Impact of data quality on watershed management—Need for automatic

watershed monitoring

By:

M. J. Abedini and P. Karimaghaei

Hydrologic function of a watershed

Watershed component landforms

Watershed as a system

Scientific approach to watershed management

Case studies I and II

Need for automatic watershed monitoring

Future plans

Outline of Presentation

Capture

Store

Safely release water

Hydrologic function of a watershed

Stream channelsFloodplainsStream terracesAlluvial valley bottomsAlluvial fansMountain slopesRidge tops

Geomorphic component landforms

Alluvial fans A natural grassland replaced by numerous gullies and concentrated flow paths, then:

•Its ability to spread and dissipate energy

•Trap debris and sediments

•Filter and clean surface water

•Serve as an effective infiltration and ground water recharge zone

will be impaired

Watershed as a system

Devising alternative hypotheses

Devising a crucial experiment

Carrying out the experiment to …..

Recycling the above procedure with

remaining competitive hypotheses

Scientific approach to watershed management

Know your watershed

Delineate the geomorphic component landformsDetermine the hydrologic and geomorphic functions of each componentEvaluate the effectiveness of each component in performing its functionIdentify the cause of problem

Scientific approach to watershed management

Plan watershed restoration and management alternatives

Plan on the type of technology to be applied to fix the problemIncorporate the feasible alternative that will restore the impaired component landformsMonitor the implemented plan

Scientific approach to watershed management

Clarify Questions/Issues

Propose Conceptual Model A involving broad hypotheses

Collect Data/Information

To test broad hypotheses

Is Conceptual Model A

adequate to resolve issues ?

Propose Conceptual Model B with more specific hypotheses

Collect Data/Information

to test more specific hypotheses

To conceptual Model B

adequate to resolve issues?

Propose Conceptual Model C

with more detailed hypotheses

Etc.

Stop

Stop

invalidated

invalidated

Yes

Yes

Confirmed

No

Confirmed

No

Key Hypothesis

Case Study I

Khoshk river hydrograph can be obtained by adding upstream two

watersheds’ hydrograph

Key Hypothesis

Case Study II

Causes of Dey 1380 flood compared to Azar 1365 flood

Rainfall monitoring

Spatial variability

Temporal variability

Areal coverage

Need for automatic watershed monitoring

Automating recording raingauges

Runoff monitoringImpact of urbanization

Hypothesis testing

Model calibration

Flood warning system

Need for automatic watershed monitoring

Automating hydrometric stations

Water level sensing

Recording data

Transmitting data via tel. line

Editing and storing

Retrieving data

Component of hydrograph monitoring

Automating tipping-bucket raingauges

Automating evaporation pans

Ground water monitoring

Water quality monitoring

Future plan

Hydrologist require the following measurements:

1. Water level2. Flow3. Pressure4. Force & torque5. Temperature6. Displacement7. Speed8. Radiation9. Material Analysis10. Particle size11. Solved & dissolved gas content12. Cavitation13. turbidity14. Geographical based mapping

Block diagramSensing Element

Transformation

Transmission

Signal Conditioner

Calculation

Display

Dam Automation systems

Data logger

Hardware

Weather Station

The standard package includes:

• Wind Speed• Wind Direction• Air Temperature• Relative Humidity for temp/ humidity• Barometric Pressure• Precipitation• Solar radiation• water or soil temperature• Rain gauge• Data logging • Solar cells.