Ilakkuvanar centenary special issue

Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; 14/02/2010 Ehw;whz;L kyh; fk;gd; fk;gd; Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; 14/02/2010 Ehw;whz;L kyh; 124

Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; Ehw;whz;L kyh;

mQ;rhj; jkpo;kwth;! Ma;tpd; ngUk;Gyth;!

JQ;rh Jioj;jth;! Jhath;! - neQ;rhuf;

nfhQ;rp ,yf;Ftdhh; nfhz;l newpfhg;gPh;

gQ;rha;g; gwf;Fk; gif!

ftpQh; fp. ghujpjhrd;

jpUts;Sth; Mz;L 2041/Fk;gk;(khrp)/02 (14/02/2010) ,jo;-51

Mrphpah;

Centenaire de S. Ilakkuvanar

17/11/1909 - 03/09/1973

Kambane Kajagam - France

nre;jkpo;f; fhtyh;

vLg;G

Gythpw; rpwe;jth; ,yf;Ftdhh;! – mth;

G+e;jkpo;f; fz;nldg; gyh;Gfo;thh;!

(Gythpy;)

njhLg;G

,yf;fpa ,yf;fzf; fhtyuhk;! – mth;

,d;jkpo;g; Ngr;rpdpy; ehtyuhk;!

(Gythpy;)

Kbg;G

jpUf;Fws; njspTiu jpwk;gl tbj;jhh;! – cah;

njd;nkhop Ma;Tfs; Njnddf; nfhLj;jhh;!

neUf;fw Eioe;jpLk; ,e;jpiaj; jLj;jhh;! – ek;epyj;jpilr; nre;jkpo; epytplj; Jbj;jhh;!

(Gythpy;)

fspjkpo; fko;e;jplf; fUj;Jfs; nkhope;jhh;! – njhy;fhg;gpak; kze;jplf; fdpAiu nghope;jhh;!

njspjkpo; cah;e;jplr; rpe;ijapy; tpioe;jhh;! – ek;nrk;nkhop fhj;jplr; rpiwjdpy; Eioe;jhh;!

(Gythpy;)

Gythpy; rpwe;jth;

