MY VISION FOR INDIA BY DR .A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM

SYNOPSIS :

Introduction Dr.Kalam’s Vision For India: Freedom Comparison between the media of Israel and India Dr.Kalam Blames India Milestones of Dr.Kalam’ss Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:

DR.A.P.J. Abdul kalam was born on 15th October in 1931.He is an eminent scientist and engineer. He was the eleventh president of India. He was a renowned scientist. India is an old civilization and extremely complex society. His major focuses the youth. He believes that the youth are capable of taking India to great height. Dr Kalam has three vision for India.

Dr.kalam’s vision for India:

Freedom

His first vision for India realized its importance early in 1857. Indian has to be protected, nurtured and built upon in the years to come.

Development:

His second vision is development. According to Dr. kalam, Indians still lack confidence. It is up to us to make India , a self-developed ,self-reliant and self-assured country.

Strength:

The third vision is imported to see India must stand up to the world “only strength respect strength”. India must be strong both as military power and as economic power.

Comparison between the media of Israel and India:

Dr.Kalam compares the media of Israel with that of India. It talks about the achievement of their countries whereas in India “ the media only talks about death sickness, terrorism and crime”. He wants India to recognize the strength and achievements. He wants Indians to be responsible and not to blame the government.

Dr . kalam blames India:

He blames Indians for being lazy. The reason such as

1.Dr.kalam’s view that Indians react differently to rules in India compared to those in countries like Singapore or elsewhere.

2. When New York becomes insecure they run to England or to the Gulf.

3. Everybody is out to abuse our country: Our conscience is mortgaged to money.

4. When those are abroad they obey the rules because they will be punished or fined.

5. They pretend that their law-abiding citizens before the eyes of the foreigners. But once they think that everybody does it and so they behave irresponsibly.

Milestones of Dr.kalam’s:

Dr.kalam talks about his four milestones is they are

1. His first milestones is the Twenty years he spent in ISRO, where he was the project director for India’s first satellite launch vehicle, SLV3.

2. The second milestone is joining DRDO where Agni met its mission requirement in 1994.

3. The third one is the partnership of the department of atomic Energy and DRDO.4. The fourth milestone of Kalama’s when his team made floor reaction outhouses 300

gram calipers for the children in Nizam institute of Medical science.

Conclusion:

Dr.kalam expects every Indians to be responsible and self-reliant. We should realize that ours is already a developed country. He wants every Indians to contribute

and improve the system. We must learn to respect the law and do our bit.

2. Computeracy By Peter Lurie

Synopsis: Introduction Computeracy Comparison between motor cars and computers Computer industry The human races (computing) Conclusion

Introduction

Peter Lurie was born in 1937, at UK. He holds a dual citizenship of both Britain and America. He computeracy is one of the popular pieces. The computer industry has grown rapidly and which is becoming cheaper.Because the technology is growing fast.

Computeracy:

1. Revolutions2. Myth3. Legend4. Computer culture There have been many revolution is recent years, including once in the information processing. It is changing the way to live.

Revolutions:

There have also been revolutions in industries, railways, electricity, flying, radios and television. But the computing is just one step ahead of others. Yet the machines invented in these fields have saved time and energy.

Myth

The author disposes the myth that there is nothing magical about computers or the users. They are after all normal human beings.

Legend:

A legend about computers that does the round is that they are electric brains and the men who run them are supermen. It is not so.

Computer culture:

The computer culture is rich and complicated. This is because in order tounderstand today’s micro computers one need some prior knowledge of what happened earlier.

Comparison between motor cars and computers:

The computers and motor cars are similar. They have become more reliable and comfortable. The computer world is like the world of “high fashion”. They want to make the world more exciting and profitable. The industry has attracted millions and provided them with jobs, once earn a lot, for example the two youngsters of Apple computers. As the whole world is being computerized there is potential for abundant growth.

Computer industry:

There is no argument about the rapid development the computer industry has brought about. Our young and competent engineers and technologists have found the means of making easy money by working for multi- national companies. But the culture of these youngsters with a lot of money in their hands is going to the drugs with the new- found wealth, they become drug addicts. A large number of boys and girls, with multi- skills in computing are exploited by those greedy out sourcing companies. Indeed the sordid state of affairs in the computer industry.

The human races: (computing)

The computer industry has entered all walks of life. It has given millions, of jobs to the youth across the world. It has revolutionized the field of information and communication technology. The salaries of computer professions have gone very high and lifestyles have changed. The computer revolution has also paved the way for the growth of big industrial hubs of activity. Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai have expanded enormously.

