Ielts Writing Handbook

8/11/2019 Ielts Writing Handbook

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IELTS WRITING

HANDBOOK


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WRITING TASK 1 (app. 20 min)

STRUCTURE OF THE DIAGRAMGRA!H DESCRI!TION"

1. O!ENING STATEMENT (Dont copy the title of the

diagram. Instead write a comment about the general

trends shown. Dont mention specic details in the

opening statement. Say what the diagram/graph/chart is

about)

. GENERAL INFORMATION AND MOST SIGNIFICANT

TRENDS# focus on the most noticeable facts. Dont

mention your own opinion/position/con!ectures regarding

the data. "he information presented in the rst tas# must

be written from an ob!ecti$e/ impersonal point of $iew. %ou

dont need to include all the details of diagrams. &roup

only #ey information in a logical' rele$ant way.

. MORE S!ECIFIC INFORMATION AND E$IDENCE OF

SIGNIFICANT TRENDS#%ou dont need to ha$e a

classic* conclusion. +ust end your description bymentioning more specic information as well as e$idence

of signicant trends.

STRUCTURE OF %DESCRIBE A !ROCESS& TASK"

1. WRITE THE INTRODUCTOR' STATEENT ABOUT THE

!ROCESS 'OU ARE DESCRIBING (Decide whether theprocess has a start or end point or if it is a cycle).

2. WRITE 'OUR DESCRI!TION IN A LOGICAL ORDER B'

FOLLOWING THE !ICTURE AND USING THE

$OCABULAR' !RO$IDED (Include lin#ing words to help

se,uence your description)

. DESCRIBE THE ENDROUND#U! OF THE !ROCESS#

(-gain' dont write the classic* conclusion Describe theway the process ends/is rounded up)


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Wi*in+ in*,-/*, n*n/ (pian3 4,-ni5

6ni/a)"

Tp ,7 /5a* 48 -/ip*i,n

"he illustration shows the number of

graph illustrates the proportion of

pie chart presents information on

table contains data on..

E9amp:"

The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in

employment in 6 broad categories.

C,mpai,n (p,-3n3)"

0 to#u pr$og adat#a 2esto !e neophodno uporediti gra#ona' tabele ili fun#ci!e.

3e#e od fraa #o!e se #oriste prili#om pored!en!a su4

1. Describing !ust one part of the chart (5pisi$an!e samo !ednog delagra#ona). 3pr.4

The most popularcar colour is white

The second most commoncolour is red.


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. 6omparing two parts of the pie chart (7ored!en!e d$a dela di!agramapite*)4

Red is substantially

considerably

a lot more common

far than blue.

much

somewhat less popular

signicantly

slightly

8hite is a8,* *;i/ acommonared.

*5 *imapopular a red.

E9pin+


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rise

increase

grow

A-48 *5a* -/i8 5,; ,m*5in+ +,; (pi:,?i >3,3i ,pi3 >a>,

n@*, a*)"

rapidly dramatically sharply

moderately steadily gradually

E9amp:"

3ales increased slightly over the last few months.

$8 *, -/i8 -/:in"

fall decrease decline

drop

A-48 *, -/i8 -/:in"

slightly slowly rapidly

dramatically sharply gradually

E9amp:"


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3ales have decreased only slightly in the month of 4uly.

Wa *, -/i8 *n-"

T5 ;a; an p;a- *n-.

a -,;n;a- *n-

/*a*i,n

I* /*a*-.

E9amp:"

"n 4anuary there was an upward trend in the number of tourists

and it reached a pea/ in 4uly.W,- 7, 9pin+ app,9ima*i,n (R6i >,3ima ,pi3 pi8:in

4-n,*i)"

roughly nearly appro9imately

-round about !ust/well o$er

!ust/well under


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WRITING TASK 1# SAM!LE

1. 5oo/ at thegures fore7penditure oneducation in thediagram below.8sing the

information onthe countriesgiven in thediagram#describe the

changes in the levels of spending on education# in general terms and withspecic e7amples.

"he diagram compares spending on education in certain de$eloping countries in

two years' 1:; and 1:


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Specically the country where the reduction in spending has been greatest is

>oli$ia' where it decreased from ? per cent in 1:; to a little o$er 1? per cent in

1:oli$ia spent about a

third more than any of the other countries considered here. "anania also showeda large drop from 1; per cent to eight' one of the lowest gures in -frica.

