IMGW – Poland Presentation

IMGW – Poland Presentation

U.S. Approach to Integrated Water Resources and Flood Emergency

Management

March,2003

U.S. Approach to Integrated Water Resources and Flood Emergency

Management

March,2003

Integrated Water Management/ Flood Mitigation

Process

Integrated Water Management/ Flood Mitigation

Process

Water Management is a Critical Chain of Events

GISTools

Data

Sense Water Supply

Communication ForecastDecisionSupport

Notify Coordinate Actions

Get Data WhereNeeded

Future WaterAvailability

Decisions Appropriate Individuals

Water Mgmt. & Flood Control Decisions

• Produce Weather, Water and Climate Forecasts and Warnings

– For All Americans– To Protect Life and Property– To Enhance the National Economy

• Data and Products:– Government Agencies– Private Sector– The Public– Global Communities

• Weather and data are becoming more important to economy and business decisions

– “The annual cost of electricity could decrease by at least $1 billion if the accuracy of weather forecasts improved 1 degree Fahrenheit.” USA Today, 6/19/01

• Produce Weather, Water and Climate Forecasts and Warnings

– For All Americans– To Protect Life and Property– To Enhance the National Economy

• Data and Products:– Government Agencies– Private Sector– The Public– Global Communities

• Weather and data are becoming more important to economy and business decisions

– “The annual cost of electricity could decrease by at least $1 billion if the accuracy of weather forecasts improved 1 degree Fahrenheit.” USA Today, 6/19/01

What We DoWhat We Do

Who We AreWho We Are

• Citizen Centric

– 92% of Operations Budget is Field (Labor, Telecomms, Power, Rent, etc.)

– 88% of all Labor is in Field

• We Are Scientific

– 2/3 Scientists

• Citizen Centric

– 92% of Operations Budget is Field (Labor, Telecomms, Power, Rent, etc.)

– 88% of all Labor is in Field

• We Are Scientific

– 2/3 Scientists

Who We AreWho We Are

HQsHQs

FieldField

NationalNationalReconditioningReconditioning

CenterCenter

NationalNationalReconditioningReconditioning

CenterCenter

Field SystemsField SystemsOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

Field SystemsField SystemsOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

RadarRadarOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

RadarRadarOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

TelecommunicationsTelecommunicationsOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

TelecommunicationsTelecommunicationsOperationsOperations

CenterCenter

Office of theOffice of theChief InformationChief Information

OfficerOfficer

Office of theOffice of theChief InformationChief Information

OfficerOfficer

Office of Office of Climate, Water, &Climate, Water, &Weather ServicesWeather Services

Office of Office of Climate, Water, &Climate, Water, &Weather ServicesWeather Services

Office of Office of Operational Operational

SystemsSystems

Office of Office of Operational Operational

SystemsSystems

Office of Office of Science &Science &

TechnologyTechnology

Office of Office of Science &Science &

TechnologyTechnology

Office of Office of HydrologicHydrologic

DevelopmentDevelopment

Office of Office of HydrologicHydrologic

DevelopmentDevelopment

NWSNWSTrainingTrainingCenterCenter

NWSNWSTrainingTrainingCenterCenter

MeteorologicalMeteorologicalDevelopmentDevelopment

LaboratoryLaboratory

MeteorologicalMeteorologicalDevelopmentDevelopment

LaboratoryLaboratory

SystemsSystemsEngineeringEngineering

CenterCenter

SystemsSystemsEngineeringEngineering

CenterCenter

HydrologyHydrologyLaboratoryLaboratoryHydrologyHydrologyLaboratoryLaboratory

Office of theOffice of theChief FinancialChief Financial

OfficerOfficer

Office of theOffice of theChief FinancialChief Financial

OfficerOfficer

NationalNationalData Buoy Data Buoy

CenterCenter

NationalNationalData Buoy Data Buoy

CenterCenter

Storm Storm Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Storm Storm Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Climate Climate Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Climate Climate Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Marine Marine Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Marine Marine Prediction Prediction

CenterCenter

Space Space EnvironmentEnvironment

CenterCenter

Space Space EnvironmentEnvironment

CenterCenter

Environmental Environmental Modeling Modeling

CenterCenter

Environmental Environmental Modeling Modeling

CenterCenter

Hydro-Hydro-meteorological meteorological

Prediction Prediction CenterCenter

Hydro-Hydro-meteorological meteorological

Prediction Prediction CenterCenter

Tropical Tropical Prediction Prediction

Center Center (National (National

Hurricane Center)Hurricane Center)

Tropical Tropical Prediction Prediction

Center Center (National (National

Hurricane Center)Hurricane Center)

