i ? * H E N P ' f F i G L T » M ^Henry F ielding, vrho died 200 years ago, was one of the

ploniers o f the English novpl. *The few novels which had been ?> written before his tine were sentimental in the extreme and dealt vith the people of the uppor classefe only. Fielding readied against these tendeneie*- and produced works fu l l of a rich and comprehensive realism and a deop concern fo r the happiness of a l l kinds of people. He, too, wws a great s a t ir is t who did not hesitate to attack greody landlords, corrupt po litic ians and m ilitary adventurers.

} \

A H T o t i l f c J t 5V O F 5. - ^ V l CThe music of i*ntonln Dvorak, apart from its greet intrinsic

merit, is particu larly important as the expression of the desire fo r independence of o small and oppressed netion. During Dvorak1? lifetim e (1841-1904), the Csech people wore an oppressed minority under the rule of the Austrian Empire. As he began to achieve recognition, Dvorak was continually advised to adopt a German stylo in composition, to Germ^iglte-his' name, arid generally conceal his Cscch origin . No doubt lM!?would have had an easier, more prosperous l i f e had be done so. But he was not interested in any such easy prevarication. He remained stubbornly loyal to His own people, and to the tradition of Csech music founded by Smetana.

By the tirap of his death, he had done much towards establish ing Cacch culture as an independent entity in the eyes of the worlc

His interests were not, however, purely nationalistic.During his stay In America, he was a consistent champion of the Negro people and ras one of tho f i r s t to recognise their place in American music.

A H T D H d H E K Q V

Anton Chekov is the greatest of Russian dramatists, anc ranks with Ibsen as a founder of modern drama. As in the ease of Dvorak, this is the fiftieth anniversary of his death.

Ho came of a family of snrfs who had, in the previous generation, raised themselves to the precarious status of smal . shoplfcopers.

In the face of great financial difficulties, Chekov succeeded in becoming a doctor; Ho never forgot the poverty of his early yoars and th: humble origin of his family. His work is full of sympathy for human suffering, disgust at Tsarist 4 decadence anc faith In the new idfceis, which were inspiring the younger generation tovards the end of his life.

THE SOUTH .«FRICj*N PEACE COUNCIL IS ORGANISING ALECTURE ON CHEKOV AND READING OF ONE OF HISPUYS DURING JULY. V.' TCH FOR • *J1NOUNCEMENTS JWHY NOT ORGANISE SIMILAR FUNCTIONS IN YOUR AREA-?THE LOC^L P&.CE COUNCIL HILL ASSIST.

T-

PEACPNEf IET

4. A AOM OTMJEJ

M.P.'S WAIT PACT OF PEACE.More than 200 members of Parlia­ment arid of the Government of the Government attended a meetJ _ which recently took place in Madras, at which the economist Kumarappa, follower of Gandhi, vioe-chairman of the All India Peace Council spoke of the tasks which lr_y before the Peace Movement in India. Thoae present included the most out­standing representatives of the Congress Party (Nehru's party) and of the Praja Socialist Party. The meeting passed a resolution calling for sr. inrsoilate cease-fire in Korea, the signing of a Pact of Peace between the Five Great Powers and support fox the Appeal of the Congress of the Peoples for Peace.

LONGSHOREMEN'S UNION FOR PEACE.The rectr.t Convention of the Int­ernational Longshoreman's and Warehousemen's Union in San Fran- cisc^ set as its major objective a "crusade for peace" ■which in­cludes tne following! main points s. An immediate cease-fire in Korea

. Cease-fire in Indo—China, Malaya and Africa, with all issues to be negotiated . A gdneral arms reduction of all the big countries and the outlawing of atom and hydrogen bombs, germ warfare and other such weapons. A meeting between the hsads of the United States and the Soviet Onion.

attempts made to impose the Middle East Pact.

MTnmr. ka.ctp pa£7T OCHUMHED. In Lebanon, 71 person­alities, including I.P.’s, Mohsomedan and Christian religious chiefs and nationalist leadsrs hare made a statement In which they denounce the reoect

The text of the stataaant says, among other thingsi"We have learned w M } y eet indignation of U » » Ualliance and on the tfgras— nts with Israel because these country into military blocs, to mislead the Arab peoples of their national problems while preserving on their and foreign military baaee."The nswspaper "Al Telegraph" of Beyrouth publiehed a petition*signed by 82 la

the Arab^Turkfedsr*!ta of drawing our formal solution* occupation armies

lawyers declaring thsmselrea against "any Middle E^et its latest far* - federal alliance with Turkey."

defence plan, innliirUng

PEACE CCHGHESS TM W X R KAM. Delegates from different politioal parties, popular organisations, representatives froa tbs Rational Assembly and from the Government of all nationalities and beliefs, attended the All Viet Nam Peace Congreea at the. end of March. The Congress at the end of March* The Congress decided to organise throughout the Country intensive study of tbs resolutions of the Asian and Pacific Peace Congress and the Congrsss of the peoples in Vienna.

CONGRESS FOR MDEPEKLEHCE. Industrial, peasant and workers' trade unions, the Union of Young Priests, the Union of Teachers, the Students Unicn, and the Youti^swl Woosn's movements, hnva •

given publio approval to the oalling of an Ioelandio people's Congress in Rejkavik in May. The Congress will dlscussi Inviolability of Iceland

Peaoo fear all the peoples of the world < land far the Ioelandics.

The Icelandic Union of Writers has adopted a resolution protesting against the installation of U.$. troops on their soil.

CULTURAL CONFERENCE FOR SOOTH AMERICA. The first Continental Cultural Conference o^sssdhin Santiago, Chile, at the end of April.An event of extreme importance in the oulhral life of America, the Congress has met with snthuaiaatie response

in ^very country of the continent. It was oalled on the basis of these three pointsi. To stiaulats tfce cultural d evelojment of the A m r lC m peoples, by taking practioal stepe to preaorrs the jsatianal character of thsir culture ^v. as j otmf 1 nasrt on ftigjs**

I

X)*>

'a - Y 0 » 7MAT I 'S ® ' CtN DO TO fleif Tue

s* A f r ic a n p e a c e c @n « ;sThe Congress to form a national peace movement in South Africa will take place in

£ S ? 24th, 25th £ d 26th. The Call to Peace issued £ all South Africa by the Organising Committee for this Congress appears on the front page of ^ S ^ l ^ e r ! S a d i ^ individuals all over South A frica are b e t o g ^ d to endorse this Peace Call, and organisations fill soon receive a copy of the Call •fmrt-Mnir th*m to endorse it, too. The success of this Congress depends on the efforts of every single person in this country •_14th YOUR help and support, it is possible to — uav/c A ftr:A.r)Ymake this Congress the starting point for a nation-wide organised peace movement, such as exiata today in alaoat every country of the world. Here are some of the things that you, as a peace supporter, oan doi1) Approach leading people In your town or area, and aak them to endorse the Peace Call.(Churchmen, professional people, authors, artists, scientists, Trade Union leaders, politioal leaders, etc.)2) Get any orwmieatlcm of which you are a member to endorse the Peace Call (Trade UttLcr», Sport A, Youth, or Women's Organis­ation* , Hatioual Organisations, etc.)5) Hold 4i.ooMloM.lth f t *

l 3 5 « n i l » In f*otorle., offlo.., .hop., .tr».t. or «r«M, fr<* tore cor country.4) frit, to tb. S w w u i r , Box 10528, for mjr further lrfoi»tlo» you Nqulr., sat also for collection liata to raise money in support of the Congees.

