IA-Electricity 7&8 LM

8/20/2019 IA-Electricity 7&8 LM

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LEARNING MATERIALS

ELECTRICITY


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IA – Electrical Installation and Maintenance … Castillo, Joel G….FFHNAS Page 2

Table of Contents

I. Introduction….………………………………………………………………………… 3

II. Objectives ……………………..……………………………………………………. 3

III. Learning Goals and Targets……………………………………………….……... 8

IV. Common Competencies….………………………………………….……………. A. Know………………………………………………………………………… 9B. Process………………………………………………………………… 18 & 73C. Understand………...………………………………………………... 19 & 77D. Transfer.…………………………...…………………………………….... 79

V. Summary…………………………………………………………...……………... 87

VI. Glossary……………………………………..……………………...……………… 11

VII. References…………………………………………………………...……………... 11


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I. INTRODUCTION

Welcome to the world of Electrical Installation and Maintenance! This Moduleis an exploratory course which leads you to Electrical Installation and MaintenanceNational Certificate Level II (NC II). It covers 5 common competencies that a Grade

8 Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) student like you should possess,namely: 1) Prepare electrical supplies, materials, and tools; 2) Perform mensurationand calculations; 3) Interpret technical drawings and plans; 4) Maintain tools andequipment; and 5) Practice occupational health and safety.

Imagine yourself living without electricity. Think of the things you won’t beable to do without it. What are the things that will not be useful without electricity?Without electricity, you won’t be able to watch TV, use a computer, communicateusing a telephone, listen to the radio or have bright lights in dark places. Youwouldn’t be able to do so many things you want to do. Electricity has been so usefuland important to us, however, it is dangerous when not handled properly.

Changing busted fuses, replacing incandescent lamps, and installing buzzersand other alarm devices are simple tasks. Yet, there were times when you wanted todo these electrical repairs you felt that you lacked the skills needed for the job. If youhave the talent in performing electrical repairs and servicing, you can transform thattalent into a competency or skill even without formal training, simply by taking thiscourse.

Your success in this exploratory course on Electrical Installation andMaintenance is shown in your ability to perform the required activities in this module.

II. OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you, as learner, are expected to gain thefollowing competencies:

1. exhibit working knowledge of the fundamental principles and theories ofelectricity;

2. develop skills in the use of various electrical measuring instruments, tools,materials and equipment;

3. apply knowledge in repairing and troubleshooting wiring connections, fixtures

and other current – consuming devices;4. enhance awareness and observe safety precautions in the use of instruments

and in performing wiring procedures and practices.


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1. Do you know me?

Directions: Read the statement carefully and identify what is being described or defined.Choose your answer from the words inside the box.

Long Nose Pliers Circuit Breaker HammerElectrician’s Knife Utility box Portable Electric Drill FusePhilips Screw Driver Junction Box Wire Stripper ConnectorsMale Plug Stubby Screw Driver Combination Pliers Conduits

______________1. It is used for gripping, holding, cutting electrical wires and cables and

even small nails. Usually used by linemen in doing heavy tasks.

______________2. It is used for cutting and holding fine wires. This can reach tight space

or small opening where other pliers cannot reach and also used in

making terminal loops of copper wires.

______________3. It has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign. It is used to drive

screws with cross slot heads. ______________4. It is a tool used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails.

______________5. A tool used for removing insulation of medium sized wires ranging from

gauge #10 to gauge #16.

______________6. It is a small drilling machine with a chuck capacity of ¼ inches to 3/8

inches. It is used in making holes on metal sheets and concrete walls.

______________7. It comes in either Standard or Philips screw driver with short shank or

blade and short handle used to turn screws in tight space where

standard screw driver cannot be used.

______________8. It is used by linemen to remove insulation of wire and cables in low and

high voltage transmission lines.

______________9. It Is a device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric

current. A flat cord is attached to it on one end and the other end is

to a current consuming instrument or appliance.

______________10. It is a circuit protective device that automatically blows and cut the

current when an over load or short circuit happens.

______________11. It is a rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material in which

flush type convenience outlet and switch are attached.

______________12. These are electrical materials used as the passage of wires for

protection and insulation.

______________13. These are used to attach metallic or non-metallic conduit to the

junction or utility boxes. ______________14. It is a protective device used to automatically cut off the current

when trouble in the circuit such as short circuit or over load occurs.

______________15. It is an octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or

joints of wires are being done. It is also where the flush type lamp

holder is attached.


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2. Find Me to your Home

Directions: The pictures below are common electrical gadgets. Select the

gadgets that are currently used in your own house. Write your answers on

your notebook.

Continuity Tester Lamp Shade

Extension Cord Rechargeable Lamp

Water Heater Cellular Phone Charger


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3. Do you have this?

Directions: The following items listed below are basic knowledge and skills

needed in the production of basic electrical gadgets. Use the format

below. Write the answers in your note book.

assembling extension cord, lamp shade, water heater and continuity tester &test light

electrical safety measures

project plansimple circuit assembly

soldering techniques

tools, materials and equipment used in electrical workstying underwriter’s knot

4. Multiple Choices

Directions: Each item consists of four choices, choose the appropriate answer andwrite the letter of your answer on your notebook.

1. Which of the following element of electric circuit serves as current consumingdevice?

a) Control (switch) c) Path (wire conductor)b) Source (battery) d) Load (lamp)

2. There are four possible conditions in electric circuit, which is considered themost dangerous because it might cause fire?

a) Short Circuit c) Grounded Circuitb) Closed Circuit d) Open Circuit

3. Suppose you want to check the continuity of the flat cord, what particular partof test light and continuity tester indicates the condition of the cord?

a) Neon Lamp c) LED’Sb) Toggle Switch d) Battery

4. A Water heater is one of the basic electric gadgets in this module, which is

not an application of this gadget?a) Cooling c) Cookingb) Heating d) Sterilizing

5. You encountered difficulties in driving screws in tight location which is theappropriate driving tools for the job?

a) Standard/ Flat Screw Driver c) Allen Wrenchb) Stubby Screw Driver d) Philip Screw Driver


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6. What part of the project plan includes selling cost of the project?a) Purpose c) Materials Neededb) Sketch/Drawing d) Procedures