Conclusion:

The computing is not only a simple step. Which that a sea changes have come everywhere. Because the world became a global village.

3.ARE THE RICH HAPPY By Stephen Leacock

Synopsis:

o Introductiono Rich thingso The rich really crampedo Differences between the rich and the pooro The poor people o Conclusion

Introduction

Stephen Leacock was born in 1869, England. He became a citizen of Canada. He was a professor of political science and Economics at Magill University. His essays are humours and satirical. In this essay, Stephen LeacockMulls over the lives of the rich people. He says that the rich are not happy. They really hard up.

Rich things:

The rich people are always in need of money. They even complain that they are not able to keep up with the rich. They may employ fifteen servants,drive in Luxurious cars and eat good food; they go to the opera and own a house. Leacock criticise the rich for making complaints with all their wealth. They say that they have a lot of problems. The rich people have to catch up with the wealthy society.

The rich really cramped:

The rich are not really cramped. Because, they already have enough. But they want more money to catch up with the rich. They imagine things and complain about everything . For example they even say that wealth is a burden.

The writer’s friend:

He had an income of 50,000 dollars a year a from the legal profession. But he could not keep with the rich wealth. According to Leacock, seemed to be a burden.

Another friend of the writer Mr. Spugggrumbled and told the author that the more the wealth. He made the more burdens it become. He was happier when he did not have enough money the reason is he spends money carelessly.

Differences between the rich and the poor (with regard to the money)

The rich consider wealth as a burden. But the poor do not complain of their poverty. The rich always want more but become bites.

The poor lead a contented life. They do not bother even if the share markets crash. But the rich complain even if the servants don’t turn up for work.

The poor people:

The people do not react to economic instability. There is a crash in the economy they do not worry about it. Infect, they spend their time watching movies when their economics low downs. The poor are not really poor. Even though they may not have enough money to buy a car or own a house and they are happier.

Conclusion:

According to Leacock the rich suffer perpetually from money troubles. The poor never mind the imbalance of trade or the fall of the stock market. So in this extract from the essay ‘Are the rich happy’, Leacock wonders whether the rich are happy.

4. I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS By Maya Angelou

Synopsis:

Introduction The significance of the poem The black race The caged bird and the free bird The plight of the Afro- African Conclusion

Introduction:

Maya Angelou was born in1928. She is an influential poet, educator, actress and film – maker. She was interesting in eaching and travelling. Her writing based on the faith of the traditional African, Americans.

The significance of the poem:

The title is significant. The poem “I know why the caged bird sings” stands for the black race. America denied them the freedom because of the colour of their skin.

The black race:

1. The black are slowly overcoming the dominance of the white race.

2. Their blackness stood as a barrier for the black race.

3. Tradition and racial discrimination gave the white men and women.

4. a lot of hope and prosperity while the black people remained as slaves

5. They did not get equal opportunities.

The caged bird and the free bird:

The poet refers “that the blacks are caged birds and the whites are free bird”

The image of the caged bird stands for the Africans who are enslaved by the Americans.The caged bird sings with a “fearful trill”. This is expressed by the imagery of one bird being caged. Its wings are clipped. Its feet are tied, so, it sings with fearful trill. The caged bird ‘stalks’ as it lacks the spirit of freedom.

The image of the free bird denotes the Americans who enjoy absolute freedom. In a free country, one can enjoy the freedom of speech, expression, movement and religion. The free birds dares to clime the sky as its own. It flies everywhere, enjoying it is freedom. It has a lot of opportunities. For the caged bird, the gracious right in the boundless sky is denied. But the free bird, it is blessed with that freedom.

The plight of the Afro- Americans:

Angelou opposes racial discrimination is the restrictive aspect of Afro- Americans. It must be removed. Martin Luther king, Jr, and Abraham Lincoln fought for the freedom of the black people. They advocated the removal of slavery.

Conclusion:

The poem talks about the search for freedom. It is an allegory, all, men and women are free. But in man’s world the less privileged are caged and crippled. The blacks slaves were segarated. Still they kept up the search for freedom. This poem is a strong affirmative voice against racial discrimination.

NIGHT OF THE SCORPION By Nissim Ezekiel

Synopsis:

IntroductionNight of the s scorpionThe villagersSuperstitious To paralyseA holy man Conclusion

Introduction:

Nissim Ezekiel was born in 1924, Bombay. He was a famous writer of prose and poetry in modern India. His poetic themes are mostly reflective ironical and humour.