Aar smaller drops of two or three per cent too# place in other -frican countries

li#e Benya' where almost ? per cent is still spent on education >ur#ina Aaso or

Corocco' both spending o$er fteen per cent while 0ganda #ept its spending

stable at slightly under fteen per cent. Calawi was not able to do this and

dropped by almost a ,uarter' to le$els only slightly ahead of >angladesh' now ten

per cent.

"he only countries able to re$erse this pattern are 5man and 7a#istan. 5mans

e9penditure is now up to ten per cent while 7a#istans is up to $e.

DISCURSI$E ESSA'# IELTS ACADEMIC WRITING TASK 2

W,- :imi*" min 20 ;,-

Tim" 0 min*

I INTRODUCTION 5,:- 5a4 *5 7,::,;in+ */* (2# n*n/)

1. Airst sentence is a general entry into the gi$en topic. Second sentence should narrow down on the essay ,uestion and

paraphrase it. "hird sentence should be your thesis

II BOD' 5,:- 5a4 # paa+ap5"

1. ach paragraph should introduce a new idea. 7aragraphs should be clearly separated from each other. %ou can emphasie that you are beginning a new paragraph not only by

di$iding the te9t but also by using lin#ing de$ices (rst' moreo$er' etc.).E. ach paragraph should ha$e the following structure4

T,pi/ n*n/F your main i-afor this paragraph


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Spp,*in+ a+mn* 1 (-*ai:)

Spp,*in+ a+mn* 2 (-*ai:)

Spp,*in+ a+mn* (-*ai:)

"he number or supporting ideas can range from F depending onthe length of the essay' rele$ance of ideas and of course' the time

limit that you should always #eep in mind Supporting arguments are rele$ant e9amples from your own

#nowledge or e9perience. "hey can be concrete facts' e9amples'details or accounts of your own e9perience.

GCC>G that sometimes the essay ,uestion might as# you todiscuss two opposing $iews on the sub!ect (e.g. pro and against theuse of computers in the classroom) plus state your own opinion. Inthis case it is best to split the body of the essay into threeparagraphs and de$ote one paragraph to each aspect.

III CONCLUSION 5,:- 5a4 *5 7,::,;in+ */* (2# n*n/)"

1. "he rst sentence can restate your thesis and paraphrase the topicsentences from the body of your essay

. %our last sentence can open up a slightly diHerent perspecti$e on the issueby raising a suggestion or gi$ing a prediction of some future trend forinstance

WRITING TASK 2# SAM!LE

(odern technology is transforming the way we wor/ and is of benet to all

of society.

It is true that modern technology is transforming the way we wor# but whether it

benets all of society is less clear. It depends what we mean by society' whether

we are thin#ing of people as indi$iduals or as a collecti$e.

Aor e9ample' the use of modern technology may cause a decrease in numbers of

people employed as some wor# is ta#en o$er by machines. "his can lead to

redundancy as !obs disappear and there is an increase in unemployment. -n

additional problem is that the !obs which disappear are often done by uns#illed

labour' while new positions created fre,uently re,uire s#illed operators.

@owe$er' modern technology has the potential to transform all of society. Aore9ample' a great deal more is produced on a farm with the aid of modern


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technology than the yields which are achie$ed without this help. It is therefore

clear that it pro$ides benet for us. 5n the other hand' some countries in the

"hird 8orld do not ha$e access to the latest technology. "his can ma#e the

diHerence between the de$eloping and de$eloped worlds bigger.

Codern technology used in medicine has two ad$antages. "here are now

impro$ed drugs to cure certain illnesses and technology has made it possible for

greater precision in surgery or better possibilities of reco$ering because intensi$e

care treatment is more sophisticated. "his aHects the way doctors and hospitals

do their !obs. >ut not all countries or e$en all people in some countries' can

aHord to ta#e ad$antage of these impro$ements.

