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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 1

2. PURPOSE OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW ....................................................................................... 2

3. REVIEW OF THE DOCUMENTS AND SCHEDULE OF FIELD STUDY VISITS .............................. 2

4. WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLiCiES ....................................................................................... 3

5. REVIEW FINDINGS ON SCREENING AND ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES ....... 12

6. SPECIFIC FINDINGS .................................................................................................................. 24

7. CONCLUSiONS ........................................................................................................................... 36

Final Draft Report November 2010

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4\11.§fS I Environment

Independent Environmental Review of Road Links under the EPC Package

1. PROJECT BACKGROUND

The Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) is an initiative by the Public Works Department (PWD) of the Government of Karnataka (GoK), to undertake improvement of 4887.5 kilometres (km) of road comprising State Highways and major District Roads. These roads were selected on the basis of a Strategic Option Study (SOS) carried out in the year 2003. To facilitate this job, the Government of Karnataka has appointed Mis Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick (UK) and Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick (India) as Project Coordinating Consultants (PCC) to carry out the feasibility study for the road improvement. Based on the feasibility study, the GoK has selected 268.59 km of road for improvement under the proposed World Bank loan under KSHIP-II, EngineeringProcurement-Construction (EPC) package.

The 268.59 km road project has been divided into five contract packages. Each contract package is defined as route. Keeping in mind the length of routes for easy analysis and understanding of the various attributes, these have been broken into smaller links.

Table 1-1: Roads selected for improvement in KSHIP-II, EPC package

UnklD Description of Unk Length (km) Contract Package

67A Hoskote - H Cross (Hindgnala Cross) 23.50 WEP1

67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass (Corridor 65F Junction) 29.00

M7D Hanagal - Tadasa 43.50 WEP2

T8 Haveri (NH4) - Hangal 31.78

21B Dharwad - Saundatti 38.57 WEP3

13A Tinthni - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud - Devadurga 32.45 WEP4

13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 41.40

6C Chowdapur - Gulbarga 28.67 WEP5

Total length 268.59

NOTE: WEP; World Bank Engineering Package

The scope of feasibility study included preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EtA) Report on the roads selected for upgradation in KSHIP-II, EPC as per the Guidelines laid out by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) of the Government of India (Gol) and to meet the World Bank (WB) requirements as per its operational policy (OP) 4.01 .

Final Draft Report November 2010

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2. PURPOSE OF INDEPENDENT REVIEW

Purpose of this independent review is to carry out an independent evaluation of the environmental assessment (EA) work for the proposed project and to verify if the EA has been carried out without any bias or influence from the project authorities or engineering design consultants and to check if it has been able to influence the project design by mainstreaming the key environment and social issues.

3. REVIEW OF THE DOCUMENTS AND SCHEDULE OF FIELD STUDY VISITS

The professional Team of Ecosmart studied the documents provided by KSHIP in respect of all links mentioned above under EPC package. List of documents provided by KSHIP is given in Annexure I. Besides, Ecosmart Team traveled all road links to make field observations, to verify the reported information and also to have an independent opinion.

The schedule of filed study visits is given in Table below:

Table 3-1: Field Visit Schedule

S.No. Road Unk Date Visiting ProfeSSional Team

1. 13A 8July 2010 KSHIP-II: Mr. Nadaf

2 13B Mr. Kamaluddin

Mr. Nagesh

Ecosmart: Mr. Vijaya Krishna.D

Mr. G.K. Anand

3 6C 9 July 2010 KSHIP-II: Mr. Nadaf

Mr. Kamaluddin

Mr. Nagesh

Ecosmart: Mr. Vljaya Krishna.D

Mr. G.K. Anand

4 T8 21 September KSHIP-II: shasidhar 2010 Ecosmart: Mr. Vijaya Krishna.D

Mr. G.K. Anand

Mr. B. Pavan Gopal

Mr. K. Krishna

5 M7D 22 September KSHIP-II: Mr. Shasidhar 2010 Ecosmart: Mr. Vijaya Krishna.D

Mr. G.K. Anand

Mr. B. Pavan Gopal

6 21B 22 September KSHIp..II: chagi 2010

Fmal Draft Report 2 November 2010

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S.No. Road Unk Date Visiting Professional Team

Ecosmart: Mr. Vijaya Krishna.D

Mr. G.K. Anand

Mr. B. Pavan Gopal

7 67 A 21 October KSHIP-II: Rajashekar 2010 Ecosmart: Mr. Sateesh Babu

8 67B 21 October Mr. Vljaya Krishna. D 2010 Mr. G.K. Anand

Mr. B. Pavan Gopal

4. WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES

Out of the 1.0 environmental, social, and legal Safeguard Policies of the World Bank, four are applicable to this project. Each of these Safeguard pOlicies has been adequately addressed and has measures recommended. The four policies applicable to this project are listed in Table 1-3. Compliance with the World Bank Safeguard Policies is given in Table 1.-4.

Table 4-1: Environmental, Social, and Legal Safeguard Policies of the World Bank

S.No Policy Triggered?

YES NO

1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01,) J

2 Natural Habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04) x

3 Forestry (OP 4.36, BP 4.36,) J

4 Pest Management (OP 4.09) x

5 Cultural Property (OP 4.11, BP 4.11) J

6 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12 BP 4.12) J

7 Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10, BP 4.10) x

8 Safety of Dams (OP 4.37, BP 4.37) x

9 i Projects in International Waters (OP 7.50, BP 7.50) x

10 Projects In Disputed Areas (OP 7.60, BP 7.60) x

Final Draft Report 3 November 20 1 0

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Table 4·2: Compliance with World Bank Safeguard Policies

S. Safeguard Triggered by Not Triggered by Project Compliance to WB No. Policy Policies

1 Environmental Cumulative magnitude of · Comprehensive Assessment environmental and social Environmental and Social

(OP 4.01, BP impacts due to the project is Assessment was carried

4.04) to be environmentally sound out. EMPs and RAPs were and sustainable, and thus prepared for should lead to improved implementation of decision making. environmental mitigations,

corrective and positive actions

2 Natural . No endangered Habitats (OP species, ecological 4.04, BP 4.04) sensitive areas have

been observed in the impact zone (50m on either side of the road)

