IDPT - 06 - Blow-Out Prevention System

8/17/2019 IDPT - 06 - Blow-Out Prevention System

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WELL CONTROL

IPM IDPT


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Hydrostatic Pressure

In w hich vessel is the hydrostati c pressure the highest

They are the same in all cases

BECAUSE


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Hydrostat ic Pressure is a function of verti cal depth and densit y

Hydrostat ic pressure in a w ell = 0.052 x TVD x M ud W eight


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6240 psi 7800 psi 5616 psi 6058 psi


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6240 psi 5616 psi

6000 psi 6000 psi


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Causes of Kicks

There are 5 major causes of kicks

1. Fai lure to f i ll the hole2. Sw abbing

3. Lost Ci rculat ion4. Insuf f ici ent mud we ight5. Loss of riser dri l l ing f luid column

But in al l cases it is because of hydrostat ic pressure < format ion pressu


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Kick DetectionA kick cannot occur w ithout a w arning sign or variations w ith return flow

Important warning signs are• Increase in return f low

• W el l f low ing w i th pumps of f• Increase in p it volume• Hole not t aking correct volume w hile POOH

Also consider• Dri l l ing BREAKS

• Decrease in pump pressure• Increase in pump strokes• Change in dr i ll ing f luid propert i


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Kick Detection Equipment

Increase in return f low – Flow showW ell f low ing w i th pump of f – visual or f low show

Increase in pit volume – pit volume tot alizers (PVT)Hole not t aking correct volume – Trip Tank

Drill ing Breaks – can be seen by dril ler or dril l ing graphs

Pump pressure decrease – pressure gauge

M ud pump speed – SPM gauge

Dril l ing f luid properties – detected by mud w atcher during testing


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Kick Detection Equipment

W hat is the most important piece of w ell controlequipment on the rig?

The Trip Tank


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Flow Checks

Involves physically checking the l evel of fl uid in the annulus

Flow check are to be done• Af ter dri l ling break

• Just before pul l ing bi t off bottom prior to a tr ip

• At the last casing shoe• Prior to pul l ing the BHA out of the hole

AND

ANY TIM E THERE IS A DOUBT


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Kick Containment

The size and severit y of a kick depends upon

• the degree of underbalance

• the format ion permeabil i ty• the length of t ime the w el l remains underbalanced

Any suspected kick should be shut in as fast as possible


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Shut in Procedures

Depends on w hich operation is taking place

Drill ing, t ripping, casing, etc

Depend on t he type of stack (surface or sub sea)


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BOP Equipment

Consists of 4 main components

1. The BOP stack

2. The accumulator uni t

3. The choke manifold

4. The ki l l l ine


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BOP Stack

The BOP stack is located over the w ell head and under drill fl oor in surface BOP’s

They might include

• Annular preventer• Pipe ram preventer

• Dri ll ing spool• Bl ind/shear ram preventer• Casing head housing

The stack is assembled i n many arrangements depending upon requirements


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BOP Stack


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Annular Preventer

Are available in dif ferent sizes, makes and pressure rati ngsAl l contain a steel reinforced rubber packing that close around tubulars


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Ram Preventers

Ram preventers close on the dril l pipe by moving rams f rom a retracted posit ionThey operate in pairs and seal the space below them w hen closed

They have openings that match the diameter of pipe for w hich they are designedAlso come in dif ferent sizes, makes and pressure ratings


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Ram Preventers


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Accumulator


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Accumulator Bottle

Bladder Assembly

Shell

Fluid Port Assembly


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Accumulator Sizing

PRECHARGE VOLUME ATACCUMULATOR

OPERATING PRESS

MIN OPER PRESS 200psi ABOVE

PRECHARGE PRESS

USABLE

VOLUME

- MOST ALL MODERN ACCULULATORS ARE 3000 psi WORKING PRESSURE

N

o n - F l a m m a b l e G a

s

1200 psi

1000 psi

A c c u m u l a t o r

F l u i d

3000 psi

A l t Si i


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Accumulator SizingSLB STANDARD

ECIFICATION:

Close all (rams and annul ar) functions and Open all HCRs valves

Open all (rams and annular) functions and Close all HCRs valves

Close AnnularOpen choke line remot e operated valve

he accumulat or volume of the BOP system sould be sized to keep a remaini ng stored

ccumulat or pressure of 1380 kPa (200 psi) orore above the minimum recommended

recharge pressure aft er conducting the

llow ing operations (w ith pumps inoperative):

TOP RAMS

BLIND RAMS

BOTTOM RAMS

ANNULAR

BOTTOM RAMS

1

65

32


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Accumulator Sizing

Calculation of Usable (Bottle) Volume

1.676.670Liquid Vol

10,00010,00010,000P x V

8.333.3310Gas Vol

120030001000Pressure

UseableOperatingPre-Charge

UV =6.67 – 1.67

UV =5

12 3

N o n - F l a m m a b l e G a s

3000 psi

1200 psi

1000 psi

A c c u m u l a t o r

F l u i d USABLE

VOLUME

A l t Si i


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EXAMPLE:

