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I am Dmitri Mendeleev!. I made the PERIODIC TABLE !. What is the PERIODIC TABLE?. Shows all known elements in the universe. Organizes the elements by chemical properties. How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?. What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?. The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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I am Dmitri Mendeleev!
I made the PERIODIC TABLE !
What is the PERIODIC TABLE?
oShows all known elements in the universe.
oOrganizes the elements by chemical properties.
How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?
What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?
oThe number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom
OroThe number of
electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.
What is the SYMBOL?
oAn abbreviation of the element name.
What is the ATOMIC WEIGHT?
oThe number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic
table?
o # of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER
o # of ELECTRONS = ATOMIC NUMBER
o # of NEUTRONS = ATOMIC _ ATOMIC WEIGHT
NUMBER
Families on the Periodic Table• Elements on the periodic
table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.
• Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
• Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
Periods •Each row is called a “period”
1st Period = 1 Shell
2nd Period = 2 Shells
3rd Period = 3 Shells
4th Period = 4 Shells
•The elements in each period have the same number of shells
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Groups
•Each column is called a “group”
•Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.
Group 1 = 1 electron
Group 2 = 2 electrons
Group 8 = 8 electrons
Except for He, it has 2 electrons
•The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”
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3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for:
Sodium - Na3rd Period = 3 shells
1st Group = 1 valence electron
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Write your answers on your handout.
NeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
Ne
8th Group = 8 valence electrons
2nd Period = 2 shellsNeonName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
HName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
H
1st Group = 1 valence electron
1st Period = 1 shellHydrogenName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
BeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
Be
2nd Group = 2 valence electrons
2nd Period = 2 shellsBerylliumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
SName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
S
6th Group = 6 valence electrons
3rd Period = 3 shellsSulfurName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
KName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
K
1st Group = 1 valence electron
4th Period = 4 shellsPotassiumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
HeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
He
8th Group = 2 valence electrons
1st Period = 1 shellHeliumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
• Helium is the exception in Group 8.
• Since it has just one shell, that shell can only fit 2 electrons instead of 8.
• It is in this group because all the elements have a full outer shell.
Now you are almost as smart as I am!
But not as handsome!Man, I look GOOD!
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
What is an ELEMENT?o A substance
composed of a single kind of atom.
o Cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical or physical means.
What is a COMPOUND?
oA substance in which two or more different elements are CHEMICALLY bonded together.
What is a MIXTURE?
oTwo or more substances that are mixed together but are NOT chemically bonded.
Element, Compound or Mixture?
Element, Compound or Mixture?
Element, Compound or Mixture?
Element, Compound or Mixture?
Element, Compound or Mixture?
Element, Compound or Mixture?
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