3 Forestry KSHIP II Project road link · Forest areas were

(OP4.36, BP sections envisage diversion identified; mitigation

4.36) of forest lands measures and corrective

• Near Veergot Village: actions have been included in EMPsfor

Link 13 A Thinthini - implementation. Devadurga in between km 1.200 and 1.500 both sides of area 0.5718 Ha

• Near Nandagudi Village: Link 67A (Hosakote-H (Hindgnala) Cross) in between km 16.030 to 16.190 LHS of area 0.24 Ha

· Near Konanakere (K) and Dasanakoppa village: Link M7D, Hanagal-Tadasa in between km 24.300 to 25.00 LHS and 25.100 to 27.000 both sides of area 0.875 Ha

4 Pest . Not triggered -Management (OP4.09)

5 Cultural • There are temples and · • Some of the cultural property shrines within the properties falling in the (OP4.11, BP corridor of impact and corridor of impact area 4.11) also in the influence will be Shifted out to

area. respective suitable

Final Draft Report 4 November 2010

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s. Safeguard Triggered by Not Triggered by Project Compliance to WB No. Policy Policies

locations by the contractor after consulting the respective local community. This will be dealt in the RAP.

• Some enhancement measures have been lined up according to the cultural property rehabilitation programme

6 Involuntary KSHIP II project envisages - • Comprehensive SA and Resettlement economic and social impacts R&R have been carried (OP4.12, BP caused by: out by EIA consultant 4.12) • relocation or loss of and a report on RAP

shelter, loss of assets or has been prepared.

access to assets, loss of • Relocation of such income sources or assets have been dealt means of livelihood, in RAP; further the whether or not the contractors have been affected people must advised to consult the move to another local communities location, the involuntary before undertaking the restriction of access relocation and

• Project affected people construction work at

(PAP) in this case are such sites.

7045 while the project affected families (PAFs) are 1290. Of the total PAFs, major impact is on 320 families and minor impacts on 957 families. Major impacts are where the PAF is either displaced due to the loss of house or has lost the means of livelihood, either agricultural or commercial.

7 Indigenous - According to the social -Peoples (OP assessment report 4.10, BP 4.10) and in light of letter

issued by the concerned department, Govt. of Karnataka, it is reported that there are no vulnerable tribes

Final Draft Report 5 November 201 a

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9

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Safeguard Triggered by Not Trtggered by Project Compliance to WB Policy Policies

(indigenous people as per the WB policy) in the project area, hence this policy is not triggered.

Safety of Dams - There are no dams -(OP 4.37, BP falling in the road 4.37) links proposed in the

EPC package. Hence this policy is not triggered

Projects in - The road links have no -International relevance to Waters (OP international waters. 7.50, BP 7.50) Hence this policy is

not triggered

Projects in - No disputed areas -Disputed Areas have been reported by (OP7.60, BP consultants and no 7.60) such disputed areas

were identified during the field visits, Hence it is not triggered

We understand that a consolidation of the EA and SA documents has been carried out addressing and filling gaps and deficiencies of the document. Ecosmart Team has carried out a thorough review of the documents provided by KSHIP and has also the same by conducting field study visits.

Salient findings of the review in respect of each stage of EA and SA reporting process are summarized in Table 1-5

Table 4-3: Independent Review Observations on Stage-Wise EA and SA Process

Stages of EA and SA As reported In EA and SA documents Observations of the Independent process Reviewer

Environmental and EnVironmental and social screenings . Environmental screening social screening have been carried out separately by criteria have not been included

considering the appropriate attributes. the social issues. Up on enquiry, it has been clarified that Social screening has been taken up separately, and that the relevant information was provided for review. Same information has been verified.

• Screening findings have been considered for prioritising the


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road links, for development

Baseline environmental • This Is an expansion project and not • It is given to understand that and Social status a new project. One sample for a the specific areas where the

corridor was collected. maximum pollutant

• A socio-economic profile of the concentrations are possible,

project area has been prepared have been Identified for

based on the Information collected locating the monitoring

from secondary and primary sources station.

and provides an overview, levels of • The monitoring stations In socio-economic development, etc., of different stretches have been all 8 road links consisting 268.59 km finalized after due of road where the project will be consideration of different implemented. environmental sensitive

• A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) attributes, in order to capture the overall baseline

has also been prepared separately information for the corridors. for the project, based on 100% Census/socio-economic baseline • However, it is felt that only one survey of PAPs sample per corridor may not

be adequate to represent the baseline status, as these monitoring locations might not be able to capture all natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution in the corridors, which otherwise would have provided the opportunities to ascertain the need for realignment or for drawing other specific mitigation measures.

• However, It has been observed that elaborated mitigation measures have been proposed all through the links, irrespective of the base line quality, which ensures requirement.

Identification of • Impacts due to the project have been • The direct impacts due to the Potential Impacts identified for all the three stages, viz proposed project have been

pre-construction, construction and adequately discussed In the EA operation stage. i.e., 50 m on both the sides of

• It covers the impact due to location, the road.

impact on biological component, • The SA process has identified regional utilities, sensitive locations, the impacts due to the project; agriculture and on human health and and the analysis of the same safety, etc. has been carried out, which

includes PAP, PAFs and the compensation, etc.

Final Draft Report 7 November 201 0

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Community consultation • The consolidated EA report has • Community consultation with and Public Disclosure structured and documented the the project affected and

Community consultation process. various stakeholders has been

• At various stages, the project carried out during various

affected and the other stakeholders stages of project.

were appraised/consulted, and with • Specifically to mention that their consensus alternatives have noise barriers were provided at been considered. all the sensitive locations

along the corridor of Impact.

• The consultation has been conducted using a common PROCEDURE across the links i.e., advertised in paper, relevant stakeholders participated, Photographs were taken, submissions have been documented and reported in EA/SA.

