file forimport errors.

In the f i les / impor tsubpanel, use f i le geom toleranceand use automat ic c leanup tolaredefault settings. It is recommended that these settings be used when you import CAD datafiles into HyperMesh for the first time. Experienced users may want to override the defaultsettings based on prior knowledge with similar files. These options can be toggled to geomtol =and c leanup tol =. For information about these tolerances and how to use them, seeHyperMesh Help.

The file geometry tolerance for this file is 1.E-06. File geometry tolerance is recorded in igesfiles at the top of the files. For this exercise, the iges files top section follows:

HyperMesh Iges Preprocessor S0000001

1H,,1H;,15HHypermesh Model,9Htas2.iges,17HHyperMesh v3.0b10,4Hv1.0,32, G00

38,6,308,15,15HHypermesh Model,1.,2,2HYPERMESHM,1,0.,13H980709.084600,1.G0000002

5HYPERMESHr. X,1HX,10,0,13H980709.0G0000003

116 1 0 0 1 0 0 000000000D0000

116 0 0 1 0 0 0D0000002


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To display surface IDs:

1. Select the Toolpage.


3. Click the input collector switch and select sur fs.

4. Click sur fsand select all on the extended entity selection pop-up window.5. Click on.

The IDs for the displayed surfaces are displayed.

6. Click return.

To renumber surfaces:

1. Select the Toolpage.

2. Select the renumberpanel.

3. Click the input collector switch and select sur fs.

4. Click sur fsand select all on the extended entity selection pop-up window.

5. Click renumber.

The header bar displays the message, 12 surfs ranging from 1 to 12. Completed Through ID:0.

6. Click return.

7. Click pon the permanent menu.

The new surface IDs are displayed in the graphics area.

Renumbered and displayed surface IDs


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To save this work session as a HyperMesh database file:


2. Select the hm f i l esubpanel.

3. Click f i le =and enter geomcleanup.hm.

4. Clicksave.

The header bar displays the message, The file has been saved.

5. Click return.

To create non-solver specific component collectors:


2. Click the switch after col lec tor type:and select c omps .

3. Click name =and enter top.


5. If there is a name in the field following mater ia l =:

- Click material =.

- Click return.

The input field is now clear of that name.

6. Click co lo r.

7. Select Color 5.

8. Click create.

A component collector named top,with a default material collector named top,is created.

9. Repeat steps 3-9 to create three more component collectors named middle1, with Color 4,middle2, with Color 10, and bottom, with Color 9.

10. Click return.

To organize surfaces into component collectors:

1. Select the organizepanel.

2. Move surfaces to thebottomcomponent collector:

- Click the input collector switch and select sur fs.

- Pick surfaces 10, 11, and 12.

- Click dest inat ion =.

- Select bot tom.

- Click move.

3. Use the above procedure to move surfaces 3, 6, 8, and 9 to the middle1component

collector.

Surface 3 is hidden beneath surface 8.

4. Use the same procedure to move surfaces 4, 5, and 7 to the middle2component collector.

5. Use the same procedure to move surfaces 1 and 2 to the topcomponent collector.

6. Click return.


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To save this work session:


2. Select the hm f i l esubpanel.

geomcleanup.HyperMesh. is displayed after f i le =.

3. Click save.A dialog box displays the message geomcleanup.HyperMesh exists. Overwrite? (y/n).

4. ClickYes.

5. Click return.

To change surface edges from free to shared using edges/equivalencesubpanel:


2. Select the geom cleanuppanel.

3. Select the edgessubpanel.

4. Click the equivalenceradio button.

5. Click sur fsand select displayed.

6. Click cleanup tol = and enter .05.

7. Click equivalence.

The message, All surface edges within tolerance combined, is displayed in the header bar.Some free surface edges (red) became shared edges (green).

To identify and delete duplicate surfaces:

1. Select the sur facessubpanel.

2. Click the f ind d up l ica tesradio button.

3. Click facesand select displayed from the extended entity selection pop-up window.

4. Click f ind.

The message, One face is duplicated, is displayed in the header bar.

5. Click delete.

The message, One face was deleted, is displayed in the header bar.

To locate problem areas in geometry:

1. Click v isua l opt ions.

2. Click the toggle to change from wi re f r ameto shaded.

3. Click ron the permanent menu to rotate and view model.

The most obvious problems are a non-manifold edge, a missing surface between surfaces 10and 11, and in the corner where surfaces 1, 3, 5, and 7 meet.


5. Click the toggle to change from shadedto wire f rame.

To delete interior surface holes:

1. Measure the hole diameter:

- Press the F4function key to access the dis tancepanel.