7. An electrical material used to turn ON or turn OFF the circuit conveniently.

a) Switch c) Convenience Outletb) Lamp Holder d) Male plug

8. One of the steps in extension cord assembly is tying process of wireconductor, what is the appropriate knot or tie?

a) Lock Knot c) Western Union Long Tieb) Underwriter’s Knot d) Western Union Short Tie

9. What is the appropriate size of flat cord if the total power rating of theappliances to be connected to extension cord is 1,600 watts?

a) # 12 c) # 16

b) # 14 d) # 18

10. An electrical tool used for removing wire insulator from gauge #10 to gauge#16.

a) Long Nose Pliers c) Combination Pliersb) Wire Stripper d) Knife

11. Which of the following items is not the function of a lampshade?a. Direct or focus the light in desired directionb. Cover the lamp hardware for better appearancec. Cover the surface of the entire room

d. Reduce the glare of the light source

12. An electrical tool used to drive screws with hexagonal slot head.a) Allen Wrench c) Long Nose Pliersb) Philip Screw Driver d) Side Cutting pliers

13. A type of electrical circuit used in Christmas light.a) Series Circuit c) Complex Circuitb) Parallel Circuit d) Simple Circuit

14. Which of the electrical appliances has the highest power rating?

a) Radio c) Electric Fanb) Television d) Flat Iron

15. It is an alloy or mixture of tin and lead used for soldering electrical joints.a) Sponge c) Soldering Ironb) Soldering Lead d) Nipple


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III. LEARNING GOALS AND TARGETS:

Now that you have an idea of the coverage of this module, set your learning goal interms of what you want to attain at the end of your lessons in Electrical Installation

and Maintenance. Next, specify this in terms of the following:

Goal: ____________________________________________

Targets: a. What I want to know: _________________________b. What I want to be able to do: ___________________c. What I want to understand: _____________________d. What I want to produce or understand: _____________

start writing your own learning goals/targets on your notebook based on the stated

objectives.


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IV. Common Competencies

A. KNOW

1. Assembly of Extension Cord

Electrical gadgets are products of modern technology to make our livesbetter. The number of electrical gadgets available at home and offices may exceedthe existing convenience outlet installed in every room. The best remedy to addressthe insufficiency of available outlet is to use an extension cord especially if theelectrical gadgets need to operate at the same time.

Extension cords come in several varieties to suit the needs of the user.One of the most important considerations is the power handling capacity to make itsafe and functional. Some of the available extension cords in the market do not havethe Product Standard (PS) or Import Commodity Clearance (ICC) markings. Theyare sub-standard; this may cause over loading and in worst case, may result in fire.PS or ICC marks are markings approved by the Department of Trade and Industry(DTI) for quality products. PS marks are for locally made products while ICC marksare for imported products. So, to be safe make sure you buy the extension cordswith PS or ICC marks.

To be practical, every household should have at least two or more

extension cords at home. The prices of the quality extension cords available in the

market are quite high, production of quality assembled extension cord will be a good

business opportunity for you. Quality assembled extension cord will be possible

even with the beginner, provided proper specifications of materials are strictly

followed.

Sample pictures of extension cord that you can produce

Picture A Picture B Picture C


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An extension cord is a span of flexible electrical power cable with a plug onone end and multiple sockets on the other end. The size of the cord depends uponthe specifications of the load or electrical gadgets to be used. The thicker the cordused, the higher the power capacity. Heavy duty extension cords are well insulatedand fitted to outdoor use. It can withstand the heat of sunlight and also safe to use in

damp places.

An extensio n reel is an extension lead that rolls up, usually into the socket

end. These are the extension cords available in the market.


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2. Electrical Tools and Materials used in Assembling Basic ElectricalGadgets

Electrical tasks can be accomplished systematically to save time, effort andresources. Most of the work cannot be done using our bare hands. To do the task,

electrical tools are needed as aids in performing the task. This lesson will tackle thefunction/use of each tool and material used in assembling basic electrical gadgets.

The following electr ical too ls are needed in the assembly of basic electricalgadgets. They are classified according their uses and functions:

Screw Drivers- These are made of tool steel hardened and tempered at the tip.They are used to loosen or tighten screws with slotted heads and come invarious sizes and shapes.

Pictures of the types of screw drivers and sample screws with

different slots of the heads

Standard/Flat Screw Driver - The blade tip is wedge shaped and resemblesa negative (-) sign. This is used to drive screws with a single slot head.

Standard screw driver and proper usage


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Philips Screw Driver- This has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign.This is used to drive screws with cross slot heads.

Stubby screw driver and proper handling

Allen Screw Driver/Wrench- This could be in the shape of screw driver or awrench, its function is to drive a screw with hexagonal slot head.

Allen screw driver and wrench

Pliers are made out of metal with insulators in the handle. Used for cutting, twisting,bending, holding and gripping wires and cables.

Pictures of the set of pliers used in basic electrical gadgets Assembly


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Combination Pliers (Lineman’s Pliers)- This is used to grip, hold, cutelectrical wires and cables and even small nails. Usually used by linemen indoing heavy tasks.

Combination pliers and blowup view

Side Cutting Pliers- This type of pliers is used for cutting fine, medium andbig wires and cables.

Side cutting pliers and proper use

Long Nose Pliers- Used for cutting and holding fine wires. This can reachtight spaces or small openings where other pliers cannot reach and also usedin making terminal loops of copper wires.


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Long nose pliers, used in making loops and inserting loops to the screw

Wire Stripper is a tool used for removing insulation of medium sized wires rangingfrom gauge #10 to gauge #16.

Wire stripper and proper use

The following are electrical devices and materials used in the assembly ofbasic electrical gadgets such as extension cord, lamp shade, etc. These aredeveloped and constructed for a special purpose such as to:

Control the flow of current in an electrical circuit Carry electrical current from the source to the load or current

consuming apparatus Hold and secure wires to its fixtures inside and outside houses

and buildings Protect the houses, buildings, appliances and instruments from

any destruction and damage.

These devices and materials are intended just to carry, hold, secure and

protect but not to utilize electric current. The following are the most commonly used

electrical devices and materials:


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Convenience Outlet- is a device that acts as a convenient source of electricalenergy for current consuming appliances. It is where the male plug of anappliance is inserted and usually fastened on the wall or connected in anextension cord. It maybe single, duplex, triplex or multiplex and could besurface type or flush type.