ftpQh; Nj. rdhh;j;jdd;GJit – 4

- fp. gh


fk;gd;fk;gd;fk;gd;fk;gd;fk;gd;

~~~~~ahnuhLk; gif nfhs;syd; vd;w gpd;ahnuhLk; gif nfhs;syd; vd;w gpd;ahnuhLk; gif nfhs;syd; vd;w gpd;ahnuhLk; gif nfhs;syd; vd;w gpd;ahnuhLk; gif nfhs;syd; vd;w gpd;

Nghh; xLq;Fk;> Gfo; xLq;fhJNghh; xLq;Fk;> Gfo; xLq;fhJNghh; xLq;Fk;> Gfo; xLq;fhJNghh; xLq;Fk;> Gfo; xLq;fhJNghh; xLq;Fk;> Gfo; xLq;fhJ|||||

rpwg;ghrphpah;

Nguhrphpah; nyNgh ngQ;rkpd;

Mrphpah;

ftpQh; fp. ghujpjhrd;; ;; ;

Mrphpah; FO

nrthypNa rpNkhd; A+gh;l;

jzpfh rkurk;

fp. mNrhfd;

Jizahrphpah;

rpNkhd; ,uhNrRthp

Nt. NjtuhR

rNuhrh NjtuhR

mUzhnry;tk;

Gutyh;

ngh. rptf;nfhOe;J> GJit

ee;jh jhNkhjud;

mQ;ry; njhlh;GfSf;F

Pour CorrespondancePoète K. Bharathidasan

6 rue Paul Langevin95140 - Garges les Gonesse

FRANCETél: 0033 (0)1 39 93 17 06

www.kambane.com

e-mall: [email protected]

tUfpd;w gilg;Gfisr;

RUf;fTk;> jpUj;jTk;

MrphpaUf;F chpikAz;L.

,yf;fpa ,yf;fzj; jpq;fspjo;tzq;FfpNwhk;

Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; jkpowpQh;fspy;jdpr; rpwg;G ngw;wth;.

nfly; vq;Nf jkpopd; eyk; mq;nfy;yhk;jiyapl;Lf; fpsh;r;rp nra;f! vd;Dk;ghNte;jh; ghujpjhrdhh; ghlYf;F> jkpo;ch pikg ;Nghh pd ; ,yf ;fzj;Jf ;F,yf;fpakhf tho;e;jth;.

tho;ehs; KOtJk; jkpOf;fha; cioj;J>jkpoh; cah;Tf;fha;j; mUe; njhz;lhw;wpaKidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; mth;fspd;Ehw;whz;L tpohitg; gpuhd;R fk;gd;fofk; nfhz;lhb cah;tilfpwJ.

,dpa jkpo; tho;f!,yf;Ftdhh; Gfo; tsh;f!

gopaW ehL NgRk;

ige;jkpo; tsik xd;Nw!

vopy;jUk; tPL NjhWk;

,d;nkhopr; RitAk; epd;Nw!

tpopnad kf;fs; fhj;J

tpUk;gpa njhd;Nw vd;Wk;!

moptJ gpwpNj md;wp

Ms;;tJ jkpNo md;Nwh!

ghjfk; GhpNthh; khl;Lk;

ghpe;JNk ,uf;fk; fhl;Lk;!

rhjid nra;Nthh; vq;fs;

rhpj;jpuj; jkpoh; kl;Lk;!

fhjypd; ngUik $Wk;

ftpijfs; flyha;g; nghq;Fk;!

Ntjid ntd;Nwhh; ehNk

nty;tJk; jkpNo jhNd!

md;dpah; gyUk; ,q;Nf

Ml;rpAk; Ghpe;j ehspy;

td;Kiw fhl;lh khz;G

ty;yik je;Njhh; gz;G

njd;dth; ngw;w Jz;L!

nrk;nkhop gyTk; VFk;

md;iwa nghOjpy; ntd;Nw

Mz;lJk; jkpNo md;Nwh!

,sikapd; tbtha; thOk;

,ay;gNj cd;wd; jd;ik!

tsnkdg; ngUFk; ,d;gk;

tho;tpdpy; cd;dhy; cz;ik!

jsnkd nkhopfs; Rw;wpj;

jioj;jplf; fskha;j; jhq;Fk;!

mstpyh Mw;wy; fz;Nl

mayth; tpae;j jhNa!

jdpaplk; cdf;Nf ghhpy;

je;jJd; vopyhh; tz;zk;!

fdpaK NjAd; khl;rp

fzpdpAk; giwAk; rhl;rp!

,dpnahU jho;tpiy cdf;Nf

,dpikNa> cah;e;Nj nry;tha;!

mzpnahsph; mzq;Nf ehSk;

mwnkhsph; jkpNo nty;tha;!

nty;Yk; jkpo;

,iw tzf;fk;

msg;gUk; mz;lk; midj;Jk; gilj;J

tskij thhp toq;Fk; ,iwNa!

tpspj;Njd; mUshy; tdpij vdf;Fk;

mspg;gha;f; ftpij mwk;!

jkpo; tzf;fk;

mzpNrh; moNf! mkpo;jpd; RitNa!

kzpKb Nte;jh; thpj;j tbNt!

jdpg;Ng Utif jhpj;Njd; kyh;j;jhs;

,dpAk; kwg;gNdh ahd;!

jiyth; tzf;fk;

md;Gk; mwpTk; mike;j jpwDk;

,d;gj; jkpopd; ,iae;j tsKk;

gOjpyh thf;Fk; gilf;Fk; jiyth!

tOth JdJ kwk;

mit tzf;fk;

rhd;Nwhh; gyUk; jife;j jykjpy;

thd;Gfo; Ve;Jk; tsh;j;j jkpopd;

rpwg;gijj; NjLk; njspe;j kdNk!

jpwkijg; Nghw;wpj; njsp

,uh

NrRthp

rpNkhd

;


j pUts ;Stu hz ;L 1 9 4 0 >

fhu;j;jpifj; jpq;fs;> Kjy; ehs; (Mq;fpy

Mz;L 1909 etk;gu; 17 Mk;ehs;) jkpo;ehl;bd;

md;iwa jQ;rhT+u; khtl;lk; (,d;iwa

ehfg;gl;bdk; khtl;lk;)> jpUj;Jiwg;

g+z;bf;F mUfpy;> tha;ikNkL vd;Dk;

rpw;W}upy;> rpq;fhuNtyu; - ,uj;jpdj;jhr;rp

MfpNahUf;F ,uz;lhk; Gjy;tuhfg; gpwe;jhu;.

jkJ ehd;F tajpNyNa je;ijia ,oe;jhu;.

FWepyf;fpohuhfTk; xU kspiff;fil

cupikahsuhfTk; tpsq;fpa ,tuJ

je;ijahu; kiwTf;Fg; gpd; jpz;izg;

gs;spapy; Ie;jhk; tFg;G tiu gbj;jpUe;j

,yf;Ftdhupd; gs;spg;gbg;G jilg;gl;lJ.

jkJ mz ;zd ; ey ;yngUkhSf ;F

cjtpahf tay; Ntiyfisf; ftdpg;gJk;

k hLfis Nka ; g ; gJNk mtuJ

Ntiyahapw;W. jd; gps;is gbf;fNtz;Lk;

vd;W mtuJ jhahu; tpioe;jikahy;

,uhrhklk;> xuj;jehL Mfpa Cu;fspy;

ehl;lhz;ikf; fof cau;epiyg; gs;spfspy;

gapd;W jkJ Mrpupau;fspd; ed;kjpg;igAk;

ghuhl;ilAk; ngw;whu;. ,tu; vl;lhk; tFg;Gg;

gbj;jnghOJ ,yl;Rkzd; vd ,tuJ

ngw;Nwhu; ,l;l ngaiu> ,tuJ jkpohrpupau;

rhkp. rpjk;gudhu;> ‘,yf;Ftd;’ vd khw;wr;nra;jhu;. mg;nghOJ KjNy jdpj;jkpo; kPJ

ehl;lKk; jkpopy; gpwnkhopf;fyg;igj;

jtpu;f;Fk; Kidg;Gk; ,yf;Ftdhu;f;F

Vw;gl;lJ.

Mrpupag; gzp

jpUitahW muru; fy;Y}upapy;

Gytu; gl;lk; ngw;wgpd;> jQ;ir khtl;l

ehl;lhz;ikf; fof cau;epiyg;gs;spfspy;

jkpohrpupauhfg; gzpGupe;jhu;.

nre;jkpo;f; fhtyh;rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; tho;f;ifg; ghij

jkpowpQu; fh. mg;ghJiuAld; ,yf;Ftdhu;

fiyQu; K. fUzhepjp jpUth&upy; gs;sp

,Wjp tFg ;Gg ; gapd ;wNghJ mtuJ

Mr p u pau hfj ; j pfo ; e ; jtu ; . jkf ;Fj ;

jkpOzu;Tld; Rakupahijg; gz;igAk;

Cl;batu; vd;W ,tiug; gw;wpj; jkJ

jd;tuyhw;W E}yhfpa ‘neQ;Rf;F ePjp’ apy;fiyQu; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;. mjd;gpd;du;j;

j pUitahW mur u ; fy ;Y } u pa py ;

tpupTiuahsuhfg; gzpGupe;j ,yf;Ftdhu;>

md;iwa Rakupahij ,af;fj; jiytu;fspy;

xUtuhfpa nr.nj.ehafk;> FyNrfud;

gl;bdj;jpy; njhlq;fpa jkpo;f;fy;Y}upapy;

Kjy;tuhfg; gzpaku;j;jk; ngw;whu;. gpd;du;j;

jpUney;Ntyp k.jp.jh. ,e;Jf;fy;Y}upapy; jkpo;

tpupTiuahsuhfTk;> 1947 Mk; Mz;L

tpUJefupy; njhlq;fg;ngw;w tp.,.nre;jpw;

Fkhuehlhu; fy;Y}upapy; jkpo;j;Jiwj;

jiytuhfTk ; gzpGu p e ; j h u ; . <Nu hL

kfhrdf;fy;Y}up> ehfu ;Nfhapy; nj.jp.

,e;Jf;fy;Y}up> kJiuj; jpahfuhru; fy;Y}up

vd ,tu; gzpahw;wpa fy;Y}upfspd; gl;bay;

ngupjhFk;. ,tuJ mQ;rhneQ;rKk;> jd;khd

czu;Tk; vt;tplj;Jk; ,tu; njhlu;e;J

md;ngDk; mKNj Nghw;wp!

mwpntDk; RlNu Nghw;wp!

gz;ngDk; tbNt Nghw;wp!

gupntDk; flNy Nghw;wp!

,d;GWk; moNf Nghw;wp!

,dpj;jpLk; RitNa Nghw;wp!

Jd;GWk; mbahu;f; nfy;yhk;

Jiznad ,Ug;gha

; Nghw;wp!

fz;nzDk; kzpNa Nghw;wp!

fhw;nwDk; capNu Nghw;wp!

gz;nzDk; ,irNa Nghw;wp!

ghkyu; ctg;gha

; Nghw;wp

mz;lNk tpupe;jha

; Nghw;wp!

mfpyNk Ms;tha

; Nghw;wp!

,d;Dapu; <e;jha

; Nghw;wp!

Vw;wNk je;jha

; Nghw;wp!

vz;zUq; fiyNa Nghw;wp!

vz;zpa Kbg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

gz;zUe; jtNk Nghw;wp!

gRe;jkpo; nkhopNa Nghw;wp!

tpz

;ZWk; tpsf;Nf Nghw;wp!

tpjpnaDk; tpisNt Nghw;wp!

fz;Z

Wk; nghU

Ns Nghw;wp!

fspg;GWk; kdNk Nghw;wp!

Nghw

;wp t

pUj;jk;

Nt. Nj

tuh

R

fUntDk; cUNt Nghw;wp!

fUj;njDk; xspNa Nghw;wp!

jpUntDk; NgNw Nghw;wp!

jUjUk; epoNy Nghw;wp!

FUntd te;jha

; Nghw;wp!

Fw;wNk fistha

; Nghw;wp!

mUnsDk; fUiz Nghw;wp!

Ml;nfhs

tUtha

; Nghw;wp!

,y;ywk; ,izg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

,d;gNk epiwg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

ey;ywk; tsu;g;gha

; Nghw;wp!

ehd

pyk; fhg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

my;yit mopg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

mwnkdj; jiog;gha

; Nghw;wp!

ty;yik jUtha

; Nghw;wp!

tsnkyhk; mspg;gha

; Nghw;wp!

Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; 14/02/2010 Ehw;whz;L kyh; fk;gd; fk;gd; Kidth; rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; 14/02/2010 Ehw;whz;L kyh;4 37

gzpGupa ,lkspf;ftpy;iy. khztupilNa

jkpOzu;it ,tu; Cl;baik> ,tu;

khztu;fisg; Gul;rpf;Fj; J}z;Ltjhff;

fy;Y}upg; nghWg;ghsu;fisf; fUjr; nra;jJ.

1944 Mk; Mz;L ,tu; jpUney;Ntyp k.jp.jh.

,e;Jf;fy;Y}upapy; gzpGupe;J nfhz;bUe;j

NghJ ,tuplk; jkpo; gapd;w> ,d;iwa

,e;jpag; nghJTilikf; fl;rpj;jiytu;fspy;

xUtuhfpa Njhou; ey;yfz;Z ,tuJ

mQ;rhneQ;rj;ijAk; jkpOzu;itAk;

rpwg;ghfg; ghuhl;Lfpwhu;. md;iwa jkpo;

tFg;Gfspy; tUifg;gjpit Mq;fpyj;jpy;

khztu;fs; $wp te;j epiyia khw;wp

cs;Nsd; Iah! vdf; $w itj;jtUk;

gpw;fhyj;jpy; jkpofnkq;Fk; ,k;khw;wk;

Vw;glTk; fhuzkhf ,Ue;jtu; ,yf;FtdhNu

vd ey;yfz;Z mtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;.

Kidtu; gl;lk;

fhyg;Nghf;fpy; gp.X.vy;.vk;.V. Mfpa

gl;lq;fisj; jdpj;Nju;tuhfg; gapd;W ngw;w

,yf;Ftdhu;> kJiuj; jpahfuhru; fy;Y}upapy;

gz pa hw ; w p f ; nf hz ;bUe ; jNg hJ >

nj hy ; f h g ; g p aj ;ij Mq ;f pyj ; j py ;

nkhopngau;j;J> tpupthf Ma;Tk; epfo;j;jpj;

jkJ Kidtu; gl;lg;Ngw;wpw;fhd Ma;Ntl;il

mspj;jhu;. 1963 Mk; Mz;L Kidtu; gl;lk;

ngw ;whu ; . jkJ gy ;NtW gzpfspd ;

fhuzkhfTk;> gzpapog;Gfspd; fhuzkhfTk;

fhye;jho;j;J 53 mfitapy; ,g;gl;lj;ij

,tu ; ngw ; w hYk ; jk po ; neQ ; rq ;fs ;

kfpo;e;JNghw;wpd. Fkup Kjy; nrd;id tiu

,tUf;Fj; jkpo;ehnlq;Fk; ghuhl;Ltpohf;fs;

ele;jd. xU Nguhrpupau; Kidtu; gl;lk;

n gw ; wikf ; f hfj ; jk p o ; e hnlq ;Fk ;

ghuhl;Ltpohf;fs; ele;j epfo;T ,jw;F

Kd ;Gk py ;iy> g pd ;Gk py ;iy. ,tuJ

njhy;fhg;gpa Mq;fpy E}Yf;F mwpQu;

mz;zh mtu;fs; mzpe;Jiu toq;fpg;

ghuhl;bAs;shu;. gpd;du; mz;zh jkpof

Kjy;tuhfg; nghWg;Ngw;wNghJ> jkJ

may;ehl;Lr; Rw;Wg;gazj;jpy;> ,e;E}iyg;

Nghg; Mz;ltu; mtu;fSf;Fk;> mnkupf;f

E}yfq;fSf;Fk; jkpof murpd; rhu;gpy;

md;gspg;ghf mz;zh toq;fpdhu;.

,jo;fs; ntspaply;

,yf;Ftdhu; jhk; gzpahw;wr;

nrd;w ,lnky;yhk; jkpo ;kd;wq;fis

epWtpAk; ,jo;fis elj;jpAk; kf;fs;

kdj;jpy; jkpo; vOr;rpAk; Mu;tKk; Vw;glg;

ghLgl;lhu;. 1944 Kjy; 1947 tiu ,tu;

elj;jpa ‘’ rq;f ,yf;fpak;’ thu ,jo;

GytUf;F kl;LNk cupajhff; fUjg;gl;Lte;j

rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fis kf;fspilNa gut

toptFj;jJ. rpWfij tbtpYk; Xuq;f

ehlfq;fshfTk; rq;fg;ghly;fis mwpKfk;

nra;j ,yf;Ftdhupd; Kaw;rpNa gpd;dhspy;

K. tujuhrd;> K. fUzhepjp MfpNahupd;

Kaw;rpfSf;F Kd;Ndhb vd;gJ tuyhW.

,yf;Ftdhupd; eilg;gazk;

t pUJefu py ; ,Ue ; jNg hJ

‘,yf;fpak’ ; > jQ;rhT+upy; ,Ue;jNghJ

‘jpuhtplf;$l;luR’ kJiuapypUe;j NghJ

‘Fws;newp’ vdg; gy;NtW ,jo;fis

elj;jpdhu;. 1965 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jp vjpu;g;Gg;

Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ ,UKiw ifJ

nra;ag;gl;L rpiwtho;Tk; gzp ePf;fKk; ngw;w

,yf;Ftdhu;> 1965 Mk; Mz;L Nk Kjy;

jprk;gu; tiu VO khjq;fs; jkJ Vl;il

Mz;lhz;Lf; fhyq;fs;

MZf;Fg; ngz;zpq;Nf

mbik nra;J

Jhz;lhj tpsf;Ffsha;j;

JbJbf;Fk; cs;sj;jhy;

Jtz;L nehe;J

khz;lhh;fs; vj;jidg;Ngh;?

khwptUk; ,isQh;fhs;

kdj;jpy; nfhs;tPh;!

Ntz;lhj nfhLikfis

NtuWj;J tPo;j;jplNt

tpiue;J thhPh;!

kz;nzd;Wk; kynud;Wk;

khjtisg; Gfo;e;jpq;F

kaf;fy; Ntz;lhk;>

cz;ikapNy ngz;kdj;jpd;

czh;Tfis kjpj;jpq;Nf

cah;jy; Ntz;Lk;>

fz;zpuz;Lk; jkf;Fs;Ns

fz;bLkh Ntw;Wikia?

fsq;fk; ,y;yhg;

ngz;izkl;Lk; jho;j;Jfpd;w

Ngjq;fs; xope;jhNy

ngUFk; tho;T

ngz;fisg; Nghw;Wf

- rNuhrh NjtuhR

,df;fth;r;rp vDk;gz;G

,sk;tajpy; vt;Taph;f;Fk;

,ay;Ng MFk;>

kdk;Nghd Nghf;fpdpNy

khf;fisg;Nghy; Rw;WtNjh

kdpjh; khz;G?

epidTfis newpg;gLj;j

epiwe;jngUk; mwpthw;wy;

epiyf;fg; ngw;W

kdf;fjitj; jpwe;Jitj;J

kq;ifaiu kjpj;jpLtPh;

kyUk; ehNl!

NfhioaHf;F tPuj;ijAk; NfhijaHf;Ff; fy;tpiaAk;VioaHjk; tho;tpdpNy Vw;wj;ijAk; - jhohky;ghbj; jUtjw;Nf ghitNa nre;jkpNoxbth neQ;rpy; cld;!

Gy;iyAk; g+itAk; g+itaH jk;ikAq;fy;iyAq; fhitAq; fhtpar; - nry;tj;ijg;ghbf; Ftpj;jplg; ghitNa nre;jkpNo

xbth neQ;rpy; cld;!

Xbth neQ;rpy; cld;

- ftpQh; ,bKuR


ehspjohfTk; elj;jpdhu;. tpw;gidahsu;fs;

cupaKiwapy; gzk; nfhLf;fhj xNu

fhuzj;jhNyNa ,t;tpjo; epWj;jg;gl;lJ.

,Wjpf; fhyk;

1967 Mk; Mz;L jp.K.f. Ml;rpg;

nghWg;Ngw;w gpd;du; mwpQu; mz;zh

mtu;fshy;> kPz;Lk; ,yf;Ftdhu; gzpGupAk;

tha;g ;igg;ngw;whu ; . nrd;id khepyf;

fy;Y}upapy; jiyikj; jkpo;g; Nguhrpupauhfg;

gzpNaw;w ,tuhy; Xuhz;Lf;F Nky;

mg;gzpapYk; ePbf;fKbatpy;iy. md;iwa

fy;tpaikr;ruplk; jkpiog; gapw;rpnkhop

ahf;FkhWk; Mq;fpyj;Jf;Fr; rhu ;ghf

elf;fNtz;lhnkdTk; ,tu; $wpaikNa

,tuJ Ntiyf;F ciyitj;j nra;jp