Analysis Of alternative As the whOle KSHIP-II project deals with • In KSHIP·II, the project alignments upgrading of the existing state highways alternatives in terms of

and since there is no new alignment location of alignment, options proposed except minor realignments to are limited as the project improve the road geometrics, the scope objective is to upgrade the of project alternatives is very limited. existing roads, except that a

few corridor links require change of alignments from congested locations within towns or major human settlements to avoid traffic congestion, air pollution, higher noise levels, and aCCidents, etc.

· New alignments have the social concerns such as acquisition of land. However, it has been reported by KSHIP-II Authority that land acquisition for the EPC package in respect of private land requirement has been completed. Whereas, the forest land acquisition is reported to be under progress.

• Mitigation Measures • Mitigation measures and designs • It has been noted that public have been suggested in EA report. concerns are well reported in

• Detailed BoQ and specifications have the EA and SA reports and

been worked out for the same to be were given due importance to

included in the EMPs, thus ensuring formulate the mitigation measures.


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implementation. • Mitigation measures have • Implementation arrangements were been proposed In detail.

further elaborated to ensure These measures are required restoration of livelihood to local to be complied by the people. Contractor.

• However, the KSHIP Authority may have to delegate adequate professional Team to supervise the compliance to the proposed mitigation measures. Besides, it is also suggested that independent external verification at certain frequency, i.e., once in 6 months, may be taken up for effective implementation and to find new mitigation measures, as deemed necessary due the associated developments.

• Mitigation of adverse social impacts such as restoration of income, loss of livelihood and property, assistance to vulnerable groups, etc., have been reported in the SA, same is to be ensured in accordance to the R&R policies.

Environmental • Site-specific enhancement designs • The EA has proposed positive Enhancements have been prepared for locations enhancement actions such as

identified during the primary surveys. beautification of selected Environmental enhancements have water bodies, construction of been proposed w.r.t cultural rest spots, small parks, properties, water bodies, bus stops, parking areas, bus bays; truck parking and community provision of useful reference resources. boards, maps of important

• Detailed BoQ and specifications are tourist spots, etc., will be undertaken depending on the

yet to be prepared for the same for space available inclusion in the EMPs in order to ensure effective implementation.

Implementation Training needs for environment and The implementation arrangements Arrangement social management units at both in the EMP have been addressed.

• corporate and field level have been • Senior level officials may get worked out .

trained at premier national institutions in the country and abroad.

• Middle level officers should be given regulatory training in


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implementation and monitoring protocols for national and local statues.

• Field level professionals shall under go appropriate skill development programmes

EMPs and RAPs • To ensure the implementation of • Package-specific EMPs give various mitigation measures generic measures for proposed, typical and site-specific implementation. designs with BoQ and specifications • Roles and responsibilities for have been built in the EMPs.

implementation have been • Environment and social performance identified.

indicators were identified. Monitoring · However the workload mechanism and Progress Reporting allocation and abilities of the

system has been prepared. professionals need to be ensured for effective implementation.

Final Draft Report 10 November2010

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Table 4-4: Review Findings on Regulatory Clearances

S. Regulatory Clearances As reported in EA and SA documents Observations of the Independent Reviewer NO.

1 Environmental clearance Environmental clearance was received for Environmental clearance was granted by Karnataka State category B for all 8 road links nos. 13A, 13B, 21B, . environmental Appraisal Committee as per MoEF EIA Notification, TS, M7D, 6C, 67A and 67B of the project. September 2006

2 Consent for Consent for establishment (CFE) to upgrade the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) has accorded the establishment existing highway was accorded by Karnataka consent for establishment (CFE) under the Water (prevention &

State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) for all eight control of pollution) Act 1974 and the Air (prevention & control of (8) road links. pollution) Act 1981.

3 Forest clearance Compensatory afforestation will be carried for • Forest land acquisition is not yet complete. As per Forest land to be acquired by KSHIP/PWD (Conservation) Act, 1980 (as amended in 1988) Clearance for

diversion of forest land is required for diverting the land/converting t~e landuse in three (3) road links, namely 67 A, T8 and M7D, which is reported to be under progress by KSHIP.

• It has been confirmed that forest clearance for cutting of trees for all eight (8) road links is In progress at various stages (Tree cutting by the Forest Department is under progress)

4 Air, Water Noise & Consent for Operation for all eight (8) road links Consent for operation for Air, Water, Noise and Hazardous Wastes Hazardous Wastes has to be obtained under the Environment Management and Handling to be obtained from KSPCB for all eight (Management and Protection Act 1986 from KSPCB before the (8) road links, in order to commence plying of vehicles. Therefore, Handling) Rules, 1989 commencement of vehicular movement, after the activity may be initiated at least three (3) months before

widening the roads. completion of the improvement of roads.

5 Land acquisition and Private land of 86.725 Ha has been acquired to • Acquisition of private land has been completed, as confirmed rehabilitation meet the requirement of EPC road project of 269 by KSHIP, to the tune of 86.725 Ha

km. Acquisition of private land is complete, total area acquired is 86.725 (Ha) • R & R policy is under Implementation

6 Licence for diesel storage • If the quantity of diesel exceeds 2500 litres, then licence has to be obtained from deputy chief controller of explosives, Karnataka. KSHIP may ensure compliance by the Contractor.

Final Draft Report II November 2010

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S. Regulatory Clearances As reported in EA and SA documents Observations of the Independent Reviewer NO.

7 Other clearances - • Other clearances required before construction such as permit for Installation of crusher, no objection certificate for batching plant, asphalt clearance, Installation of generators permission for extraction of boulder, Installation labour camps, etc., needs to be obtained, from the respective authorities.

5. REVIEW FINDINGS ON SCREENING AND ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES

S. Environmental and Issues addressed In the EA/SA Review findings NO. Social Issues

Screening Process t---

Techno-economic feasibility study & environmental and social 1. Environmental and • StrategiC option study (SOS-II) prloritlsed 4887.5 km of social Screening of screening were conducted to identify 4887.5 km of high state roads under KSHIP -II corridors priority of state roads In the SOS - II. KSHIP -II was

Out of 4887.5 km of state roads, 268.59 km of road links commiSSioned on first February 2006 to evaluate the • feasibility of various types of improvement works and to have been Identified for priority action. Thus an EPC establish a priority ranking of 268.59 km road links under EPC package has been considered for these 268.59 km. package. Secondary data has been sourced from data published by

the State Government of Karnataka. However, the primary data has been generated through corridor-speciflc Information available and through link specifll>fleld Investigations.