Sample pictures of duplex, triplex and quadruplex convenience outlets

Male Plug- is a device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric current. Aflat cord is attached to it on one end and the other end is connected to acurrent consuming instrument or appliance.

Lamp Holder is a device that holds and protects the lamp and is also called as“Lamp Socket/Receptacle”. These come in many designs and sizes. Theyare classified as flush, hanging (weather proof/chain) and surface types.

Surface type Weather proof type


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Switch- is a device that connects and disconnects the flow of electric current in acircuit. There are many shapes, designs and types and are classified ashanging, flush and surface types.

Junction Box is an octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or

joints of wire are being done. It is also where the flush type lamp holder isattached. This could be made of metal or plastic (PVC) Polyvinylchlor ide.

PVC Junction Box Metal Junction Box

• Utility Box is a rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material where flushtype convenience outlets and switches are attached.


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Flat Cord- Is a duplex stranded wire used for temporary wiring installation andcommonly used in extension cord assembly. It comes in a role of 150 metersand with sizes of gauge # 18 and gauge # 16 awg (American wire gauge).

Electrical Wire/Conductor- This electrical material could be:

a. Stranded wire is made of multiple strands joined together to makea single wire.

b. Solid wire is made of a single strand of copper or aluminum wire. Theseare used in wiring installation inside and outside the buildings.


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B. PROCESS:

Activity 1

Based on the sample pictures of extension cords, can you cite thedifferences and similarities between the extension cords that can be produced by

you from the sample extension cord available in the market? Use the table as your

reference. Write your answer on your notebook.

Extension Cord that you

can produce

Extension Cord

Available in the Market

Differences Similarities Differences

Directions for proper use of Extension Cord

• Completely extend the cord before using.

• Insert fully the plug to the convenience outlet.

• Use within the electrical rating mark on the extension cord set.• Do not plug more than the total of 1,250 watts for #18 flat cord and 1,625

watts for #16 flat cords.

• Cover unused outlets.

• Never place extension cord under the rugs.

• Do not use damaged extension cords. Inspect periodically.

• Unplug when not in use.

• Unplug by holding and pulling the male plug not the wire.

• Keep away from children.

• Do not store in wet or damp place.

• Use indoors only.

Reminder

Please make it a habit to always check the watts marked on the appliance found inthe instructions manual or on the package. Add the watts for each of the plug-in


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appliance or load to determine the total watts being used for a particular extensioncord.

C. UNDERSTAND

Activity 1

Using an actual extension cord, demonstrate the proper way of using it. Thedemonstration should be done in front of the teacher.

SAMPLE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF

APPLIANCE POWER CONSUMPTION TABLE

NAME OF APPLIANCES

Suggested Activity 2:

Based on the graph, determine the name of appliance with the lowest power

consumption and the appliance with the highest power consumption. Specify thepower rating; write the answer on your notebook.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________


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Based on the sample power consumption table, list down some possiblecombinations of appliances that can be plug-in to a #18 flat cord.

________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________ ___

You are now familiar with the different extension cords; commercial and

assembled together with the application and limitation of it. Prior to actual assembly we

need to know the electrical tools and materials. Let us move on to be acquainted with

them.


Directions: Given are the set of activities and the corresponding picture. Perform themusing the appropriate tools and materials. Your performance will be graded using thefollowing criteria:

• Accuracy

• Workmanship

• Proper handling of tools

• Speed


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Activity Images of the Activity

1. Tighten and loosen screws of

different head slots using different

types of screw drivers.

2. Cut different sizes of wires using

side cutting and long nose pliers.

3. Practice removing insulators using

side cutting and long nose pliers.

4. Use a wire stripper to remove wire

insulators of different sizes of wires

(solid/stranded).


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5. Using long nose pliers practice

making terminal loops.

6. Practice inserting the loop to the

screw and tighten it to the convenience

outlet.

Reminders

• Never tease your classmates while working.

• Use the right tools for a specific task.

• Do not use tools with a broken insulator in the handle to avoid accidents.

• Work with your heart and always focus on your work.

• Always think that you’re working with a live wire.


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Directions: Answer the following questions.• How do you find the activities?

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________.

• What particular activity did you enjoy the most? Why?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________.

• Which activity do you find difficult? Why? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________.

• What activity can you now confidently do? Why?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________.

Tools and materials are needed in actual assembly of extension cord. To makethe assembly successful, you need to learn and follow the standard requirements.

Another thing to be considered to produce quality and marketable extension cord is to

use underwriter’s knot which is the next topic.


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3. Tying the underwriter’s Knot

Underwriter’s knot is one of the skills needed in the assembly of an

extension cord and lamp shade. It is neither a joint nor a splice but a KNOT that is made

in extension cords and lamp cords. Its purpose is to relieve the strain on small wires of

the cord and binding screws of convenience outlets, bulb sockets and male plugs.

For you to make a quality and safe output you have to strictly follow the

given procedure in making an underwriter’s knot. The process is detailed and visualized

below:

Picture of underwriter’s knot 25


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Procedures in Tying the Underwriter’s Knot:

Split the end of the flat cordabout 8 centimeters long thenbend the left strand of the cordand place it at the back of themain cord following the arrowas shown in figure 1.

Insert the right strand cord inside theloop made by left strand cord followingthe arrow as shown in figure 4.

Bend the right strand of the cord andplace it at the back of the left strandfollowing the arrow as shown in figure 2.

Pull both strands of the flat cord totighten the knot as shown in the picturebelow.

Pull the right strand of cord and place itover the main cord following the arrowas shown in figure 3.


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Pictures below show some uses of Underwriter’s Knot.


Directions: Perform the tying of underwriter’s knot using the materials and tools givenbelow and following the procedure. Your performance will be rated based on thefollowing criteria:

• Accuracy

• Correct usage of tools

• Safety work habits

• Speed

Materials:• ½ meter Flat cord gauge # 18

• 1 pc. Hanging lamp holder or surface type convenience outlet

• 1 pc. Male plug


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Tools:

• Side cutting pliers

• Ruler

• Wire stripper/electrician’s knife

Procedures:

• Insert one end of the flat cord to the plug.

• Perform the tying of underwriter’s knot following the procedure.

• Insert the other end of the flat cord to the hanging lamp holder then perform the sameprocedure.

