Impact of U.S. Green Building Programs on Wood Adhesives ... · PDF fileImpact of U.S. Green Building Programs on Wood Adhesives 2012 Update ... Design (LEED®) • GREEN ... and chain-of-custody

Georgia-Pacific Confidential ©2012, Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. All rights reserved.

Impact of U.S. Green Building Programs on Wood Adhesives

2012 Update

William Hull

Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC

Teknomadera 2012

1 1

• Key Green Building Trends

• Green Building Regulations vs. Programs

• Overview of Green Building Standards

– LEED®

– GREEN GLOBES®

– National Green Building Standard®

– Key Changes for 2012-2013

• Resin Technologies

• Conclusion

Agenda

© 2012, Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. All rights reserved. 2

Why Green Building?

• In the United States, buildings account for:

39% of total energy use

12% of the total water consumption

68% of total electricity consumption

38% of the carbon dioxide emissions

• Green Building delivers significant benefits:

Operating cost improvement

Increased building values

Higher occupancy & rent rates

Increased worker productivity

Source: US EPA, McGraw-Hill Green Outlook 2011


$3 $29

$43

$120

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2005 2008 2010 2015 (est.)

$ in

Billio

ns

Green Building Trends

Source: Green Outlook 2011: McGraw Hill Construction.

Green building continues to grow:

Despite recession, value of green building starts increased +50% from 2008 to 2010

Estimated that over 40% of non-residential construction will be green by 2015

U.S. Non-Residential Green Building


U.S. Green Building & Composite Wood: Regulations vs. Programs


Key Regulations

• California Air Resources Board Air Toxic Control Measure to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions from Composite Wood Products (“CARB”)

• U.S. Formaldehyde Standards for Composite Products Act (to take effect in 2013)

Sets formaldehyde emission limits

for particleboard, MDF, and hardwood plywood

Mandatory requirement for board manufacturers and their downstream partners

Green Building Programs

• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®)

• GREEN GLOBES®

• National Green Building Standard®

• Others

Point-based systems encompassing different building design variables, such as energy efficiency, materials selection, indoor air quality, etc.

Voluntary standards

But specified on many government contracts and referenced in many municipalities

Often pursued by building owners and architects

CARB Emission Standards

Reference: Environmental Information Administration

(2008). EIA Annual Energy Outlook. Source: California Air Resources Board

CARB Phase 2 Emissions Standards

Phase 2

Effective

Date

Emissions

Standards

(ppm)

ULEF – Reduced NAF & ULEF – Exempt

Cap

(ppm)

Target

(90% of

Samples – ppm)

Cap

(ppm)

Target

(90% of

Samples – ppm)

Particleboard Jan 1, 2011 0.09 0.08 ≤ 0.05

0.06

≤ 0.04

Thin MDF Jan 1, 2012 0.13 0.11 ≤0.08

MDF Jan 1, 2011 0.11 0.09 ≤0.06

HWPW-VC Jan 1, 2010 0.05

0.05

0.05

HWPW-CC July 1, 2012 0.05

© 2012, Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. All rights reserved.

• Phase 2 standards are now in effect for all products included in the California Air Resources Board (CARB) Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions From Composite Wood Products

• Same emissions targets written into federal legislation to take effect in 2013

6

CARB vs. Other Global Standards

Reference: Environmental Information Administration

(2008). EIA Annual Energy Outlook. Source: Composite Panel Association


• The emission limits set by CARB are comparable to, or lower than, the levels in other standards around the world

• However, CARB’s approach to certification and enforcement is more rigorous than other worldwide standards

– 100% of products must fall below emissions caps, whereas other worldwide standards do not apply to all products and allow a certain percentage of the covered products to exceed the limits.

– CARB establishes rigorous third–party certification, product testing, and chain-of-custody requirements

*Standard applies only to structural building materials and built-in cabinets

Comparison of Worldwide Formaldehyde Standards for Composites (using equivalent U.S. large chamber test values)

Standard European

E1 Japanese F

Japanese F

CARB - Phase 2

CARB – ULEF Reduced CARB – ULEF & NAF

Exempt

Maximum Emission Level (PPM)

.14 .09* .05* .09 (PB)

.11 (MDF)

Cap .08 (PB)

.09 (MDF)

Target (90% of

samples)

.05 (PB) .06 (MDF)

Cap .06

Target (90% of

samples)

