,I .4 A, Supplement the American Land lresh-Water Isopod Crustacea · A, Supplement to the American Land and lresh-Water Isopod Crustacea BY WILLARD G. VAN NAME BULLETIN THEIAMERICAN

A, Supplement to the American Land and lresh-WaterIsopod Crustacea

BY WILLARD G. VAN NAME

BULLETIN

THEIAMERICAN MIUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Vo LXX II. ART. ii, pp. 19-142

New York

Issued June 20, 1940

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Article II. A SUPPLEMENT TO THE AMERICAN LAND AND FRESH-WATER ISOPOD CRUSTACEA

BY WILLARD G. VAN NAME

Figures 1 to 32

During the period that has elapsed sincethe publication of "The American Land andFresh-Water Isopod Crustacea" in May,1936,1 a number of additional species havebeen added to the American list and newinformation published regarding manyothers. It therefore seemed desirable toprepare a supplement to that work to coverthe additional species, correct errors andomissions and record changes in nomen-clature and notes and references of im-portance on other American forms.

This article is to be regarded as purelysupplementary to my work of 1936 namedabove, and is designed for use only inconnection with it. No attempt is made torepeat matter that was given in that work.The present article consists of the fol-

lowing three parts:I.-Descriptions of new species and other

species added to the American list.II.-Additional notes and references,

changes of names, corrections, etc., apply-ing to species dealt with in my 1936 work.

III.-Additions to the bibliography (in-cluding works omitted in 1936).The following four species are described

as new to science:Trichoniscus (Miktoniscus) medcofi, new speciesPhiloscia floridana, new speciesPhiloscia avrilensis, new speciesExosphaeroma insulare, new speciesThe following species and subspecies

described by other writers are added to thelist of known American land and fresh-

TrichoniGENUS OR SUBGENUS ANDRONISCUS

VERHOEFF, 1908A division of Trichoniscus in the com-

prehensive sense composed of a number of1 Bull. American Museum of Natural History,

LXXI, pp. i-vii, 1-535, Figs. 1-323, by Willard G.Van Namne.

109

water forms. There are a number of addi-tions in the family Asellidae, which haslately been the subject of an increasedamount of study.

Trichoniscus (Androniscus) dentiger Verhoeff,1908

Philoscia bonariensis Giambiagi de Calabrese,1935

Neotroponiscus carolii Arcangeli, 1936Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833Porcellio spinicornis occidentalis Miller, 1936Porcellio dilatatus Brandt, 1833?Porcellio ragusae Dollfus, 1896Porcellio littorina Miller, 1936Circoniscus p1alidus Arcangeli, 1936Nerocila armata Dana, 1853Asotana splendida (Leigh-Sharpe), 1937Exosphaeroma platense Giambiagi, 1922Asellus montanus Mackin and Hubricht, 1938Asellus dentadactylus Mackin and Hubricht:

1938Caecidotea macropopoda Chase and Blair, 1937Caecidotea ozarkana Chase and Blair, 1937Mancasellus ouachitaensis Mackin and Hub-

richt, 1938Mancasellus louisianae Mackin and Hubricht,

1938Through the kindness of Dr. E. C.

Williams, Jr., of Northwestern University,I have had the opportunity of examininga large collection of isopods recently madeat Barro Colorado Island, Panama CanalZone, but failed to find any undescribedspecies. I am also under special obliga-tions to Dr. J. C. Medcof, of the CanadianFisheries Research Board, Mr. StanleyMulaik of Edinburg, Texas, and Prof.T. D. A. Cockerell of Boulder, Colorado,for interesting material sent me.

European species and races, the females ofwhich are practically alike, though themales are distinguishable by characters ofthe pleopoda and legs. They are remark-able for their coloration, usually a strikingpink or orange-pink, in life. (See Ver-hoeff, 1908c.)

PART I.-DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND OTHER SPECIES ADDED TOTHE AMERICAN LIST

SUBORDER ONISCOIDEA, LAND ISOPODS

Bulletin American Mus

Most of them have been included underthe name Trichoniscus roseus (Koch). Thetrue roseus was described by Koch (as Itearosea) from Bavaria.Among the most distinctive character-

istics of the males of this group are thepeculiar modification of the merus of theseventh legs and the spoonlike terminationof endopodite of the first pleopoda, bothof which are well exemplified in the illus-trations of the species that follows.

Trichoniscus (Androniscus) dentigerVerhoeff, 1908

Figure 1Androniscus dentiger VERHOEFF, 1908C, P.

139, Fig. I0.-VANDEL, 1933, p. 131.-WAECHT-

mx

Fig. 1. Trichoniscus (Androniscus) dentiger %

LER, 1937, p. 258, Fig. 50.-MEDCOF, 1939,P. 115.

Philougria rosea KINAHAN, 1857, Nat. Hist.Rev., V, p. 197, P1. XXIII, fig. 3.-BATE ANDWESTWOOD, 1868, Hist. Brit. sessile-eyed Crust.,II, p. 460, Fig.

Trichoniscus (Androniscus) dentiger ARCAN-GELI, 1931a, p. 12.

Trichoniscus roseus BUDDE LUND (in partonly), 1879, p. 9; 1885, p. 247.-SARS (in partonly), 1899, p. 163, P1. LXXIII, fig. 1."Body oblong oval, greatest width al-

most attaining half the length, dorsal facebut slightly convex, and rough, owing to

Beum of Natural History [Vol. LXXVII

numerous densely crowded tubercles ar-ranged in transversal rows. Cephalontransversely oval, with the lateral lobeswell-marked, denticulate, front nearlystraight. Lateral parts of mesosome moreexpanded than in the other species, 1stpair rather broad and partly flanking thecephalon, the 3 posterior pairs recurvedand acuminate. Metasome (in male) ex-ceeding half the length of the mesosome,and but little more than half as broad;terminal expansion of last segment trans-versely truncate, with 4 small apical spi-nules. Antennulae with the last joint muchlonger than the 2nd, and carrying 6 sen-sory filaments, 5 apical and 1 lateral.Antennae comparatively slender, attaining

Verhoeff, 1908. After Sars, 1899 (T. "roseus").

1/3 of the length of the body, flagellumcomposed of 4 articulations. Last pair oflegs in male peculiarly modified, havingthe meral joint strongly dilated, and pro-duced inside to a large conical prominence,in against which the succeeding jointadmits of being bent. Inner ramus of 1stpair of pleopoda in male, with the terminaljoint dilated at the end in the form of alittle bowl of a spoon; that of 2nd pairrather strong and distinctly 3-articulate,terminal joint knife-shaped and denticu-

110

Van Name, Supplement to American Isopod Crustacea

late inside. Uropoda with the outer ramusabout twice the length of the basal part,inner ramus somewhat narrower, butscarcely shorter. Color of dorsal face inlife of a clear minium-rose. Length ofadult male 5 mm.

"This species, first described by Koch,

in the belief that it would be found inNorway also.The first American record of this species

is due to Dr. J. C. Medcof. He reports it(Medcof, 1939) as occurring in manygreenhouses in the region of London,Ontario, and Toronto.

Fig. 2. Trichoniscus (Miktoniscus) medcofi, new species.

is easily distinguished by its comparativelybroad and flattened body, the dorsal faceof which is densely granular, and by itsbeautiful colour, which, however, is onlyseen in fresh specimens." (Sars, 1899, pp.163-164.)This is the common, if not the only,

representative of the roseus group innorthwestern Europe (British Islands, Bel-gium, Luxemburg and parts of France),including, at least in greenhouses, localitiesin northern Germany and Denmark. Sars,1899, included and illustrated it (under thename roseus) in his Crustacea of Norway

Trichoniscus (Miktoniscus) medcofi,new species

Figure 2Body proportionately narrower than usual in

the Trichoniscidae (ratio at least 4 to 1 if theintersegmental muscles are relaxed), the backconsiderably arched transversely, its surface withscattered short hairs and many small scabroustubercles which form at least four more or lessdefinite transverse rows on most of the thoracicsegments. The tubercles are very conspicuouson the head and anterior segments becoming lessprominent toward the rear but do not disappearentirely even on the abdomen. The frontaloutline seen from above is convex, with fairlylarge lateral lobes extending obliquely down and

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Bulletin American Museum of Natural History

forward and having a rounded anterior margin.Eyes composed of a single large ocellus sur-rounded by a somewhat larger area of blackpigment. Antennae with a flagellum of fourdistinct articles and a terminal group of bristles.

Thoracic segments I to IV inclusive, with therear corners rounded (IV only slightly), V toVII have the rear corners quite acute and in-creasingly extended backward. The legs are allquite long with well-developed spines. Leg VIIof the male has the merus widened posteriorlyand compressed from side to side.The abdomen is abruptly somewhat narrower

than segment VII of the thorax, and tapersconsiderably. The rear corners of segments 3to 5 are extended back into sharp points ratherclosely appressed to the following segment.The pleopoda of the first two pairs of the male

conform quite closely to Kesselyak's (1930) de-scription of the type species Miktoniscus linearis.

basal joints of the uropoda are short and havethe insertion of the inner branch removed by asmall lateral interval from, and somewhat far-ther forward than, that of the outer branch,which is considerably the longer and stouter.The largest example is a male measuring

somewhat over 5 mm. long when the inter-segmental muscles are well relaxed.The specimens, except very young ones, are

strongly pigmented, having the upper surfacehandsomely variegated with brown or purplish-brown pigment on a light background which iswhitish or yellowish in the preserved material.There is usually a narrow dark streak across theforehead extending through and behind the eyeon each side.LOCALITIES.-Native habitat unknown.

Dr. J. C. Medcof, for whom the species isnamed, kindly sent me about 40 specimens,

Fig. 3. Philoscia bonariensis Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1935. After that author.

The outline of the median sexual appendagemay be described as Kesselyak does, by callingit cigar-shaped. It has a slightly acuminate tipon which a few fine cross striations are visible onhigh magnification. This appendage 'is quitelong and is not normally carried between, butextending ventral to, and independent of thefirst pair of pleopoda. ' That pair has the exopo-dites plate-like, narrowed in the di,tal halfand rounded at the tip; the endopo1ites arestyliform and composed of two narrow elongatesegments. The distal segment may be describedas a very narrow, slightly twisted taperinglamella stiffened by an axial midrib, which isitself slightly curved dorsally and 'nedially.The extreme, slightly curved tip, when highlymagnified, is seen to bear a small file-like areaof sharply defined furrows on its convex aspect.

In the second pleopoda the exopodite is plate-like, short and wide, with a narrow posteriorextension; the endopodite has a short basalsegment and a long styliform distal 'segmentwhich tapers into a very slender seta that reachesfar back toward the end of the abdomen.The telson has the median extension rather

narrow. The rear end is without spines and istruncated in a distinctly convex curve. The

including a large proportion of males, fromUrbana, Illinois, collected October 27, 1936,on the moist floor of the Botanical Green-house of the University of Illinois where itis said to be abundant and a few additionalones from another greenhouse in that city,also a single specimen from the GarfieldPark Conservatory, Chicago, Illinois, col-lected February 9, 1939. The type is inThe American Museum of Natural History(Cat. No. A.M.N.H. 9069).