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2 Impact zone Primary data has been considered up to 50 m from the centre • Discussions regarding the consideration of 50m width for of the road on either sides, which is defined as Impact zone in the EA and SA have been carried out. As the moment eh the report. The valued environmental components (VECs) width Increases, the PAPs and PaFs may increase and present in the impact zone were considered as environmental corresponding sensitive features may increase. However, hot spots, viz forest, sanctuary, wildlife habitat, industry, lakes, it is opined that the consideration of up to 50m In dense irrigation tank, mangroves, schools, hospitals, canals, etc areas is justified as the first houses would act as barrier

for the next lane buildings, etc. Whereas, in areas where there are vacant lands and construction started after 50 m from the centre of the road, the exposure can stili be there, which are not captured.


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S. Environmental and Issues addressed In the EA/SA Review findings I NO. Social Issues

• As per the Govt. of India Guidelines for EIA studies, 500 m on either sides of the road or the distance as approved by the expert Committee, shall be considered for the baseline data collection.

• As the EIA clearance is already obtained, the distance criteria may not be applicable and hence the chosen width of 50+50 m may be endorsed.

• However, considering the 'mitigation measures' point-of-view, it may be kept in the background that the likely impact in case of vacant lands, on the immediate edge of the roads, can extend up to 500 metres.

3 Influence zone • Secondary data of the 7 km area from the centre of the • Design Consultant has considered the influence zone of 7 corridor (as available from the to po map and Google map) km on either side of the corridor. has been studied. There were no National Parks, and • According to the MoEF Guidelines for EIA study of Wildlife Sanctuaries identified within the boundary of 10

Highway Projects, 15 km of areal distance from the km from the proposed road link. boundary of the project road should be considered for capturing environmentally sensitive locations. As the clearance is already obtained, may be endorsed.

• GIS study/maps for at least the seven km influence zone area for verification are yet to be provided. I

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NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

A.A1R I

1 Baseline ambient • To establish benchmarks on the baseline environmental • AAQ monitoring is not adequate as only one sample was air quality (AAQ) status and to validate earlier surveys, an AAQ monitoring picked up from each corridor. Though the sensitive monitoring network has been worked out locations were kept in mind while deciding the location of

• Methodology for the monitoring instruments and samples as the number of samples are less, it may not represent the actual quality of air for examples in

techniques has been in accordance to the guidelines laid particular station Allocated on link 67 A results indicate

by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India. that the SPM and CO levels are much higher than the

• First row of receptors are those which would be prescribed standard.

Final Draft Report 13 November 201 a

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continuously subjected to traffic air quality impacts, • It implies specific mitigation measures at that specific therefore all monitoring was carried out at the first row of point need to be taken up for improvement. As such the receptors. extent and frequency of exceedance is also a cause for concern to suggest appropriate Interventions I.e., from simple traffic management, road improvement, further widening, etc to requirement of flyovers/realignments, etc, in general.

I It has been verified in this specific case at Ai station 67 A link, that auto garages were in operations, which could be potential source of CO emissions. Therefore necessary actions In this regard may be initiated

2 Location of air Monitoring stations were selected near sensitive locations such I Baseline was restricted to Right of Way (RoW) only. none quality monitoring as hospitals, cinema theatres, national highway (NH) junctions, of the samples were from the area of influence (7 km on stations. major intersections and areas surrounding stone quarries, etc., either side of road)

to establish baseline quality. • Only one sample from each corridor has been collected.

It is given to understand considering the similar landuse pattern, the no. of stations have been optimised.

• Monitoring stations in different stretches have given importance to different environmental sensitive attributes, in order to capture the overall baseline of the corridors.

• However, It is felt that only one sample per corridor may not be adequate to represent the baseline status, as these monitoring locations might not be able to capture all natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution in the corridors, which otherwise would have provided the opportunities to ascertain the need for realignment or for drawing other specific mitigation measures.

• It has been observed that elaborate Mitigation measures have been proposed aU through the links, irrespective of the baseline quality, which ensures requirement.

Final Oral! Report 14 November 2010

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3 Modeling for There will be continuous increase in the air pollution due to • No modeling for impact on Air quality during the life of prediction of increasing number of vehicles plying on these roads. It is the project was carried out. Impacts on Air difficult to predict the pollution level from each vehicle since • At least in congested/commercial areas and where quality the technology used in vehicles and the pollution control

known anthrapojgenic sources are likely to add air methods thereof cannot be known at this stage. It is however, pollution in the corridor. possible to assess the future pollution load on the assumption

that the vehicles using older technology would continue to ply. The same assumption has been used to estimate the unit load of pollutants emitted from different types of vehicles by the Indian Institute of Petroleum. Based on this factor, the current loads of vehicular pollution in the respective links of the project area for the year 2006 as well as those expected in 2012 were provided in EMP report.

B. WATER

4 Baseline status of Water pollution monitoring network has been established to • Baseline status of water quality established in the direct water resources validate earlier monitoring results for water resources influence zone of the project.

• It has been appraised that wherever artificial influence on water resource has been observed based on the physical observation and feedback from the local people the sampling locations have been identified.

• However, the number of samples is.restricted to only one in each corridor.

S Water quality EIA study proposes typical mitigation measures to minimize Water quality, in general, has not been reported as contamination of water sources during construction and significantly polluted. operation phases and has included them in EMP.

6 Impacts on Additional typical mitigation measures and enhancements community water prepared for the community resources to be impacted namely resources wells, small water storages and hand pumps, etc., located in

RoW, will be shifted out and also ground water recharge pits will be built along every link as given in the EMP


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S. Environmental and Issues addressed in the EA/SA Review findings NO. Social Issues

7 Water for • EIA estimates the average demand for water use due to Requirement of water for construction and operation purpose construction work proposed construction and the estimated impact on the has been reported. Whereas, the water availability in

water resources. different seasons, permissible water extraction at identified sources need to be ensured.

