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The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Sponsored by CA Technologies and IBM | * October 2018
IDC White Paper
* This paper was originally published in December 2016, with no substantial update to the business value data
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 2
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
CONTENTS
Executive Summary 3
Study Demographics 5
The Connected Mainframe 5
• Modernization 6
• Integration 7
Business Value Summary 9
• Business Productivity Benefits 10
• Cost of Operations Efficiencies 12
• IT Infrastructure Cost Reductions 12
• IT Staff Productivity Benefits 13
ROI Analysis 13
Investing in the Mainframe Rather than Migrating 14
Challenges/Opportunities 16
Conclusion and IDC’s Recommendations 16
Appendix 17
• Demographics and Mainframe Environments of Interviewed Organizations 17
• Methodology 18
• Additional Customer Quotes 20
The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 3
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
After several years of relentless hardware and software innovation, the mainframe is at an
inflection point from being a supporting platform of transaction revenue to becoming a
source of revenue growth and innovation. Organizations are evolving toward what IDC calls
the “connected mainframe.” The platform is transforming from a revenue-supporting machine
into a revenue-generating machine and is increasingly playing a central role in organizations’
digital transformation (DX) journey. Key steps in achieving the connected mainframe require
organizations to modernize and integrate the platform with their internal and external
environments. IDC finds that these modernization and integration initiatives lead to new
business innovations, which in turn are driving revenue growth and improving organizational
operational efficiency.
The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Sponsored by: CA Technologies and IBM
Authors: Peter Rutten Matthew Marden
* October, 2018
Business Value Highlights300%+ five-year ROI
10 months to breakeven
An average of almost
$200 million in additional revenue per year
27% lower mainframe licensing costs
52% more efficient mainframe management
47% lower overall cost of operations over five years than distributed environments
According to IDC’s research, connected mainframe adopters are generating an average of almost $200 million in additional revenue per year while improving business and IT staff productivity and cutting operational costs. Over 50% of the benefit value came from business productivity gains, realized from higher transaction volumes, new services, and/or business expansion. Furthermore, these organizations would experience 47% lower cost of operations over five years than if they had migrated off the mainframe to a distributed infrastructure.
Adopters of a connected mainframe strategy can achieve more than 300% return on investment (ROI) over five years in their quest for digital transformation.
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 4
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Value Generation from the Connected MainframeA healthcare provider noted: “Our membership in one line of business has gone from about 250,000 members to about 800,000 members because of the technological enhancements we’ve done to modernize on the mainframe.”
IDC’s findings are based on extensive interviews with executives at nine organizations
that have historically run significant mainframe operations. The goal of this study was to
understand how and to what extent these organizations are leveraging the platform to
support their DX initiatives and share those best practices so that other IT leaders can make
informed business decisions as they evaluate their mainframe plans and strategies.
This study reveals key attributes and examines how faster versus slower adopters accrue the
benefits at much different rates. The research also looks at how organizational and cultural
stances toward the mainframe platform impacted the speed at which organizations made
progress on their digital transformation efforts. In summary, we found the following:
1. Organizations with a business-first approach accrued much greater value
generation. By business first versus platform first, we mean organizations that are
committed to finding the fit-for-purpose platform to fulfill business objectives first and as
such are evolving IT as a coherent team that utilizes infrastructure resources in the most
optimized way.
2. Companies that look to extend the mainframe see much larger business value
benefits versus organizations that are looking to migrate or starting afresh. Many
participants noted that reusing mainframe assets to deliver new services was easy and
cost effective. Conversely, at least one organization that attempted migration reported
experiencing buyers’ remorse.
3. Participants that had a higher cultural acceptance of the mainframe as an integral
part of a connected ecosystem also returned greater benefits. Most participants
considered the ability to integrate the mainframe with other components of the
datacenter as a mantle of IT agility and as a competitive differentiator.