OniscidaePhiloscia bonariensis Giambiagi de

Calabrese, 1935Figure 3

Philoscia bonariensis GIAMBIAGI DE CALA-BRESE, 1935, pp. 495, 496, 1 Fig. (misspelledPhyloscia in legend of figure).Only briefly described, and the figure

here reproduced given in the above paper.

112 [VOl. LXXVII


A more detailed description in a futurenumber of Anal. Mus. Argentino Cien. Nat.is promised.The species is said to resemble P. longi-

cornis Budde-Lund of Mediterranean coun-tries but to have longer and differentlyproportioned antennae. The integumentis of soft consistency, minutely punctateand covered with a short, scattered pubes-cence. The uropoda are as long as theabdomen. Color dusky ("pardusco").Length 8.5 mm., width 3.5 mm.

parts of the outline of the head. Eyes unusuallylarge, almond-shaped, wide in front and verybulging but composed of rather few large con-spicuously developed ocelli, 13 in the largerspecimen, 11 in the smaller, in addition to one ormore poorly developed ones in each case. Notubercle between the first antennae.

Second antennae moderately long, quite slen-der and very slightly pubescent. In the malespecimen their length if straightened out wouldexceed half the body length. The first articleof the flagellum, which exceeds the fifth jointof the peduncle, is slightly the longest; the lastone, exclusive of the terminal bristle, is almostas long as the first.

Fig. 4. Philoosca floridana, new species.

LOCALITY.-Quequ6n, Province ofBuenosAires, Argentina. Types in Mus. Argen-tino, Cien. Nat., No. 13051.

Philoscia floridana, new speciesFigure 4

Closely allied to Philo8cia inquilina fromBritish Guiana and P. richmondi from PuertoRico, especially to the former.Body seen from above elliptical, the surface

unusually even and glossy, the head abruptlynarrower below the eyes, rather large, with thefront border convex (slightly sinuous when thehead is tilted up); with scarcely a vestige oflateral lobes, the eyes forming the antero-lateral

Thoracic segments I to III have the rearcorners rounded, in IV they form about a rightangle; the last three segments are increasinglyextended back with the rear corners angular(differing conspicuously from the rounded cor-ners in P. inquilina). All the thoracic segmentshave the lateral ends cut off in a convex curve,especially the more anterior ones. Legs moder-ately long, rather weakly spinous. Sexualdifferences in them were not observed.The abdomen is fairly long and not greatly

tapered. Segments 3 to 5 have the extendedrear corners small, appressed and acute. Telsonwith the sides slightly converging in the anteriorpart; the main part is widely triangular with aslight suggestion of sinuosity in the sides;the apex slightly prominent but not acute.

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Uropoda mutilated or missing in the availablespecimens.The extended endopodites of the first pleop-

oda of the male are stout and noticeably bentoutward at the abruptly narrowed tips. Theirexopodites have a rather long backward exten-sion rounded at the tip. In the two specimensat hand the coloration of the upper parts is quitestriking and probably somewhat characteristic.On the main part (tergum) of each thoracicsegment the anterior part is light colored, thepigment being confined to the posterior part,while on each of the epimera there are tworather narrow dark antero-posterior stripes on alight (unpigmented) background. This pro-

larger eyes, the acute instead of roundedrear corners of segments V, VI and VII,differently shaped pleopoda in the male aswell as by the coloration. There appear tobe other minor differences in the presentspecies, such as the wider head, less definitefrontal line, the tip of the telson less acute,etc., but if so it is difficult to be sure with-out more material.Two specimens, male and female, both

more or less mutilated and incomplete,were obtained by Dr. F. E. Lutz at Winter

Fig. 5. Philoscia avrilersis, new species.

duces the effect of seven light and seven widedark stripes across the back between the epi-mera, with a longitudinally striped border oneach side comprising three light and two darkstripes on each epimeron. The coloration ofthe head and abdomen presents nothing strikingexcept the presence of a conspicuous dark bandbetween the eyes. There is some dark pigmenton the legs and lower parts.The species appears to be a small one. The

male, though fully adult and with firm integu-ment is only 5 mm. long and not quite 2 mm.wide, the female is immature and smaller andproportionately narrower-bodied.

This species is distinguished from P.inquilina, apparently its closest ally, by

Park, Florida, inmale specimen isA.M.N.H. 9023).

February, 1939. Thethe type (Cat. No.

Philoscia avrilensis, new speciesFigures 5, 6

The body, seen from above, is rather broadlyoblong, with lateral ends of the first thoracicsegment and to a decreasing extent also of thesecond and third, turned horizontally outwardso as to form a projecting border.The head is narrow and deeply set back in

the thorax. The lateral lobes are unusuallyprominent for a member of the Philoscia group.They are of rounded outline, but are turned

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1VanName, Supplemen-t to American Isopod Crustacea

into an obliquely vertical position so that as seenfrom above they appear quite narrow. Theupper border of the epistome is quite closelyappressed to the front of the head and dipsdownward in a deep V at the median line asseen from in front. Above this border themedian part of the forehead is slightly concaveor impressed.The eyes are lar ge, with at least 22 well-

developed ocelli. The anteininae are loing anidslender, reaching alonig the fourth thoracic seg-ment when drawni back. Their flagellum islikewise long and slender; its proximal article isthe longest and the terminal one a little theshortest, if its short terminal spine is not in-cluded.

Fig. 6. Philoscia avrilensis, new species, details.

The entire dorsal surface as well as that of theantennae is noticeably rough and scabrous as

seen with a hand lens; in addition there are, on

the head and thoracic segments, especially theforward ones, scattered small tubercles which forthe most part are not arranged with any regut-larity. On the thoracic segments there is a very

slightly impressed transverse furrlow a little wayin front of the rear margin.Even the first thor acic segmenit shows, by the

sinuous curve of its rear margin, a slight tend-ency to a backwar d extension of the l ear

lateral corners. Theii extension increases pro-

gressively and becomes very great in the threeposterior segments. In these last three seg-ments the reai corner is acute; in segments I,

II and III it is r-ounded; in segment IV theapex of the angle is slightly rounded off. Thelegs are rather weak and slender though fairlylong. There does not appear to be very muchsexual differ entiationi in the legs, though themore numnerous spinies pr esenit oni the merutis and(1carpus of the three anfterior pairs of legs of themale may be a sexual character.The abdominal epimera are long, narrow and

turned directly backward. The endopodite ofpleopod 1 of the male has three teeth at its tip.The telson is wide and has only a very shortbackward extension, which is triangular withconcave sides qnd an acute apex which does notreach as far back as the tips of the fifth epimera.The telson has a shallow median depression orcavity on the surface. Both uropoda are missingin the only specimen. The color is the usualbrown with light (unpigmented) markings char-acteristic of the Philoscia group.Length of the type and only specimen (a male):

11.2 mm. It is Catalogue No. 8101 in theA.M.N.H. collection.LOCALITY.-Bois d'Avril, Haiti, altitude

6000 feet, collected by Bird and Winkhans,March 7, 1935.

This is quite different from any otherAmerican species of Philoscia that I haveseen. The broad body with small tubercleson the surface, the head deeply set back inthe thorax, the long posteriorly directedabdominal epimera and the prominentlateral lobes of the front of the head give itsome superficial likeness to an Oniscus.There are, however, no traces of the flutingof the external plates of the first and secondplopoda nor any tracheae in them that Icould discover after removal of the ap-pendages and clearing in glycerine. Itagrees quite closely in many characterswith the southern European subgenusTiroloscia Verhoeff, 1926 (Mitt. Bulg. Ent.Gesell., III, p. 155, and 1929, Zool. Jahrb.Syst., LVI, p. 136, Figs. 30, 39).

NEOTROPONISCUS ARCANGELI, 1936This genus was established for the fol-

lowing peculiar species:

Neotroponiscus carolii Arcanigeli, 1 936Figure 7

Neotroponiscus caroltii ARCANGELI, 1936, p.201, PI. Iv, figs. 1-4.

General form of the body that of aPorcellio; the relatively small convexityof the dorsal surface is limited to thetergites; the epimera extending out hori-zontally, especially those of the first seg-ment.Under high magnification integument of

the dorsal surface appears finely scaly, butthe chief characteristic is the presence ofhigh conical tubercles r-egularly arrangedin transverse rows on the head and body

19401 115


segments. They do not extend on to theepimera. There are also small scatteredscale-like setae, some of which form aseries along the rear margin of the seg-ments.The head is completely immersed in the

concavity of the front thoracic segment; it isremarkable for the very long lateral andmedian lobes as may be seen from theillustration. The eyes have 17 to 18ocelli, the antennae are stout and reachbeyond the rear margin of the secondsegment of the thorax when drawn back.

LoCALITY.-Two female specimens wereobtained at Pirajil, State of Sao Paulo,Brazil by Prof. E. Caroli.

Arcangeli considers this genus related toPorcellio although no tracheae are presentin the external plates of any of the ple-opoda.

PLATYARTHRUS BRANDT, 1833The broad, depressed body of oval out-

line with rather large expanded epimera,the short but wide flattened antennaewhich present the unusual feature of having

Fig. 7. Neotroponiscus carolii Arcangeli, 1936. After Arcangeli. Lower right-hand figureshows the posterior margin of segment I greatly enlarged.

The flagellum has the proximal articlealmost half the length of the second.The epimera of segments 3 to 5 are long

and curved backward, the telson has along, narrow, oblong median extensionrounded at the end and provided with aprominent median keel for two-thirds of itslength. The uropoda are very small butof the form usual in Porcellio and its allies.COLORATION.-Variegated with brownish

and pallid areas, becoming whitish on theepimera, uropoda and antennae. Length:4.4 mm.; width (at the 4th thoracic seg-ment): 2.11 mm.

the flagellum reduced to a single article;the short thick legs, absence of eyes andthe white or whitish coloration due toabsence of pigment, distinguish this genus,which is of subterranean habits, living espe-cially in ants' nests. Of the few speciesconstituting the genus, only the followingis widely distributed.

Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt,1833

Figure 8Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii BRANDT, 1833,

p. 12, P1. iv, fig. 10.-BUDDE-LUND, 1879, p. 2;

116 [Vol. LXXVII


1885, p. 199.-SARS, 1899, p. 175 (-seggi), P1.Lxxvi, fig. 2.-ARCANGELI, 1921, p. 190 (-geggi),P1. VII, fig. 1.-WAECHTLER, 1937, p. 274, Fig. 75.

Sars, 1899, p. 175, gives the followingdescription:"Body broadly oval, and much depressed,

with the dorsal face smooth, though slightlygranulose all over. Cephalon partly flankedby the side-plates of 1st segment of meso-some, frontal edge arcuate and minutelycrenulated, lateral lobes narrowly roundedat the tip, and obliquely produced in front,edges crenulated. Side-plates of meso-some rather large, lamellar, subcontiguous,1st pair the largest, edges finely denticulate.

part rather large, oblong, outer ramusabout same length and lanceolate in form,inner ramus much narrower, and scarcelyextending to the middle of the outer.Colour pure white. Length of adultfemale 3 mm."A species widely distributed in southern

and central Europe. It was not includedin my work of 1936 as I could then findno record of its occurrence in America.Since that time Dr. G. E. Hutchinson ob-tained it near Lindsley Pond, North Bran-ford, Connecticut, in the nest of an ant"apparently Lasius flavus nearcticus

Fig. 8. Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833.