vd;gJ jkpo;ehL mwpe;j xd;Nw. mjd; gpd;du;

Ijuhghj; cRkhdpag; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;

Nguhrpupauhf ,uz;lhz;Lfs; gzpahw;wpa

g pd ;d u ; j ; jkJ ez ; g u pd ; Ntz ;L

NfhSf;fpzq;f ehfu ;Nfhapy; ,e;Jf;

fy;Y}upapy; Kjy;tuhfg; gzpGupe;J 1970

Mk; Mz;L jprk;gupy; Xa;T ngw;whu;. kPz;Lk;

Fws;newp ,jioj; njhlq;fp elj;jpAk;

ehnlq;Fk; nrd;W nrhw; nghopthw;wpAk; jkJ

jkpo;g;gzpiaj; njhlu;e;j ,yf;Ftdhu;

ePupopT Neha; fhuzkhf 1973-Mk; Mz;L

nrg;lk;gu; 3 Mk; ehs; fhykhdhu;.

E}w;whz;L tpoh

nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd;

jkpo; nkhopj;Jiwapduhy; 26 etk;gu; 2009

md;W jkpowpQu; rp. ,yf;FtdhUf;F

vLf;fg;gl;l E}w;whz;L tpohtpy; rpwg;Gf;

fUj ;juq ;fk ; > ftpauq ;fk ; Mfpait

elj;jg;gl;ld;. jkpofj;jpd; epjpaikr;ruhd

Nguhrpupau; f.md;gofd; rpwg;gpj;j> jkpo;g;

gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; Nkdhs; JizNte;ju;

Kidtu; xsit eluhrd; jiyikNaw;w

,e;j tpohtpy; ,yf;Ftdhupd; njhy;fhg;gpa

Ma;Tk; nkhopngau;g;Gk;> ,yf;Ftdhupd; rq;f

,yf;fpa Ma;Tk;> ,yf;Ftdhupd; FwSiuAk;

Fws; gug;Gg; gzpAk;> ,yf;Ftdhupd; ftpijg;

gilg;Gfs;> ,yf;Ftdhupd; ,jopaw;gzp>

,yf;Ftdhupd; jkpo; tsu;r;rpg; gzpfs;

Mfpad ,yf;Ftdhhpd; ew;gzpfshfg; Ngrg;

gl;ld.

Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;:

Fws; newp - ehspjo; 1966

Fws; newp - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo;

(1963 - 1970)

Fws; newp - jpq;fspjo; (1954 - 1955)

jpuhtplf; $l;luR - fpoik (thu) ,jo; (1952)

rq;f ,yf;fpak; - thu ,jo; (1945 - 1947)

,yf;fpak; - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo;

(1947 - 1952)

Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:Nguhrpupau; elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:

Dravidian Federation - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo; (1952)

Kuralneri - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo; (1963 - 1966)

fy;tpg; gl;lq;fs;:

tpj;Jthd; (1936)> fPo;j;jpir nkhopapay;

,sq;fiy (B.O.L.) (1942)> fPo;j;jpir

nkhopapay; KJfiy (M.O.L.) (1946)> jkpo;KJfiy (M.A .) (1951)> nka;apay; Kidtu;

(Ph.D.) (1964)gzpaplq;fs;:gzpaplq;fs;:gzpaplq;fs;:gzpaplq;fs;:gzpaplq;fs;:

cau;epiyg;gs;sp> jpUth&u;

(16.07.36 - 01.03.1937)

muR Mz;fs; cau;epiyg;gs;sp>

Flthry;(10.03.37 - 12.06.1938)

muR Mz;fs; cau;epiyg;gs;sp> ed;dpyk;

(13.06.38 - 08.08.1942)

muru; fy;Y}up> jpUitahW

(09.08.42 - 05.04.1944)

,uhkehju; fy;tpf;$lk;>

FyNrfud; gl;bdk; (06.04.44 - 30.10.1944)

k.jp.jh. ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up> jpUney;Ntyp

(01.11.44 - 08.08.1947)

kuzpj;j kdpj Neak;

capu; ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;!

kdq;fspNy Nt&d;wpg;

glu;jy; Ntz;Lk;!

kz;zpNy khdplu; if

,iza Ntz;Lk;!

Ngjkpy;yh cyfnkhd;W

cUthf Ntz;Lk;!

Ks;Ntypfs; ahTk;

cile;J tpo Ntz;Lk;!

Klq;fpa khdplk;

epkpu;e;jply; Ntz;Lk;!

kiy rupe;J tPo;e;jhYk;

kdpju; vk; fukpize;jhy;>

khkiyAk; fLfhFk;!

kyUk; ,g;Gj;jhz;by;

kfpo;tha; vk; fuk; ,izg;Nghk;!

ey;yijNa epidg;Nghk;>

ey;yijNa nra;Nthk;!

nrhy;yjpNy md;gpd;

Ritgl nkhopNthk;!

nry;Ykplnky;yhk;>

gz;gjid tpijg;Nghk;! - gif

nty;Yk; top md;Ng - mij

midtUf;Fk; mspg;Nghk;! - mij

midtUf;Fk; mspg;Nghk;!

kdpj Neak;

fhiyapw; fjputd;

jiy fhl;bnaOifapYk;

ePyf; flybapy; - mtd;

%o;fpj; Japy;ifapYk;

Njhis ,Uk;ghf;fpj;

njhopy; GupNthu; tpopfs;

J}f;fk; kwe;jpLNk!

Cf;fk; ce;Jtjhy; - njhopy;

Mf;fk; ngUfpLNk!

tsKk; tho;Tk;

ciog;gpd; ntFkjp!

Nrhk;gy; mfd;wtu;f;Fr;

NrUk; ngUepjp!

ciog;gtu; ,y;yk; - nry;tk;

tw;whj ngUejp!

r%fj;jpy; ,tu; tho;T - xspFd;whj ntz;kjp!

%g;Gk;> eiuAk;

ciog;gpdpw;fpy;iy!

cs;sj;J typikNa

ntw;wpapd; vy;iy!

Kaw;rp nfhz;ltu;

rha;tJ ,y;iy!

tho;tpd; Rfq;fs;

Nja;tJkpy;iy!

ciog;gtu; fuq;fSf;F

,izNaJkpy;iy! - ,tu;

gpwe;j nghd;dhL

rhd;Nwhu; vd ey;Fk; gps;is!

‘cOJ Cz; tpUk;gy;’ vDk; xsit

nrhy;iy> - ,tu;

cte;J kdjpNyw;W>

Xl;Lthu; gyu; njhy;iy!

ciof;Fk; fuq;fs;

- ypNdhjpdp rz;Kfehjd;


tp.,.eh. nre;jpy;Fkhu ehlhu; fy;Y}up>

tpUJefu; (10.08.47 - 00.05.1952)

jpUntWk;G+u; Kf;Fyj;Njhu;

cau;epiyg;gs;sp> (30.11.52 - 30.09.1953)

khrdf; fy;Y}up> <NuhL

(01.07.54 - 07.06.1956)

nj.jp. ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up> ehfu;Nfhapy;

(11.06.56 - 30.04.1959)

jpahfuhru; fy;Y}up> kJiu

(05.07.59 - Nk> 1965)

khepyf; fy;Y}up> nrd;id

(18.06.67 - 18.04.1968)

cRkhdpag; gy;fiyf; fofk;> Ijuhghj;J

(00.06.68 - 00.05.1970)

nj.jp. ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up> ehfu;Nfhapy;

(01.06.70 - 25.12.1970)

Nguhrpupau; gilg;Gfs;:Nguhrpupau; gilg;Gfs;:Nguhrpupau; gilg;Gfs;:Nguhrpupau; gilg;Gfs;:Nguhrpupau; gilg;Gfs;:

m. ftpijfs;

1. vopyurp (1933)

fUzhepjp mr;rfk;> jpUth&u;

2. jkpopirg; ghly;fs;

(gz;zikg;G : ,irkzp rq;fudhu;)

3. khztu; Mw;Wg;gil

4. Juj;jg;gl;Nld;>

,yf;fpag; gz;iz> tpUJefu;> 1948

5. mz;zhtpw;Fg; ghtpay; tho;j;J

M. fijfs;

1. Fws; tpsf;ff; fij nghjpghly;

2. thndhypf; fijfs;

,. Muha;r;rp E}y;fs;

1. mk;%tdhu;

2.njhy;fhg;gpa Muha;r;rp>

ts;Stu; gjpg;gfk;> GJf;Nfhl;il> 1961.

3. goe;jkpo;>

ts;Stu; gjpg;gfk;> GJf;Nfhl;il> 1962

4. ,yf;fpak; $Wk; jkpou; tho;tpay;

(rq;f fhyk;)

<. tpsf;fTiufs;

1. kh%ydhu; fhjy; fhl;rpfs;

(rq;f ,yf;fpar; nrhy;Nyhtpaq;fs;)

2. njhy;fhg;gpa tpsf;fk;

c. tho;f;if tuyhW

1. fUktPuu; fhkuhru;>

ehQ;rpy; Gj;jf kid> 1956.

C. jd; tuyhW

1. vd; tho;f;ifg; Nghu; (,sikg;gUtk;)>

Fws;newp ntspaPl;lfk;> 1971.

v. jpUf;Fws; tpsf;f E}y;fs;

Fd;wpd; tPo;r;rp nfhl;lf; fz;Nld;

njd;wy; te;J jPz;lf; fz;Nld;

kd;wk; Vwpa jkpiof; fz;Nld;

,d;wh New;wh vd;Wk; fhz;fpNwd;!

Fd;wh? cah;e;j NfhGuk; jhdh?

njd;wy; tPr;rh? njd;id ,sePh

epd;W toq;Fk; ,dpik jhdh?

kd;w khfpa khl;rpNa jhdh?

nrd;w fhyr; rpe;ij xUGwk;

,d;W NktpLk; vOr;rp xUGwk;

ehis fhZk; eaq;fs; xUGwk;

Ntis nghOJk; jkpohk; tpUe;ij

ms;sp toq;Fk; Mir xUGwk;

Ks;Ns ,y;yhj; jhok; G+Nt!

nfhs;is nfhLj;Njd; vd;wd; cs;sk;!

ts;sNy ahd tbtNk! ez;gh!

ghujp te;J ghrk; gapy;fpwhh;!

NghnuLj; jhSk; Gul;rpf; ftpAk;

jhrdha; te;J jOtp epw;fpwhh;!

thrk; kpFe;j tz;zf; ftpijapy;

fk;gDk; Njhd;wpf; fhl;rp nfhLf;fpwhh;!

nrk;nghd; neQ;rpy; rpe;jidg; nghypT!

mk;Gtp jkpNo MSk; moF!

vk;khd;> ,dpad; vd;csk; mkh;e;jtd;

mk;kh mtd;jhd; ghujp jhrd;!

ghujp jhrg; ige;jkpo;j; Njhspy;

rPuha; mofha;r; nrOq;Fzr; rpwg;gha;

Fzj;jpd; Fd;wha;f; nfhOq;nfhb kyuha;

kzf;Fk; kfNs! kze;jpL vd;Wk;!

tUk; tpUe;Njhk;gpg; gpd;tpUe;(J) vz;Zk;

fuKk; kzf;Fk;! fUj;Jk; kzf;Fk;!

Ngnuop yhfg; gpd;isfs; %th;

Mu khf mzpe;jha; jhNa!

CWk; Ritnayhk; cyfpy; Kfpo;f;f

EhW Ehwhz;L Neha; nehb ,y;yh

tho;tpy; vd;Wk; tsh;f!

R+o;f fgpydpd; nrhy;vopy; jhNd!

- ftprpj;jh;

fz. fgpydhh;

R+o;f fgpydpd;nrhy;nyopy;

tq;ff; fly;Nrh; tskhh; GJr;Nrhp

jq;fj; jkpo;kfidj; je;jJNt! – rpq;fnkdg;nghq;Fk; ciuahy; Gfo;>gh ujpjhrd;

gq;fha; mike;jew; ghq;F!

gq;fha;j; jkpo;g;gzp ghhPr; efhpdpYk;

jq;F jilapd;wpj; jhk;elj;jpf; - fq;Fy;

gfYk; fUj;jhSk; ghujp jhrd;

Gfo;f;Fhp ahnudg; Nghw;W

Nghw;Wk; gbaha;g; Gfo;r;rhd;Nwhh; gy;Nyhh;f;Fk;

Ntw;Wg; Gyj;jpdpYk; thQ;irAld; - rhw;wplNt

Mw;Wk; gbaha; mzpNrh; tpohfhZk;

Njhw;wk; vLj;jpq;Nf nrhy;

nrhy;yhy; nrayhy; njhlh;e;Jnra; ew;gzpahy;

nty;Yk; ftpahy; tpsq;fpLthh;! - ey;yJthk;

ty;yjpUf; fk;gd; toq;Fk; ftpr;RitNah

ky;yy; jkpOah;j;Jk; khz;G

khz;ghd fk;gd; kzpf;ftpij Kw;Nwhjpj;

Njk;gh mzpNrh; jpfo;njhz;il – ehk;fhzthDyTk; jpq;fs; toq;Fk; Fsphpdpik

NjDytj; je;jpLthh; Njh;e;J

Njhw;wk; vLj;jpq;Nf nrhy;

Gyth; t. fypangUkhs;

fk;gd; ,jo;fisf; fz;Nghy; gpuhd;Rjdpy;

njk;gha; elj;jpj; jpfo;fpd;w – vk;GJitghujp jhr! gz;Gah;e;j ew;ftpQ!

rPUld; tho;f rpwe;J!

njz;zPh;f; fly;fle;Jk; nrk;khe;j fk;gid

cz;zPh;ik NahNl cte;Njw;Wk; - ed;dpiyapy;

ghlhw;wpg; Nghw;wptUk; ghujp jhrdpth;

NjLk; jkpod;Nwh Njd;!

nrd;w tplj;Jk; rpwe;jpUf;Fk; fk;gDf;F

ed;whfj; njhz;L elj;Jfpd;wha; - vd;wjdhy;

ghujp jhrNd! gz;Gah;e;j ghtyNd!

ePUyfpy; tho;f nebJ!

re;jg;ghkzpmuq;f. eluhrdhh;> GJit


1. vy;yhUk; ,e;ehl;L kd;du; - gFjp 1>

,yf;fpag;gz;iz>GJf;Nfhl;il> 1954

2. vy;yhUk; ,e;ehl;L kd;du; - gFjp 2

3. mikr;ru; ahu;>

ePyh gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id> 1949

4. jpUf;Fws; vspa nghopg;Giu>

ts;Stu; gjpg;gfk;> GJf;Nfhl;il> 1963.

5. ts;Stu; fz;l ,y;ywk;> my;yJ fhjy;

tho;f;if> kPdh Gj;jfk;> 1971.

6. ts;Stu; tFj;j murpay;> rhk;gh

gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id> 1968.

V. fy;tpapay; E}y;

1. jkpo; fw;gpf;Fk; Kiw

I.Mq;fpy E}y;fs;

1. Origin and Growth of Tamil2. The Making of Tamil Grammar3. A Brief Study of Tamil Words - The Chronology of Tamil Grammarians4. Semantemes and Morphemes in TamilLanguage5. Tamil Language - Introduction> Nagerkoil 19596. Tamil Language- Phonetics> Nagerkoil 19597.Tamil Language - Semantics> Nagerkoil 19598. Tamil Language - Syntax> Nagerkoil 1959

9. Tamil Language> 196110. Tholkoppiyam in English with criticalStudies> Madurai 1963. x. ifnaOj;Jr; Rtb

1. rptQhdrpj;jpahu; ciu

X. Kw;Wg;ngwhjit

1. Thirukural in English2. jkpo;ehl;L tuyhW

3. jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhW

4. jkpou; tuyhW

5. jkpod;idf; fhtpak;

6. vd; tho;f;ifg;Nghu; (jkpo;g;gzpAk;

gpd; gFjpfSk;) nre;jkpo;f;fhg;G je;j rpiw

tho;T

xs. gpwE}w; Fwpg;Gfs; %yk; mwpa tUtd

1. Fbikg; gapw;rp

2. fhjy; tho;T

3. cz;ikj; njhz;ld; ahu;?

4. ekf;F Ntz;Ltd

f. elj;jpa jkpo; ,jo;fs;

1. rq;f ,yf;fpak; - thu ,jo;

(1945 - 1947)

2. ,yf;fpak; - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo;

(1947 - 1952)

3. jpuhtplf; $l;luR - fpoik

(thu) ,jo; (1952)

4. Fws; newp - jpq;fspjo;

(1954 - 1955)

tuk; Nfl;Lg;ghujpf;Fg; ghl;L

- myd; md;Jthd;;

ghujp vOjpa ghly;fs; gy EhW!

vz;zq;fis ciwj;jpLk; rpy EhW!

gukdpd; thh;j;ijfs; Gfo; EhW

mofpapd; th;zid vopyhW!

ghujp gh vd;why; gw;wpf; nfhz;lth; Nfhb

gyhpd; kdk; nfhz;lghly; ,uhfk; Njhb

mth; Mw;wpa njhz;nly;yhk;

neQ;rpy; cuk; nfhz;l kdpjiuj; Njb

mjdhy; Ml;lk; fz;lhd;

nts;isad; Xb.

GJikg; ngz; Ntz;b mtd; ghb

m/jpd;W Ngrg; gLfpwJ ehb

mtd; tha; nkhopNghy; tho

Kd;te;j ngz;bh; rpyh; - ,d;Nwh

tho;j;Jg; gilf;fpd;whh; gyh;

mj;jidf;Fk; tpj;jpl;l Kjy;th!

gFj;jwpitg; ghl;by; itj;j jiyth!

VL epiwa vLj;Jr; nrhy;yp

ehL ngw itj;jha;!

ehl;Lg; gw;Wk; nkhopg; gw;Wk;

mzpe;j Viog; Gyth!

ePh; tho;e;j fhyj;jpy;

jho;e;Njhiu cau;j;jpa cd;id> ,d;W

cyfj; jkpou; cah;j;jpg; Gfo;fpd;wdu;

rhjp kj Ngjkpd;wp>

tuyhw;wpy; thOk; cdf;F

vd;Wk; moptpy;iy!

cd; jkpo; nkhopg;ghl;Lf;F tpiyapy;iy>

vd; Nghd;w tsUk; ftpf;nfy;yhk;

ms;spj; jUtha; cd; ftpr;nrhy;iy!

ehk; ve;j msTf;Fj; Jzpe;J gpwUf;F

ey;yJ nra;fpNwhNkh me;j msTf;F ek;

kdk; Jha;ikahfpwJ. ,iwtDk; mq;Nf

Fbnfhs;fpwhd;. - Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh;

tho;f;ifiaj; Jd;gkhfTk; ,t;Tyif

khiaahfTk; ghh ;f ;fhjPh ;fs;. mg;gbr;

nra;jhy;> ePq;fs; nra;e;ed;wp kwe;jth;fs;

MtPh;fs;!

- rh;tgs;sp uhjhfpU~;zd;

nghpa jpl;lq;fisr; rpwpJ rpwpjhfg; gphpAq;fs;.

mjpy; xU rpwpa ghfj;jpd; Ntiyia clNd

Muk;gpAq;fs;. mJjhd; rpwg;ghd nray;ghL.

- ,e;jpuh fhe;jp

nray;gl tpUg;gkpy;iyNay; mikjpaha;

,Ug;gJ ey;yJ. rpe;jpf;fhky; ,Ug;gJ mij

tpl ey;yJ. - md;dpngrd;l; mk;ikahh;

xU nfhs;iff;fhf xU jdp kdpjd;

,we;jhYk;> mtdJ kuzj;Jf;Fg; gpwF

me;jf; nfhs;if Mapuk; Kiw kWgpwtp

vLf;Fk;.

- Nejhrp RghR re;jpu NghR

