Imagery and Raster Data in ArcGIS An Introduction

Esri UC 2014 | Technical Workshop |

Imagery and Raster Data in ArcGIS An Introduction Mike Muller Gerry Kinn

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Outline An Introduction to imagery in ArcGIS

ArcGIS provides imagery, has tools to manage it and to exploit it.

Type Presentation Title Here

• Opening Remarks

• Why use imagery in a GIS? • What imagery is there?

- What does ArcGIS provide as ready to use imagery? - What other imagery is there?

• How do I work with imagery? - Geeky Stuff – How do I understand the functionality? - What can I do with imagery?

- Desktop - Server - AGOL/Portal

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Who should be here? This is an introduction

• Are you a new user of Imagery in ArcGIS? • Have you used imagery in one way and want to use it in new ways? • Are you struggling in your use of imagery? • Are you struggling with Esri jargon? • Do you think have questions about what imagery is available?


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• The breadth of image capabilities in ArcGIS • Sources of imagery • Types of imagery supported • Terminology – (for example, why does Esri use the term raster?) • Functionality of desktop, server, AGOL/Portal, mobile • Demonstration of workflows • Presented from an inquisitive perspective

What will we address?


All this is at an introductory level…

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Esri UC 2014 | Technical Workshop | Esri UC 2014 | Technical Workshop |

Why use imagery in GIS?



Imagery If I see it, I can understand it…

…Understanding our world


A friend asked me to check out his farm…






Imagery Characteristics - Timely


Imagery Characteristics - Metric

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What imagery options are there? Choosing the best source for me

• Imagery base maps(often free “to the user”) …mostly used as backdrops - GSD - Timeliness - Feature content

• Sources for analysis (range in cost) …primarily used to acquire feature data - Modality - GSD - Timeliness/Access - Quality - Ability to extract information


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Demo – Imagery Base Maps



Imagery Base Maps in ArcGIS


Base map Source GSD Features Timeliness

Landsat GLS Landsat 15m sharpened Natural Historic epic

Landsat 8 Landsat 8 15m sharpened Natural Most recent

AGOL base image Varied Typical 1m – 0.15m Manmade 1-3 year

NAIP (US only) 4 bands 1m Manmade/natural Current year

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Today there are many options

Modality


ArcGIS Is a Strong Imagery Platform Integrating All Types, Sources, and Sensor Models

. . . Making Imagery a Fundamental Part of the Systems

LiDAR

Thermal

Panchromatic

Multi-Spectral

RADAR

Full Motion Video (FMV)

Aerial

Satellite

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ArcGIS Includes Many Imagery Tools Visualization, Analysis, and Data Management

Open and Leveraged by Partners

Classification

Mosaicking

Pan Sharpen

Color Balance

Ortho-Rectification

Change Analysis

3D Measurement

Automatic Alignment

• Fast

• Dynamic

• Massively Scalable


Imagery Information Model



Key concepts to understand ArcGIS for Imagery

Get big value from data that is too big to move

• Only process what you need, …when you need it - On the fly processing - Raster functions

• Make smart use of the metadata - Raster Products - Mensuration

• Point to the data, don’t move it - Mosaic Data Sets

• Make imagery ubiquitous - Image services - ArcGIS Online

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Basic Concepts

• ArcGIS’ information models are - Object Oriented and Interface-Based - Cross Product (desktop, server, mobile,…) - Rich and Robust - Accessible via Public APIs - Stored in a Geodatabase (File, Enterprise, …) - The models behind advanced business logic

ArcGIS’ imagery information model is easy and accessible…

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Raster Dataset

• Primary information model to read and write raster storage (pixels)

• Comprehensive - 1 or N Bands - 1-64 bits per band - compressed or uncompressed - > 80 formats supported - pyramids (rrd, ovr, internal…)

• Read directly – no need to convert

ArcGIS supports working with individual images…

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Raster Type

- Defines rules for ingesting imagery - Sensor specific - Defines processing chains - Defines pixel storage and metadata schema - Defines georeferencing

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Image File, native form

Raster Function

Screen product

Raster Function

• A function that can be applied to a pixel or block of pixels

• Machinery behind “on-the-fly” processing

• Chained together to create “processing chains”

• Geometric or Radiometric

• 38 out-of-the box

• Developers can extend ArcGIS image processing by implementing a Raster Function

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Image File, native form

Raster Function Chain

Screen product

Raster Function Chains

• Chained together to create “processing chains”

• Geometric or Radiometric

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When do I use raster functions? Process only what you need – on the fly

