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The Effect of the Greenhouse Effect on Marine Ecology
IB Group 4-1 2011 Internal Assessment NIS: Rik Aikman, Wonwoo Choi
FIS: Ji-Eun Park, Yumi Nishikawa
Table of Contents
•The Greenhouse Effect
•The Greenhouse Simulation Lab
1. Greenhouse Effect(Chemistry)
•Deep Sea Sequestering
•Acidification of Sea Water
•Results
•Effects on Marine Life
2. Deep Sea Sequestering
(Biology)
•The Fundamentals of Electricity Generation
•How Wind Energy Works
3. Offshore Wind Farm 1
(Physics)
•The Ecological Ramification of Wind Energy
•Experiment
•Lab Design
•Result
4. Offshore Wind Farm 2
(Biology)
•Looking back as a group
5. Self Reflection
1. The Greenhouse Effect•Sun’s light• Visible• Ultraviolet
• Absorbed by O3
•Absorption & Emission
The Greenhouse Simulation LabVinegar + Baking Soda Carbon DioxideNaHCO3 + CH3COOH
CH3COO-Na+ + H2O + CO2
Hypothesis If we create an atmosphere of
carbon dioxide in the tank with the heat lamps on, then the temperature of the tank will rise because of the greenhouse effect.
Laboratory Demonstration
Final Temperature (6 minutes after reaction)Tank A = +2.3 CControl = +0.1 C
0 60 120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Graph of the change in temperature of the tank
with CO2 presence
AControl
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)Tank/Time
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
A 28.9 28.8 29 29.2 29.2 29.2 29.2Control 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.3 28.4 28.3
Tank/Time
210 240 270 300 330 360 390
A 29.3 29.2 28 28 27.9 27.5 28Control 28.5 28.5 28.7 28.6 28.4 28.3 28.6
Tank/Time
420 450 480 510 540 570 600
A 28.5 29.6 30.1 30.9 31.2 30.8 31.2Control 28.7 28.3 28.5 28.9 28.7 28.6 28.4
2. Deep Sea Sequestering
•Storing CO2 in the sea•Less CO2 in the atmosphere•Acidifies the Ocean •Dangerous for marine life
Acidification of sea water Lab Aim: State the pH sea, and compare the
results of the pH values of the variety of waters with those affected by CO2.
This is to show how CO2 affects the pH scale of seawater.
Seawater is slightly alkaline, therefore we will start out with a blue color shown by the pH indicator.
Acidification of seawater
ResultsThe seawater becomes lighter.Indicating that the seawater becomes more
acidic if CO2 is added.
Effects on marine lifeThe dissolution of carbon dioxide in sea water makes it more acidic. decrease in a very important form of inorganic carbon: the
carbonate ion (CO32-). Numerous marine organisms such as corals, etc rely on carbonate
ions to form their calcareous shells or skeletons in a process known as calcification.
The concentration of carbonate ions in the ocean largely determines whether there is dissolution or precipitation of aragonite and calcite, the two natural polymorphs of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), secreted in the form of shells or skeletons by these organisms.
Today, surface waters are supersaturated with respect to aragonite and calcite, meaning that carbonate ions are abundant.
This super saturation is also essential to keep these structures intact. Existing shells and skeletons might dissolve if pH reaches lower values, and the oceans turn corrosive for these organisms.
3. Offshore Wind Farm 1 The Fundamentals of Electricity Generation
•Faraday’s law of induction•Induced Current
• The current obtained due to the relative motion between the coil and the magnet
How Wind Energy WorksKinetic energy
mechanical energy electrical energy
Bernoulli’s principle
Magnetic rotor and copper wire Diagram of a wind energy generator
4. Offshore Wind Farm 2The Ecological Ramifications of Wind EnergyAlthough wind energy benefits us, it distracts marine animals
vibration- vibration cause water movement, which gives distraction to fish, and its noise can disturb marine mammals’ vocal communication
Electromagnetic field- the field distracts fish that are relying on geomagnetic field when moving
As a result, marine animals migrate to different area or modify their behavior.
ExperimentAim: To make improvements in offshore wind
farm from disturbing fish and its environment regarding effect of vibration and electromagnetic field.
Procedure:Simulate offshore wind farm
Make a large fish tankUse electric fan as a wind turbine
Lab Design
Result
Solution/Time 1st 30 sec 2nd 30 sec 3rd 30 sec
Control Some stayedMost migrated
Some stayedMost migrated
1 stayed19 migrated
Solution 1 Most stayedSome migrated
18 stayed2 migrated
Half stayedHalf migrated
Solution 2 Half stayedHalf migrated
Some stayedMost migrated
2 stayed18 migrated
Solution 3 Some stayedMost migrated
3 stayed17 migrated
Most stayedSome migrated
Result:•Control: no materials•Solution 1: planting water plant near the fan•Solution 2: netting around the fan•Solution 3: covering base of the fan with gravel
Self-Reflection
THANK YOU :)