4. There is a growing realization that innovation on mainframe is actually feasible.
Study participants realized that the capabilities have matured significantly and are seeing
results by adopting just a few capabilities such as Java, internal APIs, or Linux. As a result,
the participants are realizing that they can deliver innovation at a pace comparable to the
rest of the IT organization.
That said, even with the compelling economic benefits, the biggest reason for slow adoption
of the connected mainframe is inertia. Cultural notions about the platform have been slow
to change. Many of the participants expressed frustration with outdated perceptions in the
organization that are not considering future potential. IDC believes that the mainframe has a
central role in digital transformation; businesses that do not take advantage of its broad range
of capabilities are giving up value and, potentially, competitive advantage.
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Study DemographicsIDC interviewed nine organizations with significant mainframe operations to inform this
study’s analysis as well as three additional organizations that provided qualitative feedback.
These enterprises were of various sizes and included multinational organizations in the
financial services, insurance, and healthcare sectors. These organizations rely on their
mainframe platforms to run their most critical internal and customer-facing operations
that generate billions of dollars of revenue each year. For specific information about these
organizations’ mainframe environments, see the Appendix.
Situation OverviewThe Connected Mainframe
This IDC study has determined that organizations with mainframes that are pursuing what
IDC has labeled a “connected mainframe” strategy are engaged in two broad sets of initiatives
— modernization and integration with the mainframe — that drive business innovation.
Figure 1 shows varying degrees of adoption of a variety of technologies and practices within
the connected mainframe strategy.
FIGURE 1
Connected Mainframe Adoption Among Study Participants
Note: The adoption categories are adapted from Everett M. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation. Source: IDC, 2016
• Modernization Initiatives
• Integration Initiatives
Innovators Early Adopters Early Majority Late Majority Laggards
Mobile AppsDevOps & Agile
Mainframe-as-a-service
Hybrid Cloud Linux on Mainframe
Web Enablement
API Usage
Running Java on Mainframe
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Modernization Modernizing on the mainframe means creating a platform that is integration ready within the datacenter and with the outside world and subsequent business innovation.
RUNNING JAVA ON THE MAINFRAME
An important aspect of modernizing on the mainframe is the use of Java, which most
organizations in the study say they support — some aggressively with Java on Linux, while
others in a limited fashion running Java inside Customer Information Control System (CICS).
WEB ENABLEMENT
A second component of modernization is enabling the mainframe to communicate with
other parts of the infrastructure using web services and service-oriented architectures
(SOAs) to deliver new revenue-generating services. Web services can deliver the trove of
data and functionalities within the mainframe to other applications seamlessly and securely
while leveraging the platform’s inherent reliability and scalability. “We have 600 or 700
mainframe-based services in production right now.”
LINUX ON THE MAINFRAME
The primary factor driving Linux on mainframe is cost. One participant said that it moved
departmental workloads to Linux both in the distributed and the mainframe environments
because of the cost advantages. Another participant stated: “We used to MQ service loads
on distributed [environments]; now we are moving that to Linux on the mainframe.” In
addition, by integrating Linux workloads using the mainframe’s fast internal communications,
organizations can:
» Colocate systems of record on z/OS with systems of engagement on Linux, allowing
seamless extension of core business systems rather than proliferating data to other servers
» Protect more workloads inside the mainframe and keep interacting applications closer
together for analytics
However, confusion about pricing is slowing adoption; Linux processors are actually cheaper,
but there is disagreement whether Linux should remain on the distributed side. More market
awareness about the benefits of Integrated Facility for Linux (IFL) will help organizations build
the case.
Adoption: Late majority
Benefits: Ease of integration - Increased capacity and computational volume, skill management
Adoption: Early majority
Benefits: Deliver new revenue-generating services quickly
Adoption: Early adopter
Benefits: Lower infrastructure cost, greater operational efficiency
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
MAINFRAME AS A SERVICE
The next aspect of modernization on the mainframe is around cloud computing, which
typically consists of on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid
elasticity (ideally automatically), and measured services, meaning pay per use. The mainframe
delivers increasingly on these cloud aspects. For example, infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
can be achieved with z/VM and Linux on IBM Z; platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a
service (SaaS) can be delivered with middleware and z/OS. One study participant stated: “We
use the mainframe for DB as a service, file as a service, and MQ as a service.” However, most
businesses are in the very early stages, given that self-service, billing, and tooling are expected
in forthcoming versions of z/OS.