BOP Equipment: 1 Annular + 3 Rams +HCR Valve

Usable Volume (UV): = 133 Gal

Closing Volume (CV): 20 + (3 x 10) + 1 = 56 Gal

Nominal (Bottle) Volume (NV): 2 x UV = 266 Gal

Opening Volume (OV): 20 + (3 x 10) + 1 = 56 GalClosing Volume (CV): 20 = 20 GalOpen Choke Line Valve (OV): 1 = 1 Gal

Accumulator SizingSLB STANDARD


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Choke Manifoldn assembly of HP flanged f it t ings

everal lateral outletstt ached to the BOP stack w ith choke line

hoke helps to maintain back pressure

his prevents further inf luxhe fluid from w ell can be diverted

he choke is operated manuall y or remotely choke panel is usually on rig f loor


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1 2 3 4

5 76

8 9 10

11 12 13

From Choke line

Choke Manifold


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Inside BOPKel ly Cock or FOSV


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Inside BOPGray Valve


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Float Valves

SPECIFICATION:

Prevent sudden inf lux entry into the dril l st ring

Prevent back flow of annular cuttings from plugging bit nozzles

ither plain or ported f loats are acceptable

Float valves must be used w hile dril ling and opening hole prior to sett ingsurface casing or any time the posted w ell control plan is to divert and can

also be used in deeper sections of t he hole. They:


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From Choke I m p i n

g e m e n t

P

l a t e

Baffle Plates

1. Diameter and length controls theamount of pressure in separator

2. Height and diameter and internaldesign control separation efficiency

Drain Linew/Valve

Vent Line

No Valves!!

MUD

G A S

3. Height of ‘U’-Tube (D) and distance frombottom of separator to top of ‘U’-Tubecontrols fluid level and stops gas from goinout of the bottom

S

i p h o n B r e a k e r

D

d N o V a l v e

s ! !

Mud

Mud Gas Separator


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Mud Gas Separator


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Kill Line

At tached to the BOP stack

Usually directly opposite choke line

Used to pump fl uid into t he annulus to either

• keep hole ful l during losses• to keep balance w ith heavy mud


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To manifold

From Dowell Unit

1 2 3 4

5 76

8 9 10

11 12 13

From Choke line

To Poor Boy

essure Test Procedure

ake sure hole is full

ressure Test Dowell surface lines

lose shear rams

ll kill line valves open, all choke line valves open

essure Test Choke Manifold:

• 8 - 11 - 12 - 13 CLOSED

• 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 9 - 10 OPEN

• 5 - 7 - 9 - 10 - 12 CLOSED

• 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 6 - 8 - 11 - 13 OPEN

• 6 - 1 - 4 CLOSED

• 2 - 3 - 5 - 7 - 8 - 9- 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 OPEN

• 2 - 3 - 6 CLOSED• 1 - 4 - 5 - 7 - 8 - 9- 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 OPEN

- All Choke Manifold valves open

- Close choke line outside valve and pressure test

- Reopen Choke Line outside valve - END DOWELL

- Reopen shear rams

- Pick up 1 jt HWDP

- Close Annular

- Open Dowell valve

- Close Kill Line inside valve, close Choke Line Middle valve and pressur

test

- Reopen Kill Line inside valve, reopen Choke Line Middle valve

- Close Kill Line outside valve, Close HCR valve and pressure test

- Reopen kill Line outside valve, Reopen HCR valve

- Reopen Annular

- Close pipe ram and pressure test

All pressure tests 500 psi low, 1000 psi high, 5 minutesValves 1 and 4 on choke manifold only to 500 psi

BOP Test


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Testing BOP’s

Choke

Manifold

TOP RAMS

BLIND RAMS

BOTTOM RAMS

ANNULAR

BOTTOM RAMS

Kill Line

Wellhead

Test Pump

1

65

4

7

8

3211

10

9 12

1


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Testing BOP’s

Wellhead


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Testing BOP

Plug Type Tester

i


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Testing BOP’s

Choke

Manifold

TOP RAMS

BLIND RAMS

BOTTOM RAMS

ANNULAR

BOTTOM RAMS

Kill Line

Wellhead

Test Pump

1

65

4

7

8

3211

10

9 12

1

i O


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Testing BOP’s

Choke

Manifold

TOP RAMS

BLIND RAMS

BOTTOM RAMS

ANNULAR

BOTTOM RAMS

Kill Line

Wellhead

Test Pump

1

65

4

7

8

3211

10

9 12

1

T i BOP’


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Testing BOP’s

Cup Type Tester

Documents

IDPT - 06 - Blow-Out Prevention System