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- Select the two nodessubpanel.

- Select any one of the three circles on surface 2:

- Press and hold left mouse button in the graphics area until the cursor changes into awhite square with a dot in the middle of it.

- Pick the circle and release the left mouse button.

- Pick a point on the highlighted circle.- A green node is placed on the circle.

- Pick a point on the same circle that is across from the green node .

- A blue node is displayed on the circle.

- The number in the input field following dis tance =is a value less than 3.

- Click return.

- The geom cleanuppanel is still displayed.

2. Select Defeature_-_HM-131panel.

3. Select the p inho lesradio button.

4. Click sur fsand selectdisplayedfrom the extended entity selection pop-up window.

5. Click diameter


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NOTE Do not set the cleanup tolerance to unreasonably high values. New edges aregenerated based on the cleanup tolerance. The cleanup tolerance not only affectsthe selected entities, but it affects the edges that touch the selected entities atvertices. The generated edges are accurate only to within the set cleanuptolerance. As a result, if unreasonably high tolerances are used, small gaps can

increase in distance up to the set tolerance.

The geom cleanupedges / togglesubpanel can also be used to combine thesurface 10 and 11 edges.

If the shortest distance between two surface edges is greater than the intendedelement size, do not use this function. Instead, use the surface fi l lersubpanel onthe surface editpanel. Create a filler surface and toggle surface edges tosuppressed edges accordingly. Another panel that can be used is the d rag geomssubpanel in the dragpanel.

To replace a fixed point:

1. Select the f i xed po in tssubpanel.

2. Click the replace radio button.3. Zoom into the corner of surface 9 which borders surface 1 and is on the perimeter of model.

4. Pick the surface 1 corner node.

5. Pick the surface 9 corner node.

6. Click replace.The surface 9 corner node is replaced with the surface 1 corner node.

To combine free edges to create shared edges using the edges/ togglesubpanel:

1. Select the edgessubpanel.

2. Select thetogg leradio button.

3. Click f on the permanent menu to fit displayed components to the graphics area.

4. Pick surface 3 free edge adjacent to surface 1.The surface edge becomes green. The surface edge selected in the edges / togg lesubpanelis the retained edge. The other edge, which is found automatically, is the edge which ismoved.

5. Pick the surface 9 free edge adjacent to surface 1.



8. Pick any other interior free edges.


10. Deactivate the shared edgescheck box to turn the display of these edges off.

11. Deactivate the f i xed po in tsto turn the display of these points off.Only the free edges that define the model perimeter and the interior holes remain.


13. Activate the shared edgescheck box to turn display of the edges on.

14. Activate the f i xed po in tscheck box to turn display of the points on.


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To stitch surfaces:

1. Click (un)suppress.

2. Pick the line between surfaces 4 and 6.

3. Pick the line between surfaces 3 and 5.

4. Pick the two linear lines between surfaces 3 and 9.5. Click suppress.

The selected lines change from shared (green) to suppressed (blue) edges.

6. Click return.

The suppressed surface edges are not displayed in the graphics area. They still exist in themodel and can be toggled back to shared edges in the geom c leanuppanel.

NOTE The resulting stitched surface is located in the component collector of the stitchedsurface having the lowest id. As a result of surfaces 4 and 6 being stitched together,the stitched surface is located in middle2component collector where surface 4 was

originally located. As a result of surfaces 3, 5, and 9 being stitched together, thestitched surface is located in middle1 component collector where surface 3 wasoriginally located.

In the geom c leanuppanel, HyperMesh treats lines and surface edges the same. Itis recommended that lines be displayed off or masked so that surface edges can beselected more easily.

To use the surface edit / filler surface subpanel:

1. Select sur face edi t.

2. Click f i l ler surface.

3. Zoom into the corner in which surfaces 1, 3, and 7 meet.

4. Click the three lines in the graphics area. Each line is between two fixed points.

The selected lines are highlighted white.

5. Click create.

Question dialog box pops-up stating Lines appear planar, project to plane? (y/n).

6. Click Yes.

A surface was created using the selected three lines.

7. Click return.

8. Click geom cleanup.

9. Click edges.

10. Click togg le.

11. Of the three lines selected in surface edit / f i l ler surfacesubpanel, pick the line closest tothe center of the model. The shared (green) edges are suppressed (blue).


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Defeature - HM-131

The defeature panel, located on the Geompage, provides tools to help remove unwantedfeatures in geometry, e.g. edge and surface fillets, holes etc. The tools remove features andcreate any necessary filler surfaces as a substitution.