Integration Integration with the mainframe means connecting the mainframe with the rest of the datacenter infrastructure and IT processes as well as opening the platform up to the outside world.
MOBILE APPS WITH THE MAINFRAME
Exposing services and capabilities on the mainframe to mobile apps is the most common
among the study participants, given the cost advantages and the ability to simply extend and
connect and reuse mainframe applications:
» “When you look at all the mobile capabilities, you could make a case; why go to the distributed
environment when you can run this on the mainframe right now — because you can do it
cheaper and faster. The z13s are opening up a whole new world for us.”
» “Mobile apps run on the mobile and connect to the ‘old’ service capabilities [on the mainframe]
for payment and such. You don’t have to rebuild payment to connect to a mobile app.”
» A healthcare organization noted that it is moving to the next step with IoT and Big Data
as follows: “We have partnered with vendors around remote devices, diabetes devices. We’re
positioning for IoT and Big Data that are tied to our mainframe development.”
LEVERAGING INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL APIS
A second aspect of integration is the use of internal and external APIs on the mainframe, which
is widespread among the participating organizations. For mobile enablement, the use of API
is standard. A participating organization stated: “We are participating in business ecosystems,
and the best way to interact with different parties in ecosystems is through APIs. [These ecosystems]
provide revenue now. We expect revenue-generating opportunities from public APIs to grow.”
Adoption: Late majority
Benefits: Accelerated innovation
Adoption: Late majority
Benefits: Faster time to value with reuse of existing capabilities
Adoption: Innovators
Benefits: Improved cost predictability with pay as you go
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
DEVOPS AND AGILE ON THE MAINFRAME
The goal of DevOps is to release applications faster and more frequently. In fact, the
mainframe supports many tools identical to those for other platforms for every stage of
the application life cycle:
» “We routinely run both agile projects and scaled agile projects, and if there’s a mainframe
component, it certainly participates.”
» “All our services on the mainframe are versioned so that we can bring in a new service
version without any impact.”
» A major European bank stated: “... with this more agile approach and also all this flexibility,
you can call all the services from a web browser. This opens up completely new fields.”
HYBRID CLOUD AND MODERN APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
Last, IDC noted that it is still very early days for hybrid cloud and modern app
development in spite of the inherent platform advantages and tool maturity:
» Security is the barrier with hybrid cloud. On the one hand, mainframe “was the cloud
in a box” — highly suitable for hybrid cloud–like deployment where enterprises must
maintain a secure on-premise cloud for back–end systems of record and core data
but then connect with systems of engagement. That said, data privacy and security
concerns are holding organizations back, and the most IDC sees is private cloud
deployments with the mainframe.
» Adoption of modern app development using open source runtime frameworks,
microservices, and popular languages should be a best practice for a connected
mainframe but is still nascent. A few organizations are starting to adopt Eclipse-based
IDEs for “developers, who don’t even know that the mainframe is there,” but many
continue to develop on COBOL citing skills and culture.
Adoption: Early adopter
Benefits: Business and IT agility
Adoption: Innovator
Benefits: Augment computational capacity at lower cost, skill management
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 9
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Business Value SummaryStudy participants reported significant impacts on business results while gaining
operational efficiencies with their connected mainframe initiatives. While specific use
cases and benefits differed by participant, they drew a common link between increased
mainframe agility and performance to improved business results. Meanwhile, almost
all organizations are realizing value in the form of reduced costs and more efficient
operations.