Aviation Aviation Weather Weather CenterCenter

Aviation Aviation Weather Weather CenterCenter

Central Central OperationsOperationsCentral Central

OperationsOperations

EasternEasternRegionRegionEasternEasternRegionRegion

CentralCentralRegionRegionCentralCentralRegionRegion

SouthernSouthernRegionRegion

SouthernSouthernRegionRegion

WesternWesternRegionRegion

WesternWesternRegionRegion

AlaskaAlaskaRegionRegionAlaskaAlaskaRegionRegion

PacificPacificRegionRegionPacificPacificRegionRegion

23 WFO’s23 WFO’s23 WFO’s23 WFO’s

3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s

38 WFO’s38 WFO’s38 WFO’s38 WFO’s

2 RFC’s2 RFC’s2 RFC’s2 RFC’s

31 WFO’s31 WFO’s31 WFO’s31 WFO’s

4 RFC’s4 RFC’s4 RFC’s4 RFC’s

24 WFO’s24 WFO’s24 WFO’s24 WFO’s

3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s

3 WFO’s3 WFO’s3 WFO’s3 WFO’s

1 RFC’s1 RFC’s1 RFC’s1 RFC’s

2 WFO’s2 WFO’s2 WFO’s2 WFO’s

National Centers for National Centers for Environmental Prediction Environmental Prediction

National Centers for National Centers for Environmental Prediction Environmental Prediction

Office of theOffice of theAssistant AdministratorAssistant AdministratorFor Weather ServicesFor Weather Services

Office of theOffice of theAssistant AdministratorAssistant AdministratorFor Weather ServicesFor Weather Services

NWS Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs)

NWS River Forecast Centers (RFCs)NWS River Forecast Centers (RFCs)

Weather Warning PartnershipWeather Warning Partnership

NewsMediaandPrivateSectorMeteorol-ogists

THEPUBLIC

NationalWeatherService

EmergencyManagement

Flow of Hydrologic Products and Guidance

Flow of Hydrologic Products and Guidance

River Forecast Center

Hydrologic Forecasters

Integrated, observed, and forecast data for RFC basins

Data assimilation, integration, and Analysis

Weather Forecast Office

Service Hydrologists

Precipitation Analysis

Local QPF and QTF, general precipitation forecasts

Flash flood watches, river flood warnings

National Center for Environmental Prediction

Quantitative guidance forecasts – QPF, QTF

Large scale computer weather forecasts

County and Subcounty Level Info.

River and weather forecasts and warnings, flash flood warnings, FFG

Hydrologic UsersFeedback

Radar, Stream Gages, Rain Gages

To/from NCEP To/from RFC

International ActivitiesTechnology Transfer

International ActivitiesTechnology Transfer

• Provide technical assistance to International lending Institutions

• Distribute NWS technology to national/ international users

• Establish projects to implement Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Systems with countries

• Provide technical assistance to International lending Institutions

• Distribute NWS technology to national/ international users

• Establish projects to implement Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Systems with countries

International Experience International Experience

Past

• China 1994-1995

• Panama 1996-1998

• Nile River Basin 1992-2000

• Central A. (MITCH) 1999-2001

• Asia-Aral Sea 1999-2002

Past

• China 1994-1995

• Panama 1996-1998

• Nile River Basin 1992-2000

• Central A. (MITCH) 1999-2001

• Asia-Aral Sea 1999-2002

Current

• Mexico 1996-2003

• Central America (CAMI) 2000-2003

• South Africa 1997-Present

• Czech Republic 1998-Present

• Poland 2002-2004

• Romania 2003 ?

• Mekong/Hindu Kush 2003-2005

• India 2003 ?

• Russia 2003 ?

• Iraq ?

Current

• Mexico 1996-2003

• Central America (CAMI) 2000-2003

• South Africa 1997-Present

• Czech Republic 1998-Present

• Poland 2002-2004

• Romania 2003 ?

• Mekong/Hindu Kush 2003-2005

• India 2003 ?

• Russia 2003 ?

• Iraq ?

Who We AreWho We Are

• Issues all Local Forecasts & Warnings

• Builds and Maintains Relationships With Local and State Governments

• Provides Expert Advice to Emergency Operations Centers

• Solicits Customer Feedback on Products and Services

• Conducts Community Awareness and Education Programs

• Trains Volunteer Observers and Storm Spotters

• Issues all Local Forecasts & Warnings

• Builds and Maintains Relationships With Local and State Governments

• Provides Expert Advice to Emergency Operations Centers

• Solicits Customer Feedback on Products and Services

• Conducts Community Awareness and Education Programs

• Trains Volunteer Observers and Storm Spotters

Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Team: Community Weather Experts

Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Team: Community Weather Experts

Respond & Feedback

Respond & Feedback

How We Do ItHow We Do It

IBM SP at Bowie Computer Center in Bowie, MD

FeedbackFeedback

DistributeDistribute

LocalOfficesLocal

OfficesCentral

GuidanceCentral

GuidanceProcessProcess

ObserveObserve

Products & Services

CooperatorsCooperators

FLOOD RESPONSE USERS

FEMA

State Emergency Management

County Emergency Management

City Emergency Management

MEDIA

Transportation

Red Cross

NWS

FLOOD

FORECASTS

FLOODMITIGATION

ACTIONS

U.S. Flood Forecast And Response Structure

How We Do It How We Do It

• Users

– Public

– Emergency Management

– Private Sector

– Government Agencies

– Academia

• Users

– Public

– Emergency Management

– Private Sector

– Government Agencies

– Academia

• Methods

– NOAA Weather Radio

– NOAAPORT

– Weather Wire

– Internet

– Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN)