Remove trim lines

Remove Pin Holes

Remove surface fillets and make sharp corners using the parameters specified

Remove edge/line fillets using the specified parameters

Trim-Intersect to remove edge fillets by selecting two points of tangency around the fillet


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Remove Trim Lines

Remove trim lines can be used to retrive the original surfaces from which the current surfaceswere trimmed. It can also be used to remove the interior trim lines of a surface. Interior trim linesare any free edges that are entirely contained within a surfaces boundary.

In this example, we will remove the interior trim lines by specifying one of the lines:

1. Retrieve the HM database file defeature.hm.

2. Go to the defeaturepanel on the Geompage.

3. Select t r im l inessubpanel.

4. Click the toggle below removeand select in ter ior t r im l ines.

5. Click l ines and select one of the interior trim lines defining one of the small rectanglular cutouts on the top center surface. Alternately, click in the l inesbox and select displayedfromthe extended selection menu.

6. Click untr imto remove the interior trim lines.

Note:The other option under remove is to remove all trim lines. This function allows you tospecify a surface and will return the original, untrimmed surface information. Depending on theCAD package and method used to create these surfaces, the results of this operation will vary.


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Surface Fillets

This function can be used to remove surface fillets, or fillets between two non-coplanar surfaces.The rounded fillet surface will be replaced by a planar, tangential extention of the adjacentsurfaces. Fillets may be specified by selecting the fillet profile as a line, or by specifying a surface

and range of fillet radii.

To search the surface fillets by min/max radius:

1. Retrieve the hm file defeature.hm.

2. Select the sur f f i l le tssubpanel.

3. Select the toggle for surfaces to search:and select sur fs.

4. Click in the sur fsbox and select displayed.

5. Set the fillet params as follows: Min radius = 5.0; Max radius = 15.000

6. Click f ind f i l le ts.

Figure 1: Use the radius parameters of an example fillet profile to identify surface fillets.

Note: At this point, a new subpanel appears where you can be specific about selecting the filletto be removed, fillet ends and edge associativity. Ignore edge assoc iat ioncan be used to verifyor modify the selection of edges whose adjacent surface geometry will be ignored in favor ofusing the selected fillet surfaces geometry when calculating the tangent surface. This iscommonly used if the adjacent surface has a very high degree of curvature compared to the fillet,or if the edge in question is a free edge. Fi l le t endscan be used to verify or modify fillet ends.Unless a string of fillets makes a complete loop and closes upon itself, you should see at leasttwo fillet end lines.


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7. Click remove to delete the rounded fillet surfaces and replace them with an intersecting,planar surface tangent to the fillet surface edge.

Figure2: After removing surface fillets, adjacent surfaces are extended along the tangent until they intersect.


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Edge Fillets

This option can be used to remove any edge fillets on a free surface edge. HyperMesh canidentify these fillets given a range of fillet radii and a minimum arc angle. Using these filteringoptions, you can find the fillets in your model and then remove them.

To remove fillets:

1. Retrieve the hm file defeature.hm.

2. Go to geompage and defeaturepanel.

3. Go to edge f i l le tssubpanel.

4. Click on surfs and select the end surface in the extreme +X and Z direction of the model.Set the rad iusand ang l evalues as follows: Min radius = 5.0;Max radius = 15.000;Minang le= 15.000.

5. Click f ind. The fillets will be identified with a blue Fand lines indicating the beginning andending points of tangency of the fillets.

6. Select both of the fillets to be removed. Alternately, click the f i l letsbutton and select al lfrom the pop up list.

7. Click removeto eliminate the fillets by projecting the surface edges from the point oftangency until they intersect.

Figure 3: Use the edge fi l letfunction to identify and remove rounded corners on free-surface edges.


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Trim-Intersect

The t r im in tersect function works like the edge fi l letfunction, except the points of tangency arespecified by clicking on the free-surface edge.

To trim points:

1. Rotate the model to center the view to the end surface in the most X and Z direction.

2. Select the t r im-intersectsubpanel.

3. With the blue box highlighting nodeunder 1stedge tr im lo cat ion: , select the trim point (point

of tangency) for one of the edge fillets, as shown in the figure below.

Figure 4: Click on points of tangency of the edge fillets to square off rounded corners on free-surface edges.

4. Select the second point of tangence for this edge fillet.

Note:In this panel, HM is expecting a point to be defined on a surface edge. A temporarynode will be created. After selecting the second point, the trimming and de-filleting operationwill occur.

5. Repeat these steps for the remaining free-edge fillets.

Note:Using a size 10 quad plate element, compare the resulting mesh for the defeaturedmodel to the original model.