IDC’s analysis puts the annual value for study participants of these connected
mainframe initiatives at an average of $181,900 per application ($56 million per
organization) per year over five years. This value is accrued to the following three key
areas (see Figure 2):
» Business productivity benefits. By supporting business expansion, higher
transaction volumes, and new services, these organizations will capture additional
revenue of $646,500 per application ($198.5 million per organization) per year over
five years, which is recognized in IDC’s model with a 15% assumed operating margin
worth an average of $97,000 per application ($30 million per organization) per year
over five years. Higher revenue is being achieved by both better meeting business
demand through more effective delivery of applications and services and providing
a cost-effective platform for expanding business operations.
» IT staff productivity benefits. Requiring less IT staff time for day-to-day mainframe
support activities and enabling application developers to be more effective and
efficient translate into productivity benefits and time efficiencies worth an average
of $58,900 per application ($18 million per organization) per year over five years.
» IT infrastructure cost reductions. IDC projects that by reducing licensing and
power costs, interviewed organizations will achieve cost savings at an average of
$26,000 per application ($8 million per organization) per year over five years.
Organizations could run workloads on their connected mainframes at an average of
47% lower cost over five years than by moving to a more distributed environment they
have considered (refer to Figure 4).
IDC’s analysis puts the annual value for study participants of these connected mainframe initiatives at an average of $181,900 per application ($56 million per organization) per year over five years.
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 10
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Business Productivity Benefits
Business productivity benefits ultimately come down to revenue generation and competitive
advantage. The mainframe is now poised to serve as a platform that supports business expansion
and forays into new types of services. Business growth is increasingly predicated on delivering
services to new user interfaces — especially mobile — and leveraging huge amounts of data
without impacting performance. In addition, time to delivery is becoming an increasingly important
competitive differentiator.
One organization explained: “Our investment in hardware and software will help to reduce the costs, but
in the end, it’s smart and clever business application that provides the value to the business. And when you
have a set of good processes that helps to deliver fast, then it’s even a bigger value-add for the business.”
Additional examples of mainframe innovation paying off through additional revenue are as follows:
» Supporting business growth and new types of services. “The new environment, the
modernization, [and] the new applications [on the mainframe] have contributed to the firm’s overall
revenue. Also, the scalability of the platform really helps — for example, we introduced new ebanking,
and we’ve had growth of four times more traffic without any cost impact.”
» API-enabled growth. “The business is well aware of the fact that there is a competitive advantage in
having the ability to build a hybrid platform with our mainframe. It means our ability to stitch together
a hybrid business platform is based on an API’s entry architecture.”
“By breaking up fixed deployment windows, a lot of features are much quicker to production, and people can use it. Now, we need about one to two weeks to build for a new service, a new capability.”
FIGURE 2
Average Annual Benefits per Application
($ p
er a
pplic
atio
n)
200,00180,00
160,000140,000120,000100,000
80,00060,00040,00020,000
0IT staff
productivity benefitsBusiness productivity
benefits
Average annual benefits per 100 users: $181,900
IT infrastructure cost reductions
$97,000
$26,000
$58,900
Source: IDC, 2016
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Organizations that have adopted new approaches and tools to enhance their mainframe
development efforts delivered more value through increased business agility and faster time to
market. They are using APIs to integrate their mainframe and other IT environments, leveraging tools
for efficiencies, and adopting new languages. These approaches discussed in the The Connected
Mainframe section have dissolved barriers to development efficacy and spurred more vibrant
development ecosystems:
» Improved developer productivity: The interviewed organizations’ mainframe developers —
who number in the hundreds on average — have become 15% more productive on average
(value is attributed to the “IT staff productivity benefits” category in Figure 2).
» Shortened application development life cycles: Speeding up mainframe application
development life cycles benefits both internal users and end customers. “By breaking up fixed
deployment windows, a lot of features are much quicker to production, and people can use it. Now, we
need about one to two weeks to build for a new service, a new capability.”
These organizations are supporting services that generate revenue into the billions of dollars, but as
a result of their connected mainframe initiatives, the organizations are reporting a significant revenue
increase of an average of almost $200 million per year (see Table 1).