_____ to rale* merfcy UTiqpporl cirjft Ccngree*.j aaoe Speekere^to cone to your organisation or your «*a, to address a

explaining the ifcortanoe of the Congress. ■

i \ \ & ft e a o y r w D o R ^ O c a u .

Among the names of leading people who are among the first to endorse the Peace Call areiER. HHLAPO, Editor of the Bantu World.Dr. JOSEPH GTLIM4H.REV. TAITTSI (Vice-Preaident of the Inter-Denominational Churches)REV.TBCMPBCi. r e v .’h Olff.MR. D. TWAU.

Hot60 HoVfiuST S u p p o rts P e A c e i k c n o w C o n f e s s

The noted novelist. Miss Edith Pargeter la one of the prominent people who are aupparting a Congress of Action for peace that is being held in England this month.Author of 14 novela, she is a holder of the British Boapire Medal, won for »aeal and wholehearted devotion-to duty’ when she eerved with the W.R.U.S. during the war."What matters far more than who began the cold war," she writes, "is who is going to be "iig enough toend it.In this period of new amftiopeful gest­ures between East and West it is part­icularly urgent that the universal

oxvUaagryan articu _______.government

C H U B ' .C o n + t r t a t J * * • " > # 4 * 4

P

and giving an impttlae to scientifie research, To pranote cultural exchanges between the countries of the Contirot, remrving the obstacles that prevent the free circulation and exchange of publication* and literary, article, scientific and technical works, and to promote more direct relations between intellectuals.To protect profesaional ethics, freedom

of creation and of opinion and the interests of intellectuals in general.The most distinguished figures in the field of literature, art and seienee, of all countries of the continent have already given their support, including the outstanding artlets, authors an* scientists from Mexico, Guatemala, Cuba, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, Brasil, Ecuador and Peru. ____

b lu e Noo C o u -e c ttO F u h o s < *> * ^ * kCt ,Z t m s ™ ? « 0 W i m m o * r > w e o p au.

^ L r 4 ' s k d s t > u £ C / f •

k strong opposition is being shown to the Middle East Corar.and amrng Lebanese Parliamentary circlf*.C.rtain important personalities have declared their strot.f opposition to the inclusion of Lebanon in the Middle- East Pact end prool-.iming their loyalty to netional indepondf-nee and world peace.

Ministers and Depot us have dtlcared thiir oppcsitior. to *he kiddle East Conrcand.

t r G V P T • * •The- Egyptian Cocnitt*.* of the Defenders of Peace, stating th-t the Egyptian people reject the jrlicy of military alliances, ha3 just vidressed a letter to the Go v% ror.cn t laving it r f t to perrit the ccxmtry to be drswr. into a Middle East bloc.

A • * •In the Alawite Mountains, in Syria, the representatives of the inhabitants of 200 villages have participated in four Peasant Conferenots in the course of which they organised the defence of •their rights, affirmed their opposition

Xm tha Middle East selves to

M id d l e g a $t Pa c t

~ S 7QOM& OPP0StTi0f\(

D r a ® n ^Express In,? th« sweeping sovement in

h India for China's entry into theUnited fiT ior-s- and for ?. Peace Pact btt.v,\;tr. * Bi* Five, one of the biggest i iily newspapers in Indite, the ’Tia-tj of India' •vrite3 *"The ufTe- rrjt-nt on the e xchance of aick ar.i wounded prisoners must be follower ~y a truce in Korea and the true*, in its turn, should lead to a s<_ it lenient in the Far East, du-. recount >_-ing paid to the role of Pfckinr in t.ht changing situation.The final step would be a Peace Puct tet'.veen the ;-'ove Great Powers which 'Aculd prevent war and would be a full guarantee of Peace."

•~3CVJ •NH CJ 2C S H S

\

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE!

S P E C I A L B U L L E T I N .

DEATH OP MADAME IRENE JOLIOT-CURIE

GREAT SCIENTIST AND PROMINENT MEMBER

OF THE PEACE MOVEMENT.

f . * ^ ! ■ i .1

/'■' SOUTH AFRICAN PEACE COUNCIL : ) '

s p e c i a l b u l l e T I N

DEATH OF IRENE JOLIOT-CURIE^ •• ’ . \• . . \

Professor Irene Joliot-Curie, Nobel prize for chemistry,member of the World Council of Peace, died recently in Paris,

. . . - fThe Secretariat of the World Council of Peace has sent the

following telegram to Professor Frederick Joliot-Curie, Presidentof the World Council of Peace:

f i

"Dear Professor Joliot-Curie, Our respect and friendship for you increase in this sad hour when you have lost the companion of your life, your work and your struggle for peace and human happiness. The memory of the great woman who so often encouraged and guided us by her example will always remain infinitely dear to us. Secretariat of the World Council of Peace."

Irene Joliot-Curie. great scientist, and prominent member of the Peace Movement

Daughter of Pierre, and Marie Curie, Irene Joliot-Curie, both through her own work and that done with her mother and later with her husband, had a foremost place among contemporary scientists

She was born in Paris on September 12, 1897.

After matriculating in 1914-, she entered the Science Faculty of Paris University, but throughout the 1914-1918 war she worked almost exclusively in the X-ray services directed by Marie Curie, going right into the war zone to equip and maintain the X-ray apparatus of Red Cross dressing stations.

At the end of the war Irene Joliot-Curie entered the Radium Institute. She pursued her further education and in 1920 obtained her degree in Mathematics and Physics. She began her scientific work in 1921 and defended a Doctor* s thesis in 1925.

In 1926 she married Frederick Joliot-Curie and from then on worked in close collaboration with him. She was especially con­cerned in work connected with bombarding atomic nuclei which led to the discovery of the neutron and then to proof of the existence of artificially produced radioactivity.

In recognition of this work she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1935.

Her work was interrupted by the Second World War. She had climbed step by step to the top of the University ladder.

Chief of research at the Radium Institute in 1932, she was appointed a member of the International Radium Standard Commission in 1934 and the following year took over the post of Research Director at the National Scientific Research Centre. She was a member of the Astrophysics Research Department, and in 1937 was appointed Reader in the Science Faculty of Paris University and the same year became a Professor. From 1939 onwards she was a member of the Higher Council of Scientific Research, and with the foundation of the Atomic Energy Commissariat in 194-6, she became Atomic Energy Commissioner and took part in the organisation of its work. In 194? she succeeded Dobierne as head of the Radium Laboratory and was appointed to a chair at the Sorbonne. From June to September 1936 she was also Under-Secretary of State for Scientific Research.

A member of many scientific societies, Irene Joliot-Curie was a foreign corresponding member of the Belgian Royal Academy of Medicine, of the Indian Academy of Sciences, and the U.S.S.R.Academy of Sciences. She held nororary degrees from Edinburgh,Oslo and several other universities.

Author of 54 scientific publications including some written in collaboration with Frederick Joliot-Curie, Irene Joliot-Curie was also the author of a book on Chemistry and Natural Radioelements.

In 1918 she was awarded the Medaille de la Reconnaisance Francaise and was made an officer of the Legion of Honour in 1949.