Metasome scarcely exceeding 1/3 of thelength of the mesosome, the 2 anterior seg-ments very small, epimeral plates of the 3succeeding segments narrow, recurved;last segment comparatively short, tri-angular, resembling that in Philosciamuscorum. Antennulae with -the basaljoint fully as long as the other 2 combined.Antennae scarcely exceeding 1/3 of thelength of the body, and hirsute all overwith short hairs; last peduncular jointvery large and dilated, flagellum shorterthan that joint, and lanceolate in form.Legs densely spinous inside, propodal jointconical in form. Uropoda with the basal

After Sars, 1899.

Wheeler," and also found one in a nest ofFormica fusca var. subseracea Say. Hesent me two fine specimens fromui the NorthBranford locality, and says it is apparentlywell established in the vicinity of NewHaven, Connecticut.

Porcellio spinicornis occidentalisMiller, 1936Figures 9A, B

Porcellio spinicornis occidentalis MILLER,1936, p. 170, Figs. 8, 12, 20, 25, 26.

Differs from the typical spinicornisaccording to Miller in the followingrespects:

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1.-Articles of flagellum subequal; thefirst not longer than the second. 2.-Me-dian lobe of the head not so expanded.3.-Ischiopodite of seventh legs of malemore bowed. 4.-Telson spatulate ratherthan triangular.LoCALITIES.-Common in the San Fran-

cisco Bay region and along the coast ofCalifornia, also found at Davis nearSacramento (Miller). "P. spinicornis" hasbeen reported as occurring in California"with P. laevis" by Essig, 1926, p. 3, butto what extent this record may apply tothe present subspecies I do not know.

Bc

Fig. 9. A, B. Porcellio spinicornis occi-dentalis Miller, 1936. After Miller. C. Por-cellio spinicornis, typical form, outline of telson.After Sars, 1899.

Miller's figures indicate that the telsonand the frontal outline of his new sub-species are very different from those of thetypical spinicornis as illustrated by Sarsan(l Waechtler, and as I find them ineastern American examples. The pleopodaare similar to those of the typical form ofspinicornis according to Miller. Were itnot that the closely related species P. dila-tatus Brandt, 1933 (see below), is consider-ably wider-bodied than spinicornis andtherefore not likely to be confused with it,I would be inclined to suspect that P. s.occidentalis might be that species, which isnow known to occur in America.

Porcellio dilatatusBrandt and Ratzeburg, 1833

Figure 10Porcellio dilatatus BRANDT AND RATZEBUJRG,

1829-1833, II, p. 78, P1. xii, fig. 6.-BRANDT,1833, p. 14, P1. iv, figs. 7, 13.-BUDDE-LUND,1879, p. 2; 1885, p. 106.-METNERTZ, 1934,p. 237, Figs. 11, 12, etC.-WAECHTLER, 1937,p. 283, Fig. 88.

Allied to P. spinicornis an(l similar to itin most respects, but conspicuously wider-bodied, and lhaving the extendled part of thetelson rounded at the end insteadl ofpointed. Head and anterior part of thebody tuberculated, becoming smoothertoward the posterior end. Color of upperparts more or less marbled or variegated,but the middle and often the lateral lobesof the head dark colored. Median lobe ofhead somewhat triangular and ratherprominent when seen from above.DISTRIBUTION.-A native of the westernii

Mediterranean region, now widely dis-persed about human habitations in variousparts of the world. As noted under P. s.occidentalis, it may occur in California, butthe only American specimen to come intomy hands is one from Indian Gardens,Grand Canyon, Arizona, collected bv Dr.P. C. Geiser, June 23, 1938.

?Porcellio ragusae Dollfus, 1896Figures 11, 12

Porcellio ragusae DOLLFUS, 1896f, p. 2, Fig.2.-VERHOEFF, 1933a, pp. 3, 19, 25, 28; 1938,pp. 102, 119.

I assign to this species provisionally,and with some hesitation because of certainpoints of uncertainty mentioned below,four specimens from Texas, that apparentlyrepresent an Old World form that has beenaccidentally introduced. No Europeanispecimens have been available for com-parison.

In the Texas specimens the body, seenfrom above, is oblong, rather parallelsided, with the head deeply set back intothe thorax, and the abdomnen short thoughnot abruptly narrower than the last seg-ment of the thorax. It is considerablyarched transversely.The dorsal surface of the head and

thorax are quite thickly covered with smallrounded tubercles which are most numer-

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1Van Name, Supplement to American Isopod Crustacea

ous on the head and anterior thoracicsegments, becoming fewer and less con-spicuous posteriorly, and disappearing onthe abdomen. They show a tendency toarrangement in transverse rows, about fiverows on the first thoracic segment decreas-ing to three and finally to two on theposterior ones. Besides these there is arow of very much smaller tubercles alongor close to the rear border of the segments.The general surface of the back betweenthe tubercles bears scattered, very minutescabrous setae or stiff and very short hairs,visible only with some magnification.The head is rather narrow and well set

back in the thorax. The eyes are largewith many well-developed ocelli not all ofwhich are well pigmented. Below them

.0

segment V when well drawn back. Thefemales have the antennae considerablyshorter and weaker. The flagellum of theantennae is long and has the basal articlemuch exceeding (but not twice as long as)the terminal one. The antennae have thesegments more or less grooved or longi-tudinally carinated, but with poorly de-veloped dentiform processes.Only the last three thoracic segments

(nos. V, VI and VII) have the rear anglesactually sharp. Segment IV has only theextreme apex of the angle rounded a little;those in front have it more so. Even thefirst thoracic segment shows a slight sinu-ous curvature of the rear margin of thesegment. This curvature becomes pro-gressively greater towar(l the rear; in

Fig. 10. Porcellio dilatatus Brandt, 1933. After Waechtler, 1937, and Meiinertz, 1934.

the frontal margin forms two large laterallobes extending obliquely forward; theyare of somewhat square outline with thecorners much rounded. Between themthe frontal margin is continuous but up-turned and much less prominent, exceptthat in the middle it is extended forwardinto a small lobe (widely triangular withstraight sides as seen from above) whoseslightly upturned surface is somewhatconcave. This median lobe extends evenfarther forward than the lateral ones whenthe head is held level. Above its medianprojecting point the front outline of theforehead as seen fronm above is slightlyre-entrant.The antennae are long and fairly stout in

the male, reaching the anterior part of

segments III and IV it has already becomewell marked.The legs of segments I-III, inclusive,

and VII show sexual modifications in themale, those of 1, II and to a less extent III,having brush-like areas of short spines asusual in the genus. The legs of segmentVII have the basipodite considerably in-flated or swollen, and the ischium of some-what concave outline below and with alarge rather shallow depression on theexternal aspect of the distal half of thatsegment, as if it had been pinched orpressed in.The outlines of the male pleopoda ap-

proximate to those of Porcellio spinicornis.The telson has its posterior extension un-usually large and wide, triangular and

1191940]


acute at the tip with rather straight sides.It has an oval but only very slightly con-cave median depression on the uppersurface. The uropoda have flattened ta-pering external branches which are quiteshort in the female as shown in the figure,but which are at least one and one-halftimes as long in the only one of the malesin which they are not missing.The coloration of the upper surface is

verging toward the telson, which is pig-mented, as are also parts of the large basalsegments of the uropoda, the antennae andthe upper surface of the lateral and medianlobes of the head.Body length of the largest specimen,

which is a female, about 11 mm. One ofthe male specimens is not very muchsmaller.LoCALITIEs.-Two females and a male

Fig. 11. Specimen supposed to be Porcellio ragusae Dollfus, 1896.

rather pale, and consists of a light marblingof gray or blackish on the light yellowbackground formed by the unpigmentedparts. The pigmented areas are so placedas to give the back a somewhat indistinctlyyet noticeably longitudinally striped effectas shown in the figures, leaving a ratherwide lateral border unpigmented. On theabdomen the stripes are continued, con-

were received from Mr. Stanley Mulaikwho collected them at Corpus Christi,Texas, March 21, 1936, with specimens ofPorcellionides mulaiki, Porcellionides prui-nosus andArmadillidium vulgare. A smallermale was received from L. I. Davis fromLa Joya, Texas. The type locality of P.ragusae Dollfus is Ficuzza, near Palermo,Sicily.

120 [Vol. LXXVII


P. ragusae Doilfus is intermediate be-tween the typical subgenus of Porcellio(represented by P. scaber) and the sub-genus Mesoporcellio Verhoeff (representedby P. laevis) exhibiting an unusual combina-tion of characters of both, such as the

pl

b

VIIi

Fig. 12. Specimen supposed to be Porcellioragusae Dollfus, 1896. Details of male.

granulated body surface and triangularmedian lobe of the head resembling that ofP. scaber, with the only slightly sinuousrear border of the first body segment char-acteristic of Mesoporcellio.

Dollfus' description is brief and his fig-ures show few details. As compared withthe Texas specimens the European form ismuch larger, females reaching 20 mm. inlength, with a wider body, and plain colora-tion (gray with three light spots at the baseof the telson), and if the figures are accuratethe external angles of the lateral frontallobes appear to be less rounded. It is,however, quite possible that the Texasspecimens available are not full grown,which may account for some discrepancies,and with the present material I do not feeljustified in describing the Texas form asnew.

Porcellio littorina Miller, 1936Figure 13

Poreellio littorina MILLER, 1936, p. 168, Figs.3, 7, 14, 15, 19.-HATCH, 1939, p. 257."Body smooth, nearly two and a half

times as long as wide, 6.0 mm.: 2.5 mm.Color brown, with a band of irregular lightspots on either side of median dorsal line.Lateral margins of thorax somewhatlighter."Head but slightly immersed in first

thoracic segment. Front produced inthree lobes, anterolateral lobes not promi-

nent, almost vertical; median lobe largeand rounded. Eyes small, composed ofabout six to eight ocelli, situated at base ofanterolateral lobes. First pair of anten-nae rudimentary. Second pair of antennaeextend to posterior margin of second tho-racic segment. First article of flagellumshort, one-third the length of second.

"Segments of thorax subequal. Firstsegment with anterolateral angles onlyslightly produced around head. Posteriormargins of first three thoracic segmentsstraight, rounded at lateral angles. Pos-terolateral angles of remaining thoracicsegments become progressively more andmore produced posteriorly, but not ex-tremely so. Legs slightly spiny. Ischiopo-dite of seventh walking legs in male witha pronounced humplike process."Abdomen as usual in the genus, with

lateral parts of first and second segmentscovered by last thoracic segment. Pos-terolateral parts of third, fourth and fifthsegments acuminately produced almost atright angles to transverse axis. Telsontriangular, only slightly produced. Exopo-dite of first pleopods in male bears a dis-

apNexp

)~~~~~~~~(%

Fig. 13. Porcellio littorina Miller, 1936.Adapted from Miller, 1936.

tinctive knob-like process on its outer distalmargin.

"LOCALITIEs.-Twelve specimens, in-cluding one female with embryos in marsu-pium, collected under rocks above hightide at Bay Farm Island, Alameda, Cali-fornia (type locality), along with twospecies of Actoniscus." (Miller, 1936, p.168.) Actoniscus is a syn. of Armadil-loniscus. One specimen recorded by Hatch,

19401 121

I

'N


1939, from Bay Center, Washington, justabove high tidle line.