.04

7

U.S. Green Building Programs – Other Standards Referenced

• U.S. Green Building Programs also reference a few additional green building standards:

1) California Department of Public Health SP 01350 • A Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions testing method originally specified for a

California government building; not a regulation, but may be specified on certain government projects

• Sets VOC concentration limits for finished goods • For formaldehyde, concentration limit was reduced to 9 μg/m3 (approx. .007 ppm) in 2012

2) BIFMA Furniture Sustainability Standard • Green building standard developed by the Business & Institutional Furniture Manufacturers

Association; not a regulation, but often referenced in other green building programs

• Key sections impacting formaldehyde and composite wood: • 7.6.1 – Outlines office emissions concentration limits for formaldehyde at 7 days:

– .05 PPM for workstation (open plan or private office)

– .025 PPM for seating

– Emissions limits for individual components equivalent to levels for whole system

• 7.6.2 – Requires that furniture emissions comply with VOC concentration limits at 14 days – 16.5 μg/m3 (approximately .013 PPM) for formaldehyde


Source: California Dept. of Public Health, BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture Sustainability Standard

8

Key U.S. Green Building Programs

• U.S. Green Building Council – Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®)

• Green Building Initiative – GREEN GLOBES®

• National Association of Home Builders – National Green Building Standard®

• Collaborative for High Performance Schools®

• ENERGY STAR®

• Living Building Challenge™

• Local or regional programs such as Earth Craft™ House


35,224

12,858

445

6

0 10 20 30 40

LEED®

National Green BuildingStandard®

Green Globes®

Living Building Challenge™

U.S. Green Building Programs

Relative usage of key programs in United States

Source: U.S. Green Building Council, Green Building Initiative, National Association of Home

Builders, International Living Future Institute

Certified Projects (000s)


10

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®)

• 9 Rating Systems: – New Construction (NC), Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance (EB),

Commercial Interiors (CI), Core and Shell (CS), Schools, Retail, Healthcare, Homes, Neighborhood Development

• Adoption Rate:

– Predominant green building program in U.S. in commercial construction: • 34,243 Commercial LEED Registered Projects

• 13,356 Commercial & 21,868 Residential LEED Certified Projects

• Certification Levels – Certified, Silver, Gold, Platinum

• Credit Distribution – Sustainable Sites: 26 pts

– Water Efficiency: 10 pts

– Energy & Atmosphere: 35 pts

– Materials & Resources: 14 pts

– Indoor Environmental Quality: 15 pts

– Innovation in Design: 6 pts

– Regional Priority: 4 pts

Sources: U.S. Green Building Council website


LEED® 2009 & Composite Wood Products

LEED Rating System CREDIT REQUIREMENTS POINTS

LEED 2009: NC, CI, CS IEQ Credit 4.4: Low-Emitting Materials: Composite Wood &

Agrifiber Products

No-Added Urea Formaldehyde (NAUF) 1

LEED 2009: Schools Meet testing & product requirements of CA SP 01350 1

LEED 2009: CI IEQ Credit 4.5: Low-Emitting

Materials: Systems Furniture & Seating

1. GREENGUARD Indoor Air Quality Certified® 2. Meet emissions limits based on BIFMA testing

protocol [ANSI/BIFMA M7.1-2007 & X7.1-2007] 1

LEED 2009 for Retail

EQ Credit 4: Low-Emitting Materials: Option D – Composite

Wood & Agrifiber Products

• NAUF or • Meet testing & product requirements of SP 01350

1

EQ Credit 4: Low-Emitting Materials: Option E – Furniture

1. GREENGUARD Indoor Air Quality Certified® 2. Meet emissions limits based on BIFMA testing


LEED 2009: Schools IEQ Credit 4.5: Furniture &

Furnishings

1. GREENGUARD Children & Schools™ Certified 2. Meet emissions limits based on BIFMA testing


LEED 2009: Homes MR 2: Environmentally Preferable

Products

a) Cabinets & Trim – NAUF 0.5 per component

12

Sources: LEED 2009 for New Construction, Commercial Interiors, Core &

Shell, Schools, Retail, Homes


Green Globes®

• 2 Rating Systems – New Construction, Continual Improvement of Existing Buildings

• Limited adoption in U.S.