Night of the scorpion:

In this poem makes vivid poetry out of an ordinary incident. The sting of the scorpion is in its tail. One rainy night the poet’s mother was stung by a scorpion. The neighbours came in large members to console her. They also tried to search for the scorpion but in vain.

The villagers:

The villagers believed thata with every movement of scorpion the poison would move in the mother blood. So with the candles and lanterns, they searched their house to paralyse the evil scorpion. But it was not found. Although the villagers were sad to see the mother suffering the understanding that it was doing some good to both her body. Her spirit brought peace on their faces. They claimed that poison would help her in many ways.

Superstitious:

The villagers were superstitious they believed that with e very movement of the scorpion, they searched their house to paralyze the evil scorpion. They even prayed to god that the poison would purity her flesh.

To paralyze:

The venom: the poet’s father, being a sceptic and rationalist, tried powerless mixtures and herbs to cure the mother. However,he also tried prayers and blessing. It was a very problematic situation. He poured some paraffin upon the bitten toe and burnt it.

The poison in the mother’s body: the neighbour’sbuzzed thename of god hoping to paralyze the scorpion. They clicked their tongues that the mother’s sufferings might decrease “the misfortunes of her next birth”

A holy man:

A holyman was reciting some verses to control the poison. But the poet’s mother was twisting with pain. She bore her suffering silently; she was relived of her pain only after twenty hours. She thanked god the scorpion had stung her only and not any of her children.

Conclusion:

In this poem the poet has presented a typical Indian scene. The villagers are ignorant and superstitious. We are deeply moved by the mother’s self-effecting love for her children .The poem is packed with imagery. It’s a picturesque effect.

IF By Rudyard Kipling

Synopsis:

Introduction His philosophy of life Two imposters Distrusts Conclusion

Introduction

Rudyard Kipling was born in 1865, Bombay. His education in England. He quickly gained popularity as a short writer and a poet of great acclaim. He got the noble prize for literature in 19-7. This didactic poem is truly inspirational. Kipling’s if contains maxims for life and the poem is also a blue print for personal integrity, behaviour and self-development. It serves as an ethos and as a personal philosophy.

His philosophy of life:

Kipling gives sound advice and useful ideas in his famous poem ‘if’ which explains his philosophy of life. According to him

1. A perfect man must remain calm when others blame him. He should trust himself when all men doubt him. He should have patience

2. People may tell lies about him. But he must not tell lies. Others may hate him but he must not hate others

3. A perfect man must have dreams about future. But he should not be led by mere dreams. He should be a man of action. He should treat success and failure alike.

4. A perfect man must not be upset when his words are trusted but dishonest persons to deceive others.

5. A perfect man must be ready to risk all. He has gained in his attempt to achieve his goal even if he loses all his wealth. He must not feel sorry for it nor complain about it. He must have the will to win and never to yield.

6. A perfect man must more with common people without losing his virtues. He must move in high circles. He must not lose touch with common people.

7. He must be ever active. He must not waste even a single second, for time once lost cannot be got back.

Two imposters:

Triumph and disaster are the two imposters referred to the poem. One should be triumphant when one’s dreams are fulfilled, but one does not become a martyr. When disasters occur in life. They both have different effects on life as one knows it. Both can destroy or give life.

Distrusts:

Self-confidence, courage, patience and honesty are the traits to be possessed by a person if the entire world distrusts him. His words “If you can keep you head” If you can trust yourself” and if you can wait and not be tired b y waiting”

Show those traits. If these traits are absent then they would be the great obstacles.

Conclusion:

The poet says that ‘if’ a person is able to overcome the obstacles like pride and arrogance, dependence and idleness. He will have the privilege of being called a “man”. The poem has essential virtues. It must imbibe and realistic goals which one must try to achieve.

THE FACE ON THE WALL By E.V.Lucas

Synopsis:

Introduction Supernatural elements The face on the wall Disappear Conclusion

Introduction

E.V.Lucas was born in 1868. He was a gifted e essayist and story teller. His essays and short stories do not just amuse the readers. His style issimple and direct. The face on the wall is a strange story that never happened. It has two narrators.

Characters:

Mr. Ormond wall- an American millionaire (USA)

1st narrator – to tell a true story (ghost story)

2nd narrator- the inventor of the supernatural story

Place: Ormond Street, London Piccadilly, France

Supernatural elements:

The narrator visited the crowded places in great Ormond Street. He noticed the face on the wall. The walls of the room were painted but were damp and patchy. A patch on the painted wall resembled the face of a man. The man was convinced that this face on the wall exited in real life. Surprisingly, the narrator found him going Piccadilly in a taxi with two ladies and a girl. He wanted to meet him and chased him. As he moved from the train to the boat going to France.