Porcellionides saussurei (Dollfus),1896

Figure 14Metoponorthats saussurei DOLLFUS 1896d, p. 48,

Fig. 2.-RICHARDSON, 1905, p. 626, Fig. 673(after Dollfus).

Porcellionides saaissurei VAN NAME, 1936, p.245, Fig. 137 (after Dollfus).The American Museum of Natural His-

tory has two small specimens which seemvery probably referable to this species de-scribed in 1896 by I)ollfus from an incom-plete (headless) specimen, and which doesnot appear to have been found since then.Dollfus' description and figures are, how-

Fig. 14. Specimen believed to be Porcellio-nides saussurei (Dollfus), 1896.

ever, too inadequate to thus identifythem with a great degree of assurance, al-though their locality and the correspond-ence with his description and figures seemtoo close to justify treating these speci-mens as new. I (lo not understand what a"posterior dlepression" on each abdominalsegment mentioned by Dollfus means. Ifind a depression (noticeable but very shal-low) only on the telson. The telson issomewhat more acute and it, as well as theuropoda, is not proportionately as long asin Dollfus' figure, possibly because of a sexdifference, as both the present specimensare females.

The head is rather wide; its anteriorborder forms an even curve as seen fromabove except beneath each eye, where it isproduced into small rounded lobes extend-ing obliquely downward, so that they showbut little in a dorsal view of the head un-less the latter is tilted up. The lobes areconcave on their outer (antero-lateral) sur-face.The upper margin of the epistome forms

a narrow upturned border which extendsacross the face between the lateral lobesat about the level of the lower third of theeyes, dipping down in the middle a littlein a gradual sinuous curve. The eyes arerather long oval, large and prominent, wellpigmented and have about 17 well-de-veloped ocelli. The antennae are moder-ately long with a comparatively stout fla-gellum of two articles, the terminal one veryslightly longer than the other. Theflagellum fully if not more than equals thelast segment of the peduncle in one speci-men, but not in the other, owing to thegreater length of that segment. The ter-minal spine is short.The body surface on magnification, es-

pecially when dry, is seen to be coveredwith a rather coarse scabrous granulation.There is a slightly impressed transversefurrow on the thoracic segments, near therear margin in their median part, but curv-ing more forward on the lateral parts ofthe segments.The thoracic segments have the rear lat-

eral angles rounded off in the first and sec-ond but little in the third, and successivelymore angular in succeeding ones, thoughonly those of VI and VII can be calledactually acute. Beginning very slightlywith the fourth, the rear angles are suc-cessively more produced backward.The thoracic epimera are directed down-

ward in the anterior part of the body.Toward the rear, the epimera includingthose of the abdominal segments 3, 4 and 5,which are long, acute and curved backward,spread out more in a lateral or horizontaldirection.The telson is almost triangular and is

large and long, reaching beyond the ends ofthe epimera of segment 5, the uropoda andtheir branches are also rather elongated.

122 [Vol. LjXXVII

9


The coloration is quite conspicuous, theupper parts being brown variegated withlight (unpigmented) spots so distributed asto leave four quite noticeably darkerstripes, two of these located each side themedian line, separated by a confluent rowof light spots, the other two are on eachside along the basal part of the epimera.The upper part of the epistome and themedian part of the forehead just above itare conspicuously dark. The antennae aredark, ringed with whitish at the joints.The "three little light spots at the base ofthe terminal segment" (telson), mentionedby Dollfus, are quite noticeable in both ofthe specimens.The smaller of these specimens is 6 mm.

long, the other if straightened out mightmeasure nearly 8 mm.LOCALITY.-The locality of the speci-

mens (Cat. No. A.M.N.H. 8104) here de-scribed is Vera Cruz, Mexico, which is onthe coast. The type locality of Dollfus'species is at Cordova, not far distant fromVera Cruz, but at an altitude of over 2800feet.

Cubaridae

Circoniscus pallidus Arcangeli, 1936Figure 15

Circoniscus pallidus ARCANGELI, 1936, p. 204,P1. IV, figs. 5-9.

This appears to have been described byArcangeli from a single small specimenwhich, from its color, entirely a somewhattranslucent white, against which the blackcolor of the eyes and the brown of the teethof the mandible stand out, may perhapshave been quite immature.

C. pallidus is a typical Circoniscus allied

to C. bezzii and C. gaigei and has a smoothbody surface and very short but stout an-tennae. Among the specific charactersgiven by Arcangeli are the outline of theepimera of the first thoracic segment andthe frontal line; as seen from above thelatter forms a slightly re-entrant angle atits median point; the epistome below itprojects forward slightly as a very obtusetriangle.The best distinguishing characters of the

species are, however, the telson which,

Fig. 15. Circoniscus pallidus Arcangeli,1936. Lower right hand figure, lateral view ofsegment I (lateral portion). After Arcangeli.

though rounded at the tip as in the otherspecies named above, is triangular withpractically straight converging sides, andthe uropoda, the large basal joint of whichhas the external border much more curvedthan in the other species and both endo-podite and exopodite extending directlybackward and tipped with a group of setae.

SIZE.-2.84 mm. long and 1.3 mm. wide.LOCALITY.-Pirajll, State of Sao Paulo,

Brazil. Collected by Prof. E. Caroli.

SUBORDER FLABELLIFERACymothoidae

Nerocila armata Dana, 1853Nerocila fluviatilis SCHIOEDTE AND MEINERT,

1881, p. 66, P1. v, figs. 6-9; 1884, p. 414.-VAN NAME, 1936, p. 431, Fig. 267.-CORDERO,1937, p. 4, Figs. 1-8.

Nerocila armata DANA, 1853, p. 761, P1. L,figs. lOa-lOd.-MONOD, 1931a, p. 6, Figs. 2-4;1937, p. 465.

(For other synonyms and discussion seeMonod, 1931a.)

Monod's article (1931a) in which hetreats N. fluviatilis as synonymous withDana's armata was unfortunately over-looked in my work of 1936. Dana's speci-men was from Rio Janeiro, and was evi-dently marine. Monod states, however,that he had examined a number of speci-mens from Guiana in the British Museumfrom the fishes Leporinus fasciatus, Creni-cichla saxatilis, Chichla ocellaris and Pseud-

19401 123

Bulletin American Museum of Natural History [

A-1

PgA22

Fig. 16. Asotana splendida (Leigh-Sharpe),1937. After Leigh-Sharpe.

auchenipterus nodosus and that it occursboth in salt and fresh water. He has givenmuch attention to the study of this genusof isopods, and his view should carry muchweight.

"N. fluviatilis" was also redescribed andfigured by Cordero, 1937, from salt water inthe vicinity of Montevideo, where it is acommon parasite of various fishes.

Asotana splendida (Leigh-Sharpe), 1937Figure 16

?Asotana formosa SCHIOEDTE AND MEINERT,1881, p. 155, P1. x, figs. 10-12.-MONOD, 1937,p. 465.

Badroulboudour splendida LEIGH - SHARPE,1937, Parasitology, XXIX, p. 391, Figs. 1-4.

Monod, 1937, points out that Leigh-Sharpe's new genus is a synonym ofAsotana and that his species splendida, de-scribed from fresh water (Rio Napo) inEquador is very possibly identical with A.formosa Sch. and M., 1881, a conclusionthat can hardly be questioned as far as thegenus is concerned, and which I am muchinclined to accept for the species also.But Leigh-Sharpe's figures show that his

specimen is much smoother above thanthe highly ornamented one depicted (pos-sibly rather too fantastically) in Schioedteand Meinert's work, and as the localitiesare -widely separated, splendida from atributary of the Amazon in northern Equa-dor, and formosa from a Pacific slope riverof southern Peru, a decision on that ques-tion may be postponed.Two of Leigh-Sharpe's figures are repro-

duced here. His type and only specimen isa female 21 mm. long and is preserved inthe British Museum. The first antennaehave but four articles while formosa haseight, but such a character would have tobe demonstrated in several cases at leastin order to have much weight.

"Colour (in alcohol); a pale straw tint:on the first and second free thoracic seg-ments dorsally there are roughened patchesof dark brown denticles, and on the secondsegment two larger areas of black den-ticles." (Leigh-Sharpe, loc. cit.)

C

Fig. 17. A, Exosphaeroma insulare, new species, dorsal view (length of, specimen 8 mm.).B, Same, frontal margin, bases of first antennae (a') and frontal lamina (flm). C, Exosphaeromaoregonense (Dana), 1853, same details as in B.

[Vol. LXXVII124

B

fIYA


SphaeromidaeExosphaeroma insulare, new species

Figures 17A, BVery closely related to the well-known marine

species E. oregorense (Fig. 17C) of the Pacificcoast, and resembling it in most of its charactersthough it may not reach as large a size as thatspecies.The largest of the specimens available for

description, is almost 8 mm. in body lengthwhen well straightened out, and a little over

4 mm. wide. The other specimens are consider-ably smaller and more or less closely rolled up.

most easily observed character distinguishing itfrom E. oregonen8e. The slightly prominentfrontal line, which forms the margin, dips downin oregonense to form three very obtuse yetdistinct V-shaped angles, one median just abovethe minute oval downwardly projecting ovalrostrum, and one on each side above the distalend of the wide flattened basal segments of thefirst antennae, and the edge is raised into a dis-tinct tubercle on the outer or lateral side of thelateral V. Beyond (lateral to) this tubercle isa small notch.

In the present species the angles are less welldefined and the tubercle is hardly noticeable,so that the margin approaches more nearly to

mxp

Fig. 18. Exosphaeroma platense Giambiagi, 1922. Adapted from Giambiagi.

The general form of the head, body, thoracicand abdominal segments including the broadand considerably arched telson, is as in E.oregonen8e, though the lateral ends of thethoracic segments are more obtuse in theirtermination. Seen from above the body isoblong, nearly straight sided, and broadlyrounded before and behind; the upper surfaceis only slightly rough and granular (less so thanin oregonense). The head is less than half thewidth of the first thoracic segment. The eyes

are large, well developed and very convex, withnumerous ogelli; the flagella of the antennaehave in the type specimen 8 articles in the firstpair and 11 in the second pair.The anterinor margi of the head furnishes the

forming a gently curved sinuous line. Therostrum, which does not project forward, is ofoblong outline rather than oval. There appearsalso to be a slight difference in the uropoda ofthe two species. In both they are of ratherwide blade-like flattened form, with the exteriormargin considerably curved and the end roundedtruncate and not provided with hairs. Theouter branches are the longest and largest,reaching when extended directly back at leastas far as the broadly rounded end of the telson.

In the present species both branches appearto be proportionately a little narrower than inoregonen8e; the inner branch extends aboutfour-fifths of the length of the outer branch.The color of the specimens in alcohol is

12519401


blackish gray above with small oblong yellowishmarkings on the dorso-lateral regions of theback corresponding to the muscular insertions.LoCALITY.-Eleven specimens were re-

ceived from Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, whocollected them in fresh water in companywith a mollusk of the genus Physa (iden-tified as P. virgata Gould by Dr. W. J.Clench) on San Nicolas Island, off thecoast of southern California. Type: Cat.No. A.M.N.H. 8092.