• A reporting mechanism has been prepared to keep a check on the water sources being tapped during construction to ensure that community sources are not exploited beyond their capacity.

C.NOISE

8 Baseline Noise • Noise monitoring network was established to monitor the • As per the Govt. of India regulations, the standards shall Levels existing noise levels and also to establish benchmarks be maintained at 100 m from the sensitive locations such

across the project roads. as schools, hospitals, Courts. There are many schools

• Noise monitoring was carried out at one location of each falling along the roads within the impact zone.

corridor as per CpeB guidelines to establish the baseline • Monitoring is conducted at only one location in a corridor. status. However, it is observed that noise barriers are

constructed at the schools for about 2 m height

• • KSHIP shall monitor the effectiveness of the noise barrier by monitoring the noise at all such sensitive locations, to take additional required mitigation measures, if any.

9 Modeling for • With the Introduction of new pavements, roads will be • Because of road widening, the no. of vehicles plying on prediction of Noise smoothened and widening of roads at congested locations the road are likely to increase, while the road gets impacts reduces the generation of noise during operation stage. smoothened, the net noise still is likely to have impacts

at the sensitive locations.

• Modelling exercises to determine the likely consequences of increased vehicular movement on roads, could have benefited the decision makers.

• In absence of such established modelling predictions, the burden on monitoring Increases. As such, the cost of monitoring is comparatively low for noise. Therefore, KSHIP shall take up regular monitoring of all the sensitive

. locations for noise, at higher frequen<:}' .


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10 Mitigation • Noise barriers have been designed for sensitive receptor • No modelling exercise has been carried out by capturing measures locations. The design, material, height and length of each the topographical features and the increased number of

barrier are estimated. vehicles and corresponding likely noise source.

• These locations have been identified based on proximity of • However, as mentioned noise barriers were considered the sensitive receptors (Schools and Hospitals) to the road along the road length at sensitive locations. traffic.

• Provision has been made for additional barriers identified during construction phase.

D. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

FLORA

11 Landscape plan Total number of trees to be felled in the project area is counted • Forest land conversion applications have been made to to be 20,532. the Forest Department. The Clearance in this regard is

• The Project Authority plans to plant 200 saplings per km. being pursued.

With this, the final number of plants in the project area • Common trees found in the project area have been listed, would exceed 50,000. there are about 78 species and the number of trees to be

• In some areas, the improvement of roads will result in the cut has also been ascertained in conformity with the

formation of "oxbow lands" all along the roads due to Forest Department.

suitable curve improvements and realignments. Tree • Landscape strategy for plantations along the road side planting all along these oxbow lands could be very useful has been planned. for the environment enhancement of the region. • Tree species suitable for plantation have been identified

in the respective EMP of the road link. It is opined that indigenous speCies plantation is a preferred choice to sustain the objectives of plantation.

12 Compensatory Compensatory afforestation will be carried out for land to be • Concurrence of the Forest department to the number of afforestation acquired against the loss of trees from the areas to be trees to be cut in the corridors has been achieved (Girth

acquired for road reserves. Accordingly, PWD shall carryout diameter as per the Forest Department has been plantations in an area double to that of the land area to be considered and numbers revised accordingly) acquired. This amount will be deposited with forest department. • Necessary clearance for cutting the trees are to be

obtained from the forest department in case of cuttill~ of

Final Draft Report 17 Noyember 2010

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all the trees.

13 Raising block Wherever extra land is available in the form of oxbow land, Any possible improvement for the environment including plantations and debriS disposal locations and any other leftover land, the EA greening shall be explored, during construction and even in amenities proposes to raise block by planting suitable speCies and the operation and maintenance periods.

develop this as small eco-parks fencing the entire area, also provide basic amenities such as toilets, benches and also pergolas, etc. depending up on the space available.

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FAUNA r--- ------ ------

14 Animal species • Presence of endangered, critically endangered and The road link 13 A, 67 A and M7D pass through the forest i.e.

threatened categories of fauna was not identified in the • Link 13 A Thinthinl -Devadurga in between km 1.200 vicinity of the project area. and 1.500 both sides of area 0.5718 Ha Near Veergot

• List of various species of fauna spotted in the vicinity is Village

prepared and same will be updated. • Link 67 A (Hosakote -H (Hindgnala) Cross) in between km 16.030 to 16.190 LHS of area 0.24 Ha Near Nandagudi Village

• Link M7D, Hanagal-Tadasa in between km 24.300 to 25.00 LHS and 25.100 to 27.000 both sides of area 0.875 Ha Near Konanakere (K) and Dasanakoppa village

• It has been reported that no endangered, critically endangered and threatened species are found in these three forest stretches (thus not triggering the WB policy on habitat).

• Road crossing of animals and possible accidents are a concern in general, even though the number of speCies is less In the areas. Mitigation measures may envisage safe passage provisions.

15 Wildlife There are no notified National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries • None of the proposed project road links of EPC, KSHIP - II sanctuaries and identified within the radius of 10 km from the boundary on pass through notified eco-sensitive areas like National National Parks either side of the proposed road links 67A, 67B, M7D, T8, 21B, Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries

13A, 13B, and 6C.


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S. Environmental and Issues addressed In the EAjSA Review flndlngs NO. Social Issues

• Soil samples are collected at 10 km intervals along the ensure that the noise levels have been reduced to meet

proposed project road including one each at labour camp the required standards.

and construction camp at a frequency of three samples • It is opined that 50% of the monitoring stations may be per year for 2 years. located at exactly the same pOints, where earlier

monitoring has been conducted and the remaining 50% may be kept at new possible sensitive areas. Thus, all the possible sensitive areas would be captured over a period of time, while optimising the cost of sampling and analysis.