Deeply attached to the cause of peace and friendship between the peoples, Irene Joliot-Curie was a member of the World Council of Peace which loses in her one of its most eminent figures.

Issued by the South African Peace Council, P. 0. Box 10528, Johannesburg

%5

» S *rw Vol. I. No. 2.

SOUTH AFRICANS FOR

P E A C EBulletin of th« South African Paact Council. OCTOBER. 1954.

£223,342,859,543J U S T try to think for a moment about the f^rures at the

head of this articleThis incredible sum o f money is what si* years of war

11939 to 1945) cost in cash.It also cost a total of 16,095,644 members o f the armed

forces killed or reported missing; a further 11,860,327 wounded.

It cost, in addition, at least another 14 million civilians killed.

These are fantastic figures — *o fantastic that they don t really mean much; not until you rcduce them each to their individual story. If, for instance, we started to calculate how many homes, schools, hospitals; libraries could be built (not destroyed) for more than two hundred and twenty three thousand million pounds . . . or iFw e worked out what extent the continent o f Africa could be stripfied o f iwbackwardness, its diseases and deficiencies eliminated, its peoples and resources developed, for only a small frac­tion of that vast sum . . .

Or if we sp ike in terms o f human beings and their lives, and recorded only a few, only a minute number, of the tens of millions of sad and terrible stone* embodied in those astronomical casualties . . .

But it would take too Ion;;. And it is in the past There­fore we will «peak of today. We will speak of our country and our world now, in the present.

A M A N DIES.Let us speak about the man who died a month ago. He

was a victim of the third If orld If ar. He was hubovamas, a Japanese fisherman from the unfortunate boat the ‘ ‘ Fortu­nate Dragon . the little fishing boat that w js ninety miles from the ccntre of the explosion of America’s H-bomb in the Pacific.

The whitc dust o f death fell on Kuhoyamas and his shipmat *, arid n.> doctors in the world could s a v e his l i fe

A M A N LIVES.\nd a month ago another man spoke to the world, a

man who es< aped death — a man who was condemned to death, who had hi*, sentence commuted to life imprisonment, and two years ago was released from jail

His name is Kessclring, ex-Field Marshal Albert Kessel- rine, butcher of Coventry, Warsaw, Rotterdam and the Ardeatine Caves, near Rome.

Kesselring now declares he was too “ humanitarian". Fast month he fold R00 district fuehrers of the Steelhelmet League of former front-line Nazi- troops: “ One day they will blame me for putting humanitarian considerations into the forefront at the expense of tactics".

K>-9selrine and hi< friends, the ex-C»enerals who have revived the General Staff, have completed their plans for the New German Armv of 4.S divisions. 1.600.000 men.

Yet the Internnf'onal M ilitary Tribune that tried the leadin-» Nazis and WVhrmacht g e W t V as war crinvnats, passed this solemn judgement on an General Staffand High Command:—

N E W PEACE C O U N C IL PAMPHLET.

The S.A. Peace Council has rushed to press a pamphlet on the full implications o f German re­armament. Write immediately to the Secretary, P.O. Box 10528, Johannesburg, ordering your sup­plies to sell. The pamphlet will cost Id.

“ They haw been responsible in large measure for tlte miseries and suffering that have fallen on millions o f men, uvmen and children . . . They were certainly a ruthless military caste . . . The truth is they actively participated in ail these crimes or sat silent arul acquies­cent. witnessing the commission of crimes on a scale larger and more shocking than the uorld hus ex'er had the misfortune to know.'’And this is what Churchill said of them:

If hat tragedies, what horror,s. n hut crimes, hat e Hitler and all that H itler stands fo r brought nuon fu ro p e and the world.

The ruins o f IT arson, o f Rotterdam, o f llclicrode ar, monuments uhich u ill long recall U, future genera­tions the outrage o f the unopposed a r (tombing ap filrd with calculated scientific cruelly to helpless iK>:mla- tions . . .

In e r try country m fo uhich the German armies and Sazi police hare broken there has sprang up from ’he soil a hatred o f the German name and a contempt fo r the \ ,iri creed u hich the passage o f hundr, ds of years u ill not efface from human memory Hundred.-, o f years? Hundred* of month ? Hundr. ds

of dav* ' How i« it that some have dflilwrateh tr >1 r.t ffnne that memory? How is it they are planums to do it a-ain, asrain. a ./a in ? Who i* making a moek< rv ..f !ln>«, millions o f dead, who is once a'-ain trvini: to arm the> n:..listers, to s e t them up once more as the ‘protectors* with the old, outworn, Hitlerian crv the so-called Communist danger — to launch a n c» war on the world?

Take those figures of money spent, o f lives spent, in the last * ir and think for a moment: if it happens asain they will be multiplied la-vond human comprehension by the atom holocaustN O T TO O LATE.

F>ut if in not too late. As plans for f***rman r^arm.im^nt pro ahead, so do plan? to preserve pearr We-r Germanv itself speaks out against German rearmament: by 387 vote* to 5 their Trade Union Congress rejVcts this ^ep towaids a new world war. The plans made at the 9-Power talks have yet to !*■ ratified bv Parliaments.

The people of the world cry ‘H A fT ’ to war plans We in South Africa, too, add our voices to the world wide de- mand to stop the rearmament o f Germany, to remove the weapon* from th- hands of former Nazi criminal*, and to plani 5 Power talks to hrin? about peace prfct. and end the terrible threat o f war for all time. *

I

~ ~ " — ----------------- -------------- Octobar, I9S4.

SOUTH X f l M A'S tck e isn DCLICyn a t i o n a l i s t r e c o r d . ___________

JHE Nationaliata an republican — or claim to be! They ____ UNTTHJ PARTY ROLE

^ f x f n r iz : r r r : - * «

P ' can assume that if Germany wins she will sembly on August' ! ( ) " l « U ,p<‘ak,np in ,he A*"ta k en the Empire, and on this p o in t’C e r Z n Lit °*> August 10. 1953. repu ted th.s claim:

WnS° Z £ r $ l e* m' nt WUh OUr f f l ° rtS th* r T ? * & * 40 * ° ouer th* f ^ d o f how“ * c" » assume that Germany will Government had to have pressure to bear on it a leu

Z L S t S T t lnn ?Utk AfrlCa Wllh ° go irrn m em “J ? I U ' ° ° k ^ deciilon "> P ° r t i c i L esiblc^anA^ihni \ ^ T * G o' * rn '™ M « pos- * ^ ’U te d N o tio m effort to resist naked e g g re s w iSuch w 5 ? v !{ erenigde Nasionale Party.'* “ ,hlch too* * « * ° r e o . JF<• live in a w o ld fu ll of

i » w l i t , * ’ “ • p ,B y po,iCf " b' " H i" " z ? A * r

sourrls and ^ ! t,on* l,*t*. havc South African re- * “ * as,urance fo r the maintenance o f world peace ”

aggressive, i £ ^ f j al 5 war. 9POSal ^ ^ f ° rC” makln? for S ou th A fr ,° mlfi,,* d N * tiona'i,t and Uniled Party effort co.t

"BI-PARTISAN POLICY" ^Nationalist and Uniled Party are in agreement on this i c S d V ° k,,,#d..and J£ mi“ in9- Prim. Minister d *