Business Impact With Connected Mainframe Initiatives Per Organization Per Application
Revenue Impact
Additional average revenue per year ~$200 million $646,500
Assumed operating margin 15% 15%
Revenue recognized for study results $30 million $97,000 (higher operating margin per year)
TABLE 1
Note: This table measures the average impact on study participants from their unique connected
mainframe initiatives (i.e., from a before-and-after perspective).
Source: IDC, 2016
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Cost of Operations Efficiencies
In addition to supporting business growth, interviewed organizations are extending their
mainframe use cost effectively in terms of licensing, operational expenses such as power, and staff
management time cost. A participant that has made a substantial investment in modernization
and integration noted: “Our mainframe TCO has gone down by half in the last eight years, even as
transaction volumes doubled.” These operational efficiencies are found through improvements in
both IT infrastructure cost reductions and IT staff productivity (see Figure 3).
IT Infrastructure Cost Reductions
New mainframe hardware such as the z13 as well as mainframe software and tools enable
efficiencies in terms of both software licensing use and power consumption. These efficiencies
are of particular importance as organizations continue to make greater use of their mainframes.
Several organizations reported reducing mainframe licensing costs even as they grew their
transaction volumes, with one participant noting: “[O]ur licensing costs have gone down with
the use of specialty engines and the efficiencies of new mainframes — at least [by] 10%.” One
organization said: “We’ve reduced our setup by two machines by making consumption more efficient,
which will reduce power and cooling costs.”
“We’ve reduced our setup by two machines by making consumption more efficient, which will reduce power and cooling costs.”
FIGURE 3
Annual Costs of Operations With Connected Mainframe
Note: This figure measures the average impact on study participants from their unique connected mainframe initiatives
(i.e., from a before-and-after perspective, with licensing costs reflecting ongoing hardware and software licensing costs).
Source: IDC, 2016
Staff time and managementOpex costs (power and facilities)Licensing costs
35% lower
$92,200$67,200
$7,200
$52,500
$6,100$25,400
Before connected mainframe With connected mainframe
($ p
er a
pplic
atio
n)
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
Total: $151,800
Total: $98,700
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
IT Staff Productivity Benefits
IT teams responsible for administering their organizations’ mainframe environments have
benefited from hardware upgrades and new software. As a result, less staff support time is
required on a per-mainframe or a per-application basis. More importantly, these efficiencies can
free up staff time to work on higher-value initiatives such as the deployment of new services.
Examples include:
» Automation: “Our mainframe is growing in that we have more legal entities on the same
machines, but we’ve still been able to reduce staff resources for operating the whole system because
there is a lot of automation, and it is really standardized.”
» Efficient growth: “[I]t seems to be really hard to get a good financial business case [to migrate]
because the target environments sometimes come out to be very complex and costly to manage,
just from a people’s standpoint, let alone a technology where on the mainframe we can grow that
technology by leaps and bounds and really add no people.”
ROI AnalysisIDC used the following three-step method for conducting the ROI analysis:
1. Gathered quantitative benefit information during the interviews using a before-and-
after assessment of the impact of modernization and integration initiatives. The benefits
included staff time savings and productivity benefits, increased revenue, and IT-related
infrastructure cost reductions.
2. Created a complete investment (five-year total cost analysis) profile based on the
interviews. Investments include costs related to new mainframe hardware and tools, along
with associated ongoing maintenance costs.
3. Calculated the ROI and payback period. IDC conducted a depreciated cash flow analysis of
the benefits and investments related to the organizations’ mainframe platforms over a five-
year period. ROI is the ratio of the net present value (NPV) and the discounted investment. The
payback period is the point at which cumulative benefits equal the initial investment.
IDC’s results of the benefits and costs of interviewed organizations investing in a connected
mainframe present a compelling summary of the value these organizations are achieving (see
Table 2).
“Our mainframe is growing in that we have more legal entities on the same machines, but we’ve still been able to reduce staff resources for operating the whole system because there is a lot of automation, and it is really standardized.”