kd ;d p g ; gJ t P uj ; j pd ; milahsk ; .

gytPdh;fshy; kd;dpf;f KbahJ.

- kfhj;kh fhe;jp

ekJ Njrj;Jf;F xU jdpj; jd;ik cz;L.

vt;tsNth ,d;dy;fs;> ,ilA+Wfs;>

rpf;fy;fs; te;jhYk; ,e;jpa kdq;fs;

typikahfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd.

- rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gNly;

cz;ikiaj; jtpu vijAk; vd;dhy; Ngr

KbahJ. ahiuNah jpUg;jpg;gLj;j vdJ

,e;jf; nfhs;ifapypUe;J vg;NghJk; gpd;thq;f

khl;Nld;. - ghyfq;fhju jpyfh;

kjq ;fspy ; cs;s mbg ;gil ehjNk

kdq;fisj; Jha ;ikg ;gLj ;JtJjhd; .

Rth ;f ;fk; ek;kpilNajhd; ,Uf;fpwJ.

Jha;ikahd kdk; cilath;fs; kl;LNk

Rth;f;fj;jpd; muridf; fz;L nfhs;fpwhh;fs;.

- Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh;


5. Fws; newp - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo;

(1963 - 1970)

6.Fws; newp - ehspjo; 1966

elj;jpa Mq;fpy ,jo;fs;:

7. Dravidian Federation - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo; (1952)

8. Kuralneri - jpq;fs; ,UKiw ,jo; (1963 - 1966)

q. elj;jpa epWtdq;fs;:

1. ngupahu; jdpg;gapw;rpf; fy;Y}up (jQ;rhT+u;)

2. jpUts;Stu; nre;jkpo;f; fy;Y}up

3. ,yf;fpak; mr;Rf;$lk; (tpUJefu;)

4. Fws;newp mr;rfk;

(kJiu - jpUg;guq;Fd;wk;)

5. jkpo;r;nry;tp mr;rfk;

(kJiu - jpUkq;fyk;)

6. Fws;newp ntspaPl;lfk; (kJiu)

7. ePyh gjpg;gfk;

r. ngw;w gl;lq;fs;

1. Kj;jkpo;f; fhtyu; (ed;dpyk;)

2. nre;jkpo; khkzp

3. gapw;rp nkhopf; fhtyu; (kJiu)

4. jkpou; jsgjp (kJiu)

5. jkpo;fhj;j jhidj; jiytu; (kJiu)

6. ,yf;fzr; nrk;ky; (kJiuj; jkpo;r; rq;fk;)

7. jkpo;f; fhg;Gj; jiytu; (kJiu)

Q. Nguhrpupaiug; gw;wpa milnkhopfsQ. Nguhrpupaiug; gw;wpa milnkhopfsQ. Nguhrpupaiug; gw;wpa milnkhopfsQ. Nguhrpupaiug; gw;wpa milnkhopfsQ. Nguhrpupaiug; gw;wpa milnkhopfs ;

1. jkpo; mupkh

2. jkpo;g; Nghuhsp

3. ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;Lj; njhy;fhg;gpau;

4. ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;Lr; nre;ehg; Nghjhu;

5. ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;L ef;fPuu;

6. ,uz;lhk; ef;fPuu;

7. ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;L ,sq;Nfh mbfs;

8. ngUk; Nguhrpupau;

9. jd;khdj; jkpo; kwtu;

10. ,e;jp vjpu;g;Gg; gilj; jsgjp

11. nre;jkpo;g; gilapd; khdr; nrk;ky;

12. Fws; newpf; fhtyu;

13. rq;fj;jkpo; fhj;j rhd;Nwhu;

14. nkhopg;Nghu; %ytu;

15. KJngUk; Gytu;

16. Kj;jkpo;g; Nghu;ths;

l. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs; - jkpo; mikg;Gfsl. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs; - jkpo; mikg;Gfsl. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs; - jkpo; mikg;Gfsl. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs; - jkpo; mikg;Gfsl. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs; - jkpo; mikg;Gfs ;

1. jiytu; - jkpo;f; fhg;Gf; fofk;

2. nrayu; - Fws;newp ,af;fk;

3. nrayu; - jpUts;Stu; fofk;

4. jiytu; - jpUf;Fwl; gapw;rpf; fofk;

5. Jizj; jiytu;

- jkpo;ehL gy;fiyf;fof Mrpupau; Nguit

6. nrayu; - jkpofg; Gytu; FO

7. nraw;FO cWg;gpdu;

- ,uz;lhtJ cyfj; jkpo; khehL

jhk; gzpahw;wpa Cu;fs;NjhWk;

Njhw;Wtpj;j gy mikg;Gfspd; mikg;ghsu;>

jiytu;> Gutyu;> newpahsu;.

z. Vw;w nghWg;Gfs;

- gy;fiyf; fofk; rhu;e;jit

1. ghlj;jpl;lf;FO cWg;gpdu;>

nrd;idg; gy;fiyf; fofk;


mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fofk;


cRkhdpah gy;fiyf; fofk;> Ijuhghj;J


kJiug; gy;fiyf; fofk;

kdpjj;jpd; kPjhd ek;gpf;ifia tpl;L

tplhjPh;fs;. kdpjk; vd;gJ rKj;jpuj;ijg;

Nghd;wJ. rpy Jspfs; mOf;fha; ,Uf;fpwJ

vd;gjw;fhff; ngUq; fly; mOf;fhfp tplhJ.

- kfhj;kh fhe;jp

cz;ikahd ve;j khw;wKk; ntWkNd

tpthjpg;gjhYk;> Ngrpf; nfhz;bUg;gjhYk;

cUthdjhfr; rhpj;jpuk; ,y;iy.

- Nejhrp RghR re;jpu NghR.

tho;f;if ePskhdjha; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba

mtrpak; ,y;iy. rpwg;ghdjha; ,Uf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

- lhf;lh; mk;Ngj;fh;

ekf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdit midj;Jk; epr;rak;

xU ehs; ek;ik te;jilAk;. mg;NghJ

mtw;iw Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; jFjpNahL

,Uf;f ek;ik ehk; jahh;g;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;.

- ,utPe;jpuehj; jh$h;

tho;f;if vg;NghJ Ntz;L khdhYk;

vspjhfyhk;. vg;NghJ Ntz;LkhdhYk;

fbdkhfyhk;. vy;yhNk xUth; vg;gb

tho;f;ifiaf; ifahs;fpwhh; vd;gijg;

nghWj;jJ.

- nkhuhh;rp Njrha;

ekJ nry;tq;fnsy;yhk; mope;jhYk;> ekJ

capiuNa jpahfk; nra;a Neh;e;jhYk;

tha ;ikiaAk ; > flTisAk ; ek ; g p

Mde;jkha; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;!

- rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gl;Nly;

X ,e;jpaNd! rPij> rhtpj;jphp> jkae;jp

,th;fSk;. ,d;Dk; ,th;fisg; Nghd;w ngz;

,uj;jpdq;fSk; cd; ngz;kzpfshth;.

xOf;fj;Jf;F ,th;fis ekf;F Kd;

khjphpahf itj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;!

- kfhftp ghujpahh;

kf;fs; jq;fs; flikfis vspjpy; kwe;J

t pLf p w h h ; fs ; . Mdhy ; > e pidt py ;

itj;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. - ,e;jpuh fhe;jp

nghd; nkhopfs;

Mde;jkhd r%fk; cUthf Ntz;Lk; vDk;

t pUg ; gk ; ekf ;F ,Ue ; j hy ; > ekJ

nray;fspYk; mjw;Nfw;w khw;wq;fisr;

nra;jhf Ntz;Lk;.

- Mr;rhh;ah tpNdhgh

flypy; tpOe;jJk; jdJ milahsj;ij

,oe;J tpLk; Jspiag; Nghd;wtdy;y

kdpjd;. jhd; thOk; r%fj;jpy; mtd; jd;

milahsj;ij ,og ;gjpy ;iy. kdpj

tho ;f ;if jdpj ;JtkhdJ. kd pjd ;

cUthtJ r%fj;jpdhy; kl ;Lky;y. .

jd;idj; jhNd mtd; cUthf ;f pf ;

nfhs;fpwhd;.

- lhf;lh; mk;Ngj;fh;

g h p e ;Jiufisr ; nrhd ;dhy ; mjd ;

gpd;tpisTfisAk; re;jpf;Fk; Jzpr;ry;

Ntz;Lk;. Ghpe;Jiuia kl;Lk; nrhy;yp tpl;L>

tpisTfspd; NghJ eOtp tpLtJ kpf

vspjhdJ.

- rtfh;yhy; NeU

nrtplh;fSf;Ff; Nfl;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;>

Fuiy cah;j;jpj;jhd; Ngr Ntz;Lk;.

- gfj;rpq;

td;Kiwia ehd; ntWf;fpNwd;. fhuzk;

mjd; ntw;wp jw;fhypfkhdJ> Mdhy;>

mjdhy ; t pisAk ; j PikfNsh

epue;jukhdit.

- kfhj;kh fhe;jp


5. Nguit cWg;gpdu;>


6. Nguit cWg;gpdu;>

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fofk;

7. Nguit cWg;gpdu;>

kJiug; gy;fiyf; fofk;

8. Nguit cWg;gpdu;>

cRkhdpah gy;fiyf; fofk;> Ijuhghj;J

9. Ml;rpf; FO cWg;gpdu;>


10. Ml;rpf; FO cWg;gpdu;>

cRkhdpah gy;fiyf; fofk;

rpiw tho;f;ifrpiw tho;f;ifrpiw tho;f;ifrpiw tho;f;ifrpiw tho;f;if

1. ,e;jp vjpu;g;Gg; Nghiu topelj;jpaikf;fhf

01.02.1965 md;W jilaplg;gl;Lr; rpiwf;F

mDg;gg;gl;lhu;.

2. kPz;Lk; jkpo; cupikf; fhg;Gg; NghUf;fhf

02.05.1965 md;W ,e;jpag; ghJfhg;Gr;

rl;lj;jpd; fPo;r; rpiwf;F mDg;gg;gl;lhu;.

kiwTkiwTkiwTkiwTkiwT

jpUts;Stu; Mz;L 2004 Mtzp 18

(03.09.1973)

Nguhrpupau; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu; mtu;fs;

epidT Nghw;Wtd.

1. Nguhrpupau; gpwe;j Cuhd tha;ikNkl;by;

ey;yhrpupau; F.ntw;wpaofdhu; mtu;fshy;

elj ;jg ; ngWk ; ,yf ;Ftdhu ; cau ;

;epiyg;gs;sp.

2 . Gytu ;kzp ,uh . ,sq ;Fkudhu ;

jpUr;rpuhg;gs;sp khtl;lj;jpy; my;Y}u; vd;Dk;

Cupy; jpUts;Stu; jtr; rhiyapy;

mikj;Js;s ,yf;Ftdhu; eilNkil.

3. kJiu khtl;lk; jpUefupy; Nguhrpupau;

,y;yk; vjpu;g; gFjpapy; mike;Js;s

,yf;Ftdhu; njUTk; ,yf;Ftdhu; FWf;Fj;

njUf;fSk;.

4. nrd;id mUNf mk;gj;J}upy; nray;gLk;

,yf;Ftdhu; ,yf;fpag; Nguit

Nguhrpupau; gw;wp....

jd;khdj; jkpo; kwtu; ,yf;Ftdhu;

- jQ;ir ehlhd;

,yf;Ftdhu; Gfo; tsu;f> tho;f!

- ghtyu; gl;Lf;Nfhl;il ,uhNre;jpud;

nre;jkpo;f; fhtyu; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu;

- ,yf;fpar; nrk;ky; ,uh. ,sq;Fkudhu;

,kag; Gfo; Ftpj;j ,yf;Ftdhu;

- Gytu; cjia K. tPiuad;

rq;fj; jkpo; fhj;j rhd;Nwhu; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu;

- ,yf;Ftdhu; jpUts;Std;

jkpopaf;f Ntu;fs; - Kidtu; r. nka;ag;gd;>

Nguitf; FOtpd; rpWeilr; nryT

- ,yf;Ftdhu; ,yf;fpag; Nguit

,e;jpa ,yf;fpar; rpw;gpfs; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu;

- kiwkiy ,yf;Ftdhu;

,yf;Ftdhu; ahu;?

- ,yf;Ftdhu; ,yf;fpag; Nguit

tho;Tk; tiuTk;

- ,yf;Ftdhu; ,yf;fpa ,izak;

jkpok; jdpj;jkpo; jpq;fspjo; - kyu;-1>

,jo;- 11 (1-09-1973)

mz;zh ghu;itapy; jkpof ,yf;fpar;

rpw;gpfs; ftpQhdp lhf;lu; m. kiwkiyahd;

nre;jkpo;f; fhtyu; Nguh. ,yf;Ftdhu;

fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUiffk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUiffk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUiffk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUiffk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif

- g+q;Foyp ngUkhs;

jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;J!jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;J!jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;J!jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;J!jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;J!

itaj;jhh; tho;thq;F tho toptFf;Fk;

nja;tj; jkpo;j;jhNa! nrk;nkhopNa-ca;aj;jhd ;

md;Gk; mwDk; mtdpf; Fzh;j;jpaeP

vd;ghy; ,Ug;gha; ,dpJ!

jpj;jpf;Fk; nre;jkpo;r;rhWfis-,e;jg;

ghhPrpy; rhw;wpl te;Js;s

nre;jkpo;r; rhd;Nwhiug; Nghw;WNthk;-mth;

rPiug; Gfo;e;njd;Wk; ghLNthk;

ige;jkpo;j; njhz;L Ghpgth;-,e;jg;

ghhpdpy; vq;Fs;s NghjpYk;

Ke;jp mth;jikg; Nghw;WNthk;! - itak;

Kw;Wk; mth;Gfo; rhw;WNthk;!

nre;jkpo; Nkd;ikia Cnuyhk;-nrd;W

nrg;Gth; ahnud;w NghjpYk;

rpe;ij kfpo;e;J nfhz;lhLNthk;-mth;

rPiug; Gfo;e;njd;Wk; ghLNthk;!

fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif!fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif!fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif!fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif!fk;gd; tpohtpw;Ff; Ffd; tUif!

mwpnthspaha; mkh;e;jpUf;Fk; mwpQh; khNu!

md;Gkpf;f jha;khNu! ,sQ;rpq; fq;fhs;!

epiwFlkhk; cq;fSf;F eLtpy; ahNdhh;

miuFlkha; te;jpq;Fj; jSk;G fpd;Nwd;!

FiwapUg;gpd; nghWj;jUs;tPh;! epiwV NjDk;

$bte;jhy; tho;j;jpLtPh;! Ffdha; ,e;j

tWikapyhg; ghHPrpy; fk;g dhld;

khz;Gkpf;f tpohf;fhz te;Js; Nsd;ahd;!

rpWJspjhd; ngUnts;s khfpg; ghAk;

rpw;Wspjhd; ngUkiyia cilj;Jj; js;Sk;!

rpwpatdhk; ahDk;mijg; NghNy vz;zpr;

rPh;kpFj;j tpohtpdpNy gq;F nfhz;L

nghpagzp jkpOf;Nf nra;t jw;Fg;

Nguhir nfhz;Lkpfj; Jzpr;r NyhL

tuyhNdd; uFuhkd; fijiag; ghb

tUzpj;j fk;gidahd; tho;j;J NtNd!

cyfk; ahitAk; jhKs thf;fYk;

epiy ngWj;jYk; ePf;fYk; ePq;;fyh

myfpyh tpisahl;Lilj; jpUkhy;

mtjhuk;ghba fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

fhapNy Gspg;gnjd;d fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

fdpapNy ,dpg;gnjd;d fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

khatd; jhidnad;W fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

kaq;fptpl;Nl da;ah fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

fhapNy Gspg;gnjd;d fk;gh;ngUkhNd!

fdpapNy ,dpg;gnjd;d fk;gh;ngUkhNd!

NjidAk; kPidAk; ,dpnjd cz;lndd;

jpUTil ,uhftd; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

FfndhLk; jk;gpah; Ith;vdf; nfd;Nw

$wpdd; ,uhftd; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

Ehw;Wg; gjpndl;Lg; glyq;fs; fz;l eP!

Ffg;glyk; fz;lha; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

eP gilj;j ghj;jpuq;fs; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

Nehpy;tuf; fz;Lte;Njd; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

ige;jkpopd; Nkd;iknayhk; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

ghhpdpy; gutf;fz;Nld; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