In conclusion' I agree that a transformation is ta#ing place but I do not agree thatthis pro$ides benets to all of society. ; wordsJ

TO!IC $OCABULAR'

CHILDREN AND FAMIL'

>ring up' upbringing' relati$es' siblings' protecti$e' o$erF

protecti$e' strict' raise' rebellious' dependent' lenient' nurture'

family ties' to loo# li#e' to ta#e after

FRIENDS AND RELATIONS

-c,uaintance' admire' amiable' a lot in common' bond' on good

terms' see eye to eye' shared interests' supporti$e' fall out with

EDUCATION

-c,uire' enroll' fail/pass/ta#e/sit an e9am'graduate/undergradate student' super$isor' masters/7hD


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thesis' thesis defense' super$isor' graduate' to be

s#illed/good/bad at something' to ta#e a course

FOOD AND DIET

6onsume' balanced diet' eating disorder' fast food' !un# food'

genetically modied food' processed food' malnoursihed'

nutritious' nutrition' malnutrition' scarce' scarcity' obese'

underweight

HEALTH AND EERCISE

-cti$e lifestyle' aerobics' cut down' eating disorder' fall ill' go

!ogging' go swimming' in good shape' #eep t' lifestyle' loo#

after' on a diet' put on weigth' sedentary lifestyle' s#in

problems' ta#e up' slim

THE MEDIA

6ensor' censorship' !ournalism' !ournalist' broadcast' current

aHairs' editor' dumbing down' unscrupulous' in$asion of

pri$acy' paparai' celebrities' readership' reality "K' slander'

slanderous' honest' informati$e' gutter pressMO$IES AND THE THEATRE

-tmosphere' audience' belie$able' big budget' cast'

entertaining' e9citing' frightening' performance' plot' science

ction' soundtrac#' speciall eHects' terrifying'

MONE' AND FINANCE

6ost of li$ing' bro#e' discount' distribution of wealth'economical' economic' economie' e9orbitant' e9tra$agant'

frugal' income' mar#et' mortgage' o$erpriced' pension'

priceless' salary' unemployment' withdraw

NATURE AND THE EN$IRONMENT

-nimal rights' biodi$ersity' climatic change' biodegradable

pac#aging' contaminated' ecoFfreindly' endangered species'

en$ironmentally friendly' e9tinct' fumes' global warming'greenhouse eHect' greenhouse gases' natural resources'


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organic farming' oone layer' poaching' pollution' recucle'

renewable/sustainable energy' solar power' to9ic waste

ON THE ROAD

-ccelerate' congestion' crosswal#' drin#Fdri$ing' dri$ing test'

dri$ers license' intersection'o$erta#e' pedestrian' public

transport' pull in' pull o$er' rush hour' sidewal#' speed limit'

traLc !am

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOG'

-nalye' brea#through' disco$er' disco$ery' genetic

engineering' inno$ation' in$ent' in$ention' life e9pectancy'

technocrat' technophobe' nuclear engineering' ecientist'

safeguard

TOWN AND COUNTR'

-menities' apartment bloc#' commuter' commuter belt'

congestion' cost of li$ing' crowded' cultural e$ents'

depopulation' drug abuse' elds' inner city' li$ely' shopping

mall' melting pot' nightlife' outs#irts' peaceful' populatione9plosion' po$erty' residential area' rural' rush hour' slum'

stressful' suburbs' urban sprawl' urban lifestyle

'OUR HOME TOWN

-mentities' community spirit' demolished' en$ironment'

healthcare' historic' homelessness' !ob opportunities' local

customs' monuments' museum' neighborhood' neighbors'

par#s' peaceful' pedestrianied population' re!u$enated'reno$ated' rural' street crime

TRA$EL

-cclimatie' culture shoc#' cruise' customs' displaced'

ecotoruism' emigrate' emigration' !ourney' luggage' mass

tourism

WORK


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-d$erse wor#ing conditions' applicant' be made redundant'

blueFcollar wor#er' demanding' downsie' employee' employer'

re' 9ed income' Me9ible wor#ing hours' freelance' full time'

incenti$es' incenti$e scheme' income' !ob satisfaction' !ob

security' o$ertime' partFtime' pension' per#s' promotion' raise'selfFemployed' a steady !ob' stress' super$isor' unemployed'

unemployment' uns#illed' wor#aholic' whiteFcollar wor#er

Documents

Ielts Writing Handbook