E. thermophilum (Richardson), 1897 from,a warm spring near Socorro, New Mexico,appears to be a near ally of this species,but not identical with it. It has the telsonnarrower behind and the outer branch ofthe uropoda is half as long and half asbroad as the inner one, so there is evidentlya considerable difference in that respect be-tween the two species. In E. thermophilumthe inner branch is much wider and the ex-ternal one proportionately much smallerand narrower than in the present species.

Exosphaeroma platense Giambiagi,1922

Figure 18

Exosphaeroma platense GIAMBIAGI, 1922, p.234, P1. ii.

This is a species much resembling E.thermophilum Richardson, 1905, in, formbut at once distinguishable by the veryshort ovate external branches of the urop-oda, which are much less than half thelength of the internal branches. The firstantennae have 6 to 8 articles in the flagel-lum, the second antennae 7 to 10 articles.The species attains a body length of about4.5 mm.

It was omitted from my 1936 work in thebelief that it was found only in salt orstrongly brackish water, but a letter fromDr. Giambiagi de Calabrese of December17, 1936, states that it occurs also in freshwater in the Rio Santiago, Province ofBuenos Aires, Argentina.

SUBORDER ASELLOTAAsellidae

Asellus montanusMackin and Hubricht, 1938

Figure 19Asellus montanus MACKIN AND HUBRICHT,

1938, p. 629, Figs. 1, 2, 7, 9, 10.Very closely resembling A. intermedius,

but differing in that the latter has only onedistal process on the palmar margin of the

Fig. 19. Asellus montanus Mackin and Hubr:

gnathopoda. The most important charac-ter of the present species is, however, to befound in the tip of the endopodite of thesecond pleopoda of the male. The tip iscurved inward (toward the median line)and has the appearance of being twistedinto a small spiral. The exopodite haslong setae (up to 10 in number) and manysmall ones along the inner margin. There

.1~~~~~~PL

icht, 1938. After Mackin and Hubricht.

126 [VOl. LXXVII

Van Name, Supplement to American Isopod Crustacea 127

is much variation in the proportionatelength of the telson and the uropo(la, andtheir branches.

"This species attains about 12 mm. asmaximum body length. The color patternis a mottled, rich reddish-brown withlighter yellowish spots on the head andthoracic segments, and a uniform brown onthe pleotelson. Sometimes with a triangu-lar dark area on the head, but rather vari-able in detail."The first antennae vary in flagellar seg-

ments up to about 12. The second an-tennae are about as long as the body, butmay exceed that length. The largestspecimen (a male) had 97 segments in theflagellum."

6grni(i-nt)

Arkansas and Leflore and Latimer Coun-ties, Oklahoma.

Asellus dentadactylusMackin and Hubricht, 1938

Figure 20Asellus dentadactylus MACKIN AND HUBRICHT,1938, p. 629, Figs. 3-6, 8."A small mottled species, greyish-brownin color, not exceeding 10 or 12 mm. in

length. The head is without lateralflanges; flagellum of the antennules withabout a maximum of 13 segments. An-tennae not quite as long as the body, withabout 70 segments in the flagellum of thelargest specimen."The gnathopoda are very much like

11

Fig. 20. Asellus dentadactylus Mackin and Hubricht, 1938. After Mackin and Hubricht.

The figure shows the armature of themale gnathopod (left inside view).

"Note the thickened basal portion of thedactyl, two distal processes of the palmaredge of the propodus, one blunt and theother acute and triangular. Usually 2heavy spines at the base of the palm, butsomewhat variable in this respect. Othercharacters of the gnathopod are not sig-nificant. The dactyl of the last peraeo-poda with about 2 short ventral spinesproximal to the claw, and usually 2 setaeon the dorsal side." (Mackin and Hub-richt, 1938, p. 630.)LoCALITIES.-Type locality: creek in

Scott County, Arkansas, 4 miles south ofBoles. Also localities in Lawrence County,

those of Asellus communis (see Racovitza,1919). The dactyl has a large triangularprocess near the base, which is the mostdistinctive characteristic. Note in thearmature of the propodus the wide thinflange or cutting edge of the palmar mar-gin; the larger of the two palmar processesis a continuation of this flange. Also thediminishing series of heavy spines at theheel of the palm." (Mackin and Hubricht,1938, p. 629.)The details figured by the describers are

here reproduced. They state that the mar-gins of all the segments are thickly spined,and that in some specimens the uropodaare proportionately longer than in thefigure.

1940]


"This species is much like Asellus inter-medius and probably will be confused withit. The male pleopoda furnish the bestcharacters for separation. In the firstpleopoda, the very long setae of the tip,so conspicuous in A. dentadactylus, are ab-sent in A. intermedius. The tip of theendopodite of the second pleopoda in A.intermedius is equipped with 2 processes,absent in A. dentadactylus. A. montanus ofthis paper is also closely related, but thatspecies is distinguished from any other bythe spiral-like tip of the copulatory organ."(Mackin and Hubricht, 1938, p. 630.)

LoCALITIEs.-Type locality: small creek,5 miles south of Locust Cottage, JeffersonCounty, Arkansas (Cotype Cat. No.74841, U. S. National Museum). Thisspecies was also obtained in a small creek 2miles south of Saline, Natchitoches Parish,Louisiana.

Caecidotea macropropodaChase and Blair, 1937

Figure 21Caecidotea macropropoda CHASE AND BLAIR

1937, p. 221, P1. I.

The description and figures given by

I

B ~~gn

aY2

ZflX

Fig. 21. Caecidotea macropropoda Chase and Blair, 1937. All figures based on male specimens.After Chase and Blair.

128 [Vol. LXXVII


Chase and Blair are from male individuals.Many of the characters given as specific

are based on the relative lengths of the seg-ments of the body, antennae and uropoda;characters very variable within a speciesin this family. They are sufficientlyshown in the figures here reproduced inoutline, so that it is not necessary to quotethose parts of the description here.Body 13-17 mm. long; 3 mm. wide.

Head 2 mm. wide and about 1 mm. long.Flagellum of first antenna with 13-18

articles; second antenna, 91-123 articles.The propodus of the first pair of legs

(gnathopod) is very large and has in its in-ferior margin two long triangular processesand two short ones.

No figures or descriptions of the malepleopoda are given.LOCALITY.-A small stream in a cave and

at the mouth of it, five miles south of Kan-sas, Oklahoma.

Caecidotea ozarkanaChase and Blair, 1937

Figure 22

Caecidotea ozarkana CHASE AND BLAIR, 1937,p. 221, P1. ii.

According to the description and figuresthis is a smaller, slenderer form than C.macropropoda. Besides such differences asthe figures, whose outlines are reproducedhere, clearly show, the following distinc-

INml

7n

MA.,

IL'

IrvxpFig. 22. Caecidotea ozarkana Chase and Blair, 1937. All figures based on male specimens.

After Chase and Blair.

19401 129


tions between the two forms are stated inthe description.Body 6-8 mm. long, 1-3 mm. wide.

Head as wide as the body and about aslong as wide.

Flagellum of first antennae of 11 articles;of the second antennae 60-70.The terminal abdominal segment is

"three halves as long as wide" instead of"four thirds" as in C. macropropoda.The uropoda are "a little longer than"

the terminal abdominal segment insteadof twice as long as in C. macropropoda."The triangular processes of the propo-

dus on the first pair of legs, vary from onelarge one on the distal portion of the in-ferior margin with spines along the edge,to one large triangular process located dis-tally and two located proximally with spinealong the margin."

There are 2 or 3 propodal processes, theone of the medial region being always welldeveloped and the distal one small.... Thebasal portion of the dactyl is thickenedsometimes to form a process and may bemuch more definite than shown in thefigure....In M. macrourus the basal orproximal processes, while in M. ouachi-taensis this process is absent or at mostrepresented by only a low spine-tippedelevation." (Mackin and Hubricht, 1938,p. 632.)"The figure shows the form of the first

male pleopoda. Note that the basal seg-ment is nearly as long and wide as the dis-tal one. There are 1 or 2 coupling hooks.The setae of the distal segment are smallterminally and increase in size onto thesides. There is a more or less abrupt tran-sition between the short and long setae.

giZ u/~ ~ ~ ~

(i /.

MacIn ci4ad

LoCALITY.-Spring five miles south ofKansas, Oklahoma, about one-half milefrom the cave where C. macropropoda wasfound.

Mancasellus ouachitaensisMackin and Hubricht, 1938

Figure 23Mancawellu8 ouachitaensis MACKIN AND HUB-

RICHT, 1938, p. 632, Figs. 13, 15, 17, 18, 20.In general appearance similar to M.

macrourus except that the uropoda aresomewhat longer in proportion. The headmay or may not be laterally incised.Length up to 11 mm. The antennae mayattain a length equal to the body and haveas many as 90 articles in the flagellum."The male gnathopoda are distinctive.

The maximum number of the long setaeis about 15, and 18 for the short ones, butthe total may be much less." (Mackinand Hubricht, 1938, p. 633.)LoCALITIES.-Streams in Leflore, Lati-

mer and Pushmataha Counties, Oklahoma.Type locality: tributary of KiamichiRiver near Big Cedar, Leflore County.Cotype, No. 74844, U. S. National Mu-seum.

Mancasellus louisianaeMackin and Hubricht, 1938

Figure 24Mancasellus louisianae MACKI5 AND HUB-

RICHT, 1938, p. 634, Figs. 11, 12, 14, 16, 19.Closely similar to Asellus hoppinae but

differing in lacking the mandibular palp,

130 [Vol. LXXVII


in having relatively shorter uropods, andin the details of the armature of the gnatho-pods."The body length in this species does not

exceed 7.5 mm. in any of our specimens.The color is brown with yellow mottlings.The head is deeply incised and the incisionmay be narrow or very broad. The an-tennules have up to 7 flagellar segments,and the antennae 56 in the largest speci-men. The antennae are not as long as thebody by a considerable margin."The dactyl of the male gnathopoda is

slightly thickened at the base. The pro-

'1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1

gn(i 71)

Fig. 24. Mancasellus louisianaeMackin and

podus has a large central process on thepalmar margin, a small distal one and aspine at the base, but no process. Otherdetails of the armature are shown in thefigure. The dactyl of the last peraeopodapossesses up to 5 spines below, the last(accessory claw) large and curved. Thereis a row of 4 or 5 setae above.

"In the first pleopoda of the male, thebasal segment is much narrower than thedistal one, and there are 2 pairs of couplinghooks. The setae of the distal segmentnumber up to 30. The second pleopoda ofthe male have the following characteristics:(1) the internal distal angle of the basalsegment not at all cut away, so that thissegment is practically square, (2) the exo-podite is straight on the outer margin,hardly curving to the tip at all, (3) thesetae number up to about 14, (4) the endo-podite is without even a suggestion ofapophysis at the base, (5) the copulatory

zi

Hubricht, 1938. After Mackin and Hubricht.

or bulbar portion of the exopodite isnearly spherical in outline. Note alsothe form of the tip of this appendage."(Mackin and Hubricht, 1938, p. 634.)LoCALITY.-Reported only from among

dead leaves in a small creek 2 miles southof Saline, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana.Cotype, No. 74843, U. S. Nat. Museum.