Document #US420639_2018 © 2018 IDC. www.idc.com | Page 14
IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Investing in the Mainframe Rather than MigratingDespite the tangible benefits for organizations of investing in and modernizing their mainframe
platform, as can be expected, organizations do reassess the value of their mainframe platforms
and consider using more distributed infrastructure. However, this study as well as multiple
organizations’ internal analyses have demonstrated that remaining on and investing in their
mainframe platform is more cost effective and delivers greater business value than migrating to
more distributed architectures.
The granularity with which software licensing costs can be attributed to lines of business can
itself lead to cost analyses of potential migrations. One organization explained: “The irony is that it’s
exactly the ease with which the costs of running workloads on mainframes can be determined that leads
to questions about its cost and value.” Nevertheless, interviewed organizations consistently reported
struggling to find a business case for moving workloads off of the mainframe. In fact, the potential
licensing savings from moving to a more distributed infrastructure platform were more than
counteracted by cost and staff inefficiencies in building out a substantial distributed environment,
without even taking into account factors such as the staff effort of migrating workloads and
increased operational risk. The following challenges were noted:
» Prolonged and expensive migrations: “The majority of potential big migrations we’ve looked at
end up with the transition costs being very high without a great business case or an ROI.”
» Significant investment in hardware: “To do the mainframe applications on distributed servers,
we’d need another 5,000 servers in addition to what we have now.”
“The irony is that it’s exactly the ease with which the costs of running workloads on mainframes can be determined that leads to questions about its cost and value.”
Source: IDC, 2016
Five-Year ROI Analysis Per Organization Per Application
Benefit (discounted) $201 million $655,800
Investment (discounted) $46 million $148,500
Net present value (NPV) $155 million $507,300
Return on investment (ROI) 300%+ 300%+
Payback period 10 months 10 months
Discount rate 12% 12%
TABLE 2
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
» IT staff requirements: “We would probably need two times as many staff for managing a
distributed environment. It’s a lot of effort, and it creates a lot more breakage because there’s a
lot more moving parts.”
One study participant that moved to distributed infrastructure described “buyers’ remorse
for some of the application pieces,” especially because of the significant additional staff time
costs involved with managing and patching a significantly larger distributed environment.
Organizations that made the cost-effective choice to remain on their mainframe platforms
are realizing five-year cost of operations that are 47% lower on average, taking into account
hardware, maintenance, licensing, power, facilities, IT staff management time, operational
impact from system and application downtime, and staff time costs for migration (see
Figure 4).
FIGURE 4
Five-Year Cost of Operations per Application
CapexLicensingOpexIT staff, managementUnplanned downtime, impactMigration staff time costs
$1,272,800
47% less$261,100
$336,200
$156,700
$134,000
$100,600
$173,400
$67,000
$336,300
$127,000$244,700 $15,000
Distributed environment Connected mainframe
($ p
er a
pplic
atio
n)
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
Notes: This figure compares the five-year average cost of operations for study participants versus the average cost of operations for a more distributed environment based on their experiences and
analyses. See the Methodology for assumptions.
Source: IDC, 2016
Distributed Connected environment mainframe Difference % Difference
Capex $156,700 $134,000 $22,700 14
Licensing $261,100 $336,200 -$75,100 -29
Opex $173,400 $67,000 $106,400 61
IT staff, management $336,300 $127,000 $209,300 62
Unplanned downtime, impact $100,600 $15,000 $85,600 85
Migration staff time costs $244,700 $– $244,700 100
Total $1,272,800 $679,200 $593,600 47
$679,200
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
One participant stated: “At the end of the day, our mainframe platform is very highly capable, so it’s
[about] looking at how can we leverage that capability and the manageability because we’re much
more efficiently managing the amount of resources we have on the mainframe than we do on the
distributed environment.”