The face on the wall:

The narrator found that he was a millionaire from USA by name Mr. Ormond wall. He met him. He received a mystery that a patch on the wall of a house in London. It could resemble a face of a man who lived in USA!

Disappear:

The face on the wall became dimmer and thinner. Then it began to fade out and completely disappeared on the day the man met with an accident and died. Thus the face on the wall vanished all on a sudden. The narrator cleverly adds these details in order to create the strange story.

Conclusion:

In the end. The narrator told his listeners that the story was cooked. The listeners were fooled. But they enjoyed the story it comes across such strange experience in life. The face on the wall was only a fake device the narrow invented in the story.

ONE OF THESE DAYS By Gabriel Garcia Marquez

synopsis:

Introduction Significance of the story The spider web One of these days Conclusion

Introduction

Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born in the small town of aracataca, 1928. He was educate at Jesuit College to study law. He then discontinued his studies and became a journalist. He was awarded the noble prize for literature in 1982 for his novels and short story

Aurelio –escover-a poor dentist without a degree

Mayor

Significance of the story:

Escover was a poor dentist without a degree. He had a look that smacked the seriousness of a situation. At about eight, he hears his11 years old son announcing the arrival of the local mayor. The mayor wanted his tooth to be pulled out. At first, escover did not accept to see the mayor immediately because, he did not want to see him, the mayor was responsible for the torture and death of t twenty men.

The spider’s web:

The spider’s web represents the vicious circle which the mayor carried out his wicked plans. The mayor resembled the spider-that caught the insects in the web- he caught the twenty dead men. In the same way, the mayors go rid of the twenty men of the town who opposed his plans. He tortured them to death.

One of these days;

The mayor appeared at the door. The mayor’s right side looked swollen and he was visibly in pain. He wanted to teach him a lesson.

1. If pulling a tooth should give him so much pain, how much pain one would have when tortured to death.

2. The dentist who knew it punished him by pulling his tooth out without giving anesthesia 3. He pulls out the tooth saying “now you’IIpay for our twenty dead men” he made it

painful for mator.4. Compared to the pain the men suffered, the mayor was not so painful.

But the dentist put him through the treatment and made him feel guilty for the crime.

Conclusion:

Marquez dramatically conveys the suffering of the men through the pain the mayor himself experienced. After all, pain and suffering can be realised only when one undergoes them oneself.

THE DEATH TRAP By Hector Huge Munro

Synopsis:

IntroductionPlotted against DimitriThe death trapDr.stronetzsave the princeConclusion

Introduction:

Hector Huge Munro was born in 1aa870. His assumed the pen name ‘saki’. As a journalist, he published satires in many leading British journals. He wrote short stories and plays. He wrote the famous political drama’the death trap’

Plotted against Dimitri:

Dimitri was the reigning prince of kedaria. He was only seventeen years old. He was the last of his dynasty. Prince Karl was his enemy. He wanted to become the rular of kedaria. He was supported by the kranitzki regiment. Three officers of the kranitzki regiment were plotting to murder prince Dimitri. They took away all his weapons under some pretext or other. They removed his loyal guards. They were only waiting for the loyal andrieff regiment to march off.

The death trap;

Prince Dimitri knew all their plans. But he was quite helpless. He sent for his physician. He told the physician about the plot against his life. He was not a coward but he wanted to enjoy life. The physician did not want the prince to be cruelly murdered. So he offered the prince a bottle of poison.But the prince wanted to live.

Dr.stronetz save the prince;

The three plotters entered the prince’s room as soon as the Andrieff Regiment had marched off. They had come there to murder the prince. At once the physician hit upon an idea. He made the prince lie on his bed. He pretended to examine him. He told the plotters that the prince had some fatal illness and would die in six days. The plotter left the room feeling quite happy because the prince would die a natural death and that there was no need for them to murder him.

Dimitri’s weapons:

The prince thanked his physician for saving him from the murders. But the physician said that what he said about him was true. The prince did not like to wait for death to come to him. He took the poison bottle from his physician.When he was getting ready to drink the poison he had a sudden idea. He wanted to take revenge on his plotters. He mixed the poison in the wine and invited the plotters to drink along with him. Hey drank the wine quite unsuspectingly and died.

Conclusion;

Thus the prince escaped the death trap set for him by the plotters and at the same time caught the in a death trap. Hence the title;