20 Use of fly ash in • Fly ash utilization is limited in this project except for road Fly ash can be utilized in road links 13 A and 13B which are projects links 13 A and 13 B as other road links do not fall within within a 100 km radius from the thermal power plant.

the 100 km radius resulting in the increase of • Similar opportunities may be explored by KSHIP. transportation cost

21 EIA Budget • Bill of quantities (BoQs) for environmental management • Budget allocation for EMP has been proposed each link-action plan to be Implemented as per regulatory wise. requirements has been worked out in detail which will be • Institutional arrangement plan has been developed for implemented by government departments

accomplishing various tasks. • The budgetary provision for EMP has been worked out in • It is also opined appropriate that

two parts 1. BoQs to be implemented under civil works contracts 2. BoQ to be implemented by government • An independent recognised laboratory may be engaged department as per regulatory requirements for monitoring purposes.

• Institutional arrangements have been proposed to achieve An Independent environmental form may be engaged to

desired quality in the project during implementation of review the status of compliance and to suggest the additional

various project components by GoK to meet the World mitigation measures that are to be taken-up over the time

Bank safeguard policies due the consequential development at certain locations.

• An independent environmental reviewer will carry out the environmental monitoring during the design and construction phase, whereas KSHIP with the help of various Institutional arrangements will carry out the

t--- ------- envlroll,!!~ntal,!!onitoring during operational stage -----

G. SOCIAL ISSUES

Final Draft Report 20 November2010

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22 R&R Budget • A detailed structure for the RAP budget has been worked • Individual RAPs have been worked out including the

I

out, wherein all the entitlements/assistance provided for Resettlement budget. in the R&R policy for the project have been considered.

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23 Public consultation • Consultation process during pre-feasibility, feasibility and • PubliC Consultations have been carried out for all the environmental assessment stage has been conducted with links, at various stages. the objective of involving local communities and other • The issues raised during the consultations have been stakeholders' institutions improving the technical,

addressed right from the project planning stage. economical efficiency and also for achieving their effective/constructive participation and acceptance to the project.

• Some of the issues discussed during consultation process are: provision for parking areas, bus bays, realignments, drainage, road user safety, road side tree planting, solid noise barriers to alleviate noise generated from the traffic near schools and hospitals, etc., provision for footpaths, speed breakers, sign boards, dust control measures, minimising tree cutting and proper compensation paid to be PAPs

24 Safety issues • Provision for periodic health check-up will be included in • Safety of people during various stages of project the EMP. The first health check-up will be carried out prior implementation has been addressed in EMP to induction of the personnel into the construction works. • Contractor is responsible to take necessary measures and Similarly, the last health check-up will be carried out prior

precautions to ensure health, safety and welfare of all to the discharge of the personnel from the construction works. (as per Annexure - 4 to Form-i)

people working for the project at site.

• Adequate transport facility will be available for moving • Training programmes have been designed for various operations in EMP.

the injured persons and those having medical emergency to nearby hospital.

• GUidelines for various equipment and operations have been provided in EMP. • Health check-up of workers during construction will be

included in EMP; however, the coverage of resultant medical treatment, if any, has not been discussed.

• Provision for a safety officer and availability of qualified


JAII..6FS I Environment


S. I Environmental and NO. Social Issues

25 Highway Diseases

26 Gender Issues

Final Draft Report

•

Issues addressed In the EA/SA

As an effort towards creating awareness and prevention of HIVjAIDs, the PIU will have to get in touch with the State level organizations or NGOs working in this sector to spread awareness along the project roads.

• Guidelines for Discussion with Truckers are: • General Discussion • Guidelines for discussion with representative

Construction workers • Guidelines for discussion with representative of

Organizations providing Health Care to Truckers • Guideline for discussion with Doctors (both for private

and government run health facilities along the highways)

• Guidelines for discussion with Commercial Sex Workers etc.,

• Consolidated RAP has worked out special provisions for the households headed by women to be impacted due to the project.

• Women, as a segregated class, are not involved in any economic activity of this area. To ensure that women are secure in receiving payments, all benefits will be provided

22

Review findings

doctor may be ensured.

Established internal permission system for handling critical operations of contractor may be ensured.

• The Contractor may maintain the record of trainings Imparted for the workmen who are likely to be involved in critical operations.

• The quality of safety equipment/personal protective Ci£l>lIances may be ensured frequently.

•

EIA has addressed the issue of HIVjAIDS disease commonly found in highway dwellers.

Guidelines have been prepared for creating awareness to truck drivers and various other people involved.

• The base RAP reports have addressed the gender issue and collected the baseline data.

Women requested for community toilets and sufficient sources of drinking water. Funding for this has been provided in the budget under the title - "Group entitlements",

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in joint account where women will be the first beneficiary accounts.

27 Safety in Human • By pass/realignments have been proposed for villages and • Safety measures have been built in for human habitat Habitat Crossing towns with heavy built-up areas. while crOSSing roads. roads

• Raised footpaths with sufficient width have been proposed in villages and towns

• Pedestrian zebra crossings have been proposed at hospitals, schools and market places. Rumble strips have been suitably proposed at these locations as a traffic calming measure.

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28 Socio-economlc Various environmental enhancement measures should be • It has been reported that development of selected water and enhancement considered to increase the aesthetics of road links such as bodies, construction of rest spots and small parks, measures beautification of selected water bodies and construction of rest parking areas, bus bays and rain shelters, etc., will be

spots, parking areas, bus bays, rain shelters, bio-parks and undertaken depending on the space available. valley view points in terrain regions and median plantations in • Enhancing the environmental aesthetics at regular urban locations with arboriculture.

intervals is a desirable development. KSHIP may like to explore the further possibilities, in this regard.

Fin.1 Draft Report 23 No.em""r 2010

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6. SPECIFIC FINDINGS

Final Draft Report

• Majority of the EPC road links had environmental, social, resettlement and rehabilitation issues such as forest land acquisition, realignment, low lying areas, flood prone areas, densely populated areas, tree cutting, relocation of community properties, private land acquiSition, etc. Wherever these issues are triggering, all relevant mitigation action plans have been proposed in respective EMPs to reduce the antiCipated impacts.

• Acquisition of forest land for the project is at different stages of process.

• There are 16 locations in 8 links where realignments have been planned to improve irregular sharp curves with inadequate sight distance to improve the negotiating ability (curve smoothening) of vehicles to achieve up to designed speed and avoid accidents.