• If you’re using a surface type convenience outlet apply the same procedure in tying anunderwriter’s knot and then remove the cover of the convenience outlet and insert theflat cord. Make sure it is anchored against the cover.

Now you’re thru with the underwriter’s knot features, advantages and application.

To make the project work as expected it should be done with a plan. Proceed to the

next lesson which is preparing a project plan.

4. Preparing a Project Plan

You might be wondering why there are several projects which are notcompleted. Well, there are several reasons why this happens. It might be out of budgetconstraints or perhaps the project was not properly planned.

A plan is essential before undertaking any project because it serves asyour guide in accomplishing an activity. It will give you an idea on what is to be done,how much to spend and what procedures to undertake. A well prepared project plansaves time and cost of materials. Below is a sample project plan of an extension cord.This format can also be used in preparing a plan for other projects in the future.


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Sample Project Plan

Name of Student:____________________________ Year & Section:______________

Date Started: _______________

Date Finished: ______________I - Name of Project: Extension Cord Assembly

II- Purpose:

• to acquire knowledge and develop skills on how to assemble an extension cord,• assemble a quality and marketable extension cord,• observe safety measures while doing the project.

III- Sketch/Drawing:

IV- Materials Needed:


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Sample Pictures of Materials needed

V- Tools and Equipment Needed:

-testerVI- Procedure in assembling an extension cord:

1. Prepare the plan.2. Gather all necessary materials, tools and equipment needed.3. Insert cord into the male plug, split the cord wires about 8 centimetres long.

4. Remove insulation of both wires 1 centimeter long with a pocket knife as ifsharpening a pencil. Be careful not to cut any strand.5. Scrape bare wire with the back of the knife until shiny. Twist the wire stands.6. Tie the underwriter’s knot.7. Make a loop on terminal wires and connect the wires to the screw of the male

plug. The loop should go with the thread clockwise direction.8. Split the cord wires at the other end about 4 centimetres long, then follow

procedure no. 4.


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9. Connect the wires to the connectors.10. Open the convenience outlet then remove the screw.11. Insert the wire connectors to the screws, tighten it and return the cover.12. Check the continuity and test the extension cord.

VII- Criteria for Assessment:

Criteria 5 Points 3 Points 1 Point

Functionality Extension

cord

was100%

functional.

Extension

cord was

functional but

intermittent.

Extension

cord was not

functional.

Quality Terminal

wires were

properly

twisted and

secured.

Output is

presentable.

Terminal

wires were

not properly

twisted and

secured.

Output is not

presentable.

Terminal

wires were

loose, output

is not

presentable.

Method Followed the

given step

from start to

finish. Using

appropriate

tools for each

task.

Followed the

given step.

Noted once

incorrect

usage of

tools.

Followed the

given step.

Noted more

once

incorrect

usage of

tools.

Safety No injury

happened

while doing

task.

Noticed one

incidence of

injury while

doing the

task.

Noticed

more than

one

incidence of

injury.

TimeManagement

Finished thegiven task

within 20

minutes.

Finished thegiven task

within 21-30

minutes.

Unable tofinish the

given task.


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VIII- Remarks: ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________


Directions: In your own opinion, is a project plan important in assuring quality,

profitability and marketability of extension cord? Why?

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________


Directions: Prepare a project plan for a quality and marketable extension cord. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

Always bear in mind the importance of a well-prepared project plan. Did you

perform well in lesson 1? Well, you will find more enjoyment in lesson 2 because of the

attractive features of lamp shade.


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5. Assembly of Lamp Shade

There are times when fixed lightings within a room particularly if the light sourceis visible can contribute to make our eyes tired. This can trigger headaches and may

affect our concentration. One solution is to use a lamp shade to diffuse the glare orstrong intensity of the light source. It can also improve the appearance of the room. Ithas three major functions namely:

• It softens the light from a light bulb or other light source and reduces the glare.

• It covers the lamp hardware for better appearance.

• It serves to focus or direct the light from a lamp in a desired direction.

There are different types of lampshades as to its function and mounting such as:

wall, floor, hanging, and table top lampshade. The most common type of lampshade is

the table top. It is usually made of a wire frame covered with fabric, sea shell, plastic orpaper. The shape may be cylindrical, conical or square.

How to measure the shade

• Make a pattern using cartolina or Manila paper.

• Put a mark for the specific desired measurement.


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• With the use of compass make a half circle following the marking of the exactmeasurements. (2 ¼” and 6”)

• Cut the pattern. Take note of the allowance for over lapping.

• Then fold the pattern in a cylindrical form.

Suggested materials needed for the assembly of lamp shade:

1 pc Incandescent Bulb/ Compact Fluorescent lamp (CFL) 5-10 watts1 pc Bulb Socket1 pc Single Pole Switch1 pc PVC pipe or other pipes (1 foot long and ½ diameter)


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1 pc Male Plug2 meters Flat Cord #18awg1 pc Lamp Shade Base out of recycled materials (plastic container, bottle, flower base,etc.)1 pc Shade (out of any available materials in the community such as: fabric, sea shell,

abaca fiber, plastic or paper ) Any decorating material such as: pebbles, beads, sequence, etc…

Procedures for the assembly of lamp shade:

• Secure all the materials needed.

• Prepare the tools and instruments needed.

• Analyze the wiring diagram.

• Mount the bulb socket at one end of the pipe.

• Insert the flat cord along the pipe and connect it to the bulb socket.(do theunderwriter’s knot)

• Bore appropriate hole for the base of the lamp shade.

• Insert the other end of the wire to the hole.

• Install the switch somewhere in the middle of the flat cord.

• Install the male plug at the end of the wire. (don’t forget do the underwriter’s knot)


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• Position the pipe at the center of the base.

• Place the pebbles inside the container so that the pipe can stand alone

• Make the frame or skeleton of the lamp shade using the wire considering the

dimensions of the shade.

• Put decorating materials like beads, sequence, glitters and other materialsavailable to enhance the physical appearance.

• Insert the shade at the frame after connecting the lamp to the socket.

• Apply voltage to the lamp shade and observe performance.

• Troubleshoot the circuit if necessary.

Reminder

It's very important to choose the right size of lampshade. Light bulbs emit a lot of

heat. A paper or fabric lampshade that is too close to the light bulb can become a fire

hazard. Likewise, cylindrical lampshades should always have enough clearance and

venting to allow heat to escape. Never cover the top of a lampshade with a scarf or

other fabric, as this can cause a fire.