Mn noT ir;* l°W Wh“ ‘ ,He American* call 3 “ bi-parti- proud"- hed7d ‘ n o t ' t j ' t t ? 0* ^ " * b®

linn '•* *d ,-'C aRr<T mPnt' 'here is little discus-•h™,. ,k ? T ’ in .P arl,am™< h«ve next to nothing to say A DANGEROUS PATHabout the vital problem: is civilisation to he r W r L ~ l k. rA-bomb* and H-bombs, or ia the world to live and progress ^ " “,y p*1' t 1' ! * ' ? ** H<*ar 10 > » !

l „ P ^ ° f hiR f*°Wcrs’ l«r t icu l.r fy of the UnitedWHen the House does debate external affairs the f . nl ** T 0V1"K tho * orld toward* war. Our r overnmrnt

unanimity 0f all side, is im pressive-and depressing t * * ' " * < W 4 ' V in to ,hpir ha',d>c a u s e it is a u n a n i m i t y a g a i n s t n« a m i» *- ,

•*n poucr- «*i* w ; t s

S i r vr wt ,S "-“ r "—-*• -n * ,k • 1 . a w ^ i ^ d a controlling influence , . M ore<>vcr. uranium production is an nHdirim,,!K.S: “(■"&“«* AW“-Thu *.... *•I t rr^4^°L"“- .

"N a tive " " ----------------------------- ---- ------------

T U u T u” ' " T " , , r M " “ p m . £ig eo 16,874,000 6.424,000 1 138 0(X) ^9anf¥w^ 0 0 ^ Total Budgeti q r . ' r r ----------- 23.303.000 8.232.000 795 000 2,811.000 152.442^33

5 — ------- 19.991,000 8,498,000 815 000 l o S ’n m ^./OO.ftOO 224.170.540--------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ' 4,904.000 4.(KX).000 226.693.400

Did M r Moore or any other member of the House nro n T " I ~ --------------------------------

la b lv Pnon in,PTrJia,is,ic ^ la ra t io n ? Regret- u , * T' Clinnot M rr-V a ^ P arate existence.

U S I Z X y : 0" A w“ • * th' N fc - lh' " ' “ * • Govemment ,h„uld

a m i’ a J orS S ^ aggressive policy such as that '* T ^ * ‘ de ° f fh(>se rountrirs who w*nt peace;to h ^ J Z a T M/ nisteT’ « « « « " « ' « / h r us C sh° uW demand an end “ » ^ production o f A- and H-

/,n" /W“ " ■ * ' * ” ‘ ^ " " u b0,,:b ,' “ “ ■« " “ V p « i * « l South A l r i "behind thi« policy.

ctoker, 1954. P E A C E

DOES CHINA EXIST?According to the latest census, there are over

six hundred million people in China today. Yet this populous country, occupying an important position in world affairs, is not ‘ recognised by the united Nations Organisation, which reftises to admit (.hina to UNO.

The important reasons why China must become 4 member of the United Nation* are set out in a new duplicated leaflet, recently issued by the Peace Council.

Copies of this leaflet for distritubion to friends or work-matps, can bq obtained from the Secretary, Box 10528, Johannesburg.

outh A frican Peace Activities

CAPE TOWN ORGANISES FINE CONFERENCET H E Conference held during August in Cape Town in Pe«ce and National Liberation in the G ty Hall

laid the foundation* for « real advance in peace work in the Cape.Fifty delegates, representing about 20,000 people, auended the Conference, many took part in

the discussion, and all expressed a keen desire that more such events should be arranged.The following report issued by the Cape Town Peace Council may provide suggestions an

ideas for peace Conference* in other localities. __________

A special feature of the conference was the varied ature of the proceedings. To begin with, an attractive isplay of photographs, posters and pictures was arranged,Justrating various phases of the peace movement. These, sgether with the Council’s banner and an illuminated wood- ut of the peace doves, gave the proceedings a stimulating

fh e Chairman opened the conference, speaking of the errible new threats that modern weapons presented to all lumanity, and describing the role of the World Peace Move- nent.

There followed a reading of poems expressing the deep- eated desire for peace. 1 hese readings made a deep im- session and left a conviction that literature can be a vital neans of developing an awareness o f peace.

We then listened to an analysis of recent international ■vents, and the significance of the settlements in Korea and Indo-China.

The next item aroused great interest and made a visible mpression. Some delegates indicated in the subsequent discussion that only after seeing it had ihey Income fullv convinced that war was an unmitigated evil against whuji the full force of the national movements should be mobilised.The feature consisted of the projection of a number of slides depicting the fat. fui effects of the two atomic bombs dropped or. Hiroshima, and secondly, the methods used by police and military units to break up a grejt May Day demonstra­tion for peace and national independence in Tokyo.

Conference then heard an African member of llie Council on why the women had a special interest in thepeace movement.

After discussion, three resolutions were passed unani­mously. They concerned: f i t the demand for a total I'tin on all atomic weapons, the possibility of peaceful co-exig­ence between the various powers, and the need for South Africa to limit the use of uranium to peaceful development of natural resources, and to develop I'.ost-We-'t I rade and other peaceful relations. (2 ) The fait that discrimination i i a ihreat to peace, and a call to th»> South African govern­ment to direct its energies towards improving conditions, building schools, providing homes, hospitals and oilier pro­jects to bring prosperity and happiness to South Africa.(3 ) Condemnation of the dosing of schools and indiscrimi­nate shooting and bombing of people in Kenya.

10.000 LEAFLETS . . . READY FOR YOU.Present-day problems of peace and German re­

armament are the subject of a new leaflet prepared by the Peace Council for general distribution. The leaflet is called ‘What Money Can Do', and em­phasises the disastrous waste of war and the deep necessity to preserve peace.

Arm yourself with copies of this leaflet — 10.000 are being printed — and use them in work­ing for the Peace Council; distribute them at meet­ings and in areas everywhere.

Notes from the Transvaal

• Four hundred meml>ers of the F nod and banning Workers’ Union heard the chairman of the 'I ransvaal Peace Council speak to them at their annual general meeting re­cently. Deeplv impressed by the importan *• o f working for peace, a committee of six people was elected bv the meeting, for the purpose of keeping in touch with the Pe.ue ( ouncil, distributing Peace literature, and generally keeping the issue of peacc before the union meinl-ers.

• Important event in the Transvaal is the forthcoming Ministers’ Conference t27ih October, 10 a.m., at Khol- vad House) organised by the Peace Council. Ninety-five in_ vitations to the Conference were sent out. and alread\ 2.i have signified their .mention of attending, representing manydifferent denominations.

Peace Council Chairman, Rev. 0 . C. Thompson, will open the Conference, and Rev. Bluxall i- among those who will speak.

• Three cinema* in Johannesburg are at present dis­playing slides With p e a c e slogans, prepared by the lYace Council Other districts--can you follow suit?

• Money-raiding functions planned during October in­clude a Fordsburg film evening, a l^ake Sale, a Jumble

Sale• A public meeting is planned to take pla< e shortly,

organised by the Hillbrow Doornfontein Branch of the Peace Council, which was farmed last month.

TO K A ! KHOTSO ! PULA! N A L A l

These are the words appearing on the report of the 1st Annual Conference of the Basutoland African Conere^s, held at Maseru earlier this year.