nre;jkpo;g; Gytnuy;yhk; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

Nrh;e;Jtuf; fz;Lte;Njd; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

ghhPrpy; cd;GfNo fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

ghLtijf; Nfl;L te;Njd; fk;gh; ngUkhNd!

nghpagzp jkpOf;Nf nra;t jw;Fg;

Nguhir nfhz;Lkpfj; Jzpr;r NyhL

fhpaepw ,uhkdJ fhtp aj;ijg;

ghhPrpy; fz;Lte;Njd; fz;L te;Njd;!

NthpdpNy gOj;jgyhr; Risiag; Nghd;W

nty;Yjkpo;r;; Ritjidahd; tpohtpy; fz;Nld;

NehpdpNy Ritj;jpl;Nld; fk;gh; NfhNd!

epiwthf tpilngw;Nwd; fk;gh; NfhNd!

tho;f tz;lkpo; thzh;fs; -vd;WNk

R+o;f gy;tsk; NjhAk; eyq;fNs!


ahJk; CNu - ,jo;-7 (etk;gu; 2004)

epjpahz;L ehl;Fwpg;G

- ,yf;Ftdhu; ,yf;fpa ,izak;

KJngUk; Gytu;> Kj;jkpo;g; Nghu;ths;

- Fd;wf;Fb ngupa ngUkhs;

jkpo;f; fhg;Gj; jiytu; Nguhrpupau;

rp. ,yf;Ftdhu; - jkpo; Xir ehspjo;

Nguhrpupau; ,yf;Ftdhu;

glj;jpwg;G glr; nra;jp

jpUts;Stu; jtr;rhiy ,yf;Ftdhu;

eilNkil miog;gpjo;

neQ;rpy; ,wthjpUg;gtNu?

- Gytu; Gq;fNdupahd;

jkpo;g;gzp khu;fop 1973

nrk;nkhop nrayhf;fj;jpw ;Fr; nra;a

Ntz;Ltd - fl;Liug; Nghl;b

gupRr; rhd;wpjo;

,tu; xU jkpo; ,yf;fpak; - jpdkzp 03-09-

1998

,yf;fpar;; nrk;ky; ,yf;Ftdhu; - jpdkzp

17-05-2009

,yf;Ftdhu; nra;jp kly;

jkpo;f; fhtyUk; - jkpo;g; ngUq;fhtyUk;

- gh. ,sq;Nfh> f.K.> Ma;.K.>

gz;lhufu; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu; xU Nkjif -

tp.ngh. godpNtydhu;> vf;fy;

nkhopg;Nghu; kwtu; ,yf;Ftdhu;

- M.Nfh. FNyhj;Jq;fd;

nre;jkpo;f; fhtyu; Kidtu; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu;

xU jkpo; kwtu;

- epj;jpyf; Ftpay; MrpupaTiu

lhf;lu; rp. ,yf;Ftdhu; mtu;fSf;Fg;

ghuhl;L tpoh

jkpo;f; fhg;Gj; jiytu; Nguhrpupau; rp.

,yf;Ftdhu;

gd;dhl;Lj; jkpo; eLtk;

- ,uz;lhtJ jkpo; khehl;L kyu; 2008

$z;bNy milf;f Kbahj rpq;fk;

- jkpo;g;gzp> fhu;j;jpif 2004

ftpijf; nfhj;J: ghkhiyfs;

tha;NkL rpq;fhu Ntyh; md;G

kidahl;b ,uj;jpdj; jhr;rp ak;ik

Nrahf ,yf;Ftdhh; gpwe;J te;jhh;

nre;jkpiof; fw;Wzh;e;J Kidt uhdhh;!

rhahj jkpo;g;gw;why; jkpio Cl;Lk;

jkpohrhd; gzpKjyha;r; fy;Yh upf;Nf

JhaxU Gytuhf cah;e;J epd;whh;!

njhlh;Kaw;rpf; fptud;Nwh rpwe;j rhd;W!

ngupahupd; jd;khdg; gilf;Nfhh; tPuh;!

gpwo;tpy;yhg; gFj;jwpTf; nfhs;iff; Fd;wk;!

mupkhNghy; Mw;wYs;s jkpo;g;gw; whsh;!

mupJzh;njhy; fhg;gpaj;ij Mq;fp yj;jpy;

tpupthf nkhopngah;j;Jj; je;j Nkij!

tpad;FwSf; Fiutiue;j mwpTg; Ngio!

mupanjDk; Ehy;gyTk; ,aw;wpj; je;j

mauhj ciog;ghsh;> mwpQh; Nfhkhd;!

rq;f,yr; fpak;vd;w ,jnohd; iwAk;

rhy;GkpF «Fws;newpnad; wpjnohd; iwAk;jpq;fspjo;> ehspjoha; elj;jp ee;jk;

rPh;ikkpF jkpNohq;f cioj;j njhz;lh;>

jq;fepfh; jkpo;f;Fupik Nfl;l jhNy

jiyg;gl;Lr; rpiwnrd;w jWf zhsh;>

,q;fpUf;Fk; jkpowpQh; mtiug; Nghy

,aq;FtNuy; jkpo;ntd;W epiyf;F kd;Nwh?

jkpo;j;njhz;lh;

rp. ,yf;Ftdhh;

fiykhkzp> Gyth;muq;f. eluhrdhh;;> GJit

ghujehL xU gok; ngUehL. me;ehl;bd;

njd;Nfhbaha ;j ; j pfo ;tJ Fkh p Kid.

Fkhpf;fiuapNy epd;W fliyf; fhz;gJ Xh;

Mde;jk;. jkpo; ehl;Lf; FzflYk; FlflYk;

Fjpj;njOe;J xd;Nwhnlhd;W Fyhtf; fhz;gJ

Fkhpf;fiu fUkzYk; ntz;kzYk; mLj;jLj;J

mike;J fz;Zf;F tpUe;jspg;gJk; mf;fiuNa.

fd;dpj; jkpOk; ftpd; kiyahsKk; fye;J kfpof;

fhz;gJ mf;fiuNa.

,j;jifa Fkhpf; flw;fiuapNy te;J

epd;whh; xU Kdpth;. mth; jpUKfj;jpNy jkpopd;

xsp ,yq;fpw;W. ePyj;jpiuf; fliy mth; nebJ

Nehf;fpdhh;. me;epiyapy; mtUs;sk; rpe;jidapy;

Mo;e;jJ. jz;nzhsp tha;e;j mth; tz;zj;

jpUKfk; thl;lKw;wJ> fz; fyq;fpf; fz;zPh;

nghq;fpw;W. jOjOj;j FuypNy mth; Ngrj;

njhlq;fpdhh;:

‘Mk;! Fkhpf; flNy! cd;idf; fhZk;

NghJ vd; neQ;rk; FKWfpd;wNj! cd; fhw;why;

vd; cly; nfhjpf;fpd;wNj! me;Njh! miy flNy!

vq;fs; mUikj; jkpo;ehL cdf;F vd;d jPq;F

nra;jJ? vq;fs; jha;nkhopiag; Nghw;wp tsh;j;j

ghz;bad; cdf;F vd;d gpio nra;jhd;?

jkpo;ehl;L %Nte;jUs; vkJ mkpo;jpDk; ,dpa

jkpo; nkhopia Kd;dpd;W Mjhpj;jtd; mtNd

vd;gij eP mwpaha; NghYk;> fz;Zk; MtpAkhfj;

jkpo; md;idiag; Nghw;wpdhNd mk;kd;dd;!

goe;jkpiog; gz;Zwj; njhpe;J Ma;e;J gRe;jkpo;

Mf;fpdhNd! mtd; Gfio mwpe;J eP mOf;fhW

nfhz;lhNah? md;wp> cd; Kj;Jr; nry;tj;ij

mtd; tisj;J thhpf; nfhz;lhd; vd;W

td;fz;ik Aw;whNah?

‘fLik tha ;e ;j fUq ; flNy!

kz;zhir cd;idAk; tpl;lghby;iyNa!

kz;izj; jpd;Wjhd; jPuNtz;Lnkd;why;> gz;G

tha;e;j vq;fs; ghz;behLjhdh cd; fz;zpNy

gl;lJ? tpyq;fpdk; Nghd;w tPzh; thOk; ehLfis

eP tpOq;fyhfhjh? neQ;rhug; gpwiu tQ;rpj;J

thOk; jPath; ehl;il eP jpd;W xopf;fyhfhjh?

gpw ehl;lhuJ cupikiaf; fth;e;J> mtiu

mbik nfhs;Sk; Nguhirg; Ngah;fs; thOk;

ehl;ilg; gpbj;J cz;zyhfhjh? epwj; jpkph;

nfhz;L mwj;ij NtuWf;Fk; ntwpah; thOk;

ehl;il eP mopj;J Kbj;jyhfhjh? gpwg;nghf;Fk;

vy;yh caph;f;Fk;> vd;w gue;j cz;ikiag;

giwrhw;wpa vq;fs; jkpo; ehlh cd; kdj;ij

,sq;Nfhtbfs; cWj;jpaJ? kd;Dapiu nay;yhk; jk;Kaph; Nghy;

fUjpa KdptUk; kd;dUk; tho;e;j vq;fs;

jkpofkh cd; fUj;ij tUj;jpaJ? ehb te;jth;f;

nfy;yhk; ehlspj;J> thb te;jth;f;nfy;yhk;

tpUe;jspj;J> mwnewpapy; epd;w vq;fs; mUikj;

jpUehlh cd; Nga;g;grpf;F ,iuahf Ntz;Lk;?

nghy;yhf; flNy! njd;dtDf;Fhpa

vj;jid Ch;fisj; jpd;Wtpl;lha;! vj;jid

MWfisf; Fbj;Jtpl;lha;! vj;jid kiyfis

tpOq;fptpl;lha;! goq;fhyj;jpy; g/Wsp (gy;Jsp)

vd;w MW ghz;baDf;F chpajhapUe;jnjd;W

jkpo;f; ftpij $Wfpd;wNj! me;j Mw;wpd; moifr;

rq;fg; Gytuhfpa nel;bikahh; ghbdhNu! me;j

Mnwq;Nf? mjd; gue;j kzy; vq;Nf? mt;

Mw;iwf; nfhs;is nfhz;l cd; nfhLikia

mwpe;J> fz;zPh; tbj;jhNd vq;fs; ghz;bad;!

md;W mtd; mOj Fuy;> ,d;Wk; cd; fhw;wpd;

top te;J vd; fhjpy; tpOfpd;wNj! ,k;kl;Nlh

cd; nfhLik? vq;fs; goe;jkpo; ehl;bd;

njd;ndy;iyahfj; jpfo;e;j Fkhpahw;iwAk;

Fbj;J tpl;lhNa! jkpofj;jpd; tlf;F vy;iy

jpUNtq;flk;> njw;F vy;iy FkhpahW vd;W

gdk;ghudhh; ghbdhNu! mf;FkhpahW vq;Nf? jkpo;

$Wk; ey;Yyfj;jpd; vy;iyahf epd;w me;j

Mw ;iwAk ; nf hs ;isnfhz ;L vq ; fs ;

tuk;gopj;Jtpl;lhNa! g/Wsp ahw;Wf;Fk; Fkhp

ahw;Wf;Fk; ,ilNa mike;j ehL efuq;fs;

vy;yhk;> ,Ue;j ,le;njhpahky; cd; nfhLikahy;

fiue ;J xo pe ;jdNt! me ;e pyg ; g ug ; g py ; >

mLf;fLf;fhf cah;e;J Xq;fp epd;w Fkhp vd;Dk;

ngUkiyAk; cd; ghOk; tapw;wpy; gl;L xope;jNj!

INah! eP vq;fs; kz;idf; fbj;jha;> Mw;iwf;

Fbj ;jha ; > kiyia Kbj ;jha ; . ,g ; gb

vy;yhtw;iwAk; thhp vLj;J tapw;wpy; mlf;Fk;

cd;id thhp vd;W miog;gJ rhyTk; nghUe;Jk;!

eP thhp thhp cz;lha;! ePq;fhj tirNa nfhz;lha;

cd; nfhLikahy; jkpo;ehL FWfpw;W> vd; cs;sk;

cUfpw;W>

nebNahd; Fd;wKk; njhbNahs; ngstKk;

jkpo;tuk; gWj;j jz;Gdy; ehL

vd;W FWfpa jkpo; ehl;ilg; ghba nghOJ vd;

kdk; vd;d ghLgl;lJ vd;gij eP mwpthNah?

neLq;flNy! nre;jkpo; ehl;ilf;

nfhs;is nfhz;likahy; eP nfhLq;fly;

Mapdha;! cd; nfhLikahy; ehboe;j ghz;bad;

tljpirapYs;s fq;ifAk; ,kaKk; nfhz;L

tirnahopa tho;e;jhd; cd;idj; Jhw;WNtd;>

mk;kd;didg; Nghw;WNtd;. - uh. gp. NrJg;gps;is


tho;ehs; KOJk; jkpo; cupik

fhf;fg ; Nghuhb kiwe;j Nguhrpu pau ;

rp.,yf;Ftdhu; mtu;fspd; E}w;whz;L

etk;gu;j; jpq;fs; 17-Mk; ehs; njhlq;FfpwJ.

jpUts;Stuhz;L 1940> nrskpa

Mz;L> fhu;j;jpifj; jpq;fs; Kjy; ehs;

(17/11/1909) gpwe;jtu; vdpDk; mYtyff;

Fwpg;Gfspy; ,tuJ gpwe;jehs; 17/11/1910vd;Nw ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

,d;iwa ehif khtl;lj;jpy;

mike;Js;s tha;ikNkL vd;Dk; rpw;W}upy;

j p U . r p q ; f h u Ntyu ; - , uj ; j pdj ; j h r ; r p

,izaUf;F ,uz;lhk; kfdhfg; gpwe;j

,yf;Ftdhu; jkJ ehd;F tajpNyNa

je;ijia ,oe;jhu;. FWepyf;fpohuhfTk; xU

kspiff;fil cupikahsuhfTk; tpsq;fpa

,tuJ je ;ijahu ; kiwTf;Fg ; g pd ;

fld;fhuu;fs; R+o;r;rpahy; ,uz;liu Vf;fu;

e pyNk vQ;r pa nrhj ;J vd;whf paJ

jpz;izg;gs;spapy; Ie;jhk; tFg;G tiu

gbj;jpUe;j ,yf;Ftdhupd; gs;spg;gbg;G

jilg ; gl ; lJ . jkJ mz ;zd ;

j pU . ey ;yngUkhSf ;F cjt pa hf

tay;Ntiyfisf; ftdpg;gJk; khLfis

Nka;g;gJNk mtuJ Ntiyahapw;W. jd;

gps;is gbf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W mtuJ jhahu;

tpioe;jikahy; ,uhrhklk;> xuj;jehL

Mfpa Cu ;fspy ; ehl ;lhz;ikf ;fof

cau;epiyg;gs;spfspy; gapd;W jkJ

Mrpupau;fspd; ed;kjpg;igAk; ghuhl;ilAk;

ngw;whu;. ,tu; vl;lhk; tFg;Gg; gbj;jnghOJ

,yl;Rkzd; vd ,tuJ ngw;Nwhu; ,l;l

ngaiu> ,tuJ jkpohrpupau; rhkp.rpjk;gudhu;>

‘,yf;Ftd;’ vd khw;wr; nra;jhu;. mg;nghOJ

KjNy jdpj;jkpo; kPJ ehl;lKk; jkpopy;

gpwnkhopf;fyg;igj; jtpu;f;Fk; Kidg;Gk;

jkpo;g; Nguhrphpah;fspilNajkpo;g;Nghuhsp

,yf;Ftdhu;f;F Vw;gl;lJ.

gs ;s p ,Wj p tFg ; g py ;

khepyKjy;tuhf tUthu ; vd ,tuJ

Mrpupau;fs; vjpu;ghu;j;jdu;.Mdhy; ,tu; gs;sp

Kjd;ikNa ngw;whu;. md;iwa R+oypy; ,tu;

tUtha;j;Jiw vOj;juhfg; gzpNkw;nfhz;L

FLk;gj;jpd; nghUshjhuepiyia Nkk;glr;

nra;jpUf;fyhk;. vdpDk; ,tu; cs;sk;

jkpohrpupag; gzp Nkw;nfhs;sNt tpioe;jJ.

jpUitahW muru; fy;Y}upapy; Gytu; gl;lk;

ngwr; Nru;e;jhu;. fy;Y}up Kjy;tu; mwpQu;

gp.rh.Rg;gpukzparhj;jpupahu; njhy;fhg;gpau;

tlnkhop ,yf;fz newpiaNa jkpopy;

mwpKfk; nra;jhu; vd;W tFg;gpy; $Wtij

,tu; vjpu;j;jhu;. ’Kjy;tu; Mapw;Nw’ vd ,tu;mQ;rtpy;iy.

,e;j vjpu;g;Gzu;r;rpjhd; ,tuJ

cld;gpwe;j gz;ghfj; jpfo;e;J ,tiu

«,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;L ef;fPuu;» vdj; jkpOyF

Nghw;wf; fhuzkhfpaJ.

jQ;rhT+u ; ehl;lhz;ikf; fof

cau;epiyg;gs;spfspy; jkpohrpupauhfg;

gzpa py ; Nru ;e ;jhu ; . ,tu ; j pUth&u ;

cau;epiyg;gs;spapy; gzpGupe;jnghOJ

,d;iwa Kjy;tu ; fiyQu; mtu;fs;

khztuhfj; jpfo;e;jhu;. jkJ ‘neQ;Rf;F

Mz;ilf; fzf;fpLtJ gw;wpa

rpf;fy; neLq;fhykhfNt ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J

te;Js;sJ. gQ;rghz;lth;fs; tdthrk;

Kbe;J jpUk;gp te;jNghJ> ePq;fs; re;jpuid

mbg ;gilahff ; nfhz;l 13 Mz;L

fisj;jhd; fopj;jpUf;fpwPh;fs;. #hpaid

mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ghh;j;jhy; cq;fs;

tdthrk; ,d;Dk; Kbatpy;iy. vdNt>

jpUk;gpg; Nghq;fs;’ vd;W JhpNahjdd;

nrhy;y> mq;fpUe;j gPr; ;kNuh mtidr;

rkhjhdg;gLj;jp> #hpaid mbg;gilahff;

nfhz;L ghh ;j ;jhYk ; 13 Mz;Lfs ;

Kbe;Jtpl;ld. JhpNahjdd; nrhy;fpw

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jhfTk; kfhghujk; $WfpwJ.

jw;NghJ gpd;gw;wg;gl;L tUfpw

fhyKiwAk;$l gy;NtW khw;wq;fSf;F

MshfpapUf;fpwJ. Mz;ilf; fzf;fpL

tjw;F> njd;dhrpa ehLfspy; ,Utpjkhd

Kiwfisf; filg;gpbf;fpwhh;fs;. #hpaid

mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ xd;W kw;wJ

re;jpuid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ. rpj;jpiu

Kjy; ehisj; jkpo ;g ; Gj;jhz;lhff;

fzf;fpl;L te;j ,Jtiuapyhd fhyf;

fzf;F> #hpad; kw;Wk; re;jpud; ,uz;ilAk;

mbg;gilahff;nfhz;L mike;jjhFk;.

Gj;jhz;L njhlf;fKk;> khjq;fspd; Muk;gKk;

#hpadpd; ,af;fj;ij mbg;gilahff;

nfhz;L fzf;fplg;gl;lhYk;> ,g;NghJ

gad;gLj;jg;gLk; jkpo; khjq;fspd; ngah;fs;

r e ; j p uid Mjh uk hff ; nf hz ;L

cUthf;fg;gl;litahFk;. xU khjj;jpy; ve;j

el;rj;jpuj;jpy; ngsh;zkp tUfpwNjh-mJNt

me;j khjj;jpd; ngauhfr; #l;lg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

ijNa Kjw;wpq;fs; ij KjNy Mz;bd;

Kjy; vd;W ghba ghujpjhrd; mjw;Fr;

rkw;fpUj vjph;g;igj;jhd; mbg;gilahf

Kd;itj;jpUe;jhh;. ,q;F eilKiwapy;

cs;s mWgJ Mz;Lfisf; nfhz;l jkpo;

Mz;L Kiw Mhpah ;fshy; mwpKfg;

gLj;jg;gl;lJ vd;gNj mtUila Fw;wr;rhl;L

jw;NghJ eilKiwapy; ,Uf;Fk; mWgJ

Mz;Lfisf; nfhz;l jkpo; Mz;LKiw

vd ;gJ njhlh ;r ; r paw ;wjhfr ; Row ;r p

mbg;gilapy; mike;jpUg;gJ gytpjf;

Fog;gq;fis Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. mJ kl;Lkpd;wp>

Gj;jhz;L njhlh;ghd Guhzf; fijfSk;

Vw;Fk;gbahf ,y;iy vd;gJ jkpowpQh;fspd;

thjk;. rkw;fpUj fhyf;fzf;if epuhfhpj;J>

jdpj;Jtk; nfhz;l jkpo; Kiwia

cUthf;f vz;zpath;fs; rq;f fhyj;jpy;

