"I walk on untrodden ground. There is scarcely any part of my conduct which may not hereafter

be drawn into precedent." - George Washington

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Launching a New Nation

Washington's Presidency

Elected unanimously in 1789Congress creates Cabinet PositionsAlexander Hamilton - Sec of TreasuryThomas Jefferson - Sec of StateHenry Knox - Sec of War

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vy7FJJ_ud84

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A38mW2Il48k

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2YHl_0P2EJ4

Washington's Early Precedents

Organize the Judicial BranchJudiciary Act of 1789Creates 3 levels of federal courts, defines duties and relationship to existing state courtsPick 1st SC justicesJohn Jay - 1st Chief Justice

Alexander Hamilton and his 3 Step Plan

Revolutionary War veteran and trusted friend of GWExpert in banking and big governmentNamed Sec of TreasuryProblem: No national economy, no currency and Rev. war debts40 mil to citizens, States owe 25 mil and 12 mil to foreign countries

Step 1

Quickly pay off other countries Assume most of states debt - Let them use $$ to build upSouthern states disagreeCompromises by moving capitol to South (DC)

Take care of National Debt

Step 2

Gain Revenue (Make Money)

Pass tariffs (tax of foreign goods)Make foreign goods very expensiveGet Americans to buy American products

Step 3

Create a National Bank

Create mint and US currencyCreate state banks to force competition

Challenges Facing the New Nation

French RevolutionFrench fight their own revolution - should we help?Enter war with EnglandWho should we help?Federalists - Pro EnglandD-R - Pro FranceNeutrality Proclamation - US will not take sides with ANY European nations at war

British Attacking US ShipsUS has small navy and being attacked in West Indies (Caribbean)Chief Justice John Jay sent to EnglandJays TreatyBritish pay back damagesLeave forts on frontierUS pay back debtsVery unpopular - seen as weak

Spanish Border Issues

No clear border between US and Spanish FloridaSpain closes port of New Orleans to USPinckney's Treaty - Settles border and trade disputes with SpainUS southern border is 31* N latitude and trade is reopened

Domestic Issues

Northwest TerritoryAmericans settling in the popular NA areaMiami chief Little Turtle defeats US in early battlesGeneral Anthony Wayne takes control and quickly turns tideBattle of Fallen TimbersNA are defeatedTreaty of Greenville - Control of NA lands to America

Whiskey Rebellion

Hamilton passes tax on whiskey to try to increase revenueHurts small farmersRevolt against tax collectors - Tar and featheringSpreads to other statesWashington leads army into Western PARebels flee

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zm5uPqucnHk

John Adams Presidency

Election of 1796First with Political Parties - Groups to get people elected and set public policy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqAt8A0W204

Federalist Party

John Adams, Alexander HamiltonStrong federal governmentLocated -North and East CoastCities

Democratic Republicans

Thomas JeffersonLimit power of central governmentStrong state governmentsSouth/countryside

XYZ Affair

Adams wants to reconnect with FranceFrench refuse to see them3 secret agents ask for 250k and 12 mil loanAdams refuses and reports back to Congress calling agents XYZWhat will US think of France?Results:Quasi-War - Undeclared Naval WarAnd................................

Alien and Sedition Acts

Federalists want war with FranceD-R want peaceD-R attack Adams and Feds in newspapersA and S Acts make it a crime to criticize the Federal governmentWhat is this a direct contradiction of?

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Declare Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional in their stateReference the 1st AmendmentCan states declare federal law unconstitutional?Expires last day of his Presidency