6. Click returnto go back to the main menu.

7. Go to the automeshpanel on the 2-Dpage.

8. In the create mesh subpanel, click the sur fsbox and select al l.

9. Click the toggle next to interact iveand select the automat icmode.

10. Click meshto generate the mesh.


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Figure 5: Size 10 quad plate mesh after defeaturing the part.

Figure 6: Size 10 quad plate mesh without defeaturing the part.

Note:In these excersises, we used the functions in the defeaturepanel to simplify the geometryof a small part. The remove t r im l inesfunction was used to eliminate two rectangular cut outson the top surface. The surface fi l letfunction was used to remove the curved fillets where thetop surface transitioned to the sides. Edge fi l letand Tr im- intersectwere used to square off theend surfaces. The results of these operations will yield a more regular, geometric mesh.


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Altair Engineering HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial 135L1

Automesh Module - HM-135L

The automesh module has the ability to automatically mesh specified surfaces given an element

edge length. The module also has the ability to interactively select and mesh multiple surfaces.It can increase biasing, density, change mesh parameters, and element types all before

accepting the mesh. Once the mesh is created, the remeshbutton can be used to re-mesh thesurfaces.

The following exercises are included:

Layout of Automesh panel

The Use of Automeshing Modules and Remesh Function

Cleanup Surface and Add Fixed Points

Refine Element Quality by Remeshing Elements

File Needed:

Cleaned_Up-Geom.hm


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Altair Engineering2 HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorial 135L

Layout of Automesh Panel

The automesh panel includes four subpanels: create mesh, mesh pa rams, c leanup, andpro j

to edge.

create mesh subpanel

There are two options in the create mesh sub-panel. The toggle allows you to alternate betweenthe in teract iveand automat ic selection. The default is in teract ive. Theinteract ive option isused to automesh multiple surfaces or elements with user-controlled parameters. Once a surfaceor a group of elements have been selected for the automeshing module, the information isretained and updated with any changes to meshing parameters while in the automeshing module.The next time the selected entity, either surfaces or a group of elements, is brought into theautomeshing module, the saved data is used unless thereset mesh parameters to: button isselected, in which case the old information is discarded and new values are computed.

The meshing parameters can be set to either element size with element shape or use meshpa rams. When the mesh pa rams option is used, the mesh can be created by use chordaldev iat ionmeshor use size and biasin g. This tutorial uses the element size option. Theoptions when using use mesh pa ramsare illustrated in tutorials HM-140and HM-141.

The toggle between elements to current comp and elements to sur faces comp tellsHyperMesh where these newly created elements should be located. You can put createdelements in the associated surface components or the global current working component whereyou define them. After clicking the green meshbutton, the automeshing module will be displayedallowing you to adjust element density and biasing of all the shared and free edges belonging to

the selected surfaces, change element type, and perform quality checks. Once the elements arecreated, you may select surfaces that contain bad elements or a group of elements, and you canrefine them by clicking the remeshbutton. HyperMeshwill first delete the existing elements andthen re-mesh the selected entity.

The h igh l igh t sur fsbutton, below the f ind mesh error, directs HyperMesh to scan through allthe selected surfaces for mesh and highlight those failed in creating meshes in your last attempt.

If you select to refine a group of elements by changing the switch from sur fsto e l ems, you candecide whether you want to break connectivity between the selected group of elements and therest of the elements by activating a small check mark in front of the break connect iv i ty option.You can anchor nodes by activating the checkbox.

TheAutom at ic panel has the same features as the interact ive panel. The only difference is it

creates elements on surfaces without bringing up the automeshing modules.

TheMesh pa rams sub-panel is divided into two parts. The left part contains options andsettings for use chordal dev iat ionmeshing algorithm described in HM-141. The right partcontains options for the use size and biasin gmeshing algorithm described in tutorial HM-140.


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mesh params subpanel, use size and biasing.

mesh params subpanel, use chordal deviation.

Thec leanupsub-panel consists of four features: split surf, unsp l i t sur f, replace poin ts, and

togg le. Spl i t sur fhas the same function as t r im wi th two nodes located at the surface editpanel. After choosing two nodes on a selected surface, HyperMesh creates a line betweenthese two nodes, and uses this line to trim the selected surface at the normal direction.

Unsplit surf has the same function as remove inter ior t r im l i nes in the surface edit panel.This feature not only removes trim lines from associated surfaces, but also deletes them from themodel. A useful example of this feature is to remove pinholes. Replace poin ts has the samefunction as replace poin tsin the geom cleanup panel. The details of using this function aredescribed in tutorial HM-130-Geometry Clean Up. Togg le has the same function asedge/ togglein the geom c leanuppanel. The detail of using this function is also described in thetutorial HM-130-Geometry Clean Up.

cleanup subpanel

TheProj to edge sub-panel will locate all interior fixed points on a set of surfaces, then project

each of these points to the nearest (perpendicular) edge location on its own surface only. Thisproduces mesh patterns that are more regular in appearance.