ve;j Kiw gpd;gw;wg;gl;lJ vd;gij

Muha ; e ;J > mjd ; mbg ; gila py ;

Mz;LKiwia khw;wp mikf;fNtz;Lk;

vd;W Nfl;ftpy;iy. njhy;fhg;gpaj;Jf;F

ciunaOjpa er;rpdhh;f;fpdpahpd; $w;Wg;gb

ghh;j;jhy;> jkpo; Mz;L Mtzpapy; njhlq;fp

Mbapy; KbtjhfNt njhpatUfpwJ

Mdhy;> jkpowpQh;fNsh jpUts;Sth;

gpwe;jjhff; $wg;gLk; ehisAk;> Mz;ilAk;

itj;Jf; fhyf;fzf;if KbT nra;a

Ntz;Lk ; vd ;W $wpapUf ;f pwhh ;fs ; .

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xU fzf;F my;y> vd;gJ ij Kjy; ehis

jkpo ;g ; Gj ;jhz;lhf Vw ;f KbahJ

vd;gth ;fs; Kd; itf;Fk; thjkhf

,Uf;fpwJ.

ij Kjy ; e his jk po ; g ;

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eltbf;if jpuhtpl ,af;fj;jpd; kpf

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fUj;jpay; eltbf;iffs;jhd;. Ml;rp>

mjpfhuk; vd;gtw;iwf; ifg;gw;wptpl;lhNy…vy;yhk; khwptpLk; vd;gNj nghJthd

Ghpjyhf ,Ue;j #oypy; fUj;jpay;

Nkyhjpf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;JtJ kpfTk;

mtrpak; vd;w cz;ikia jpuhtpl

,af;fk;jhd; rhpahfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;bUe;jJ.

mjdhy;jhd;> gz;ghl;Lj; jsj;jpy; mJ

$Ljyhf ftdj;ijf; Ftpj;jJ. jkpo;

nkhopapy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l rPh;jpUj;jq;fs;

Kjw;nfhz;L ,g;NghJ jkpo;g; Gj;jhz;L

mwptpg;G tiu me;j Nehf;fpy; nra;ag;

gl;litjhd;. muR vd;w fUtpiag; gad;

gLj;jp> jkpo;r; r%fj;jpy; kjr;rhh;gw;w jkpo;f;

fUj;jpay; Nkyhjpf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F

njhlh;e;J fiyQh; eltbf;if vLj;J

tUfpwhh; tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j

,e;j eltbf;iffis tuNtw;fNtz;baJ

jkpohpd; flik. jkpo;g; Gj;jhz;L ij Kjy;

ehspy; njhlq;FfpwJ. ,d;W mjd;

Kf ;f paj ;Jtk ; ekf ;F tpsq ;fhky ;

,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;> vjph;fhyk; mij

ehisa jiyKiwapdUf;F czh;j;Jk;.

ed;wp: R+dpah; tpfld;


ePjp ’apy; fiyQu; mtu;fs; ,jidg;

ngUikAld; Fwpj ;Js;shu ; . g pd ;du ; >

jpUitahW muru; fy;Y}up> nr.nj.ehafk;

mtu;fs; FyNrfud;gl;bdj;jpy; elj;jpte;j

fy;Y}up ney;iy> k.jp.jh.,e;Jf; fy;Y}up>

tpUJefu; nre;jpw;Fkhuehlhu; fy;Y}up> <NuhL

kfhrdf; fy;Y}up> ehfu;Nfhapy; nj.jp.,e;Jf;

fy;Y}up> kJiuj; jpahfuhru; fy;Y}up>

nrd;id khepyf;fy;Y}up> cRkhdpahg;

gy;fiyf;fofk; vdg; gy;NtW fy;tp

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ve;jf; fy;Y}upapYk; ,tu; ePbj;Jg; gzpGupa

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jl ;bf ;Nfl ;Fk ; mQ;rhikAk ; ,tuJ

Nghu;f;FzKNk ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; MFk;.

khztupilNa ey;nyhOf;fKk; jkpOzu;Tk;

nropj;Njhq;fr; nra;tNj jkJ jiyaha

gzp vdf; fUjp cioj;jhu;. jkpiog;

gopj;Jg; NgRgtu; ahtuhapDk; cldbahfj;

jkJ vjpu;g;ig ,tu; Gyg;gLj;jptpLthu;.

,q ;qdk ; jkpo ;eyd; fhf ;f ,tuhy ;

kWj;Jiuf;fg;gl;ltu;fs; epiwag; Ngu;.

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aikr;ru ;fs; rp.Rg;gpukzpak;> ehtyu;

neLQ;nropad;> gp.b.,uhrd; vd;W xU ePz;l

ngau;g;gl;baiyf; Fwpg;gplyhk;.

epfo;r;rpfisf; $wj; njhlq;fpdhy;

fhtpakhf tpupAk;. nrd;id khfhzj;jpw;Fj;

jk p o ; e hL vdg ; ngau ; k hw ; wk ;

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kWg;Gj; njuptpj;jhu;. mtUld; ,yf;Ftdhu;

njhLj;j mwpf;ifg; Nghu; topg; GydhFk;

,yf;Ftdhupd ; nfhs;ifg ;g pbg ;igAk;

vjpu ;f ;fUj;ij KfQ;Rspf;fhJ Nfl;l

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fUj;juq;fpy; gbf;fg;gl;l Kjw;fl;Liu

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rkw;fpUjk; Ml;rpnkhopahf ,Ue;jJ’ vd;Dk;

Nfs;tpiaf; Nfl;lhu;. ,jw;F tpilaspf;f

,ayhikahy; Nfs;tpNeuk; KOikAk;

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vOj;Jfs; Njhd;wpd vd;Dk; fUj;ijr; rpy

gpuhkpf; fy;ntl;Lfspd; mbg;gilapy;

typAWj;jpf; $wpdhu;. njhy;fhg;gpaKk; rq;f

,yf;fpaq;fSk; fpwpj;JTf;F Kw;gl;l

fhyf;fl;lj;ijr; rhu;e;jit vd;gijr; rw;Wk;

czuhky; ,g;gb xU gpiogl;l fUj;ijf;

$wKw;gl;likia ,yf;Ftdhu; fLikahf

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ghujpjhrd; . me;jg ; ghly; ,g;NghJ

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fy;Yhhpapy; $ba Ie;Ehw;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l

jkpowpQh;fs;> jkpoUf;nfdj; jdpNa xU

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jpUts;Sth; gpwe;j Mz;lhff; fUjg;gLk;

fp.K.31.Mk; Mz;ilj; njhlf;f Mz;lhff;

nfhz;L jpUts;Sth; Mz;L vd xd;iw

mwptpj;jhh;fs;. rpj;jpiu Kjy; ehisj;

jkpo;g; Gj;jhz;lhff; nfhz;lhLtJ jkpoh;

kuGf;Fg; nghUj;jkhdjy;y. ij Kjy; ehNs

jkpo;g; Gj;jhz;L vdTk; mth;fs; KbT

nra;jhh;fs;.j pUts;Sth ; Mz;L vd;f pw

fhyf;fzf;ifj; jkpof muR 1971-Mk;

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tUtJjhd;. mijr; rdehafk;> rkj;Jtk;

vd;w fUj;jhf;fq;fs; NfhNyhr;Rfpw ,d;iwa

ehspy; ehk; filg;gpbf;f KbahJ my;yth?

kf;fspd; gz;ghl ;L eltbf;iffspy;

murhq;fk; jiyaplf;$lhJ vd;w thjKk;

gpw;Nghf;fhd xd;Wjhd;. cld;fl;il VWk;

tof;fk; ,e;jpa kf;fspd; gz;ghlhf xU

fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ. mJ NghyNt ghy;a

tpthfKk; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;jJ. kdpj

ehfhpfj;Jf;F tpNuhjkhd ,tw;iwnay;yhk;

murpd; FWf;fPLfs;jhd; xopj;Jf;fl;bd.

vdNt> gz;ghl;Lj;jsj;jpy; muR FWf;fpLtJ

vd;gij ehk; jtwhff; fUjptpl KbahJ.


vjpu;j;jhu;. ,t;thW gy epfo;r;rpfis vLj;Jf;

fhl;lyhk;. RUf;fkhfr; nrhd;dhy; ‘nfly;vq ;Nf jkpo pd ; eyk ;? mq;nfy;yhk ;

jiyapl;Lf; fpsu;r;rp nra;f!’ vd;gNj

,yf;Ftdhupd; tho;f;if Kiwahf ,Ue;jJ

vdyhk;.

nkhopapay;> ,yf;fzk;> jpUf;Fw

shuha;r;rp> rq;f ,yf;fpa Muha;r;rp vdg;

gy;NtW nghUs;fspy; epiwa E}y;fs;

,aw;wpAs;s ,yf;Ftdhupd; xg;gw;w rhjid>

jkpopd; njhd;ikahd ,yf;fz E}yhfpa

njhy ; f h g ; g p aj ;ij Mq ;f pyj ; j py ;

nkhopngau;j;J ntspapl;likNa MFk;.

,e;E}Yf;F mwpQu; mz;zh mtu;fs;

mzpe ;Jiu toq ;f pAs ;shu ; vd ;gJ

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. mz;zh thbfd; efUf;Fr;

nrd ;W Nghg ; ghz ;ltu ; mtu ;fisr ;

re;jpj;jNghJ ,yf;Ftdhupd; njhy;fhg;gpa

nkho pngau ;g ;G E}iy md;gspg ;ghf

toq;fpdhu;. Vy; gy;fiyf; fofk; cs;spl;l

gj pd hd ;F mnku p f ; f g ; gy ; fiyf ;

fofq ;fSf ;Fk ; ,e ;E }iy mz;zh

md;gspg ;ghf toq;fp ,yf;Ftdhupd;

Gyikia ntspehl;lhu;f;Fg; Gyg;gLj;jpdhu;.

Nfhitj; jkpohrpupau; khehl;by;1957)» jkpo;g;gapw;rp nkhopahf Ntz;Lkhapd; Mq;fpyj;jpd;

juj;jpw ;F cauNtz;Lk; ; mjw;F xU

E }w hz ;L MFk ;» vd md ;iwa

fy;tpaikr;ru; ehtyu; neLQ;nropad;

njuptpj;jNghJ» jkpo; ehtyuhfpa ePq;fs;Mq;fpyf; fhtyuhf Kayyhkh?» vd

md;GupikAld; jkJ vjpu;g;ig ,yf;Ftdhu;

njuptpj;jhu;. ,jd; tpisthf mtuJ khepyf;

fy ;Y } u p g ; gz pf ;F Kw ;Wg ; Gs ;s p

itf ;fg ; gl ; lnjd pDk ; mtu ; kdk ;

mautpy;iy.

Nghu;g;gz;G’ vd;why; ‘,yf;Ftdhu;’,yf;Ftdhu;’ vd;why; ‘Nghu;g;gz;G’vd;gNjmtuJ gzpiaAk; tho;itAk; gw;wpa

RUf;fkhd Fwpg;G vdyhk;.

myf;fz; thpDk; fyf;f kpd;wp

nre;jkpo;f; nfhbia Ke;Jwj; jhq;fp

jd;khdj;ijg; nghd;nddf; fhj;j

Ez;khz; Gyth;> Ehy;gy gapd;W

ed;khztiu ed;W gapw;wp

tPuj; jkpoh; ntw;wpg; gilia

Cf;fpa nrk;ky; cs;sj; Jbg;ngyhk;

ee;jkpo; tho;nfd elf;Fk; Gutyh;

,yf;Ftdhhpd; ,yf;fzr; rpwg;Gk;

jdpj;jkpo; nfhQ;Rk; ,dpj;j eilAk;

epkph;e;j tPWk; mike;j rPUk;

vz;zp naz;zp Vj;jpL NthNk!

Kd;nkhop> njhd;nkhop Kj;jkpo; nkhopNa

,e;jpa ehl;bw;Nfw;w nghJnkhop>

jkpoh; cwq;fj; jkpOwq;fpaNj!

jkpoh; vOe;Nj jkpio vOg;gp

jpUf;Fws; Kurk; jpirnayhk; Mh;j;Nj

rpyk;G FYq;fj; jpUelkhb

cyf Nkilapy; ,yFj; jkpNo

njhz;L gutj; Jhah; vOkpNdh!

fhtpak; rpw;gk; xtpak; $j;J

ehl;bak; Mfpa ew;fiy fhl;b

tpQ;Qhdf; fiy tpaDuj; Njh;e;Nj

mUSk; nghUSk; md;Gk; nghJs

,d;gg; gtdp vz;bir ajpu

cyfk; Gfo ck;gUf; NfFk;

thd;ntspf;F mg;ghYk; ts;Stk; Xjg;

gzpfs; gutj; JzpTld; tUtPh;!

ige;jkpo; tsh;j;j ige;jkpo;g; Gythpd;

gpwe;j ehisg; ngUe; jkpOyfk;

rpwe;j ehnsdr; nra;Nthk;

mwe;ju ey;yPh; Mf;fKk; Cf;fKk;

toq;fp ePLop toptop thopNu!

fyf;fkpy;yh ,yf;Ftdhh;

ftpNahfpRj;jhde;j ghujp

;

ahDs ehSk; ,yf;Fth; tho;f!

ahDs ehSk; ,yf;Fth; tho;f!

fhDs fdpfspd; fzf;nfd tho;f!

ahdpUe; njd;d? vthpUe; njd;d?

NjdpUf; Fe;jkpo;j; nja;t kf;fl;Nf?

mUe;jkp owpe;Njh uhapu Nghpy;

ahUsh;? jkpo;g;gif vd;gif vd;Nghh;!

«jpUntyh nka;jj; njUnty;yhk; Ngrp>tUtd ahnjDk; tha;g;ngjph; Nehf;fp

tho;gth; gy;Nyhh;> tz;lkpo;f;(F) mtuhy;

R+o;eyk;; ahnjDk; tha;g;ngjph; Nehf;fp

tuntjph; ghh;j;Nj tho;j;Jth; jkpio!

tUk;nghUs; Nrh;f;f tiuFth; gd;Dhy;>

Gjpdk; vOJth;> Gfo;g;gh jPl;Lth;>

vjpYs? jkpo;Nghy; vopnydf; fhl;Lth;>

vy;yhk; nry;t Vw;wk; ngww;Nf!

,th;jkhy; jkpo;g;gaph; Vw;FNkh fhty;?kzpf;fzf; nfz;zp khzth; jk;kpilg;

gpzpgrpg; Nghf;fg; NgRth; jkpio>

jkpo;eyk; NgRk; jd;ika uy;yhy;

jkpo;g;gif Xl;l jkpo;g;gaph; fhf;f

VJk; nra;jpyh;> vz;zTk; mQ;rpdh;>

ahJNk mwpah Rtnud tho;e;jdh;>

vdf;Fiw NgRNthh; ,Lg;nghbe; jplNt

jdf;nfd thohd; jkpo;f;nfd tho;thd;>

mg;gpio Nghf;fpdhd;> mhpkh neQ;rd;>

Kg;goj; jkpOf;F %thj; jiykfd;>

fhg;gpae; jd;idf; fz;nldj;> je;Jnjhy;

fhg;gpa NuNghy; fhl;rp aspg;gtd;>

,yf;Ftg; nghpNahd; ,Ue;jkpo;f; nfdNt

NtYhh;r; rpiwia Ntl;ldd; khNj!

jhf;Fk; rpiwAk; jkpo;f;nfdpd; Nrhiy>

Jhf;Ff; fapWk; Jzh;g;G+ khiy

nre;jP nadpDk; nre;Nj Ndhil

nre;Njs; nfhl;Lk; nrt;tpjo; Kj;jk;>

vDKsq; nfhz;l ,yf;Fth; tho;e;jpbd;

eyf;Fiw nty;yhk; ez;ZNkh jkpio?

gydpiy nad;gJ ige;jkpo;f; FWNkh?

miyf;fopf; Fe;Ja uz;LNkh jkpio?

,yf;Ft ey;Nyhd;> «vd;Daph;j; jkpiof;

fyf;FW Jd;gf; fhl;bid aopg;Ngd;>

KbGide; juir Kj;jkpo; Vw;Fk;

gbnra Kide;Njd; glh;Jah; ghNud;!

gapw;W nkhopnadg; ige;jkp ohFk;

nraphpyhr; rpwg;ig capuspj; NjDk;

fz;Lsk; kfpo;Ntd;» vd;Wse; jd;dpy;tQ;rpd Nkw;W tho;fpwhh; Jhah;!

md;dth; thopd; mUe;jkpo; thOk;>

njd;dth; kz;zpy; jpfo;Gfo; #Ok;>

Kd;dth; jk;Gfo; Kfpo;j;jpL kpq;Ff;

fz;zid ahd;> jkpo;f; fhtyd; nghd;db

vd;jiy itj;J Vj;Jtd; ahNd!!

jkpo;f;Fyk; thoj; jkpo;f;Fapy; ghlj;

jiykfd; ,yf;Fth; jhd;th opaNt!!!

miyfly; Kj;njd Md;Nwhd;

epiyGfo; ngw;W nebJth opaNu!!!

Gyth; mhpkjp njd;dfdhh;> GJit

- jkpo;g;nghpahh; kapiy. rptKj;J

,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!

cynfyhk; cte;J Nghw;Wk;

cah;jkpo; nkhopiaf; fhf;fg;

gyg;gy ,lh;fs; jhq;fpg;

ige;jkpo; nkhopia tsh;j;jPh;!

myfpyh md;gp dhNy

mwpQh;fs; tpae;J Nghw;w

,yfpa cs;sk; ngw;w

,yf;Ftg; ngUk thop!


mUe;jkpo; md;id cd;jd;

mUspid Ntz;b epd;Nwd;!

tpUg;gkha; ePAk; te;jha;

Ntz;ba jkpioj; je;jha;!

mUSld; nfhLj;j jhNa!

mofpa khiy nra;a

eWkzk; fkOk; G+it

eaj;Jld; nfha;J te;Njd;!!

thbLk; kyupd; khiy

thrKk; kiwe;J NghFk;!

ehbLk; vd;id Vw;f

ey;yNjhu; ghly; nra;J

#bl tpUk;gp ey;y

Rfkhd re;j ahg;igj;

Njbehd; ghu;j;Njd;! vd;Wk;

njtpl;blhj; jkpopd; cs;Ns!!

,yf;fzk; fw;w jpy;iy!

,yf;fpak; gbj;j jpy;iy!

fyq;fpLk; kdj;ijj; Njw;w

ftpfspd; ahg;igf; fw;f

gyuplk; Ntz;bf; Nfl;Nld;!

ghujp jhrd; te;jhh;!

fyg;glk; ,y;yh ahg;igf;

fdpTld; fw;Wj; je;jhu;!!

fbdkha; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W

ftpgy vOjpg; ghu;f;f

Kbtpdpy; Gupe;J nfhz;Nld;

Kad;wpbd; Kbah njd;W!!

mbtiu ,y;yhg; ghly;

mstb mfty; xd;iw

tbTld; mikj;Jg; ghu;f;f

te;jNj mjd;Nky; fhjy;!!

ige;jkpo; nkhopNa Nghw;wp

tpUk;gpNa mWrPh; vz;rPu;

tpUj;jq;fs; fw;f> vd;wd;

FUtplk; gzptha;f; Nfl;Nld;!

Fiwtpyh Kiwapy; ehSk;

mUspl mwpe;Njd;! ghf;fs;

mzpfSk; fUj;Jk; Nruf;

fUntd tsUk; ghl;L

fye;jpl ,dpf;Fk; neQ;Nr!

gz;fspd; kd;dd; vd;Dk;

goe;jkpo; ntz;gh jd;idf;

fz;fth; tz;zk; nra;J

fw;wpl czu;e;Njd;;; ghTk;

cz;ikaha; mike;j rPUk;

xOq;Fld; mbfs; ngw;Nw