Project Team has carried out the physical survey of all the 8 road links of EPC package in association with KSHIP II officials. The field visits were coordinated by Mr. Nadaf, Executive Engineer (EE) KSHIP II. The Project Survey Team from KSHIP included the following officials:

Mr. Bulla, EE Mr. Kamaluddin

• Mr. Srinivas • Mr. Nagesh • Mr. Shyam Sunder • Mr. Rajkumar • Mr. Shashidhar • Mr. Chagi • Mr. Narayan • Mr. Naik • Mr. Kulkarni • Mr. Bellari

The Project Team discussed with concerned stake-holders during the field visits. Some Photographs are placed for ready reference.

24 November 201 0

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Meeting with World bank, KSHIP and EIA consultant officials General meeting with KSHIP Officials

Field Observations - 1 Field Observations - 2


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The specific field observations are as follows:

a) Forests

The road links passing through forests are:

• The road link 13 A, 67 A and M7D pass through the forest and the chainage given below Link 13 A Thinthini -Devadurga in between km 1.200 and 1.500 both sides of area 0.5718 Ha Near Veergot Village

• Link 67 A (Hosakote -H (Hindgnala) Cross) in between km 16.030 to 16.190 LHS of area 0.24 Ha Near Nandagudi Village

• Link M7D, Hanagal-Tadasa in between km 24.300 to 25.00 LHS and 25.100 to 27.000 both sides of area 0.875 Ha Near Konanakere (K) and Dasanakoppa village

Forest land and diversion application have been submitted to forest department by KSHIP authorities, it is reported that these apllicationa are under process at various stages.

There are 16 locations in all the 8 links where realignments have been planned to improve irregular sharp curves with inadequate sight distance to improve the negotiating ability (curve smoothening) of vehicles to achieve up to designed speed and avoid accidents.

Seeking clarifications on realignment for avoiding sharp curves


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Observation of Sharp curves and erosion prone area

Floa! Draft Report

b) Bridges:

There are three major bridges:

i) 138 m long built on River Varada on link T8 ii) 128 m long Hire Halla Bridge on link 13A and iii) 60m Bridge on link 6C.

These bridges enhances the drainage system across the project roads and prevents them inundating and runoff problems

Widening of existing culvert

27 November 201 0

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FmaJ Draft Report


Existing congested sharp curve bridge (Red) and constructed new bridge (Green)

c) Noise barriers

Construction of site-specific brick-walled cement plastered solid noise barriers are in progress in all the 8 links at various locations near schools, hospitals and primary health centers, etc., which are likely to be affected by vehicular noise. Additionally, a thick layer of green plantation will also be installed along with the noise barriers which will not only act as sound barrier but also filter vehicular air emissions.

The entrance gates are often an exception for the construction of the noise barriers. Efforts must be made to see that noise standards are met and appropriate changes of entrance may be pursued .

28 November 2010

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Final Draft Report

Seeking clarifications on Noise barrier construction at sensitive location

Constructed noise barriers recommended for avoiding short-circuits in the noise barriers - entrance gate provided In between noise barriers (yellow)

29 November 2010

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Final Draft Report


d) Religious places

It has been noted that new Temples in place of existing near road temples, and new bus stops, and community assets along the project road, are being provided. KSHIP has reportedly come up with a very harmonious procedure for shifting of such assets to respective safer location not interfering with the alignment after due consultations with the communities involved. Some of these captured pictures are shown below:

ExIsting shrine (Red) and relocated shrine (Green)

existing Bus stop (Red) and relocated bus stop (Green)

30 November 2010

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ExIsting Temple (Red) and relocated temple (Green)

existing community property - Bore well In corridor of Impact (Red) and relocated to out of corridor of impact (Green)

Frnaf Draft Report 31 November 2010

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Final Draft Report


e) Existing Tree to be cut

There are 20532 trees accounted so far, which will be impacted due to widening of roads. These are mostly confined to the existing RoW. Tree cutting is in progress. To compensate this loss of trees, KSHIP has planned sapling plantation programme at the rate of 200 sapling per km i.e. 100 saplings either side of the road per km.

existing Trees In corridor of Impact

Progress of Tree cutting work -1

32 November 2Q10

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Final Draft Report


F) Public consultation

IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd professionals attended a Public consultation meeting conducted on 8th July 2010 at Devadurga and on 9th July at Gabbur 'B Village. This consultation is intended for 13A, 13B and 6C road links.

Public consultation process-1

Public consultation process-2

34 November 201 a

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Final Draft Report


Mr. Mushtaq Nadaf, EE, KSHIP II started the meeting in local language (Kannada) and explained environmental, socio-economic impacts and mitigation measures of the project in detail and also invited views of the participants and provided clarifications. The meeting ended smoothly and proceedings are recorded.

G) Agricultural fields

During the survey of this road project, it has been observed that most of the length of road links has agricultural fields on both the sides producing crops such as paddy, sugarcane, sunflower, jowar, maize, cotton, pulses, etc.

Agricultural Crops along the road - Paddy crop

35 November 2010

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Agricultural Crops along the road - Sugarcane

7. CONCLUSIONS

Final Draft Report

1) The EA and SA for the road links falling under EPC package of KSHIP-II conform to the applicable triggered World Bank safeguard policies. The specific observations on process of EA and SA; and concerned environmental and social attributes are summarized in Tables form, in this report.

2) KSHIP-II obtained required environmental clearances to start the construction. requirement-specific status of clearance is summarized in Table 1-6.

3) It is expected that KSHIP-II would continue to obtain some of the pending regulatory clearances which are required stage by stage during the implementation of the project and conform to all the regulatory requirements mentioned in the Annexure-II. It is needless to mention that effective implementation of the safeguards in the field is key for sustained development.

4) The DPR and EAjSA propose 16 re-alignment stretches in EPC package, for which RAP has been prepared for implementation.