PART II.-ADDITIONAL NOTES AND REFERENCES, CHANGES OF NAMES,CORRECTIONS, ETC.(Arranged alphabetically)

Actoniscus, genus. See Armadilloniscus.AUoniscus cornutus Budde-Lund, 1885ADDITIONAL LoCALITY.-San Nicolas Is-

land off southern California, obtained byProf. T. D. A. Cockerell.

Alloniscus perconvexus Dana, 1856

ADDITIONAL LoCALITY.-San Nicolas Is-land, off southern California, obtained byProf. T. D. A. Cockerell. Essig, 1926,gives it as common on ocean beaches inCalifornia, feeding on kelp and other seaweeds. Miller, 1938, p. 117, gives notes onhabits.

1311940]


Armadillidium nasatum Budde-Lund,1885

Figure 25Two specimens were collected by J. K.

Karlovic under pieces of wood at Glenview,Illinois, northwest of Chicago, Oct. 3, 1936.In America this species is usually confinedto hothouses and warmed buildings.

It was described by Budde-Lund in 1885,-having been previously listed without de-scription in his "Prospectus" published in1879. In both cases the name is nasatum,not nasutum, a frequent error. It may beworth while to state here that Budde-Lund's Prospectus, which is a rare work, ismerely a list of species, and contains no

Fig. 25. Armadillidium nasatum Budde-Lund, 1885. After Waechtler, 1937, and Mein-ertz, 1934.

descriptions or figures whatever. The newnames in it were nomina nuda, and had nostanding in nomenclature until republishedwith descriptions in 1885.

Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille), 1804CORRECTION.-The name Latreille in the

captions of Figs. 157-159 in Van Name,1936, should be in parentheses.

Armadilloniscus holmesi Arcangeli, 1933New name for A. tuberculatus (Holmes

and Gay), 1909, proposed by Arcangeli,1933, p. 59, on account of preoccupation byA. tuberculatus Dollfus from the Azores.

This species is recorded (as Actoniscustuberculatus) by Miller, 1938, pp. 114, 117,under rocks on beaches at Alameda in theSan Francisco Bay region.

Artystone trysibia Schioedte, 1866Mentioned by Leigh-Sharpe, 1937, with

the statements that it was recorded "fromthe body cavity" (!) of 2 fish, Geophagusbrasiliensis from the Humboldt River,Brazil, and that it was "the only hithertorecorded parasitic isopod from fresh wa-ter."(!) He says that "there are six excel-lent specimens in the British Museum."

ASELLOTA, SUBORDERCORRECTION.-In Van Name, 1936, p.

453, in the diagnosis of this group, thewords "not cheliform" should be replacedby "sub-cheliform."

Asellus brevicauda Forbes, 1876Asellus brevicaudus MACEIN AND HTi-

BRICHT, 1938, p. 631.Many localities in Illinois, Missouri and

Arkansas reported. Specimens from thecaves in St. Clair and Monroe Counties,Illinois, are reported as broader in propor-tion to their length than in the typicalform, and having much reduced pigmenta-tion.The American Museum of Natural

History has examples from Wet Cave nearAnna, southern Illinois, collected by J. H.Karlovic, May 3, 1936, and many speci-mens from Missouri localities received fromDr. Hubricht.

Asellus communis Say, 1818Mackin and Hubricht, 1938, p. 629, re-

port this from various localities in theMiddle West from Illinois to Oklahoma,inclusive.CORRECTION.-In caption of Fig. 1 in

Van Name, 1936, p. 7, representing Aselluscommunis, read "appendages" instead of"segments."

Asellus hoppinae Faxon, 1888Reported by Mackin and Hubricht, 1938,

p. 632, from localities in Arkansas. TheAmerican Museum of Natural History has

132 [Vol. LXXVII

I

VIE


a number of examples kindly donated byDr. Hubricht, from springs and creeks(not subterranean waters) in JohnsonCounty, Arkansas, collected in the springof 1936. Some of these specimens are oflarge size: males up to 19 mm., females to16 mm. in length. Most of the specimenshave the uropoda, both base and branches,quite long. Some of them have about 100articles in the flagellum of the secondantennae.

Asellus incisus Van Name, 1936CORRECTION.-The description, Van

Name, 1936, page 496, lines four and fiveof last paragraph, should state that theinternal, not the external branch of theuropoda is the longer.

Additional localities reported by Mackinand Hubricht, 1938, p. 630: Stone County,Missouri, spring 300 yards from entranceto Marvel Cave; Barry County, Missouri,Roaring River State Park.

Asellus intermedius Forbes, 1876Additional locality reported by Mackin

and Hubricht, 1938, pp. 630, 631: BayouBoeuf, Lafourche Parish, Louisiana.

In view of the insufficient descriptionsand figures of this species that are avail-able the statements of these authors re-garding it that are made under A. denta-dactylus and A. montanus in the abovearticle are of importance.

Asellus tomalensis Harford, 1877Reported by Carl, 1938, p. 451, as oc-

curring in water of slight salinity at Van-couver, B. C.

Badroulboudour splendida Leigh-Sharpe,1937

See under Asotana splendida, page 124 ofthis article.

Braga cichlae Schioedte and Meinertz,1881

See remarks under Braga fluviatilis.

Braga fluviatilis Richardson, 1911Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1933 (p. 512,

3 figures), describes and illustrates thefemale and young male of this species fromspecimens in the National Museum ofBuenos Aires obtained on fishes in the RioSan Santigo at La Plata, Argentina, doubt-less from quite salt water. Cordero, 1937(p. 8, Figs. 9, 10), figures and records it fromMontevideo and from a pond near the RioSan Francisco, Jatobt, State of Pernamii-buco, Brazil, from fishes of the familyLoricariidae. The females are of broadrounded outline as in Braga cichlae Schi-oedte and Meinertz, 1883, and Cordero ex-presses the opinion that B. fluviatilis maybe the same as that species. This seemsto me quite probable.

Caecidotea alabamensis Stafford, 1911A large male (16 mm. long) from Monte

Sano, Madison County, Alabama, agrees inmost respects with the description andfigures, but the outer tooth on the pinchingedge of the chela has a small acute processnot described or figured by Stafford. Thisprocess extends parallel to the dactyluswhich closes against (beside) it. The firstantenna of this specimen has 12 articles inthe flagellum; the second antenna has theflagellum broken off, but with 86 articlesin the part remaining.

Caecidotea antricola Creaser, 1931ADDITIONAL LoCALITY.-Osage Hills

Country Club, Kirkwood, St. Louis County,Missouri, in "outlet of drain near hole 17."Three specimens, one about 20 mm. long,received from Dr. Leslie Hubricht.

Caecidotea californica (Miller), 1933Asellus californicus MILLER AND Hoy,

1939, p. 347, etc., Fig. 1.

CalvigeroniscusTypographical error for Clavigeroniscus,

Van Name, 1936, p. 85.

Circoniscus gaigei Pearse, 1917I refer here with a little hesitation a few

small specimens in The American Museumof Natural History collection received fromIquitos, Peru.

1940] 133


Cirolana anops Creaser, 1936Figure 26

These figures are reproduced fromCreaser's 1936 article to supplement thebrief notice of this species in Van Name,1936, p. 523.

Cirolana cubensis Hay, 1903Compared with the new species C. anops

in Creaser, 1936, p. 119.

Cubarhina, subgenus. See under Tri-chorhina.

Cubaris tuberosa (Budde-Lund), 1904Verhoeff, 1937, pp. 410, 411, disagrees

with Kesselyak (1930) who transferred thisspecies from Cubaris (syn. Armadillo) toReductoniscus Kesselyak.

Haplophthalmus danicus Budde-Lund,1879Found in Allen Gardens greenhouse at

Toronto, Ontario, by Dr. J. C. Medcof.

Ligia baudiniana Milne Edwards, 1840(syn. Ligyda b.)A series of articles by T. C. Barnes, in

the Biological Bulletin for 1932 and lateryears, deal with experimental work done atBermuda upon this species. A figure inhis article of 1935 (Biol. Bulletin, LXIX,pp. 259-268, Fig. 1) showing a young indi-vidual just emerged from the marsupiumand not having the seventh pair of legsdeveloped should, however, be mentioned.This species is recorded from Yucatan byPearse, 1936, p. 22, and Creaser, 1936, p.120.

a-t

Fig. 26. Cirolana anops Creaser, 1936. Adapted from Creaser.

Cylisticus convexus (de Geer), 1778Reported from vicinity of Buenos Aires,

Argentina, by Giambiagi de Calabrese,1936a, p. 509.Exosphaeroma oregonense (Dana), 1853

See page 125, under E. insulare, newspecies.Exosphaeroma papillae Bayliff, 1938

Exosphaeroma papillae BAYLIFF, 1938,p. 213, Figs. 1-11.

This should, I think, be excluded asproperly a marine species, though it some-times ascends streams into water "prac-tically fresh" according to Bayliff.LoCALITY.-Cold Spring Harbor, Long

Island, New York.

Ligia exotica Roux, 1828Reported (as Ligyda e.) from Quequen,

Prov. of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by Giam-biagi de Calabrese, 1935a, p. 509.

Ligia occidentalis Dana, 1853Miller, 1938, p. 117, gives note on habits.

Ligia pallasii Brant, 1833Miller, 1938, pp. 117, 118 (habits, etc.,

and illustration, showing both sexes, themales being much wider-bodied).

Ligidium elrodii (Packard), 1873This is very probably not distinct from

L. longicaudatum Stoller. If this could be

[Vol. LXXVII134


proved Packard's name would have prior-ity.

Ligidium gracile (Dana), 1856CORRECTION.-In caption of Fig. 22,

Van Name, 1936, authority should be(Dana), not (Stimpson).Hatch, 1939, p. 256, reports this species

from moist situations in dense woods fromsea level up to 4500 feet in WashingtonState. Miller, 1938, p. 119, gives notes onhabits and distribution.

Ligidium latum Jackson, 1923A number of specimens of this species

were received from Mr. R. M. Bond whocollected them in a small perennial streamon Mission Peak (elev. 1750 feet), southeastof Mission San Jos6, Alameda County,California.The process on the tip of the styloid

process of the second pleopod of the maleis movably articulated. The small scalesof the body surface are easily rubbed off;between them the surface is smooth andshining.

Ligidium longicaudatum Stoller, 1902Specimens of this species were received

from Dr. Leslie Hubricht of the MissouriBotanical Garden, St. Louis, in the springof 1936, from localities in St. Louis County,Missouri, and Natchitoches Parish innorthwestern Louisiana. Among the latterare examples (females) of 9 to 10 mm.body length. The number of articles inthe flagellum reaches 13 to 14. Thesespecimens have large light spots on thebasal part of the epimera, giving the effectof a light border to the thorax. Malesfrom the Missouri localities have thestyloid process of pleopod 2 with only aslight undulation, hardly to be called anotch, near the end.

Livoneca guianensis Van Name. 1925See remarks under Livoneca symmetrica.

Livoneca symmetrica Van Name, 1925Cordero (1937, p. 9) refers two specimens

believed to be from fresh water of the RioTocatins, State of Pars, Brazil, to this

species, though with some doubt, as incertain respects they appear intermediatein character between L. symmetrica andL. guianensis Van Name, 1925. For thisreason he raises the question whether thesetwo species are not really the same, aconjecture that may prove to be correct inview of the great variability of species ofthis group with age, sex, etc., and con-sidering the small amount of material(three specimens) on which the latter spe-cies was based.