They stand for: JUSTICE! PEACE! R A IN ! P L E N T Y '

4 P E A C E4'

Og+obor, ITS4.World Round-up

PEACE NEWS from MANY COUNTRIES• JAPAN. 15,000 people welnonfr fl back Japanese de­

legate* who had returned from a meeting of the Bureau of the World Peace Council at the end of August. A choir of2,000, ballet and other dancing, was part o f the programme at this magnificent peace meeting, at which six resolutions on peace were unanimously adopted. ’

In four months, 1,013,472 signature were collected in the province o f Hiroshima for the prohibition of atomic and hydrogen bombs. They were sent to the United Nations.

• IN D IA . September was observed as “ Asian So li­darity Month, in response to a call by the A ll India Peace Council, and in all provinces enthusiastic support was given to peace rallies, the collection o f signatures fo r a peace ap peal, and other activities.

• A U STR ALIA . A Conference organised by the New South Wales Peace Council in Sydney passed resolutions calling for the replacement of EATO plans and the ANZUS treaty with immediate discussions between the Australian and all Asian Governments, whatever their political char­acter, to secure regional agreements guaranteeing security and peace to all the countries concerned; and asking for the adin i«ion of China to the United Nations

• SPAIN. Despite great difficulties, the Spanish Peace Movement is exerting an ever growing influence on public opinion. In many factories in Madrid, Barcelona, Asturias and the Basque country workers have signed resolutions against the military pact between Spmn and the United States signed in September 1953. and in favour o f peaceful co-existence. The Spanish Peace Committee states that since the signing o f the p a A Spain has become a military camp fo r foreign power, to Ifce impoverishment of Spain In the streets o f Spanish citie i, sticky-backs and slogans appear tel­ling the occupying power to go home.

• CAM FROONS. The development of the struggle for peace in the Cameroon* has resulted in the formation of new Peace Committee*, after die signing o f the armistice in Indo-China. The Peace Movement is growing steadily.

• PE A C E C R U ISE . 506 Swedes, 18 Norwegians, 113 Finns, 79 Danes, 4 repre'.enlatnes o f the German Dem o­cratic Republic and 4 from Poland participated in the Peace Cruise o f the Polish ship, S.S. Batory. The passengers in ­cluded scientists, doctors, lawyers, journalists, housewives, workers, directors and works managers, men and women of different politica l and religious views, cruising under the slogan: ' Pence and Friendship between the Peoples o f the W orld " The cruise urns delated to strengthening fteace and friendship between the countries o f the Baltic sen. countries with different social systenij

LITTLE GUY WILL COP IT HOTBy N AT GU8BINS.

Asked if the hydrogen bomb might start a chain of re­actions which would destroy the eaith, Prof, 1 rey. Ann ri- can atomic scientist said: "Possible, but not probably. Rut 1 see no cause for alarm After all. the iarth is only a tiny planet in a \ast universe ”Only a t in > man you are in a forest o f tiny tree*;O r a man on a t ny mountain top t nelosed h) tiny seas. And noltody out in the hemisphere, if anyone hies so far. Would turn a hair, or trouble to stare, if your miniature

earth so full of care Turned into a falling star.

Only a tiny man you are; in a tiny city dueli W ith millions of other tm\ men. trapped in a t ny hell Hut those uho duell. if dwell they do. in u or his beyond the

sunW ill shed no tear, if a jlash and a smrar, tell all u ho ualch

in the hemisphere Your tiny race is run

Only a tiny man you are. and your tiny wile.In your liny house in. a I i « v town, I t 'n g your tiny life And none who live in the larger lands behind the Milky Way W ill feel a pang or care a hang, o r turn a head at the tiny

bangThat ends your tiny day.

(Published in the Vancouver Sun, reprinted in the Canadian “ Peace Review.” )

If vou want to receive this Bulletin regularly and other material issued by the Peace Council, write to the Secretary, Bo* 10528 Johannesburg.

. _ , — w . ________________________________________________________________

W ORLD PACIFIST CONFERENCE DECLARES A G A IN ST A -W EAPO N S.

A resolution asking for the absolute prohibition of atomic weapons, the destruction o f existing atomic weapons, a permanent b i t on the use of run lear energy for military purposes, the placing of atomic energy resources under international con­trol to m a k e them available for peaceful purposes only, was passed at the World Pacifist Conference which look plaie in Tokvo, Japan. in \pril of thin year

The resolution concludes with these words:. that the crime committed bv using the atom

bomb ‘ ball never be allowed to l*e repeated, and that a- i loL n of this solemn determination, the* >'v of Hiroshima shall henceforth be known a? the Citv of Peace , which stand « ' a monumentcalling on all men to str^e for the abolition of

W O RLD CO U NCIL MEETS IN NOVEMRER

The World Council of Peace meets in the middle of next month, with the following points on the agenda:

i l l Co-operation o f all the states o f Europe in the organisation of their common *ei uritv.

(2 * The situation created'in different parts o f Asia by foreign intervention and by the system of military bloes and coalitions

(3 ) The situation created in Latin America by inter- fcrenee in the infernal affairs of nation*.

<•}) Preparations of aj Assembly of representatives of the forces o f peace in all countries during the firs! half of 1955.

Printed <>y Prompt Printing Co (P fy .) Ltd.. II Harris Street, Westjate, Johannesburg.

S A P *

Naw S«rm Vol. I. No. 2.

•: y. *■:" <

SOUTH AFRICANS FOR

P E A C EBulletin of tf»* South African Paaca Cornell. OCTOBER, 1954.

r r

£223,342,859,543JU ST try to think for a moment about the figures at the

head of this article.This incredible sum of money is what six years of war

(1939 to 1945) cost in cash.It also coat a total o f 16,095,644 members o f the armed

forces killed or reported missing; a further 11,860,327 wounded.

It coat, in addition, at least another 14 million civilians killed. v

These are fantastic figures — so fantastic that thev don’t really mean muck; not until you reduce them each to their individual story. If, for instance, we started to calculate how many homes, schools, hospitals, libraries could be built (not destroyed) for more than two hundred and twenty three thousand million pounds . . . or if we worked out to what extent the continent o f Africa could be stripped o f its backwardness, its diseases and deficiencies eliminated, its peoples and resources developed, for only a small frac­tion of that vast sura . . .

Or if we^poke in terms o f human being* and their livea, and recorded only a few, only a minute number, o f the tens o f millions o f sad and terrible stories embodied in those astronomical casualties . . .

But it would take too long. And it is in the past. There­fore we will speak o f today. W e will speak o f our country and our world now, in the present.

A MAN DIES.Let us speak about the man who died a month ago. He

was a victim o f the third W orld War. He was Kuboyamas, a Japanese fisherman from the unfortunate boat the “ Fortu­nate Dragon” , the little fishing boat that was ninety miles from the centre o f the explosion o f America’s H-bomb in the Pacific.

The white dust o f death fell on Kuboyamas and hi* shipmat's. and no doctors in the world could sa\e his life. A MAN LIVES.

And a month ago another man spoke to the world, a man who escaped death — a man who was condemned to death, who had his sentence rommuted to life imprisonment, and two years ago was released from jail.

His name is Kcselring, ex-Field Marshal Albert Kessel- ring, butcher o f Coventry, Warsaw, Rotterdam and the Ardeatine Caves, near Rome.