Challenges/OpportunitiesThe dramatic regeneration of the mainframe has led to a complex mix of technological and
cultural dilemmas that businesses are still trying to sort out. Businesses that see mainframe as an
integral part of their entire infrastructure are well ahead, if they have executive support for their
vision. The business executives who would like to achieve the same, but are fighting a cultural war
with their colleagues on the distributed side or with executives who have an outdated opinion of
the mainframe as “legacy” or who relegate the mainframe to the trusted purposes it was built for
decades ago, will have a difficult time realizing the vision of the connected mainframe.
The greatest challenge for businesses with mainframes is justifying their future vision for the
platform in terms of costs and benefits, disentangling not only the years of value that the
mainframe has delivered but also the business benefits that new innovations can provide. IDC
believes that this is a tall order. What can be said, and this is where the opportunity lies, is that
businesses that embrace modernization, integration, and business innovation on the mainframe
have reported not only new revenue and reduced cost, as this study shows, but also a more
coherent future vision for how the business will benefit from a connected ecosystem.
Conclusion and IDC’s RecommendationsIDC finds that organizations can and do successfully drive DX with their mainframe and achieve
a compelling ROI. Adopters of connected mainframe strategy invested an average of $46 million
in new mainframe hardware, software, and tools to realize five-year discounted benefits of $201
million per organization and a five-year ROI of more than 300% with an average breakeven period
of 10 months. In addition, a few participants that considered or attempted migrations off the
platform ended up paying higher costs or even regretting their decision.
For the nine participants, the mainframe is an integral part of their hybrid IT environment. They
are demonstrating that the question is not whether or not the mainframe is part of the future
of IT, it is really about the fit-for-purpose of platforms. The mainframe excels at certain tasks, and
given proper transformation, organizations can realize the full potential the mainframe can offer.
Today, all nine participants are forging ahead in making the mainframe a highly efficient, revenue-
generating part of an open IT ecosystem.
At the end of the day, our mainframe platform is very highly capable, so it’s [about] looking at how can we leverage that capability and the manageability because we’re much more efficiently managing the amount of resources we have on the mainframe than we do on the distributed environment.”
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
IDC believes that for organizations looking to pursue a connected mainframe strategy, the technical,
business, risk, and cultural aspects must work in concert:
» The initiatives categorized as “modernization” and “integration” in this white paper and industry
adoption can serve as a guideline for the mainframe evolution.
» The organizations should foster knowledge sharing across their IT organization beyond the core
mainframe team.
» The organizations should focus their teams on the business outcome to gain stakeholder buy-in.
No platform in today’s datacenter represents the “secret sauce” for digital transformation. Rather,
each platform has its own role to play. IT’s task is to maximize the business impact of the entire
infrastructure, with disregard for old-fashioned cultural differences.
In conclusion, we believe that the time to pursue a connected mainframe strategy is now.
Businesses can tap into a broad range of new capabilities to potentially earn a strong return on
investment and competitive advantage.
AppendixDemographics and Mainframe Environments of Interviewed Organizations
The demographics of the interviewed organizations are highlighted in Table 3.
n = 9
Source: IDC, 2016
Firmographics of Interviewed Organizations Average Median
Number of employees 91,225 31,250
Number of IT staff 8,321 1,850
Number of IT users 89,444 31,250
Total number of business applications 3,595 1,400
Revenue per year $27.6 billion $11.4 billion
Countries United States, Germany, and Switzerland
TABLE 3
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
Table 4 reflects the scale of interviewed organizations’ mainframe environments and operations. On
average, the organizations have 14 mainframes running more than 300 business applications. All
interviewed organizations use their mainframes for significant transactional and batch operations
and are increasingly leveraging their mainframes to support web, mobile, analytics, and user-facing
workloads.
MethodologyIDC’s standard ROI methodology was utilized for this project. This methodology is based on
gathering data from organizations maintaining significant mainframe operations as the foundation
for the model. Based on interviews, conducted in 2016, with nine organizations that are running
important workloads on the mainframe, IDC performs a three-step process to calculate the ROI and
payback period:
» Measure the savings from reduced IT costs (staff, hardware, software, maintenance, and IT
support) and business impact (revenue) over the term of the investment compared.