ngz;fspd; moF Nghd;W

Ngzpl caUk; ed;Nw!

G+f;fis cdf;Fr; #l;lg;

G+itehd; tpUk;g tpy;iy!

ghf;fisr; nra;J R+l;bg;

gilj;jpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W

Vf;fkha; ,Ue;j neQ;Rf;(F)

vspikaha;f; fw;Wj; je;j

ghf;fspd; ,Uf;Fk; ey;y

ige;jkpo; nkhopNa Nghw;wp!!

mUzh nry;tk;Les noms des mois Sittiraï,

Vaïkasi, Ani, Adi, Avani, Pourattasi,Aïpassi, Karthigaï, Margaji, Thaï, Masi,Pangouni seraient des noms tamouls. Denos jours, les Tamouls épris de leur langue,les érudits et les sages ne l’utilisent plus.Ils utilisent les noms nouvellement créésMéjam, Vidaï, Adavaï, Kadagam,Madangal, Kanni, Toulaï, Nali, Silaï,Souravam, Koumbam, Minam. Ils lepropagent. Pourquoi les anciens noms desmois ont-ils été écartés ? Pour quelleraison de nouveaux noms ont-ils étécréés ?

Les noms tels Sittiraï ne sont pastamouls. Devanéyappavanar pensa que lesnoms des mois tamouls devraient être enTamoul et créa de nouveaux noms. LesTamouls, adeptes de la pureté de la langueet les chercheurs, l’ont adopté et l’utilisentdans la pratique.

Il est normal de gagner del’argent pour vivre .Il est d’usage aussi defaire des efforts pour retrouver un objetperdu ! Il est bon de détruire les mauvaisesactions qui pourrissent la vie ! Ces idéespeuvent s’appliquer aussi à la linguistique.Pour qu’une langue se développe et semaintienne, créer de nouveaux motsnécessaires, retrouver les mots perdus,enlever les mots étrangers empruntés, toutcela contribue à protéger la pureté et larichesse d’une langue. Le linguistePavanar, en extirpant les mots étrangersqui désignaient les mois tamouls et enforgeant de nouveaux mots tamouls,n’avait pour but que de protéger etdévelopper la pureté de la langue.

Les Anglais, bien que des mots étrangerssoient fortement présents dans leur langue,célèbrent et glorifient les ouvrages de

Les noms des mois tamoulsLes noms des mois tamoulsLes noms des mois tamoulsLes noms des mois tamoulsLes noms des mois tamouls

certains érudits, ne comportant aucun motétranger. En France où je travaille, desétudiants japonais étaient venus visiter uneexposition. Quand ils sont passés à la salleoù je travaillais, je leur ai fourni desexplications sur les objets qui s’ytrouvaient en Anglais. Plusieurs de cesétudiants connaissaient très bien l’anglais.Mais ils n’ont même pas dit un seul moten Anglais. Ils posaient des questions qu’enjaponais. Ne connaissant pas le japonais,je donnais toujours les informations enAnglais sur les objets qu’ils me montraient.Jusqu’à la fin, ils n’ont prononcé aucunmot en Anglais .Ils ne parlaient qu’enJaponais. Finalement j’ai posé une questionà une étudiante. Vous, qui avait comprisl’explication en Anglais, pourquoi n’avez-vous pas parlé en Anglais ? Est-ce que vousne connaissez pas bien l’anglais ? A cettequestion, cette étudiante répondit d’unefaçon admirable en Anglais. Nous tousconnaissons très bien l’anglais. Nousn’aimons pas, sans aucune raison, parlerou écrire dans une langue étrangère. J’étaisabasourdi par l’amour de leur langue desétudiants japonais.

Mon ami, qui était mon invité,parla avec l’un de ses amis au téléphone.Il utilisait beaucoup de mots anglais.J’ai compris plus tard que mon amimélangeait des mots en anglais dans le seulbut de montrer qu’il maîtrisait cette langue.

Il faut s’interroger sur le fait queles Tamouls veulent montrer aux autresqu’ils connaissent l’anglais et que lesétudiants japonais ne veulent pas parler enAnglais. Seuls, ceux qui comprennent lagrandeur du Tamoul et vivent en protégeantsa spécificité, seront considérés commeTamouls. - Traduction de B. Dassaradane


nre;jkpo; tsh;j;j nrk;ky;rp. ,yf;Ftdhh;

Gyth; nr. ,uhkypq;fk;> GJit-4

e hfg ; gl ; bdk ; k htl ; lk ;

miktjw;F Kd;gpUe;j jQ;ir khtl;lk;>

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vDk; rpw;Whhpd; fPof;fhl;Lg; gFjpapy;

kspif tzpfk; nra;J rpwg ;Gld;

tpsq;fpte;j rpq;fhuNtyh; - ,uj;jpdj;

jhr;rp mk;ik ,izaUf;F ,uz;lhk;

kfdhf 17-11-1909,y; gpwe;jth; Nguhrphpah;

rp. ,yf;Ftdhh;.

Nguhrphpah; ,yf;Ftdhh; jk;

ehd;fhk; mfitapy;> caphpDk; Nkyhd

je;ijia ,oe;J kpFe;j Jd;gKk;

JauKk; mile;jhh;. ,yf;Ftdhhpd;

mz ;zd ; ey ;yngUkhs ; ,sk ;

mfitapNyNa FLk;gg; nghWg;ig Vw;f

Ntz ;ba R + o ; e piy Vw ; gl ; lJ .FLk;gj;jpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd epyq;fis tpw;W

tzpfj;jhy; te;j fld; Rikfis

xUthW rhp nra;jdh;. FLk;gg; nghUspay;

epiyahy;> khLfs; Nka;f;Fk; rpWtidAk;

epWj;jptpl;ljhy; ,yf;FtdhNu rpWtajpy;

jk; tPl;L khLfis Nka;j;J te;jhh;

vd;gij mwpAk; NghJ rpWtdha; ,Uf;Fk;

NghNj mth; ve;jj; njhopiyAk; ,opthf

vz;zpajpy;iy vd;gij ed;Fzuyhk;

mth; gzpahw;Wk;NghJ Nguhrphpauha;

,Ue;J jkpohrphpauhfTk;> xNu nghWg;gpy;

cah;e;j rk;gsk; xU fy;YhhpapYk;

Fiwe;j rk;gsk; NtnwhU fy;YhhpapYk;

ngw;wpUf;fpwhh;. me;epiyiaf; $l ,opthf

vd;Wk; fUjpajpy;iy.

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ngWk; tifapy; murklk;> xuj;jehL

Mfpa ,U Ch;fspy; cs;s gs;spfspy;

czTk;> ciwASk; nfhLj;J cjtp

te;jdh;. cwtpdh; cjtpahy; murklj;jpy;

cs;s njhlf;fg; gs;spapy; Nrh;e;J

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khztdhf te;jth; xuj;j ehL gs;spapy;

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ntw;wpngw;Wf; FLk;gg; nghUspay; Fiwthy;

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cUthf;fpa ngUik rhkp rpjk;gudh

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jpUts;Sth; khzth; fofr; nrayhsuhfTk;

,Ue;jhh;. gy jkpo; mikg;Gfs; elj;jpa

tpoh Nkilfspy; Vwpg; nghopTfs; nra;J

ghpRfSk; ghuhl;LfSk; ngw;whh; ,yf;Ftdhh;.

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gapw;rpiaAk; Kbj;Jf; Flthry;> jpUth&h;>

ed;dpyk; Mfpa Ch;fspy; jkpohrphpauhfg;

gzpahw ;w pj ; jkpo ;j ;njhz;ilNa jk;

tho;tpay; njhz;lhf vz;zpr; nray;gl;lhh;.

ed;dpyj;jpy; gzpnra;Ak;NghJ ,yf;Ft

dhhpd; vz;zj;jpw;Nfw;gj; jkpOzh;T nfhz;l

jkpo; khjg; ngah;fs;jkpo; khjg; ngah;fs;jkpo; khjg; ngah;fs;jkpo; khjg; ngah;fs;jkpo; khjg; ngah;fs;

rpj;jpiu> itfhrp> Mdp> Mb> Mtzp>

Gul;lhrp> Ig;grp> fhh;j;jpif> khh;fop> ij>

khrp> gq;Fdp vd;gd jkpo; khjg; ngah;fshk;.

,g;ngah;fisj; jkpo; md;gh;fSk;> jkpo;

mwpQh;fSk;> rhd;Nwhh;fSk; ,g;nghOJ

ifahs;tjpy;iy. Gjpajhf cUthf;fg;gl;l

Nkok;> tpil> Mlit> flfk;> klq;fy;> fd;dp>

Jiy> esp> rpiy> Rwtk;> Fk;gk;> kPdk;

vd;Dk; ngah;fisg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;>

gug;Gfpd;wdh;. Vd; Kd;gpUe;j jpq;fl;ngah;fs;

e Pf ;fg ; gl ;ld? Vd ; Gj pa ngah ;fs ;

cUthf;fg;gl;ld?

rpj;jpiu Kjyhfpa jpq;fl;ngah;fs; jkpo;

my;y. jkpo; khjq;fspd; ngah;fs; jkpohf

,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd tpUk;gpa nkhop QhapW

NjtNeag; ghthzh; Gjpa khjg; ngah;fis

cUthf;fpdhh;. ghthzh; gilj;j khjg;

ngah;fisj; jdpj;jkpo; md;gh ;fSk;>

Ma;thsh;fSk; Vw;Wf;nfhz;L eilKiwg;

gLj;Jfpd;wdh;.

tho;f;if tho;tjw;Fj; Njitahd

nry;tj;ij <l;Ljy; KiwNa. ehk; ,oe;j

xU nghUis kPz;Lk; Kad;W ngWjy; kuNg!

tho;it mopf;Fk; jPar; nray;fis xopj;jy;

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Le Nouvel An Tamoul,

est-ce le mois de Sittiraï ou le mois de Thaï ?

Le Nouvel An Tamoul, est-ce le moisde Sittiraï ou le mois de Thaï ? C’est Sittiraïqui est célébré comme le nouvel an tamoul.Mais les érudits tamouls célèbrent Thaï commele nouvel an tamoul. Ceux qui les suivent lecélèbrent de la même façon. Les gensordinaires qui ignorent tout sont troublés. Pourquelle raison les érudits tamouls ont-ils écartéSittiraï et ont choisi Thaï ? Quand ont-ilschoisi ? Quelles sont les personnes qui ontparticipé à ce choix ? Si nous pouvionsrépondre à tout cela, le trouble s’estompera etla clarté s’installera.

Les noms des mois Sittiraï, Vaïkasi,Ani, Adi, Avani, Pourattasi, Aïpassi, Karthigaï,Margaji, Thaï, Masi, Pangouni qui sont enusage ne sont pas tamouls. Les érudits tamoulsont préféré que les noms des mois tamoulssoient des mots tamouls. Parmi les noms des60 années de Prabhava jusqu’à Atchaïya, iln’y en aucun en tamoul. Comme ce cycle de60 années est en usage, il ne sert pas non plusà compter au-delà des 60 ans.

Ayant compris cette anomalie, lesérudits et les poètes tamouls se sont réunis en1921 au collège Patchaïyappan et ont réfléchipour arriver à 3 conclusions principales. 1.Débuter le calendrier avec l’année denaissance de Tirouvallouvar. 2. L’adoptercomme l’An Tamoul. 3. L’époque deTirouvallouvar est 31 avant Jésus Christ(2010+31=2041) Le premier mois ducalendrier c’est Thaï ; le dernier c’est Margaji.Le début du Nouvel An Tamoul est le 1er jourdu mois de Thaï. Parmi les personnes qui ontfait ce choix figurent le grand MaraïmalaïAdigal, Thirou.Vi.Ka, K. Soupramanian, lesivaïte Satchithanantham, les romanciers

N.M.Vengadassamy, SomassoundiraBharathiyar, Ki.A.Pé. Vissouvanatham. Ils ontlancé un appel au peuple et à l’Etat pour qu’ilsl’acceptent et le suivent dans la vie sociale etdans les traditions.

L’Etat de Tamil Nadu ayant adoptéle calendrier Tirouvallouvar l’utilsa en 1971dans l’agenda gouvernemental, en 1972 dansla gazette officielle et à partir de 1981 l’utilisesdans tous ses actes officiels. A partir de 1970,il célèbre le 2 du mois de Thaï comme la fêtede Tirouvallouvar. Ce jour-là, il décerne desmédailles Tirouvallouvar à tous ceux qui ontœuvré pour le Tamoul et Tiroukkoural, etdistribue des aides financières aux érudits etaux poètes tamouls qui sont dans le besoin.

Devanéyappavanar pensa que lesnoms des mois tamouls devraient être enTamoul et les changea comme suit :Méjam (Sittiraï) Vidaï (Vaïkasi) Adavaï (Ani)Kadagam (Adi) Madangal (Avani) Kanni(Pourattasi) Toulaï (Aïpassi)Nali (Karthigaï) Silaï (Margaji) Souravam(Thaï) Koumbam (Masi) Minam (Pangouni).Les Tamouls, adeptes des noms tamouls desmois de Pavanar, célèbrent le Nouvel An aumois de Thaï.

C’est le devoir des Tamoulsd’adopter et de suivre le calendrierTirouvallouvar et le mois de Thaï commeavaient préconisé les érudits et les poètes. Unpays, qui ne prend pas en considération lesidées des érudits de sa langue, ne peut sedévelopper. Par conséquent, suivons les règlesdes sages défenseurs de la langue tamoule !Défendons la gloire dans la pureté de la languetamoule ! - Traduction de B. Dassaradane


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tho;tpy; tof;fpy; gpd;gw;wy; Ntz;Lk; vd;W

Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jhh;fs;.

jkpo; ehl;L muR jpUts;Sth;

Mz;L Kiwia Vw;W 1971 Kjy; muR

ehl;Fwpg;gpYk; 1972 Kjy; murpjopYk; 1981

Kjy; murpd; midj;J mYty;fspYk;

gpd;gw;wp tUfpwJ. 1970 Mk; Mz;L Kjy;

ij 2 Mk; ehisj; jpUts;Sth; jpUehs;

vd;W nfhz;lhb tUfpwJ. me;ehspy; jkpo;

nkhopf ;Fk; jpUf;FwSf;Fk; njhz;L

nra;jth;fSf;Fj; jpUts;Sth; tpUJ

toq;fpAk;> eype;j jkpo; mwpQh;fSf;Fk;

Gyth; ngUkf;fSf;Fk; epjp cjtp mspj;Jk;

tUfpwJ.

jkpo; khjq;fspd; ngah;fs; jkpopy;

,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd epidj;j NjtNeag;

ghthzh; gpd;tUkhW mtw;iw khw;wpdhh;.

mit Nkok; (rpj;jpiu)> tpil (itfhrp)>

Mlit (Mdp)> flfk; (Mb)> klq;fy;

(Mtzp)> fd;dp (Gul;lhrp)> Jiy (Ig;grp)>

esp (fhh;j;jpif)> rpiy (khh;fop)> Rwtk; (ij)>

Fk;gk; (khrp)> kPdk; (gq;Fdp) vd;gdthFk;;.

ghthzh; R+l ;ba khjg; ngah ;fisg;