Directions: Discuss the three major functions of the lampshades. ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


Directions: Among the different types of lampshades what do you think is the most

practical and convenient to use? Why? ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


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6. Common Electrical Symbols

Electr ical Symbo ls are small drawings or icons, used to signify various electricaldevices in a diagram or plan of an electrical circuit. Electrical devices, materials and

even instruments can be represented by means of standard electrical symbols. Analysisand interpretation of electrical diagrams will not be possible if you are not familiar withthese symbols. These symbols are very useful in electrical circuit assembly, installation,trouble shooting and servicing.

The following are common electrical symbols used in a wiring plan and diagram.


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Why is it important to study the common electrical symbols?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


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Draw and label the electrical symbols that you know.

Symbol Description Symbol Description


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7. Electrical Circuit

An electrical circuit is simply a continuous path for current to flow. A simpleelectric circuit consists of four important elements the source, path, load and control.

► Source (power supply) – the force or energy to provide electric current alongthe circuit. This can be classified as:

AC Voltage source - comes from AC generator and Power Company thecurrent is bidirectionalDC Voltage source – comes from dry cell, wet cell, battery and DC powersupply the current is unidirectional

► Paths or lines – source are the conducting path where the current flows► Load (Current Consuming device)- it could be a bulb or any electrical appliance.► Control (switch) – this is used to turn ON or turn OFF electrical circuit

conveniently.

An electrical circuit can be presented in two different ways one is through apictor ial diagram and the other is through a schematic d iagram .

A Pictorial Diagram is a sketch of electrical circuit that shows the external

appearance of each component. It is much like a photograph of the circuit and uses

simple images of parts.


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A Schematic Diagram is a sketch showing the components of the circuit using

standard electrical symbols. It shows the actual number of components, how the wiring

is routed but not the actual location.

Types of Circuit

Simple Circuit-is a wiring circuit which has a single load, switch and a sourcethat could be either direct current or alternating current. This is the circuit used inlampshade assembly.


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Series Circuit - is a type of circuit wherein loads or current consuming devicesare arranged like a chain, there is only one path, and therefore the current isconstant or the same in any part of the circuit. If one bulb or load becomesdefective, all the rest will not operate like in the case of Christmas lights.


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Parallel Circuit- is a type of circuit where the loads such as bulbs are connectedacross the power source. Each bulb receives the same amount of voltage. If onebulb becomes busted, the remaining bulbs will not be affected. This is the mostcommon electrical circuit used in household and offices.

Electrical Circuit Defects


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Shorted circuit – this condition happens if line 1 gets in contact

with line 2 wherein the current did not flow along any load or

current consuming device. The result is excessive or high current

and high temperature that can cause tripping off circuit breaker

and blown fuse. In worse cases it can cause fire damage to life

properties


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Directions: The table below shows two common types of electrical circuit. Write their

advantages and disadvantages under each corresponding column.


Based on your answer in the previous activity between series and parallel circuits,which is more advantageous to use? Why?

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________


Draw the schematic diagram of the circuit used in the assembly of a Lamp shade.


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Directions: As a student, how will you contribute to avoid circuit defects from

happening in your own house? Use the graphic organizer below as reference. The

answer should be written on your notebooks.


Based on the suggested materials and procedures given, prepare a project plan for

making a quality and marketable lampshade. You can also use other materials that are

abundant and available in your community.


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8. Assembly of Water Heater

Human activities are directly affected by existing climate. If the weather is coldroutine activities like taking a bath in the early morning becomes a problem. You needto keep water lukewarm to finish your routine on time. One of the appropriate solutions

is to use a water heater. This is a basic electrical gadget which is handy and userfriendly. This is used for boiling, sterilizing and cooking.

It is readily available in the market today. They come in different forms, shapes,designs and models that would fit the type of water to be boiled or heated. For example:

• Soft water- is well filtered and chlorinated. It does not contain minerals andimpurities. This water is supplied by the local water district like NAWASA.

• Hard water- is water with light and heavy mineral content. This type of watercomes from the deep well.

Note: Always refer to the instructions/manual available in the package before using the

gadget to determine its appropriate use.


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Uses of Water Heater

1. For Boiling, Cooking and Heating (Immerse the water heater completely)

• Sterilizing feeding bottles, kitchenutensils and surgical/medicalinstruments.

• Boiling water in pitcher for coffeeand tea

• Heating water in a pail forbathing.

• Boiling water in a kettle.

• Cooking Siopao or Siomai in asteamer

• Cooking eggs and corn


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2. For Steaming (Immerse the water heater at about ½ to ¾ in order to produce moresteam)

• Steaming for rheumatic treatment.

• Outdoor steam bathing

• Facial treatment in beauty shop

• Steaming for vapor inhaling.

• Steaming for hot towel.


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Directions on how to use the water heater

Note: To the users, you should strictly follow the directions to avoid accident.

• First, insert the plug to 110 or 220 volts AC outlet, then dip the water heater

gradually into the water. No need to use a transformer. (Do not dip the waterheater before plugging to avoid sparks in the plug and outlet).

• Never touch the water while heating is in progress especially if you arebarefooted. (You might be grounded)

• After using, lift the water heater from the water to drain then unplug. (Do notunplug while the water heater is still dipped on the water to avoid spark).

• Allow the water heater to dry first before keeping it in a safe place.

Activity 18. Assembling a Water Heater

Note: Assembly of w ater heater is op t ional depending o n the avai labi l i ty ofmater ials in you r local i ty .

Materials Needed:

o 1 piece Male Plug

o 1 piece Heating Element (any design/form)

o 1 set Plastic/rubber insulator (use as handle)

o 1 set Bolt and nut

o 1 set Metal strip

o 2 meters Flat cord #18


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Materials for water heater assembly

Tools Needed:

Soldering iron/gun Long nose pliers

Screw driver

Pocket knife/any substitute

Procedure:

Prepare the plan

Gather the tools and materials needed.

Insert cord into the plug. Separate the cord wires about 8 centimeters long.

Remove insulation of both wires 1 centimeter long with a pocket knife as ifsharpening a pencil. Be careful not to cut any strand.

Tie using an underwriter’s knot.

Make a loop on terminal wires and connect the wires to the screw of the maleplug. The loop should go with the thread of the screw in clockwise direction.