Mancasellus brachyurus, Harger, 1876Reported by Mackin and Hubricht,

1938, p. 632, from a stream on BlanketMountain, Tennessee, in Smoky MountainNational Park.

Mancasellus macrourus Garman, 1890Localities in Arkansas and Oklahoma

reported by Mackin and Hubricht, 1938,p. 632. According to Marcus, 1930, it isfairly abundant in the vicinity of Urbana,Illinois.

Nerocila fluviatilis Schioedte and Mein-ertz, 1881

See under N. armata Dana, page 123 ofthis article.

Phalloniscus anomalus (Dollfus), 1890This species is mentioned in the paper

by Bowley, 1935, p. 46, which otherwisedeals exclusively with the New Zealandand Australian species of the genus, nospecimens or new information about theSouth American form (anomalus) beingavailable. Its position in this genus seemsopen to question.

Philoscia incerta Arcangeli, 1932One specimen about 3 mm. long which

appeared to be this species, mounted entirein Canada balsam on a microscope slide,was sent me for examination by Prof.Monod of Paris. It was collected at Foretde Fumee, Guadeloupe, West Indies. Thespecies has thus far been known only fromthe nearby island of Dominica.

19401 135


Philoscia (Ischioscia) mineri Van Name,1936An immature specimen apparently of

this or a very closely allied species fromForet de Fum6e, Guadeloupe, West Indies,was sent me for examination by Prof.Monod. The species has been recordedonly from Dominica Island.

Philosica muscorum (Scopoli), 1783Dailey and Hatch, 1940, report taking

specimens that appear to be this species attwo points in Seattle, Washington, severalmiles from salt water. They say that themanner of its occurrence indicates that itmay have been introduced in nursery stock.

Fig. 27. Porcellio laevi8 Latreille, 1804.

Philoscia richardsonae Holmes and Gay,1909ADDITIONAL LoCALITIEs.-Obtained by

Miller (1938, p. 117) in grassy situations onthe shores of San Francisco Bay, at Ala-meda, California, and by Prof. T. D. A.Cockerell on San Nicolas Island, off south-ern California.

Porcellio, genusThe intention in my work of 1936 was

to provide means of distinguishing the fewAmerican representatives of this genusfrom each other, not necessarily from themany allied Old World forms not known tooccur in America. But as Verhoeff, 1938,p. 121, has commented unfavorably on theillustrations I gave of this group (mostly

based on those of Sars) I am supplementingthem here with some others from the recentworks of Waechtler, 1937, and Meinertz,1934.

Porcellio formosus Stuxberg, 1875See under P. virgatus, page 138.

Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804Figure 27

Porcellio laevis MILLER, 1938, p. 171,Figs. 4, 9, 16, 22, 27.Reported from various places in Cali-

fornia from the San Francisco Bay regionsouthward. See also under Porcellionidesvirgatus.

After Waechtler, 1937, and Meinertz, 1934.

Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804Figure 28

Porcellio scaber, MILLER, 1936, p. 166,Figs. 2, 6, 10, 17, 24; GIAMBIAGI DE CALA-BRESE, 1936a, p. 509.

Reported from Moss Beach, San MateoCounty, California, by Miler and fromQuequ6n, Prov. of Buenos Aires, Argentina,by Giambiagi de Calabrese.

Porcellio scaber var. americanus Arcan-geli, 1932

Porcellio scaber americanus MILLER,1932, p. 166, Figs. 1, 5, 11, 18.Reported from around San Francisco

Bay (commonly), and Carmel, California.See Van Name, 1936, p. 229.

Miller states the distinguishing charac-

136 [Vol. LXXVII


ters of this subspecies as follows: "1. Sur-face granulations more pronounced. 2.Pigmentation greater, especially in males,and extends to ventral side of body, noteven excluding the pleopods in females.3. Frontal lobe of head more acute. 4.Lower margin of ischipodite of seventh legin male more distinctly bowed. 5. Ex-opodites of first two pairs of pleopods inboth male and female exhibit slightdifferences."

I

Fig. 28. Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.

Porceilio spinicornis Say, 1818Figures 9C, 29

Porcellio spinicornis MILLER, 1938, p.170, F.ig. 21.

See remarks under P. s. occidentalis onpage 117 of this article.

Porcellionides mulaiki Van Name, 1936Figure 30B

In order to show the differences sepa-rating this species from P. virgatus (Budde-Lund), the outline of the head seen fromabove and the second antennae of bothspecies are figured here drawn from speci-

mens (both females) from Texas andFlorida, respectively. The less prominentlateral lobes and more even curvature ofthe front of the head, also the slendererantennae of P. mulaiki are noticeable.That species also has the first article of theflagellum the longest; in virgatus the re-verse is the case. Moreover in mulaikithe abdomen is proportionately smallerand shorter than in virgatus.A number of additional specimens of P.

pl1i

After Waechtler, 1937, and Meinertz, 1934.

mulaiki have been received from Mr.Mulaik, collected at Corpus Christi, Texas.

Porcellionides saussurei Dollfus, 1896See page 122 of this article.

Porcellionides virgatus (Budde-Lund),1885

Figure 30AThe figures and descriptive notes (origi-

nating from Arcangeli, 1932) given byMiller, 1936, p. 170, Fig. 21, apparentlyrepresent P. virgatus (Budde-Lund) whichprobably does not occur in California at

19401 137

I

0a0013 00


all, not P. formosus Stuxberg, which isprobably a synonym of P. laevis. See VanName, 1936, p. 244, and remarks andfigures in this paper under P. mulaiki.

Probopyrus bithynis Richardson, 1904Reported by Mackin and Hubricht,

1938, p. 634, from the Mississippi River,

mento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay, is re-corded by Cordero, 1937, p. 9 (spellinghenseli).

Tracheoniscus rathkei (Brandt), 1833Figure 31

Reported (as Porcellio r.) Fig. 27, fromQuequen, Prov. of Buenos Aires, Argen-

I It

carp. VII

Fig. 29. Porcellio spinicornis Say, 1818 (syn. P. pictu8). Details after Waechtler, 1937, andVerhoeff.

Hillcrest, Missouri, parasitic on Macro-brachium ohionis (Smith).

Cordero, 1937, p. 10, records specimensfrom the branchial cavities of shrimps ofthe genus Macrobrachium bought in themarket at Belem, State of Para, Brazil, andalso (footnote on p. 11) others possibly ofthis species from fresh water near BuenosAires.

Probopyrus creaseri Pearse, 1936Closely related to P. floridanus Richard-

son, 1904. It is parasitic on Palaemonetescarolinus Stimpson, which occurs in moreor less brackish water, but cannot be con-sidered as properly a fresh-water species.See Pearse, 1936a, p. 51, Figs. 16-21.

Rhyscotus texensis (Richardson), 1905A mutilated and incomplete specimen,

apparently of this species, was found in alot of isopods collected by Mr. StanleyMulaik at Corpus Christi, Texas, March21, 1936, and is in The American Museumof Natural History collection.

Telotha henselii (von Martens), 1889A specimen in the National Museum at

Montevideo from the gills of the fishHoplias malabaricus (Bloch) from Departa-

tina, by Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1935a,p. 509.

Trichoniscus demivirgo Blake, 1931Dailey and Hatch, 1940, assign tenta-

tively to this species some specimens (fe-males only) taken with examples of Ligi-dium gracile, a native species, in damp lo-calities in Seattle, Washington.Some small female specimens from the

Public Garden greenhouse, Halifax, NovaScotia, received from Dr. J. C. Medcof,may also belong here.

A B

A<Fig. 30. Dorsal view of head and second

antenna. A, Porcellionides virgatus (Budde-Lund), 1885. B, Porcellionides mulaiki VanName, 1936.

138 [Vol. LXXVII


Trichoniscus (Clavigeroniscus) riquieriArcangeli, 1930NEW LoCAILITY.-Barro Colorado Is-

land, Canal Zone, Dr. C. E. Williams, Jr.,many specimens collected. The bodysurface in this species is, in spite of thetubercles, quite glossy. The minute crenu-lation of the anterior margin of the frontallobes mentioned by Arcangeli is conspictu-ous on magnification.

Trichoniscus pygmaeus Sars, 1899I have received a number of specimens

(including males) from Dr. J. C. Medcof,collected in the Garfield Park Conserva-tory, Chicago, Ill. The large lateral lobesof the head, somewhat square with the

)pleM8 VIE

Fig. 31. Tracheoniscu8 rathkei Brandt, 1833.After Meinertz, 1934, and Waechtler, 1937.

anterior border slightly concave, are an aidin recognizing this species. The tuberclesof the dorsal surface of the body are ratherinconspicuous unless the specimen is dry.

Trichorhina, genus

Verhoeff, 1937, pp. 422-428, gives a keyto the known species, adding one new one

(T. vannamei) of unknown origin, found inthe building of the Berlin (Germany)Aquarium (misspelling T. barbourii forbarbouri, on p. 425). He divides Trichor-hina into the following subgenera:

1. Trichorhinella (T. simoni only)2. Cubarhina (T. bequaerti only)3. Trichorhina, sens. str. (the remaining spe-

cies)

Trichorhina pittieri (Pearse), 1921The type of this species is in the Univer-

sity of Michigan Museum, Catalogue No.52002. A comparison of the BritishGuiana specimens identified with T. pittieriPearse by Van Name, 1925,1926 and 1936,with this type would be desirable, in viewof the brevity of Pearse's description.

Trichorhina barbouri (Van Name), 1926CORRECTION.-Parentheses inadvert-

ently omitted in Van Name, 1936, p. 190,line 29.

Trichorhinella, subgenus.See under Trichorhina.

Tylos latreillii Audouin and Savigny1826CORRECTIONS.-The original spelling is

latreiliji and the authority Audouin, notAdouin as given in Van Name, 1936, pp.409-416.

Arcangeli, 1938, has attempted to dealwith the perplexing forms of the genusTylos by including most of them in latreillii,but dividing it into a number of subspecies.As far as the American forms are concernedthe value of his proposed revision is greatlydiminished by being based only on theliterature available which is very inade-quate, not on new American material,which will be absolutely needed before thesubject can be satisfactorily dealt with.

In the species latreillii Arcangeli includesnot only the European and North Africanforms, but also those of eastern America,inclusive of the West Indies and Bermuda.He reduces Tylos niveus Budde-Lund to asubspecies of latreillii, having (perhaps cor-rectly) no confidence in the constancy andimportance of the differences reputed toexist between the two. He does not makeit entirely clear whether or not he wouldinclude all the eastern American records ofTylos under the subspecies niveus.Whether the Pacific species punctatus

Holmes and Gay and insularis Van Nameshould also be reduced to subspecies Ar-cangeli is doubtful, apparently on geo-graphical grounds rather than on anyknown differences in their characters. T.

13919401

Bulletin American Museum of Natural History [Vol. LXXVIIspinulosus Dana (see below) he regards asa distinct species.

Fig. 32. Tylos sp. from Chile (perhaps Tylosspinulosus Dana, 1853).