gpd;gw;wptUk; jdpj;jkpo;g; gw;whsh;fs; ij

khjj;ijNa Mz;bd; njhlf ;fkhff ;

nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;.

jkpo; mwpQh;fSk;> Gyth;fSk;>

md ;gh ;fSk ; nkho pe ;j j pUts;Sth ;

Mz;ilAk;> ijg; Gj;jhz;ilAk; Vw;Wg;

gpd;gw;WtJ jkpoh;jk; flikahFk.;; nkhop

mwpQh;fspd; fUj;ij Vw;fhj ehL cah;itf;

fhzhJ. vdNt jkpo;nkhop fhj;j rhd;Nwhh;jk;

newp Vw;Nghk;! jdpj;jkpo;g; Gfo; fhg;Nghk;!

- Mrphpah;

jkpoh; Gj;jhz;Ljkpoh; Gj;jhz;Ljkpoh; Gj;jhz;Ljkpoh; Gj;jhz;Ljkpoh; Gj;jhz;L

rpj;jpiu khjkh? ij khjkh?rpj;jpiu khjkh? ij khjkh?rpj;jpiu khjkh? ij khjkh?rpj;jpiu khjkh? ij khjkh?rpj;jpiu khjkh? ij khjkh?


Ngud;Gila Nguhrphpah; ngQ;rpkpd; nyNgh mth;fSf;F md;G tzf;fk;

jq;fs; miog;G fz;L NgUtif mile;Njd;.

vd; je;ijahh;f;F tpoh vLf;fpwPh;fs; vd;gjw;fhf my;yNt my;y!

fhynky;yhk; jkpOf;fhfj; jd;dyk; Jwe;J cioj;j xU jkpo;g; Nghuhspf;F gpuQ;Rj;

jkpoh;fs; vLf;Fk; tpoh vd;gjhy;jhd;! nghq;fy; tpohitAk; jkpoh; jpUehshf ,Ugjhk;

Ehw;whz;bd; ,ilg;gFjpapy; (1936 Kjy;) njhlq;fpj; jhk; kiwAk; tiu elj;jpa

me;jg; ngUkfdhh; Ehw;whz;L tpohTld; nghq;fy; tpohTk; elg;gJ kpfg; nghUj;jk;.

ngz;tpLjiyiaAk; ngz; fy;tpiaAk; ngz;fSf;Fr; nrhj;Jhpik

Ntz;Lnkd;gijAk; typAWj;jp 1933 Mk; Mz;L vopyurp vd;Dk; FWq;fhtpaj;ijg;

gilj;j mg; ghtyhpd; tpohTld; ngz;fs; ftpij GidtJk; ciuauq;fk; epfo;tJk;

rhyg; nghUe;Jk;.

ghbg; ghuhl;l ehd; ghtyd; my;yd;

cskhu tho;j;JfpNwd;!

thahu tho;j;JfpNwd;!

thopa ePtPh;

nty;f fk;gd; fofj; jkpo;g;gzpfs;!

rp. ,yf;Ftdhh; jk; ike;jh;Kidth; kiwkiy mth;fspd; kly;

vq;fs; jkpoh; ,yf;Ftdhh;

<by; Nguh rhd;Mdhh;!

jq;fj; jkpopd; cah;r;rpf;Nf

jiliaj; jfh;ths; tPr;rhdhh;!

nghq;Fk; czh;tpd; Ngr;rhdhh;!

Nghw;Wk; jkpopd; %r;rhdhh;!

rpq;ff; Fuyhy; ek;ktiur;

rPz;b epkph;j;Jk; vOj;jhdhh;!

,e;jp vjph;g;gpy; Nghuhb

Vw;w gjtp Jwe;jhNu!

Fe;jp ,uhky; jkpoh;f;Nf

Fwspd; newpiaj; je;jhNu!

nrhe;j ge;jk; tpl;nlhopj;Jj;

Jha jkpiof; fhj;jhNu!

ke;j klik Nghf;fplNt

khz;ghk; jkpo;r;rPh; ciuj;jhNu!

njhy;fhg; gpaj;ij may;ehl;lhh;

Njhjha;f; fw;f nkhopngah;j;jhh;!

nty;Yk; rq;fj; jkpo;r;Ritia

Ntz;b tphpj;J tbj;jhNu!

gy;Nyhh; gbj;Jg; gad;nfhz;lhh;!

ghlk; ,JNt vdg;gfh;e;jhh;!

nrhy;Yk; nraYk; xd;nwdNt

Jzpe;J epd;whh; ,yf;Ftdhh;!

- ,irthzh; v. rpthee;jk;> gh$h;

Nguhrhd;rp. ,yf;Ftdhh;

cotd; t

Pl;Lg; n

ghq

;fy;

mk;kh vd;wioj;J

mtdpapNy te;jKjy;

,k;khepyj;jpy; vd;

,af;fkha; ,Ug;gtNs!

md;idj; jkpNo!

cd;id tzq;FfpNwd;!

vUJ fl;b> Vu; gpbj;J>

ehw;W el;L> ePu; ,iwj;J>

fodpjdpy; fis gpLq;fp

fjpu; mWj;J> fjpu; mbj;J>

fz;kzpahk; ney; kzpiaia

muprpahf Mf;fp>

cyF tho czTjUk;

cotd; tho;T cau;e;jjhFk;!

jhdpaq;fs; je;Jyifj;

jhdpaq;f itf;fpd;whd;!

itfiwapy; Japy; vOe;J>

thrypNy Nfhykpl;L>

if epiwa muprp fise;njLj;J>

fyaj;jpy; ,l;L mtd;

fjputd; Japy; vOe;J tUifapNy

ghy; nghq;fp ghidapy; topAk; NghJ

nghq;fNyh nghq;fy; vd;W

Nghw;wpg; ghb

jd; ifahy; nghq;fy; ms;sp

jiythio ,iyapy; itj;J

ehnky;yhk; tho;tjw;F ekf;F xspahFk ;

Qhapiwg; Nghw;wpg; gilay; itg;ghd;!

cotdpd; ciog;gpy; $l

cw;wNjhu; Jizaha; epd;w

khl;bw;Ff; $lg; nghq;fy;

kwthky; itj;J mtd;

kdpjdpd; Neaj;jpw;F

kw;WNkhu; rhl;rpahdhd;

Nk jpdj;jpd; Kd;Nd

Nkjpdpapy; te;jpl;l

ciog;gpd; ngUik nrhd;d

cotdpd; jpUehs;!

ijj; jpUehs; ,JfhWk;

jd;jpUehs; vd;wpUe;j cotDf;F

jkpo;j; jpUehs; ,J vd;why;

jhshj kfpo;td;Nwh

njd;dfj;J cotdpd;

nghq;fy; fz;Bu;! - ,dp

vd;dfj;J cotdpd;

nghq;fy; fhz;gPu;!

Gd;diff;Fk; nghq;fy; my;y

<o kz;zpy;!

Gz; tijf;Fk; nghq;fy;jhd;!

ky;Fk; fz;zPh;!

njd;dfj;jpy; cotnuy;yhk; kfpo;e;J nfhs;thu;

vd;dfj;jpy; cotnuy;yhy; Xb xspthu;

tpz; gwit tPRfpd;w Fz;LfshNy

kz;fpz;b kiwe;jpLthu; gJq;Ff; Fopapy;

tpis epyj;jpy; xU gFjp gJq;Ff; Fop

tpQ;rpajpy; ,uhZtk; nra; kuzf;Fop

ntz;kzp Nghy; nrk;kzpaha; gy Fopfs;

ghJfhg;G tyak; vd;w ngaupy; $l

ghjpg;Gj; jkpodpd; taYf;fd;Nwh!

vQ;Rfpd;w epyj;jpd;Nky; nfhj;Jf;Fz;Lk;

vupe;jgb tPo vd;W nghw;ghRk;

ms;sp mtu; tPRtjpy; epyk; mopAk;

mtyj;jpy; tho;fpd;whd; cotd; mq;Nf!

if ,oe;J fhy; ,oe;J

fjWk;NghJ - mtu;f;F

capNuhL tho;tNj

cau;e;j tho;thk;!

Nfhapy; vd;Wk; gs;sp vd;Wk; Ngjk; ,d;wp

fz;lgb tPRfpw Fz;Lfshy;

kUe;jfKk; jhjpfSk; kuzpf;fpd;w

kd;dpf;f Kbahj nfhLikfshy;

ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shFk; jkpo; cwtpy; xU

gFjpahk; cotDk; thbLthd;!

kz;Zf;fha; miyfpd;w rpq;fsj;jhy;

kuzj;jpd; tpspk;gpNy cotd; epw;ghd;!

gwitfs; Nghy; cotd; <oj;jpNy

cwTfisg; gpupe;J miyfpd;whNd!

ku epoypy; jq;Ffpw cotd; mtd;

kdk; kfpog; nghq;FtJ vg;Ngh?

jkpoDf;F xU ehspy; tpbT tUk;

jkpo;g;nghq;fy; cotd; kdjpy; nghq;Fk;!

- v

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rpae;jp


jpUthh; nja;tj; jkpo;nkhopapd;

rpwe;j Ehy;njhy; fhg;gpaj;ijj;

jpUeh ld;wpg; gpwehLk;

njsptha; mwpa Mq;fpyj;Jk;

kUtpy; jkpohk; nkhopapdpYk;

khz;gha; ,aw;wpg; gug;gpLNtha;>

kd;Dk; Fwspd; jpUnewpia

kf;fs; czur; nra;jpLNtha;>

mhpa fiyfs; midj;jpidAk;

mUikj; jkpopy; khzth;fs;

mwpe;J fw;W tpsq;fplNt

Md Kaw;rp vLj;jjdhy;

nghpa njhy;iyf; Fs;shfpg;

gpwq;fp thOk; ngUtPu

ngUikf; Fhpa ,yf;FtNu>

nghpNaha;> thop thopaNt!

ige;jkpo;g; ghtyh; m. fp. gue;jhkdhh;

ngUkq;fy tho;j;Jnfhz;l nfhs;if eOthky;

Fwpj;j nraiy kwthky;

$Wk; fUj;ij khw;whky;

Fytp thOk; ngUkfNd>

mz;Lk; tho;tpy; gynjhy;iy

md;gha; Vw;w ,yf;FtNu>

mhpa #oy; epiyahNy

mile;jha; chpik ,e;ehspy;>

fz;zhh; cyfpy; ,dpNkNy

fUj;J Ehy;fs; gyFtpj;Jf;

fz;Nz mida jkpo;nkhopiaf;

fhf;Fk; epiyik fpilj;jjk;kh!

jz;zhh; jkpo;Nghy; thopaNt!

jkpohh; itia kzypDNk

jifrhy; cyfpy; gy;yhz;L

jioj;J thop thopaNt!

re;j tpUj;jk;

thop thop vq;fs; nry;th> ,dpJ thop thopNa!

thop thop mz;zy; ,yf;FtNu ePh; thop thopNa!

thop thop epd;wd; FLk;gk; ePL thop thopNa!

thop thop ,iwtd; mUshy; ePL thop thopNa!

,yf;Ftdhh; nra;Ak; ,Ue;jkpo;j; njhz;iltpyf;Fthd; nra;j tpidNa - Jyf;fpaNjCopd; typanjhd; wpd;ikahy; kw;nwhd;WR+opDk; Ke;JWQ; nrhy;

- nkhopQhapW NjtNea ghthzh;

fk;gd; mbguTk; fd;dpj; jkpo;j;jhNa!Ik;gj;ije; jhz;il mile;Jtpl;l - vk;Gytd;nry;tk; ,yf;Ftdhh; rPnuyhk; ngw;Wyfpw;gy;yhz;L thof;fz; ghh;

njhy;fhg;gpa Kjy; njhd;Dhy;fs; gw;gyTk;gy;fhy; gapd;W gad;Rug;ghd; - nty;fhyg;ige;jkpop ghh;f;f> ,yf;Ftdhh; ghUyfpy;re;jjKk; tho;f jioj;J - fk;gd; mbnghb rh. fNzrd;

fz;zd; mofpy; fl;Lz;L

fspj;J kfpor; rPh;Mz;lhs;

tz;zg; ghit ghblNt

thapy; te;J mioj;jJNghy;

vz;zk; KOJk; jkpNoe;jp

,dj;jpd; Nkd;ik czh;Nte;jp

cz;L cwq;Fk; jkpoh;fspd;

cwf;fk; fiyj;jy; vd;flik!

gj;Jk; Ie;Jk; epiwTw;Wg;

glUk; tho;tpy; nry;Ntdh?

Fj;Jk; rKff; nfhLikfisf;

nfhs;if nfhz;L nty;Ntdh?

Kw;Wk; Jwe;J jkpo;KdpNghy;

Kjiy Kbit mwpNtdh?

rw;Wk; vd;id mfyhky;

jkpNo! jhNa! fhj;jpLf!

rpWj;ij vd;Wk;! rpyph;j;njOk;

rpq;fk; vd;Wk; kwk;nghq;Fk;!

fUj;ijf; ftUk; ftpijfspy;

fhjy; nfhz;L csk;nghq;Fk;!

fOj;ij mWf;Fk; nray;VNdh?

fhf;if gpbf;Fk; tpidVNdh?

gOj;j cd;wd; nkhopnaq;Nf?

gfypy; cwf;fk;! tpopj;njOf!

Gfiog; Gspkh fha;vd;W

Grpf;f vz;zpg; Gwg;gl;lha;!

,fio ,opit czuhky;

Ve;Jk; nra;if gad;jUkh?

gfiy ,utha; Mf;FtNjh?

ghoha; ehs;fs; Xl;LtNjh?

kfNd vd;W jha;mOt

khz;ig kwe;J cwq;FtNjh?

mbikj; jd;ik ePq;FfNt!

MZk; ngz;Zk; rkj;JtNk!

tpbit Nehf;fp ek;nghpahh;

tpisj;j newpiag; Nghw;WfNt!

klik vd;d? kjpnad;d?

flik vd;d? czh;e;jpLf!

kpbik fz;L cwq;fhNj?

tpuypd; Edpapy; cyifg;ghh;!

mayhh; nkhopiaj; jiygpbj;Nj

MLk; jkpoh! jha;nkhopapd;

,ayhh; ,dpik mwpe;jhah?

,d;gj; jkpio ,irj;jhah?

fay;>tpy;> Gypahk; Kf;nfhbfs; fz;l Ml;rp kPl;lhah?

taypy; Kisj;j fisahf

tho;jy; tho;th? tpopj;njOf!

ghNuhh; Nghw;Wk; gz;ghl;ilg;

gilj;j jkpoh! ,d;Wyfpy;

NtNuh(L) cd;wd; khz;Gfis

ntl;br; rha;f;Fk; gopg+z;lha;!

rPNuh(L) ,Ue;j Gfo;tho;T

rpije;J NghFk;! ngah;kiwAk;!

ahNuh vd;Nw vd;Fuiy

vz;zp cwf;fk;! tpopj;njOf!

$l;Lf; Fs;Ns rpiwg;gl;Lf;

Nfhl;il vd;W $Tfpwha;!

ehl;Lf; Fs;Ns tpopg;NghL

elf;ff; fdT fhZfpwha;!

Vl;Lf; Fs;Ns Gfo;ghb

,Ue;j fhyk; NghJklh?

g+l;Lg; Nghl;Nl cd;tho;itg;

Gijg;ghh; gifth;! tpopj;njOf!


ftpkyh; ghl Ntz;bf;

ftpnaid mioj;jPh;! tz;zg;

Gtpkyh; ahTk; nfha;J

g+e;jkpo;j; jhiag; Nghw;wp!

Ftpkdk; tphpe;J g+f;ff;>

nfhd;kdr; nra;if ePf;f>

mbkdk; nghq;Fk; ghf;fs;!

,bnadj; jhf;Fk;! ghhPh;!

eilngWk; %d;whk; Mz;L

ey;tpoh rpwf;f! ts;sy;

nfhiljUk; kfpo;itf; nfhQ;Rk;

Fsph;jkpo; nfhLf;f! Kd;Nd

jilgLk; gifia Nkhjpj;

jdpg;Gfo; gilf;f! re;j

eilapLk; jkpNo! jhNa!

ey;yUs; je;Nj fhg;gha;!

kpd;dpLk; GfNo! cd;id

vz;zpNa khe;jh; gy;Nyhh;

,d;Daph; <e;jhh;! tho;tpy;

<byhg; Gfiog; ngw;Nwhh;

vz;zplr; rpyNu cs;shh;!

,d;Gfo; Nrh;f;Fk; ghij

jd;dyk; fUjhj; njhz;Nl!

jkpoNd czh;f! tho;f!

jd;Gfo; Ngrpg; Ngrpj;

jkpoNd jho;e;jha;! Nrh;e;j

Kd;Gfo; khz;ig Kw;Wk;

,oe;JeP epd;wha;! Njhoh

cd;Gfo; tsu Ntz;bd;

ed;kdk; Ntz;Lk;! tho;tpd;

gpd;Gfo; epw;Fk;! cd;wd;

ngUikia cyfk; fhf;Fk;!

,g;gad; tha;f;Fk; vd;Nw

Vw;gJ njhz;lh? vd;Wk;

vg;gad; fUjh tz;zk;

Vw;WeP gzpfs; nra;f!

jg;gpyhr; nra;if! cz;ik

jioj;jpLk; tho;f;if! kpd;Dk;

xg;gpyhg; Gfiof; fhl;Lk;!

cd;ngah; cyNf Nghw;Wk;!

kw;wth; Gfior; rha;j;J

kha;j;jpl ,ayh ijah!

ew;wt NkNyhh; ngw;w

eWGfo; tho;it nty;Yk;!

fw;wth; topia ehL!

fUizia neQ;Rs; R+L!

nghw;wtk; md;Ng! ed;Nw

ngw;wth; Gfiof; fhz;ghh;!

tWikiag; Nghf;Fk; jpl;lk;!

tUk;gif Xl;Lk; tPuk;!

kWikia ePf;Fk; Jha;ik!

kjpeyk; Njf;Fk; Nkd;ik!

rpWikiaj; jiyNky; Jhf;Fk;

klikia kha;f;Fk; njhz;L!

nghWikiaf; fhf;Fk; cs;sk;

nghype;jpLk; Gfio <l;Lk;!

gpwe;Js Nehf;fk; vd;d?

gpwh;Jah; Jilj;jy;! kPz;Lk;

gpwthjp Uj;jy;! cz;Nlhk;

gpioglf; fple;Njhk; vd;why;

,we;Js epiyia xf;Fk;!

,d;wkpo; nkhopiaf; fhg;gPh;!

rpwe;jpLk; tho;it Vw;gPh;!

nrOk;Gfo; NjLk; ck;ik!

mUq;ftp fk;gd; $l

mile;jdd; Jd;gk;! ehl;Lg;

ngUq;ftp kPirf; fhud;

Nghplh; gl;lhd;! cz;ik

jUq;ftp tlYhh; ts;sy;

jd;Daph; thb epd;whh;!

ngUk;Gfo; tha;f;f> tho;itg;

gpd;dpa Jd;gk; Nfhb!

Gfo;ngWk; khe;jd; jd;idg;

GtpAshh; VNdh ehSk;

,fOWk; tz;zk; Ngrp

,d;diy Vw;fr; nra;thh;!

mfnkhsph; md;gh; ngw;w

mstpyhj; Jaiu ,d;W

jpfo;ftp vdf;Fj; je;jhh;!

Afftp ahNtd;! cz;ik!

- ftpQ

h; fp. ghu

jpjhr

d;

Gfo;...Gfo;...Gfo;

md;Gilg; nghpaPh;! moFilg; ngz;Bh;!

gz;Gilr; rhd;wPh;! ige;jkpo;j; njhz;Bh;!

rpj;jpiuj; jpUtpoh rpwg;Gw elj;jp

Kj;jpiu gjpf;Fk; gw;Wil neQ;rPh;

mUikj; jkpopd; mKijg; gUfp

cUfp epw;Fk; cah;e;j mitaPh;!

,ize;J nraw;gLk; vd;Daph;j; NjhoNu!

tzq;fpf; ftpij thriyj; jpwf;fpNwd;!

,e;j Nkilia ,dpg;Gwr; nra;Ak;

re;jf; ftpapd; nrhe;jf; fhuh;!

nkhe;ijf; fs;jUk; Nghij Nghd;W

rpe;ij kaf;Fk; nre;jkpo; tpj;jfh;!

ew;ftp rpj;jh; ek;fz. fgpyiug;

gw;Wld; tzq;fpg; ghkio nghopfpNwd;!

,yf;fpa ,izah; ngQ;rkpd; Yhrpah

fyf;Fk; fhjyh; ,uhNrRthp rpNkhd;

tuNtw; Giuia tbj;j mNrhfd;

cukha; ,q;Nf cioj;j cj;jkh;!

fofk; fhf;Fk; fhh;j;jp Nfah;

gof ,dpf;Fk; gz;gpd; nry;th;!

Kbag;g ehjh; nkhope;j tho;j;Jiu

,bahg;gk; Nghd;Nw ,jkha; ,Ue;jJ!

fyf;fy; muq;iff; fyf;f te;j

csq;fs; kfpo ciuj;Njd; tzf;fk;!

mitapy; mkh;e;j md;gh; mfj;Js;

Ritia vd;ftp R+l;Lk; vd;why;

,Uif jl;b vOg;GtPh; Xir!

mUkiwf; fz;zd; mUisg;nghopfNt

Ke;jp epd;W Kj;jkpio

Koq;Fk; neQ;rh;! ek;ngQ;rkpd;!

ee;jp vd;W ehk;nrhy;yp

efh;j;j epidj;jhy; ele;jpLkh?

re;jk; xspUk;! ey;Yiuapy;

rpe;Jk; mKjk;! jkpNohL

nrhe;jk; nfhz;Nlhh; R+hpadha;r;

Rlh;jy; ,aw;if! tzq;FfpNwd;!

Ke;jp Kbf;Fk; gof;fnkyhk;

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Documents

Ilakkuvanar centenary special issue