Kesaelring now declares he was too “ humanitarian” . Last month he told 800 district fuehrers o f the Steelhelmet League o f former front-line Nazi troops: “ One day they will blame me for putting humanitarian considerations into the forefront at the expense of tactics” .

K'-saelring and hi, friends, the ex-Generals who have revived the General Staff, have completed their nlans for the New German Army o f 48 divisions. 1.600.000 men.

Yet the International M ilitary Tribune that tried the leading Nazis and Wehrmaeht genera l as war crim :na!», passed this solemn judgement on the German General Staff and High Command:—

NEW PEACE COUNCIL PAMPHLET.The S.A. Peace Council has rushed to press a

pamphlet on the full implications o f German re­armament. Write immediately to the Secretary, P.O. Box 10528, Johannesburg, ordering your sup­plies to sell The pamphlet will coat Id.

“ They have been responsible in la rg t measure for the miseries and suffering that h a ir fallen on millions o f men, women and children . . . They were certainly a ruthless m ilitary caste . . . The truth is they actively participated in all these crimes o r sal silent and acquies­cent, witnessing the commission o f crimes on a scale larger and more shocking than the world has ever had the misfortune to know."And this is what Churchill said o f them:—

“ What tragedies, what horrors, what crimes, have H itler and all that H itler stands fo r brought upon Europe and the world.

‘The ruins o f Warsaw, o f Rotterdam, o f Belgrade are monuments which will long recall to future genera­tions the outrage o f tke unopposed a r-bombing applied with calculated scientific cruelty to helpless popula­tions . . .

In every country into which the German armies and Nazi police have broken there has sprung up from the soil a hatred o f the German name and a contempt fo r the ftazi creed which the passage o f hundreds o f Years u ill not efface from human memory ”Hundreds o f years? Hundreds o f months? Hundreds

o f days? How is it that some have deliberately tried to efface that memory? How la it they are planning to do it a?ain, •gain, again? Who ia making a mockery of th « e millions o f dead, who is once again trving to arm these mongers, to set them up onee more as the ‘protectors’ with the old, outworn. Hitlerian cry — the so-called Communist danger — to launch a new war on the world?

Take those figures o f money spent, of lives spent, in the last war and think for a moment: if it ha|>|>ens again they will he multiplied beyond human comprehension by the atom holm anM.NOT TOO LATE.

Rut it is not too late. As plans for German rearmament go ahead, so do plans to preserve peace. W e«( Germanv it-elf speak, out aerainst German rearmament: by 387 votes to 7 their Trade Union Congress rejects this step towaids a new world war. The plans made at the 9 Power talks have yet to be ratified bv Parliaments.

The people o f the world cry ‘HALT* to war nlans We in South Africa, too, add our voices to the world-wid- de. mand to stop the rearmament o f Germany, to remove the weapon* from th- hands o f former Nasi criminals, and to plan 5-Power talks to bring about a peace pact, and end the terrible threat o f war for all time.

P E A C E October, r 4.

SOUTH AfCICA’INATIONALIST RECORD.

TH E Nationaliata are republican* — or claim to be! They are also opposed to the British Empire and want to

break away from it. . . . ,Republicanism and anti-Empire aentxments were the

reaaoos given by the Nationalists for aupporting Hitler in the last war. Thia U what Dr. Malan waa reported to hare

Tin July, 1941: . t „uWe can assume that if Germany uu/w she wiU

weaken the Empire, and on this point German aspira­tions are in agreement with our efforts.

“Secondly, we can assume that 'Germany will to negotiate in South Africa with a government

sympathetic to her. Only one such Government is pos- sMe, and that is the Herenimde Nasionale Party.Such waa the Nationalist Party policy when Hitler

looked like winning the. war.Today, the Nationalists have placed South African re-

aonrcea and people at the diapoaal of the forcea making for aggreaaive, imperialist war.

"BI-PARTISAN POLICY"Nationalist and United Party are in agreement on this

vital iaaue. They follow what the Americana call a “ bi-parti- aan policy" — a policy agreed to by both parties, however much they may disagree on other grounds.

Since there is a basic agreement, there is little d (*e»- don. Ail Parties in Parliament have next to nothing to say about the vital problem: ia civilization to be destroyed by A-bomba and H-bomba, or is the world to live and progressia peace? .

When the House does debate external affairs, the unanimity of aO sides U impressive—and depressing, be­cause it is a unanimity again* peace.

"A N AGGRESSIVE POLICY”The Prime Minister, when discussing the Deienc* Vote

recently (May 11, 1954), delivered a tirade against that “enemy of South Africa — Pandit Nehru” , promised to rally to the help of Australia againat her Asiatic enemies, claimed that South Africa exercised a controlling influence on the African continent, and promised unequivocal sup­port for the militariaation of the Middle East by the Amrri- can-Britiah bloc.

Mr. Moore, apeaking for the United Party, deacribed the Prime Minister’s statement as “ not only « bold policy,

rCRCIGN PCLICYUNITED pI r TY ROLE

Repreaentirtg fortes of iBritiah imperialism in South Africa, the United Party ha* always tied South Africa to the British war chariot

It ia the proud boast of the United Party that it suc­ceeded in forcing the Nationalist Government to participate actively in the Korea war. Mr, Strauss, speaking in the As­sembly on August 10, 1953, repeated this claim:

uNor do / want again to go over the field of hou the Government had to have pressure to bear on it a few years ago when it took the decision not to participate in the United Nations effort to resist naked aggression which took place in Korea. We live in a word full of danger where the vigilance of the free world will have to be maintained and preparedness for war remains the best assurance for the maintenance of world peace."

Tha combined Nationalist and United Party effort cost South Africa (as at the and of June, 1953) £6 milion, the cost of the 829 man who participated actively in the field, including 20 killed end 16 missifva. The Prim* Minister de scribed this as a "contribution of which we can be justly proud"; ha did not tell the country that the contribution was one it could not afford.

» , • • •

A DANGEROUS PATH

Surely the dangers must be clear to all!The policy of the big powers, particularly of the United

Statea, is moving the world towards war. Our government ia playing directly in to their hands.

It is committing itself to the big powers outside South Africa. According to the Cape Times of July 25th, South Africa’s responsibility for Middle East defence would in­crease with the evacuation of the Sue* Canal Zone by Brit­ain. Our air and ground forcea would be ruahed to the area in the event of any aggression.

Moreover, uranium production if an additional source of danger to South Africa. Thia draw* ua into the front line of any future wars.

The alliance of our Government with the imperialist powers ia ruinous for our country, a* is indicated by the following figures which show the gross disproportion be­tween the indicated expenditures:—

1951-52 ________1953-5 4 1954-5 5

Defencet

16.874.00023.303.00019.991.000

-Native’'Education

I6.424.0008.232.0008.498.000

Housing£

1,138,000795.000815.000

Health£

3,200,0004.425.0004.904.000

Hospitals£

2,811,0003,700,0004,000,000

£Total Budget 152,442,533 224.170.540 226*693.400

Did Mr. Moore or any other member of the House pro- in this behicooe, imperialistic declaration? Regret­

tably, no. What Mr. Moore did, waa to aak for the imple- itation of the policy:

-W ith a forceful aggressive policy such as that outlined by the Prime Minister, it is essential lor us to have a strong defence force — which can implement that policy *

—---J v ------ ---------------- e »

What then, ia the aolution? Our Government ahould throw

ita weight on the aide of thoee countries who want peace

we ahould demand an end to the production of A- and H bomba. It ia our task to rally the people of South Afrkfl

behind thia policy.