Separate the cord at the other end about 4 centimeters long. Remove theinsulation of both wires 1 centimeter long. Scrape bare wire. Twist the wirestrands and solder it to the terminals of the heating element.

Cover the soldered part with the handle and close it with the use of bolt and nut.

Check the connections and test the water heater.

Sample Rubrics


Functionality Water heater

functioned.

Water heater

functioned but

intermittent.

Water heater

failed to

function.

Quality Terminals were

properlysoldered and

secured. Output

is presentable.

Terminals

were notproperly

soldered and

secured.

Output is not

presentable.

Terminals

werelooselysoldered.

Output is not

presentable.


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Method Followed the

given procedure

from start to

finish.

Observedcorrect usage of

tools.

Followed the

given

procedure.

Noted using

incorrect toolsonce.

Followed the

given

procedure.

Noted using

incorrecttools more

than once.

Speed Finished the

work on/before

the given time.

Finished the

work after the

given time.

Unable to

finish the

work.

RATING SCALE:

Points Earned Numerical Descriptive

1 7 - 20 91 - 100 Outstanding13 – 16 86 - 90 Very Good9 – 12 81 – 85 Good5 – 8 76 – 80 Fair1 – 4 71 – 75 Needs Improvement

Suggested Activity 19

Discuss the importance of water heatesr in our daily activity and how they are properlyused.

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________


Based on the given materials and procedures prepare a project plan on theassembly of a quality and marketable water heater.


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9. Soldering Techniques

As an electrical technology student, you must remember that the normaloperation of an electrical circuit depends on how an electrician performs the proper

circuit connections. Loose connections will result to abnormal or intermittent operation.Soldering is one of the effective solutions needed in the assembly and repair ofelectrical gadgets. You need to learn and practice proper techniques in soldering toattain good soldered joints.

In performing this process, you will need a soldering iron or soldering gun andsoldering lead. The soldering lead is an alloy or mixture of tin and lead with a ratio of 60percent tin and 40 percent lead. A hardened melted solder becomes permanent anddurable electrical wire connections. The connection can withstand strong vibrations andmovements.

Soldering tools are readily available in the market. They are classified accordingto wattages rating, shape and size of the tips.

The following are the tools and materials used in soldering techniques.

• Soldering Iron- is a tool used to apply heat to the metal joint and to melt thesolder/soldering lead to make a permanent joint. Its wattage ratings varyfrom 30 watts, 45 watts, 60 watts and 75 watts.


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• Soldering Gun- a soldering tool that has a fast heating tip applicable for heavyduty applications. The contour shape is similar to that of a hand gun with atrigger that serves as the switch. The wattage rating of this tool varies from 60 to100 watts.


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• Soldering Stand- is used to hold the soldering iron when not in use or at rest. Itkeeps the hot soldering tip away from any object to avoid burning.

• Soldering Lead/Solder- is an alloy that is a mixture of tin and lead. This isusually made in hollow form with center hole filled with rosin flux. Therosin flux makes the solder melt quickly and cleans the joints beingsoldered.


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• Sponge- is a damp cloth used for cleaning the tip of soldering iron or gun andalso used for wiping excess lead on the tip of the soldering iron.

Soldering Techniques

• Remove the insulator of the wireyou want to connect together.

• Twist the strands of wire to besoldered so that it becomes oneand it will be easy to solder.

• Cross the twisted ends of thewires to be soldered.

• Starting at the cross section, twistthe wires together aroundthemselves.


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Reminders

• Clean the tip of the soldering iron gun regularly.• Tin the tip of soldering iron.• Maintain the pointed tip of soldering iron and reshape it, if necessary.• Apply the right amount of solder on the preheated metallic surface and not

directly to the tip of the soldering iron.• Let the melted solder flow freely around the joint surface.• Solder the joint as quick as possible to avoid extreme heat on the components.• Reheat the cold soldered joint.• Use a soldering stand to avoid the tip to get in contact with combustible materials

or your skin.• Hold the excess terminal lead while cutting to prevent being hit by flying excess

terminal wires.


Directions: Using actual soldering iron and soldering gun compare the features andcharacteristics of the two soldering tools.


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Based on the results of the previous activity, which do you prefer to use? Why? ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


Directions: Perform the soldering techniques using the following:

Materials: 1 meter Solid wire #22 awg

½ meter Soldering lead

¼ sheet Pad paper

Tools:

Soldering Iron (30 watts)

Long Nose Pliers

Side Cutting Pliers

Soldering Stand

Procedure in Soldering:

Clean the tip of the soldering iron or gun using sand paper, file or knife.

Remove the insulator of the wire.

Clean the bare wire conductor using sand paper.

Divide the wire into ten (10) equal lengths.

Arrange the wire on ¼ sheet of paper. (The illustration below will be yourreference.)

Connect the plug of the soldering iron to the power source.

After two to three minutes tin the tip of soldering with the soldering lead.

Heat the intersection of wires for few seconds.


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• Apply appropriate amount of soldering lead on the free heated surface of the wireand not directly to the tip of the soldering iron.

Allow the melted solder to flow evenly around the joint surface.

Remove the tip of soldering iron and allow it to cool naturally.

Check the soldered joints it should be smooth and shiny. Reheat the joints if necessary to avoid cold soldered joints.

Finish all intersection following the same procedures.

You have to solder all wire intersections

Note: Your output will be judged using the given Criteria:• Quality

• Distance

• Speed


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Sample Rubrics


Quality All solderswere

smooth,

shiny and

with no

sharp

edges.

One to threesolders

were not

smooth,

shiny and

have sharp

edges.

Four ormore

solders

were not

smooth,

shiny and

have sharp

edges.

Distance All squares

were equal.

One to three

squareswere not

equal.

Four or

moresquares

were not

equal.

Speed Finished the

task before

the given

time.

Finished the

task after

the given

time.

Unable to

finish the

task.


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10. Assembly of Continuity Tester and Test Light

Continuity Tester and Test Light is a simple electrical gadget which is veryuseful in checking and monitoring electrical circuit conditions. This is a two in onegadget which has a toggle switch to indicate the particular mode.

A Test Light is used to check the presence of power within the circuit. The Neonlamp which serves as the power indicator glows or produces light if the circuitbeing tested has power. Electric current in a single line can also be detectedusing this gadget.