» Ascertain the investment made in initiatives intended to modernize their mainframe platforms.
» Project the costs and savings over a five-year period and calculate the ROI and payback for the
investment in their mainframe platforms.
IDC bases the payback period and ROI calculations on a number of assumptions, which are
summarized as follows:
» Time values are multiplied by burdened salary (salary + 28% for benefits and overhead) to
quantify efficiency and manager productivity savings.
n=9
Source: IDC, 2016
Mainframe Environments of Interviewed Organizations Average Median
Number of mainframes 14 7
Number of terabytes 2,095 873
Number of applications 307 250
Number of MIPS 136,500 70,000
Utilization rate 73% 82%
TABLE 4
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
» Downtime values are a product of the number of hours of downtime multiplied by the
number of users affected.
» The impact of unplanned downtime is quantified in terms of impaired end-user
productivity and lost revenue.
» Lost productivity is a product of downtime multiplied by burdened salary.
» The net present value of the five-year savings is calculated by subtracting the amount that
would have been realized by investing the original sum in an instrument yielding a 12%
return to allow for the missed opportunity cost. This accounts for both the assumed cost
of money and the assumed rate of return.
Because every hour of downtime does not equate to a lost hour of productivity or revenue
generation, IDC attributes only a fraction of the result to savings. As part of our assessment,
we asked each company what fraction of downtime hours to use in calculating productivity
savings and the reduction in lost revenue. IDC then taxes the revenue at that rate.
IDC’s analysis of the benefits and costs associated with interviewed organizations’ connected
mainframe initiatives, which informs the results shown in Figures 1 and 2 and Tables 2 and 3,
includes the following:
» Investment costs in connected mainframe initiatives include incremental costs, including
the cost of new mainframe hardware and associated software and tools, and annual
maintenance fees.
» Benefits from connected mainframe initiatives include higher revenue (which is
recognized for the purposes of IDC’s model with a 15% operating margin assumption),
higher IT infrastructure and application developer productivity, and cost savings related to
mainframe licensing and power consumption.
IDC’s analysis of the benefits and costs associated with interviewed organizations’ use of
connected mainframe platforms instead of more distributed alternatives, which informs the
results shown in Figure 3, includes the following:
» Mainframe costs include the total cost of mainframe hardware with a five-year assumed
life cycle, annual maintenance fees for the fourth and fifth years, annual licensing
costs, power and facilities costs, IT staff time to manage and support the mainframe
environment, and the cost of unplanned outages in terms of lost employee productivity
and lost revenue.
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IDC White Paper | The Business Value of the Connected Mainframe for Digital Transformation
» More distributed infrastructure costs include the total cost of more distributed server
hardware with a five-year assumed life cycle, annual maintenance fees, licensing costs,
power and facilities costs, IT staff time to manage and support the more distributed
environment, the cost of unplanned outages in terms of lost employee productivity and
lost revenue, and the staff time cost involved with potentially migrating applications to a
more distributed environment.
Note: All numbers in this document may not be exact due to rounding.
Additional Customer Quotes» “Reaching new customers is the benefit that the business gets from all the new things that we’re
trying on the mainframe.”
» “We introduced new ebanking and we had growth of four times more traffic without any cost
impact (...). The new environment, the modernization, the new applications [on the mainframe]
have contributed to the firm’s overall revenue.”
» “The mainframe is core to our strategy for developing our core applications. We believe that
it will continue to be where we develop or extend any of our core applications to support our
business.”
» “From a pure business perspective, our mainframe is generating a lot more revenue than it used
to. We just completed an acquisition, and their mainframe platform is coming over to us and
be[ing] a huge revenue generator with those applications on the mainframe.”
» “The mainframe is still the most cost-effective platform we have both in terms of overall
reliability as well as the expense to run it.”
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