Tylos punctatus Holmes and Gay, 1909NEW LocALITY.-Guaymas, Mexico, on

the Gulf of California. Specimens in TheAmerican Museum of Natural History.?Tylos spinulosus Dana, 1853

Figure 32If the very large specimens from Chile

mentioned in Van Name, 1936, p. 416, arecorrectly referred to Dana's species, thereis no question that Arcangeli is correct inconsidering it distinct. The figures heregiven, drawn from these specimens, inaddition to the statements in my workreferred to, will make this clear. It shouldbe added to the statements made regardingthem that the lateral ends of abdominalsegments 4 and 5 (especially 5), also theend of the telson, are somewhat bent out-ward, but this is scarcely at all the case insegment 3.

PART III.-ADDITIONS TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY(Experimental and physiological articles usually not included)

ARCANGELI, A.1933. Per una migliore conoscenza di alcune

specie di isopodi terrestri . . . Boll.Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino,XLIII, pp. 47-62.

1936. Un genere e due specie nuove diisopodi terrestri del Brasile. Arch.Zool. Ital., XXIII, pp. 201-208, P1.IV.

1938. Tylo8 latreillii Aud. e Sav. Suoi biotipi,sua area di diffusione. Boll. Mus.Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, XLVI,pp. 139-151, Pls. I-vI.

BARNES, T. C.1935. Salt requirements and orientation of

Ligia in Bermuda. III. Biol. Bull.,LXIX, pp. 259-268, Fig. 1.(See remarks under Ligia baudiniana,above.)

BAYLIFF, W. H.1938. A new isopod crustaceanl (Sphaero-

midae) from Cold Spring Harbor, LongIsland. Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc.,LVII, pp. 213-217, Figs. 1-11.

BLAIR, A. P. See Chase and Blair.BOWLEY, E. A.

1935. A survey of the oniscoid genus Phal-loni8cus Budde-Lund, with a descrip-tion of a new species. Journ. Roy.Soc. West. Austral., XXI, pp. 45-73,4 Pls.

BRANDT, J. F., AND RATZEBURG, J. T. C.1829-1833. Medicinische Zoologie, pp. i-iv,

1-361, Pls. I-XXXVI.

CARL, G. C.1937. Flora and fauna of brackish water.

Ecology, XVIII, pp. 447-453, Figs.1-3.

CARL, J.1908. Monographie der schweizerischen Iso-

poden. Denk. Schweiz. Nat. Gesell.Ziurich, XLII, pp. 113-242, Pls. i-vi.(Important monograph.)

CHASE, H. D., AND BLAIR, A. P.1937. Two new blind isopods from north-

eastern Oklahoma. Amer. MidlandNat., XVIII, pp. 220-224, Pls. I, ii.

CORDERO, E. H.1937. Nerocila fluviatilis y otros parAsitosde las familias Cymothoidae y Bopyri-

dae del Uruguay y del Brazil. Anal.Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, (2) IV,No. 12, pp. 1-11, Figs. 1-12, 1 PI.

CREASER, E. P.1936. Crustaceans from Yucatan. Cenotes

of Yucatan, Carnegie Inst. of Wash-ington, Pub. No. 457, Part XI, pp.117-132, Figs. 1-43. (Included inSupp. to Bibliography, Van Name,1936, p. 508.)

DAILEY, E. F., AND HATCH, M. H.1940. Records of two species of terrestrial

Isopoda from Washington. Amer.Midland Nat., XXIII, p. 252.

DR CALABRESE, D. See Giambiagi de Cala-brese.

140


DOLLFUs, A.1896f. Crustaces Isopodes de la Sicile, pp.

1-6, Figs. 1-3. Paris, 1896.EssiG, E. O.

1926. Insects of western North America,pp. vii-xi, 1-1035, Figs. 1-766.

GEISER, S. W.1934. Further observations on the sex-ratios

of terrestrial isopods. Field and Lab.,III, No. 1, pp. 5-10.

GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE, D.1933. Description compleinentaria de un

isopodo de agua dulce, Braga fluviatilisRichardson. Anal. Mus. Nae. Hist.Nat. Buenos Aires, XXXVII, pp.511-516, 3 Figs.

1935. Un is6podo nuevo "Philoscia bonari-ensis." Physis, XI, pp. 495-496,1 Fig.

1935a. Is6podos nuevos para la fauna argen-tina. Physis, XI, p. 509.

GIBBES, R. W.1848. Catalogue of the fauna of South

Carolina. In Report on the geologyof South Carolina by M. Toumey, pp.i-xxiv. (Crustacea on p. xvii.)

HATCH, M. H.1939. Records of terrestrial Isopoda or sow

bugs from North America. Amer.Midland Nat., XXI, pp. 256-258.

1940. See also Dailey and Hatch.HOFFMAN, C. H.

1933. The biology of Caecidotea tridentataHungerford (Isopoda - Crustacea).Journ. Kansas Ent. Soc., VI, pp. 26-33, 1 Fig.

HOWARD, L. 0.1883. A list of the invertebrate fauna of

South Carolina. In: Resources ofSouth Carolina, pp. 265-359. Charles-ton. (Isopoda on p. 295.)

HoY, E. A. See Miller and Hoy.HUBRICHT, L., AND MACKIN, J. G. See Mackin

and Hubricht.KATO, K.

1936. Secondary sexual character in somelegs of the male Ligia exotica. Zool.Mag. Tokyo, XLVIII, pp. 333, 334,3 Figs.

LEIGH-SHARPE, W. H.1937. Badroulboudour splendida n. g. et sp.,

a new parasitic isopod from Equador.Parasitology, XXIX, pp. 391-394,Figs. 1-4.

MACKIN, J. G., AND HUBRICHT, L.1938. Records of distribution of species of

isopods in Central and SouthernUnited States, with descriptions offour new species of Mancaseltus andAsellus (Asellota, Asellidae).' Amer.Midland Nat. XIX, pp. 628-637,Figs. 1-20. (The names of the au-thors appear as above at the begin-ning of the article. On the covers andin the table of contents they appear asHubricht and Mackin.)

MEDCOF, J. C.1939. On the occurrence of the terrestrial

isopod Androniscus dentiger in Canada.Canad. Field-Nat., LIII, p. 115.

MEINERTZ, I.1932. Die Landisopoden Danemarks. Part

I: Ligiiden u. Trichonisciden. Zool.Jahrb. Syst., LXIII, pp. 352-406,Figs. 1-18.

1934. Die Landisopoden Danemarks. PartII: Die Onisciden. Op. cit., LXV,pp. 211-284, Figs. 1-31. (Many il-lustrations of details of species com-mon to Europe and America.)

1938. Isopoda Terrestria. In: Zoology ofIceland, III, No. 28, pp. 1-11.

MILLER, M. A.1936. California isopods of the genus Por-

cellio with descriptions of a newspecies and a new subspecies. Univ.of California Pub. Zool., XLI, pp.165-172, Figs. 1-29.

1938. Comparative ecological studies on theterrestrial isopod Crustacea of the SanFrancisco Bay region. Univ. of Cali-fornia Pub. Zool., XLIII, pp. 113-142,Figs. 1-3. (Includes check list ofCalifornia species.)

MILLER, M. A., AND Hoy, E. A.1939. Differential growth and evolution in a

subterranean isopod. Amer. Natural-ist, LXXIII, pp. 347-364, Figs. 1-4.

MONOD, T.1931a. Sur quelque Crustacs aquatiques

d'Afrique (Cameroun et Congo). Rev.Zool. Bot. Afric. XXI, pp. 1-36, Figs.1-24.

1937. Sur une isopode parasite du genreAsotana Sch. et M., 1881 (=Badroul-boudour W. H. Leigh-Sharpe, 1937).Ann. Parasitol., XV, pp. 465, 466.

NIERSTRASZ, H. F.1931. Die Isopoden der Siboga-Expedition.

III, Part 2 (Flabellifera). Siboga-Exp., XXXIIc, pp. 1-111p, Figs. 1-129,Pls. X, XI.

NIERSTRASZ, H. F., AND MAREES VAN SWIN-DEREN, J. W.

1931. Sftsswasser-Isopoden der deutschenLimnologischen Sunda-Expedition.Suppl. Bd. 9, Trop. Binnengewasser,II, pp. 394-402, Figs. 1-5.

PEARSE, A. S.1936. Results of survey of the cenotes in

Yucatan. Cenotes of Yucatan, Car-negie Inst. of Washington, Pub. No.457, Part II, pp. 17-28, Pls. I, ii.

1936a. Parasites from Yucatan. Cenotes ofYucatan, Carnegie Inst. of Washing-ton, Pub. No. 457, Part VII, pp. 45-59, Figs. 1-21.

1938. Fauna of the caves of Yucatan. Car-negie Inst. of Washington, Pub. No.491, pp. 1-17, Figs. 1-8.

RATZEBURG, J. T. C. See Brant and Ratzeburg.

14119401

142 Bulletin American Mu

STEPHENSEN, K.1913. (This should be the date of the Con-

spectus Crustaceorum et Pyenogon-idorum Groenlandiae, niot 1917 asgiven in Van Naine, 1936, p. 506.)

1936. A tanaid (Tanais stanfordi Richard-son) found in fresh water in theKurile Islands, with taxonomic re-maiks oni the genius Tanais. Annot.Zool. Japon., XV, pp. 361-373, Figs.1-5.

TOUMEY, M. See under Gibbes, R. W.VAN NAME, W. G.

1936. The Amnerican land and fresh-waterisopod Crustacea. Bull. AmericanMus. Nat. Hist., LXXI, pp. i-vii,1-535, Figs. 1-323.

VERHOEFF, K. W.1908c. Androniscus, n. gen. (13. Isopoden-

Aufsatz.). Zool. Aniz. XXXIII, pp.129-148, Figs. 1-12.

1933b. Zur Systematik, Geographie u. Oeko-logie der Isopoda terrestria Italiens u.ueber einige Balkan-Isopoden. (49.Isopoden-Aufsatz.). Zool. Jahrb.,Syst., LXV, pp. 1-64, Pls. i, ii.

tseiuum of Natural History [Vol. LXXVII

1937. Ueber einige neue unid bekaunlte Iso-poda terrestria (61. Isopoden-Aufsatz.).Sitzungsb. Naturf. Freurnde Beirlin,ann., 1936, pp. 411-430, Figs. 1-22.

1938. Zur Kenritniss der Gattuing Porcelliound ueber Isopoda-Oniscoidea derInsel Cherso. Arch. f. Naturg., (n.f.)VII, pp. 97-136, Figs. 1-21.

1938a. Weltstellung der Isopoda terrestria,neue Familiein derselbein und neuesSystem. Zool. Jahrb. Syst., LXXI,pp. 253-264. (New classification pro-posed.)

WAECHTLER, W.1937. Isopoda (Asselio) in: Die Tier welt

Mitteleur opas. II, part 2, pp. 227--317, Figs. 1-121, 1 P1. (This im-portant German work deals with anidillustrates details of a number ofspecies common to Europe andAmerica, and has an extensive bibliog-raphy.)

WEBB, W. M., AND SILLEM, C.1906. The British woodlice. Essex Natural-

ist (Stratford, England), XIV, pp.38-56, 81-111, Pls. I-xxv, Figs. 1-59.

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,I .4 A, Supplement the American Land lresh-Water Isopod Crustacea · A, Supplement to the American Land and lresh-Water Isopod Crustacea BY WILLARD G. VAN NAME BULLETIN THEIAMERICAN