A Continuity Tester is used to check the continuity of conductor, switch, fuse andother electrical devices. This can also be used to check the line cord of electricalappliances such as; flat iron, electric stove, bread toaster, electrical fan, andmany more. It has light emitting diodes (LED) that serve as an indicator. If theLED lights, the wire or conductor tested has continuity.

Pictures of Continuity Tester and Test Light

Interior view of Continuity Tester and Test Light


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The diagrams below show the schematic and pictorial views of the circuit. These

will help you become familiar with the circuits of a continuity tester and a test light. You

may use these in assembling your project.


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Materials Needed in the Assembly of Continuity Tester and Test Light

1 piece Neon lamp 220 volts

1 piece Resistor 820 ohms ½ watt

1 piece Dry cell 9 volts DC

1 piece Toggle switch 1 piece Battery holder

3 pieces Light Emitting Diodes (LED) jumbo

1 meter Hook up wire #22 awg stranded

1 set Test Probe (black and red)

½ meter Soldering lead

1 piece Cassette casing or any other casing fitted for the project

Tools and Instruments Needed in the Assembly of Continuity Tester and Test

Light Soldering Iron

Long Nose Pliers

Side Cutting Pliers

Mini electric drill

DC Power Supply

Multi-Tester

Procedures in Assembling Continuity Tester and Test Light

Secure all the materials needed to save time. Check the condition of all components using multi-tester.

Analyze the wiring connections and orientation of parts to determine the properposition of parts.

Clean the electrodes or terminals of components to insure quality solder.

Bore appropriate holes for light emitting diodes, neon lamp and toggle switch.

Perform the wiring installations and solder the wiring connections.

Connect the battery holder.

Fix all parts and wirings on its casing.

Set the toggle switch to continuity tester mode (CTM).

Short the test probe, the LED’s should light which is a normal response of thecontinuity tester.

Set the toggle switch in opposite position or test light mode (TLM). To avoid theLED’s light to be busted.

Check the power of the convenience outlet, the neon lamp should light if it haspower.


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REMINDER

In assembling the continuity tester and test light, you must strictly follow thewiring diagrams because the light emitting diodes and battery have polarity. This meansthat there are positive and negative terminals that should not be interchanged.

Another thing is you must be extra careful in using the devices. You have to seeto it that the toggle switch is in its correct mode. For example you want to check ifthe particular convenience outlet has power what you should do is to set thetoggle switch to test light mode (TLM) to avoid damaging the gadget. This gadgetis comparable to a multi- tester which is too delicate. Proper care and

maintenance is necessary because this is a significant instrument that you will beusing for the next quarters.


Directions: Discuss the importance of a continuity tester and test light in providingquality and safe electrical servicing jobs.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

_________________________


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Directions: Draw the schematic diagram of the continuity tester and test light circuit.


Directions: Based on the given diagram, materials and procedures prepare a projectplan for a quality continuity tester and test light.

After firming up your understanding on the concept and underlying principles of

basic electrical device assembly, we will now proceed with its applications.


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THE MULTITESTER

The Multitester or multimeter is sometimes called the VOM (voltmeter,ohmmeter, milliammeter). It is the best instrument that can measure voltage, resistanceand current. It is generally made of two types: the analog and the digital.

A. PARTS OF A MULTI TESTER


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A. Proper care and maintenance of the multi tester

1. Read manual of instructions on how to operate the multi-tester. 2. In reading the amount of voltage, always start with the highest range to avoid

reading voltage higher than the tester setting. 3. Be sure that the tester is set to the correct range setting: resistance range when

measuring the ohm, voltage range when measuring voltage and ammeter range

when measuring the value of electric current. 4. Always check the condition of its battery. Worn out batteries will damage the

internal setting of the tester. 5. When the tester is not in used or will be stored, set the selector switch t 1000V or

to OFF position. 6. Never drop the tester.


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B. How to read the meter scale of the multi tester

To read the resistance range of the multi-tester, the given table below will beused. The unit of measurement to be used to determine its resistance is ohm.


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Activity 27: PARTS OF MULTITESTER

DIRECTION. Given a Multi-\tester below, write the parts indicated by the arrow andgive their functions.


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B. PROCESS

1. Electrical Tools and Materials used in Assembling Basic Electrical Gadgets

Aside from the screw drivers and flat cords mentioned earlier. Here aresophisticated tools and materials that could be used in assembling quality andmarketable basic electrical gadgets.

• Compact Screw Driver is a type of screw driver that can be manually operated orwith the use of electrical energy. It could be with the use of dry cell or battery of drycells-(DC) direct current or (AC) alternating current. It is automatically plug into a 220volt supply of electrical energy or with a built in battery.

DC operated screw drivers AC operated screw driver

Flexible cord- is a round flexible conductor which is also used as an extensionwire. This comes in a variety of sizes, colors and number of conductor inside thecord depending on desired wattages capacity and its purpose. The third wire isconnected to the third terminal that is intended for grounding.

Pictures of two, three and more wire conductors inside a round flexible cord


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Pictures of extension cords using round flexible cord

B. Water Heater

Other portable water heaters available in the market are those permanently

installed in the bath rooms or hanged in outdoor places. Like the handy water heater for

coffee it has a heating element that serves as the heart of the unit. It has control

switches that regulate the temperature of water that comes out from the unit. Other

manufacturers produce water heaters that are installed indoors only inside the

bathrooms. This type of water heaters are commonly installed in residences,

apartments, hospitals, hotels, resorts and others buildings.

Portable water heater for bathing hanged on the fence outdoor


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Directions: Based on the pictures of water heaters, describe each in terms of features

and characteristics.


Directions: Visit nearby hardware stores, workshops and malls with electrical hardware

stores. Then observe, examine and take pictures of the different variety of extension

cords sold there. Show pictures and present your observation to the class.


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Directions: Explore industries within your community to find out when and where these

sophisticated tools are used.


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C. UNDERSTAND:

Activity 1

• Discuss the importance of assembling quality basic electrical gadgets as possible

entrepreneurial activity.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

• Given extension cords A, B and C, determine which one is innovative. Justify youranswer.

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________


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• On a scale of 1 to 5, what is your level of confidence in assembling basic electricalgadgets? Why?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

• Compare the features of extension cord A and B using the given criteria below.