• GP Tools - I need to generate a new permanent product

- I can use raster products and save the result - I can use GP tools

- I have compute intensive processing (Models, long transactions, etc)

• Raster Functions - I need an ephemeral or intermediate result

- I am working visually - The result of the process feeds into another process


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Raster Product

• Easy to use shortcuts to well known band combinations and processing chains

• Users don’t need to understand all the constituent files associated with an image product

ArcGIS makes it easier to work with well known image products…

A virtual image product – on the fly processing DRAFT


Raster Products

• Virtual image product • Accessible in catalog • Specific to sensors • Built on the fly • Smart use of metadata

Sensor “A” File Raster Product (predefined)

Screen Product

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Mosaic Datasets

• A geodatabase data model - (raster data) - Scalable from small to vast numbers of images

• A catalog of imagery - stores references to imagery, - storing all associated metadata

• Flexible, dynamic mosaicking • “on-the-fly” processing chains

Sensor “A” Files

Function Chains

Mosaic Dataset

Screen Product

request

…for the management of and access to collections of images

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Benefits of Mosaic Datasets

• For the user - Collections of imagery behave as one data element - Define and access “best imagery” - Dynamically order my imagery - An improved user experience

• For the Image Manager - A scalable solution to manage multiple collections, sources - Provide search and discovery - Easily add / subtract and make available imagery - Shorten the time from sensor to use

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Image Service

• Use it as an image (visual analysis) • Use it as raster data (pixel analysis) • Access it as a catalog (metadata)

More than a picture or basemap… DRAFT


Imagery in ArcGIS – Putting it all together

Raster Types

Mosaic Data Set

Imagery Native Form

Points to original Imagery

Function Chains

Harvests Metadata

Access to mosaic datasets on Desktop

Server

Collection

Raster Products

Publishing

Desktop Web Device

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Building Image Services



Many possible services with Mosaic Datasets / Function chains

- On-the-fly processing - Multiple services from single source

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Image Service Capabilities

Imagery

Pixels (DNs)

WMS

WCS

KML

Image Service Flexible Accessibility…

Pictures (RGB)

Single Images

Mosaic Datasets

APIs

ArcObjects

SOAP

REST

Applications

Desktop

Web

Mobile

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Image Service

• ArcGIS Desktop • ArcGIS Explorer • ArcGIS Web APIs (Silverlight, Flex, Javascript) • Esri Business Partner Applications • WMS, WCS, KML, & 3rd party applications

ArcGIS provides Image Service clients out of the box…

ArcGIS Clients… DRAFT


Image Service

Large Collections of Imagery

Single Image

Mosaic Dataset On-the-Fly Processing

Pictures

Pixels

Metadata

Comprehensive Image Access in the Cloud…

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ages

Image Services

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Functionality



What are my choices when working with imagery

• One image at a time - Files - IAW - Geoprocessing

• Group of images - Mosaic Datasets - IAW - Geoprocessing, Raster Processing

• Image services - Service end points - IAW, API’s (custom apps) - Raster processing

Different approaches yield different behaviors

Choices driven by workflow requirements


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What can I do with imagery?

• I can: - use image base maps - process imagery - interpret imagery - make measurements - extract features - build base maps


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Use Imagery Basemaps

• Available as a complementary service from ArcGIS Online - Imagery from various sources - Can be accessed in web apps

• For some users, available from Portal


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Process Imagery

• Geoprocessing tools - More than 80 tools for image management and processing

- Authoring Mosaic Datasets and Image Services - Format Conversion - Compression - Statistics Calculation - Pyramid Building - Clipping / Spatial / Spectral Subsetting - More…

• Raster Functions - More than 40 out of the box tools - Support on the fly processing in desktop and in Image Services


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Interpret, Measure Imagery Desktop-IAW, Rich web clients

• Desktop - Image Analysis Window – grouped functionality - Mensuration function - Raster products

• Web Clients - Enhancement controls - Mensuration - Templates


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Extract Features from Imagery

• Manual – Templates • Spatial Analyst

- Image processing - ISO unsupervised classification - Supervised classification - Segmentation (10.3)


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Build Imagery Services

• Mosaic Datasets • Service end points


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Build Imagery Basemaps

• Mosaic Datasets • Adjustments • Color Balancing • Seam line generation • Caching


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Summary

• Imagery is an integral aspect of GIS • ArcGIS has great functional resources for imagery • Imagery is readily available • Spend time understanding the information model, the technology

- Resource center - Blogs - Workshops, etc.


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Thank you… Imagery and Raster Data in ArcGIS: An Introduction

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First Offering ID: 1176

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Imagery and Raster Data in ArcGIS An Introduction