• Methods

– NOAA Weather Radio

– NOAAPORT

– Weather Wire

– Internet

– Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN)

National Weather Service Hydrometeorological Data Sources

National Weather Service Hydrometeorological Data Sources

• Cooperative observers via ROSA

• Data Collection Platforms via GOES

• GOES images

• Cooperative federal water agencies

• Synoptic surface observation network (ASOS)

• Automated flood warning systems

• Limited area remote collector (precipitation, stage)

• Satellite rainfall estimates

• NEXRAD radar derived rainfall estimates

• SNOTEL - high elevation snow measurement

• Airborne Gamma Radiation Snow Survey

• Cooperative observers via ROSA

• Data Collection Platforms via GOES

• GOES images

• Cooperative federal water agencies

• Synoptic surface observation network (ASOS)

• Automated flood warning systems

• Limited area remote collector (precipitation, stage)

• Satellite rainfall estimates

• NEXRAD radar derived rainfall estimates

• SNOTEL - high elevation snow measurement

• Airborne Gamma Radiation Snow Survey

Data Collection Platform (DCP) Data Collection Platform (DCP)

Radar and Satellite Precipitation Estimation

Radar and Satellite Precipitation Estimation

2000 m AGL

Coverage Of The WSR-88D Network Over The US

Source: Maddox, et. al. Weather and Forecasting, 2002.

1000 m AGL3000 m AGL

Rainfall Estimates - Multi-sources of DataRainfall Estimates - Multi-sources of Data

NASATRMM

TMIPRVIRS

GOESIRVISSOUNDING

NASAEOSMODIS IR+VISASTERCERES

Precipitable Water

Wind Speed+ Direction

Radar GaugeSurface TemperatureSoil MoistureVegetation

Topography(Elevation + Slope)

Watch/Warning Decision Assistance

Surface Obs,

NCEP

Guidance

Local

data

WSR-88D

RadarSatellite data

Flash Flood Guidance Data

Data from

New Observing Systems

LDAD

Database

SCAN/FFMP

AWIPSD2D

Flash Flood and Severe Local Storm Warnings

1,3,6 Hours

DPA,DHRData Environment

Predicting Flash Floods Using Radar and SatellitePredicting Flash Floods Using Radar and Satellite

• Use GIS Data To Define Models & Streams

• Merge Satellite and Radar Precipitation Estimates

• Use Distributed Hydrologic models

• Link QPF To Small Scale Models

• Use GIS Data To Define Models & Streams

• Merge Satellite and Radar Precipitation Estimates

• Use Distributed Hydrologic models

• Link QPF To Small Scale Models

End-to-End Forecast ProcessEnd-to-End Forecast ProcessIntegrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Data Communication

Forecast

DecisionSupport

Notify

CoordinateActions

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program Establish Meteorological And Hydrological Observing Network

Real Time Data Acquisition, Communication, DBMS

Remote Sensing Necessary Because Of Real Time Data Limitations

Develop Meteorological Forecast Capability-qpf

Develop forecasting using existing technical resources

Implement mesoscale NWP model

Establish Meteorological And Hydrological Observing Network

Real Time Data Acquisition, Communication, DBMS

Remote Sensing Necessary Because Of Real Time Data Limitations

Develop Meteorological Forecast Capability-qpf

Develop forecasting using existing technical resources

Implement mesoscale NWP model

Implement Hydrologic Modeling System

Acquire historical hydrometeorological data

Acquire GIS/Link to modeling system for calibration

Multi-hydrologic model capability is requirement

(snowmelt,rainfall-runoff,channel routing,hydrodynamic routing)

Modeling system must be flexible to data availability

Implement Hydrologic Modeling System

Acquire historical hydrometeorological data

Acquire GIS/Link to modeling system for calibration

Multi-hydrologic model capability is requirement

(snowmelt,rainfall-runoff,channel routing,hydrodynamic routing)

Modeling system must be flexible to data availability

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Couple Meteorological Model To Hydrologic Modeling System

Link Hydrologic Forecast System To Decision Support System

Forecasts linked with Response System

Forecasts linked to water resources users

Couple Meteorological Model To Hydrologic Modeling System

Link Hydrologic Forecast System To Decision Support System

Forecasts linked with Response System

Forecasts linked to water resources users

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Forecasts Tailored to Users

Use visualization products to communicate impact

Disseminate Forecasts & Data to Users

Use mass media

RANET

Apply Operations Concept

Develop Capacity and Sustainability

Forecasts Tailored to Users

Use visualization products to communicate impact

Disseminate Forecasts & Data to Users

Use mass media

RANET

Apply Operations Concept

Develop Capacity and Sustainability

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation

Program

Thank you!