• How would you feel if the extension cord you prepared was rejected by your teacher?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

Self- assess your level of confidence in assembling a heavy duty extension cord.

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


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D. TRANSFER

Are you ready to demonstrate to others your gained knowledge and skills?

Perform the following activities:

Suggested Activity 1: Extension Cord Assembly

Directions: Assemble an Innovative and Marketable Extension Cord based on theproject plan you have prepared and follow step by step the procedures:

• Prepare the plan.• Gather all necessary materials, tools and equipment needed.• Insert cord into the male plug, split the cord wires about 8 centimeters long.• Remove insulation of both wires 1 centimeter long with a pocket knife as if

sharpening a pencil. Be careful not to cut any strand.• Scrape bare wire with the back of the knife until shiny. Twist the wire stands.• Tie the underwriter’s knot.• Make a loop on terminal wires and connect the wires to the screw of the male

plug. The loop should go with the thread clockwise direction.• Split the cord wires at the other end about 4 centimeters long, then follow

procedure no. 4.• Connect the wires to the connectors.• Open the convenience outlet then remove the screw.• Insert the wire connectors to the screws, tighten it and return the cover.• Check the continuity and test the extension cord.


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Your performance and product will be judged by the following criteria:

y, innovativeness)

Note: Each of you will assemble at least three extension cords. See to it that you

did an innovation in the second and third extension cords.


Functionality Extension

cord/lamp

shade was100%

functional.

Extension

cord/lamp

shade wasfunctional but

intermittent.

Extension

cord/lamp

shade wasnot

functional.

Design Two or more

innovations

were made.

With only

one

innovation

made.

No innovation

made.

Quality Terminal

wires were

properly

twisted and

secured.

Output is

presentable.

Terminal

wires were

not properly

twisted and

secured.

Output is not

presentable

Terminal

wires were

loose. Output

is not

presentable.

Method Followed the

given step

from start to

finish using

appropriate

tools for each

task.

Followed the

given step.

Noted

incorrect

usage of

tools once.

Followed the

given step.

Noted

incorrect

usage of

tools more

than once.

Safety work

habits

No inquiry

happned

while doing

Noticed

incidence of

injury while

Noticed

incidence of

injury more


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the task. doing task. than once.

Time

Management

Finished the

task on or

before the

given time.

Finished the

task after the

given task.

Unable to

fiish the given

task.

Suggested Activity 2: Lamp Shade Assembly

Directions: Assemble marketable lamp shade based on the project plan you haveprepared and follow step by step procedures.

• Secure all the materials needed.• Prepare the tools and instruments needed.

• Analyze the wiring diagram.• Mount the bulb socket at one end of the pipe.• Insert the flat cord along the pipe and connect it to the bulb socket.(do the

underwriter’s knot)• Bore appropriate hole for the base of the lamp shade.• Insert the other end of the wire to the hole.• Install the switch somewhere in the middle of the flat cord.• Install the male plug at the end of the wire. (don’t forget do the underwriter’s knot)• Position the pipe at the center of the base.• Place the pebbles inside the container so that the pipe can stand alone• Make the frame or skeleton of the lamp shade using the wire considering the

dimensions of the shade.• Put decorating materials like beads, sequence, glitters and other materials

available to enhance the physical appearance.• Insert the shade to the frame after connecting the lamp to the socket.• Apply voltage to the lamp shade and observe performance.• Troubleshoot the circuit if necessary.• Your performance and product will be judged by the following criteria:


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o Functionalityo Product design (creativity, innovativeness)o Quality (accuracy, workmanship)o Use of appropriate tools and materialso Observance of safety measure

o Time management

Note: Please refer to the sample rubrics in activity 1.

Suggested Activity 3: Water Heater Assembly

Directions: Assemble quality and marketable water heater based on the approvedproject plan. Steps below will serve as your guide.

• Prepare the plan• Gather the tools and materials needed.• Insert cord into the plug. Separate the cord wires about 8 centimeters long.

Remove insulation of both wires 1 centimeter long with a pocket knife as ifsharpening a pencil. Be careful not to cut any strand.

• Tie the under writer’s knot.• Make a loop on terminal wires and connect the wires to the screw of the male

plug. The loop should go with the thread of the screw clockwise direction.• Separate the cord at the other end about 4 centimeters long. Remove the

insulation of both wires 1 centimeter long. Scrape bare wire. Twist the wirestrands and solder it to the terminals of the heating element.

• Cover the soldered part with the handle and close it with the use of bolt and nut.• Check the connections and test the water heater.

Your Performance or product will be judged based on the following criteria:

• Functionality• Quality• Method• Speed

SAMPLE RUBRICS


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Functionality Water heater

was functional.

Water heater

was functional

butintermittent.

Water heater

was not

functional.

Quality Terminals were

properly

soldered and

secured. Output

is presentable.

Terminals

were not

properly

soldered and

secured.

Output is not

presentable.

Terminals

were loosely

soldered.

Output is not

presentable.

Method Followed the

given procedure

from start to

finish.

Observed

correct usage of

tools.

Followed the

given

procedure.

Noted

incorrect

usage of tools

once.

Followed the

given

procedure.

Noted

incorrect

usage of

tools more

than once.

Speed Finished thework on/before

the given time.

Finished thework after the

given time.

Unable tofinish the

work.

RATING SCALE:

Points Earned Numerical Descriptive

1 7 - 20 91 - 100 Outstanding13 – 16 86 - 90 Very Good9 – 12 81 – 85 Good5 – 8 76 – 80 Fair1 – 4 71 – 75 Needs Improvement


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Suggested Activity 4: Continuity Tester and Test Light Assembly

Directions: Assemble quality continuity tester and test light based on the approvedproject plan. The steps below will serve as your guide.

• Secure all the materials needed.• Check all components using multi-tester.• Analyze the wiring connections and orientation of parts to determine the proper

position of parts.• Clean the electrodes or terminals of components.• Bore appropriate holes for light emitting diodes, neon lamp and toggle switch.• Perform the wiring installations and solder the wiring connections.• Connect the battery holder.• Fix all parts and wirings on its casing• Set the toggle switch to continuity tester mode (CTM).• Short the test probe, the LED’s should light which is normal response of

continuity tester.• Set the toggle switch in opposite position or test light mode (TLM).• Check the power of the convenience outlet, the neon l

Documents

IA-Electricity 7&8 LM