World Round-up

M A C I

PEACE NEWS from MANY COUNTRIES# JAPAN. 15,000 people welcomed back Japanese de-

_ iea who had returned from a meeting of ike Bureau of ike World Peace Council at the end of August. A choir of2,000, ballet and other dancing, * i » part of the programme ¥ thia magnificent peace meeting, at which six resolution*

i were unanimously adopted.

In four months, 1,013,472 signatures were collected in die provmce of Hiroshima far the prohibition of atomic and hydrogen bombs. They wars sent to the United Nations

• IN D IA . September wot observed as “ Aurn* Soil dnrity Month, in retponse to a emit by the A ll India Pence C— and in mil province* enthusiastic support wo* given* P*nct rallies, the collection o f signatures fo r a peace ap­peal, m d other aetm+ses.

•AUSTRALIA. A Conference organised by the New Sooth Wales Peace Council in Sydney passed resolutions calling for the replacement of EATO plans and the ANZUS treaty with immediate discussions between the Australian and all Asia* Governments, whatever their political char­acter, to secure regional agreements guaranteeing security and peace to all the countries concerned; and asking for the admiasion of China to the United Nations.

• SPAIN. Despite great d ifficu lt**, the Spanish Peace Movement it exerting an ever-trowing influence on public opinion. In many facto net i* Madrid, Barcelona, Asturias and the Basque country workers have signed resolutions against the military pact between Spain and the United States signed in September 1953, and in favour of peaceful co-existence. The Spanish Peace Committee states that since the signing of the pact, Spain has become a military camp for foreign power, to the impoverishment of Spain. In the streets o f Spanish dues, sticky-backs and slogans appear tel­ling the occupying power to go home.

• CAMEROONS. The development of the struggle for peace in the Cameroon* has resulted in the formation of Qewi P e « * Committees, after the signing of the armistice in Indo-China. The Peace Movement is growing steadily.

® PEACE CRUISE. 566 Swedts, 18 Norwegians, 113 Finns, 79 Danes, 4 representatives of the German Demo­cratic Republic and 4 from Poland participated in the Peace Cruise of the Polish fhip, SS . Batory. The passengers in­cluded scientists, doctors, buyers, journalists, housewives, workers, directors faid work,» managers, men and women of different poh licti and reliMous views, cruising under the

i f * * * *** Fri/’nW iP between the Peoples of the . cruiM wat d9% d to .strengthening peace and

friendship between the coispjries o t the Baltic sea, countries with different social system.

LITTLE GUY WILL COP IT HOT»y NAT 6U M IN S.

Asked if the hydrogen bomb might start a chain of re­actions which would destray the earth. Prof. Urey, Ameri­can aloaaic scientist said: “ Possible, but not probably. But 1 aee a* cause for alarm. After all, the earth is only a tiny planet in a vast universe.” *Only a tiny man yon are in a forest of tiny trees;Or a man on a t.ny mountain top enclosed by tiny sens. And nobody out in the hemisphere, if anyone lives so far, Would turn a hair, or trouble to stare, if your miruature

earth so full of care Turned into a falling star.

Only a tiny man you are; in a tiny city dwell.With millions o j other tiny mem, trapped in a tiny hell. But those who dwell, if dwell they do. in worlds beyond the

sunW ill shed no tear, if a flash and a smear, tell all who watch

in the hemisphere Your tiny race is run.

(M y a liny man you are, and your tiny wife.In your tiny house in a liny town, l.ving your titty fife. And none who tive in the larger lands behind the Milky Way W ill Joel a pang or care a hang, or turn m head at the tiny

ban^That ends your tiny day.

(Published in the Vancouver Sun, reprinted in the Canadian “Peace Review.” )

If vou want to receive this BuRetin regularly and ether material Ittuad by I f a Peace Council, write to the Secretary. Be* 10528, Johannesburg.

W ORLD PACIFIST CON FEREN CE D EC U R ES AGAIN ST A-WEAPONS.

A resolution asking for the absolute prohibition of atomic weapons, the destruction of existing atomic weapons, a permanent ban on The use of nuclear energy for military purposes, the placing of atomic energy resources under international con­trol to make them available for peaceful purposes only, was passed at the World Pacifist Conference which took place in Tokyo, Japan, in April of thia year.

The resolution concludes with these words:• • • that the crime committed by using the atom

bomb shall never be allowed to be repeated, and that as a tok^n of solemn determination, the

Hiroshima shall henceforth be known aa the City of Peace, which shall stand as a monument calling on all men to strive for the abolition of war.”

WORLD COUNCIL MEETS IN NOVEMBERThe World Council Of Ptaee meets in the middle of

next month, with the following points on the agenda:—(1 ) Co-operation of aU the states of Europe in the

organisation of their common security.(2 ) The situation created in different parts of Asia by

foreign intervention and by the system of military blocs and coalitions.

(3 ) The situation created in Latin America by inter­ference in the internal affairs of nations.

(4 ) Preparations of an Assembly of representatives of the forces of peace in all countries during the first half of 1955.

Printed by Prompt Pr.atin* Co. (P ty ) LkL. it Harris Street Westgate, Johannesburg.

D e u r . . . .

T t W & .

D a t u m .......... * 3 * ..............................

X e r w y s in g s J f o » . . . . i - . -1* -

New Series Vol. i. No. 3

AFRICANS FOR

' P > ...£ £ ....‘jp ^ £Z

K Bulletin o f the South A f r i c a P » « C ou n c il DECEMBER, 1954.

- PEACE COMMENT -

STOP THE NAZIS

A T .

RE-ARMINGi the end o f the Second World War, there wm one thing upon which the whole world was agreed — that Germany should be, and remain, completely

disarmed. The reason* for this agreement scarcely need to be restated. Ihev can be summed up in a aentence: German disarmament was ewential to the

survival of the free world.

h was several years before anyone dared to < hallenge this decision, which had been written into the Potsdam Agreement and was universally regarded as irrevocable. Then came the Korean War and the panic which this war en­abled reactionary elements to create in Western Europe. The people of r ranee, Britain and neighbouring countries were told that they wen- nr .immanent danger o f invasion by the Red Army, and that the only force which could possibly stop an invasion was a new West O rm an Armv. The matter wea urgent, cried the warmongers There must be a German Army by the end of 1950, or

Western Europe was doomed.

THE PEOPLE STAND FIRM

This propaganda had its effect, but it failed to stampede the majority of the peoples who bad experienced the scourge o f Nazism. The threat to West­ern Europe remained “ imminent” for four years, and the urgency o f German rearmament was never more hysterically proclaimed, hut the mass o f the people

stood firm.AFTER E.D.C.

The struggle which ha.- been waged on this question ever since has passed through numerous pha*-s In 19S2, tj.e European Defence Community Treaty was signed and the victory of the war camp seemed assured. Ratification ol the treaty by the end o f 1952 was first confidently predicted, then hysterically demanded, but it did not come to pass. A* 1953 went by, it became clear that the French and Italian Government* were afraid to press the is»ue m their parlia­ments Popular opposition grew even stronger, and eventually the people of Western Europe killed E.D.C.