36 November2010

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ANNEXURE -I LIST OF DOCLIMENTS PROVIDED BY KSHIP

•

•

• Documents reviewed are:

1. Feasibility study Report volume I and Volume II

2. EIA & EMP reports of both EPC package road links

3. Plan and profile drawings of links

4. Utility relocation and tree cutting plan drawings

5. Environmental clearance letters

6. Sample R&R and SIA reports

7. Proceedings of public consultations

8. Existing & Proposed RoW details

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•

•

•

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ANNEXURE II REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

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•

NATIONAL - KEY ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS & POLICIES

Constitutional Provisions like Article 48 and 51-A (g) and 74th Amendment to the Constitution, serve as principal guidelines of environmental protection. In addition to the above, a few more Regulations, Acts, Policies are applicable to ensure the sustainability and environmental protection, which are listed below:

1) The Indian Forest Act, 1927

2) The Karnataka Forest Act, 1963

3) The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (as amended in 1988)

4) The Forest Conservation Rules, 1981

5) The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

6) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

7) The Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974

8) The Air (Prevention and Control) Act, 1981

9) The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989

10) National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

11) National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997

12) EIA Notification, September 2006

13) The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act 1958

14) Town and Country Planning Act, 1976

15) The Motor Vehicles Act 1988

16) Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 etc.,

The other guidelines and norms related to road construction by Indian Road Congress that help for environmental protection include, IRC: 104-1988(Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highway Projects), IRC: 36-1974(Recommended practice for treatment of embankment slopes for erosion contrOl), IRC: 10-1961(Recommended Practice for Borrow pits for Road Embankments Constructed by Manual Operation.), IRC: 36-1970(Recommended Practice for the Construction of Earth Embankments for Road Works), IRC: 43-1972(Recommended Practice for Tools, Equipment and Appliances for Concrete Pavement Construction, IRC: 72-1978(Recommended Practice for Use and Upkeep of EqUipment, Tools and Appliances for Bituminous Pavement Construction etc.

•

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APPLICABLE NAJIONAL POLICI ES

There are 10 National policies to address various issues relating to the exploitation of natural resources and other environmental issues. The applicability rating is direct and indirect as provided in Table below:

Applicable National Guidelines

Applicable Year Objective

National Environmental Policy 2006 Sustainable Development

National Water Policy 2002 Conservation and management of water resources

Policy Statement on 1992 National Policy on the Pollution Abatement of control and prevention

Pollution,

National Conservation Strategy 1992 Strategy for development taking and Policy Statement on environmental concerns in to Environment And Development account in our development

process

National Forest Policy 1998 Conservation and management of forests, wildlife sanctuaries etc

National Rehabilitation and 2005 All social issues relating to land

Resettlement Policy acquisition resettlement and rehabilitation

National River Conservation 2001 For the conservation Plan management of issues relating to

(NRCP) rivers

National Lake Conservation For the conservation Plan management of issues relating to

Lakes

Wildlife Conservation Strategy, 2002 For the conservation management of issues relating to Wildlife

National Wildlife Action Plan 1982 Addresses the need of conserving the nations biodiversity and emphasizes requirements of evolving prescriptions for management of multiple use areas which provide for wildlife habitat needs and forest products

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ANNEXURE III GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

•

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GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

I. This report has been organized by taking the information from KSHIP-II, MIs Seott Wilson Kirkpatrick (India), field Investigations, Seeondary Information such as literature Review and with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the contract with the client.

2. This report is confidential to the client we accept no responsibility of whatsoever nature to other parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk. In particular, IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd gives no warranties as to the accuracy of the content or its fitness for your purposes, or that the content does not infringe third party rights. IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd does not accept any liability for error or omission in the content.

3. IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd (Ecosmart) is not responsible for how the content is used by the client or by any other party, and shall not be a party for the legal disputes, what so ever, in this regard.

4. Under no circumstances will IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd be liable for any losses or damage (whether foreseen, foreseeable, known or otherwise) including, but not limited to: (a) loss of data; (b) loss of opportunity; (c) loss of business; (d) loss of revenue or anticipated profits; (e) loss of goodwill or injury to reputation; or (1) losses suffered by third parties however arising (including under negligence).

5. The report has been organized for the scope of work mentioned in the contract only. If any additional study is required the same shall be carried by charging extra as per mutual written concurrence.

6. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the contract entered with the client.

7. No Warranty/Guarantee. Reeommendations, opinions, and decisions by Ecosmart are made on the basis of IL &FS Ecosmart experience, qualifications, and professional judgment and are not to be construed as warranties or guarantees.

8. IL &FS Ecosmart makes no warranty or guarantee, express or implied, regarding the work to be provided under this agreement. Under no circumstances, will Ecosmart provide any guarantees or certifications. Any language in this report which implies that Eeosmart will guarantee or certifY the environmental condition of impact zone is void and shall have no effect.

9. Force Majeure is herein defined as any cause which is beyond the control of Ecosmart or theKSHIP-II as the case may be, which they could not foresee or with a reasonable amount of diligence could not have foreseen and which substantially affects the performance ofthe contract, such as:

- Natural phenomena, including but not limited to floods, droughts, earthquakes, exceptionally adverse weather conditions, lightning, cyclone, volcanic eruption, landslide and epidemics.

- Acts of any Government, domestic or foreign, including but not limited to was, invasion, armed conflict, military action, declared or undeclared priorities, quarantines, embargoes.

- Disruptions including but not limited to fires, explosions - Riots and civil commotions

- Terrorist act

- Such change in law of republic of India or the state of Punjab, which makes the performance of the obligations of a party illegal or impossible. Provided either party will with in fifteen days from the occurrence of such a cause notifY the other in "'Titing of such causes.

- Ecosmart or the client will not be liable for delays in performing their obligations resulting from and only to the extent applicable and necessitating rescheduling (if any) of the balance critical activities to any Force Majeure cause as referred to and! or defined above.

10. Services - It is understood and agreed that the services performed under Agreement are within the purview of applicable laws.

II. Disputes - All disputes between the Parties arising out of this Agreement shall be first discussed and settled amicably between the parties.

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IAII§fS I Environment IL&FS Ecosmart Limited

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Hyderabad - 500 016 Ph: + 91 40 40163016 ~

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