The dis tance toleranceand angle tolerance are parameters used to control creation of fixedpoints. If the shortest distance between an edge and an interior fixed point is less than or equalto the distance tolerance, a fixed point will be created on the edge. If the angle ABC, formed byan existing fixed point on an edge (A), the fixed point to-be-created (B) and the interior fixed point(C), is less than the angle tolerance, a fixed point will not be created.

project to edge subpanel


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The Use of Automeshing Modules and RemeshFunction

In this exercise you will first interactively mesh selected surfaces, then apply various automeshing

modules, remesh selected surfaces, and finally delete all the elements using remesh button.To retrieve the Cleaned_Up_Geom.hmfile and display surf ids:

1. Retrieve the Clean_Up_Geom.hmfile.

Enter the filespanel on any page of the main menu.

Click hm f i l eand f i le = cleaned_up_geom.hm.

Click retrieveto clear current session and pull up the file.

Clickreturnto exit the panel and return to main menu.

2. Display all the surface IDs.

Enter the numberspanel under Tool page.

Change selection to sur fs. Click sur fsto bring up the extended entity selection window.

Select all surfaces in figure.

Click the on button.

To interactively automesh and use the automeshing module:

1. Go to the globalpanel, set the currents :comp =bot tom, enter element size=2.0and clickreturn.

2. Enter the automeshpanel through 2Dpage and go to the create mesh subpanel. Make surethe toggle remains in interact ive.

3. Switch from elements to current compto elements to sur faces comp.


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4. Select sur fsand select surface id 6, and 7 (see figure above).

5. Click mesh. The automesh modules including dens i ty, algor i thm, t y pe, bias ing, de ta i l s ,and c hec k s will be displayed in the main menu area.

6. Click meshbutton and review the temporary mesh.

Note:Select the checks panel, and then click on warpagepanel to check warpage value.

Notice that the maximum warpage found is equal to 3.25.

7. Click the radio button in front of algor i thmmodule to activate the function.

Note:The small square icons on the center of surface id 6 and 7 indicate that HyperMeshwill use mapped as rectanglemeshing algorithm to create the mesh.

8. Change the meshing algorithm:

Click meshbutton and review the temporary mesh setting.

Click the switch below the mesh ing a lgor ithmand choose f ree (unmapp ed).

Note:The f ree (unm apped)option allows HyperMesh to mesh freely.

Move the mouse and click the square icon located at the center of surface id 6. The iconwill show the new meshing algorithm.

Click on meshagain and examine how the mesh changes.

Note:Select the checks panel, and then click on warpagepanel to check warpage value.Notice that now the maximum warpage found is equal to 6.12. Which is a significantimprovement if compared to the previous value 35.21 by using mapp ed as rectanglemeshing algorithm.

Click the switch below the mesh ing a lgor ithmand choose mapped as t r iang le.

Move the mouse and click the square icon located at the center of surface id 6. The icon

will change to a triangle shape.

Click on meshand examine the error appeared on the menu bar.

Note: The mapped as t r iang lealgorithm should be applied to a surface with three sidesonly. The mapped as pentagonalgorithm should be applied to a surface with five sides

only.

Repeat the same steps to change the meshing algorithm back to autodec ide.

Click set allbutton on the right side of meshing algorithm. This step is to applyautodec ideoption on all the selected surfaces.

Click mesh button.

9. Change the smooth ingalgorithm:

Click the switch below the smoo thing algor i thmand choose shape corrected.

Click set allbutton to apply the algorithm to all the selected surfaces.

Click smoothbutton and examine the change of the mesh.

Note: Select the checks panel, check warpageand note that Max warpageis now 31.22.

Click the switch below the smoo thing algor i thmand choose no smooth ing.

Click set allbutton to apply the algorithm to all the selected surfaces.

Click smoothbutton and examine the change of the mesh.

10. Change the smoo thing algor i thmback to autodec ide.

11. Change the mesh ing a lgor ithmback to autodec ide.


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12. Click mesh.

13. Activate the t y pemodule to check the element type that will be used to generate the mesh.Three element types, quad, t r iaand mixedare available.

14. Change the meshing element type to mixed:

Click on the switch below the element type: and choose mixed.

Click on set allbutton.

Click on meshand examine the change of mesh on those selected surfaces.

15. Change the meshing element type to quads:

Click on the switch below the element type: and c

Documents

HyperMesh 5.0 Tutorials