Unfortunately this victory has not ended the struggle. The replv of the war camp has been swift and terrible. N o sooner was -E.D.C. buried man the London Agreement replaced k. calling for a German army with still fewer checks on it than E.D.C. had provided. By way o f “ safeguard , Rritain has undertaken obligations which mean, in effect, that she can never disarm or reduce the war burden on her people. = MSS:'

THE LAST ROUND

The London Agreement must not be carried out! The Nazi armies must not march agtin ! f l t fH a ’ t round in this four-year struggle is now beginning, and it is a round which the peace forces cannot afford to lose. There is no lumr t> the support which can he mobilised on this wane. It must be mobilised NOW .

* i

rl t 'c- ’ -, •• ^ r - - - •

'x CJL

START CAMPAIGING NOW!

T H E Peace Council printed 10,000 copie* o f it* pamphlet on German

Re-armament. This pamphlet is now sold out. A second edition is being brought out. and this warning o f how, by re-

* arming the Nazis, the warmonger* are trying to plunge the world into war, is being brought up to date. The Coun­cil appeals urgently fo r donations to co iv r the cost.o f the reprint.

Now i» the time for the Peace Council in every province to campaign unceas­ingly lo show South Africans the dan ger o f re-arming the Nazis. Sellin-: the pamphlet is an opportunity for imlimit ed activity on this issue by pe»ce ®up* porter*. Knock at every door, use every meeting, write to the pre^s, pass ressolu tions in your trade union or other or­ganisation — get people to realise what is happening, and to pretea,

Capetown ProtestA Cape Town pubic’ meeting prote-t

ing against Cermarv re-armament passed the following resolution:

“ We regard the 9 Power Londo© Agreement lo re-arm Germany r»s a grave threat to peace since it would put uncontrolled power in the hand* of the German militarist- among whom are prominent ex-Nazi1* and many rei.enth released war criminals.

“ We <all for the opening of peace­ful negotiation with tne Soviet Union, aimed at reunifying Germany *s ‘ de­mocratic, peaceful and free country."

MORE BANS AND A BLOW TO PEACE.

The banning of Ruth Fit<t. a member o f the executive of the South African Peace Council, and Dr. H. J. Simons, Chairman ol the Cape Town Peace Council shows tlie Government's fear of pcaee, say* a protest statement L*-

u*ued by the Council. It i* one tnore proof o f the alignment of the Nationalist Government with tfc<»sc forces trying to provoke a third world war. j

- f

Decembar, 1964.

. I T O U f f »EATHQ U R 1N C September two tragic deaths occurred in Japan.

Aikichi Kuboyana, one of the twenty three fishermen injured on thr open sea by the radioactive a.h Ijom thc explosion of an American H Bomb, died in a Tokyo bos pital after six months o f agony.-

A few days later Ideo Yoshimuto, a hotel keeper, died in hospital- He had been injured by radio activity nine year- before, during thr atomic bombing o f Hiroshima.

□ □ □New-born children are also victim* of the atom bomb.

Since the day * August 1945 when the atom bomb wa, dropped on Nagasaki, every seventh child bom in the , y h is K en abnormal, according to statist,« JuM p o t* * * * -

Since 19-15. 30,150 babies have been born in this eiiv of whom 4 282 are abnormal. 471 were still-born and there w e r e 1 8 1 miscarriages. In addition 1,016 were bom

with deficient bone-structure or nervous system, 429 with deformed organs o f smell and hearing; 254 with deformed lip* or tongue; 59 with cleft palates; 243 with deformed internal organa; 47 with undeveloped brains; 25 without brains and 8without eyes or eyr sockets.

□ □ □

* A Japanese periodical has printed a letter from the wife of one o f Japanese fishermen who was burned by theH. Bomb exploaion at Bikini. ,

M| hardly recognised him on his return, nis nair fallen out and looking, 50 years old . . . he became so lonely. I am afraid he may lose his mind . I know he is crying loudly in his heart ‘ I want to live'. I turn m y eves away '. . It is too horrible to watch. All the H Bomb patients want to live . . What arc you going to do about them? What can we do? Don’ t just use them for guinea piga! 1 heard that the United States plans more H-Bomb t r t s A i that a chill ran over me. I want the U.S. to stop all the tests Why can’t you stop mak ing this thing that will destroy not only human beings but «J1 living things.'1

PEACE NOTES FROM THE PROVINCES

The Cape

THE CAPE

Town Council has been campaigning on the issue of German Re-armament The pamphlet was sold from tables set up in the centre of the city.

A resolution arainst German re-arma- roent passed at a public meeting was printed in the correspondence columns o f one of Cape Town ’* dailies. It pro­voked a debate in the press on the question of re-armament and atrocities Replying to one correspon­dent who said that the Na*i crime*, wen* just propaganda, the l.ape Town Coun­cil wrote a drtailed reply on the a l r o c ties committed, pointing out that arm- are once again to be placed in the hands of men who were found guilty of fear­ful atrocities.

FUND-RAISING A Cape Town social in the form of a

Chinese evening raised funds for the

Council.DURBAN

The Durban Peace Council has dis­tributed th* pamjihlet on German Re­armament and the leaflet “ What Money Can Do” , which emphasises the disas­trous waste of war and the urgent need to preserve peace.

TR AN SV AAL

During October and November the Transvaal Peace Council responded -harplv to* the directive of the South African Peace Council to campaign on the issue of German Re armament. The Transvaal distributed 6.000 copies of thr pamphlet “ A G A IN ” , which # * * * the facts of the emergence of the w eh r ■ macht. The pamphlets went into the suburbs and townships of Johannes­burg, the Reef, Ermelo. and other cen­tres Trade unions, churches, and Con­gress branches took the pamphlets. House meetings and discussions on

RUTH FIRST REPORTS BACK.

At two meeting? in one night al O f- Undo White City and Phomolong. and at another meeting at Dube, peace sup­porters heard Ruth First re p o rt back on the Berlin meeting of the w orlo Peace Council, on thr work and strength of the peace movement in China and other countries she visjted during her overaeas tour. The question* flew thick and fast at these meeting* and those present showed intense in­terest The ban on Ruth First ihre. weeks after her return forced the can cellatioR of meeting* organised in Kru-

gersdorp. Soph La tow it. Newciare, ^eo- v jlit- and Fordsburg, as well as I re­turn visit to Orlando.

A JUMBLE SALE A N D A PAINTING

The Yeovilie Peacr Committee whose members arc veteran jumble sellers scored another virtoty in October by raising £15 in just over a half an hour. This committee is now conducting a

.competition for an original oil painting by a well known artist who is a mem­ber o f the committee. The results of the competition will be announced shortly.

FILMS IN FORDSBURG

Two Film evening* were held in Fordsburg on Saturday. November 13th and 14th. They were most successful and further shows are being planned.

W H O W A N TS A RIDE?

A prominent member of the Trans­vaal Executive, has donated a brand new Philips Bicycle to the Council. This will be auctioned early in Deceml>er and it is hoj*-d that a considerable sum of money will be raised.

M ONEY FOR JAM .

A take sale, in the centre of the city was held during November.

Collection Number: AD1812

RECORDS RELATING TO THE 'TREASON TRIAL' (REGINA vs F. ADAMS AND OTHERS ON CHARGE OF HIGH TREASON, ETC.), 1956 1961 TREASON TRIAL, 1956 1961

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