– Currently 445 total projects certified vs. 35,000+ for LEED®

• Credits included for:

– Resources/Materials: Bio-based materials used in casework, shelving, and cabinets

– Indoor Environment: Materials with low VOCs

• Materials meet the emission requirements specified using one of the following tests:

1. CA SP 01350

2. GREENGUARD Environmental Institute: Method for Measuring Chemical Emissions from Various Sources using Dynamic Environmental Chambers

3. Materials have attained a third party emissions certification from approved products

• Excludes casework, cabinetry, and shelving

• May apply to structural panels

• No known updates pending

Sources: Green Building Initiative ANSI/GBI 01-2010


National Green Building Standard®

• Launched in 2009 as an approved ANSI Standard

• Applies to green residential buildings, building sites, subdivisions and renovations

• 12,858 certified projects

• Key Credits:

– Chapter 6: Resource Efficiency

• Points earned for bio-based materials and the use of Life Cycle Analysis tools

– Chapter 9: Indoor Environmental Quality

• 901.4 Wood Materials - Applies to structural panels, countertops, composite trim/doors, custom woodwork and or component closet shelving (10 pt. max)

– PB & MDF produced and labeled according to A208.1 and A208.2 (2 points); HVPA produced according to HPVA HP-1 (2 points)

– Meet CPA ECC standard (3 points)

– Composite wood or agrifiber panel products – NAUF or in accordance with CARB Composite Wood regulation (4 points)

– Non-emitting products (4 points)

– Additional points for renovations (2 points)

• 901.10 Cabinets - Applies to kitchen and bath vanity cabinets

– Meet KCMA ESP 01 (2 pts.)

– Meet CARB Composite Wood regulation (3 points)

– NAUF or products in accordance with GGPS.EC.010.R0, ASTM D6670, or equivalent (5 points)

– Additional points for renovations (2 points)

Source: National Green Building Standard ICC 700-2008 © 2012, Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. All rights reserved. 14

LEED® v.4 Additions Impacting Composite Wood Products: Materials & Resources (MR)

• MR Credit: Building Product Disclosure and Optimization (1-2 pts.) – Option 1: Material Ingredient Reporting (1 pt.)

Use at least 20 installed products that use an approved program to demonstrate chemical inventory

• Use of published Manufacturer Inventory, Health Product Declaration, Cradle to Cradle, or other USGBC approved program

– Option 2: Material Ingredient Optimization (1 pt.)

For at least 25% of total cost of products installed, use products that meet one of the following:

• Meet requirements of GreenScreen™ Benchmark 1 and/or Benchmark 2

• Cradle to Cradle certified

• Contain no ingredients on REACH Authorization or Candidate lists

• MR Credit: Furniture and Medical Furnishings (1-2 pts.; only applies to Healthcare) – In 30-40% of freestanding furniture, by total cost, all components must:

Option 1 - Contain less than 100 ppm in 4 of 5 stated chemical groups (including UF), or

Option 2: Contain less than 100 ppm in 2 of 5 stated chemical groups (including UF) and comply with BIFMA e3-2010 Furniture Sustainability standard, or

Option 3: Qualify with one of following: Environmental Product Declaration or product-specific declaration, materials re-use, recycled content, extended producer responsibility, or local sourcing

Sources: U.S. Green Building Council; LEED® v4 Building Design & Construction, draft October 2012


LEED® v.4 Changes Impacting Composite Wood Products: Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

IEQ: Current

• Low-Emitting Materials: – Composite wood products (1 pt):

• Composite wood products used inside the weatherproofing system shall contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins

– Materials considered FF&E (fit-out, furniture & equipment) are not included

– Systems furniture & seating (1 pt.):

• Option 1: Meet Greenguard Indoor Air Quality requirements

• Option 2: Meet emissions concentration limits for formaldehyde:

– Furniture: .05 ppm – Seating: .025 ppm

IEQ: v.4 Draft

• Low-Emitting Materials (1-3 pts.):

– Built-In Cabinetry and Architectural Millwork:

• Use materials meeting ULEF or NAF requirements for CARB

– Furniture: • Comply with sections 7.6.1 and

7.6.2 of BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture Sustainability Standard

• Formula allows compliance with either section with more weight for 7.6.2

Sources: U.S. Green Building Council; LEED® 2009 for Commercial Interiors, v4 Building Design & Construction, draft

Oct. 2012


LEED v4, BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture Sustainability Standard, & SP 01350

• LEED® v.4 Draft proposal references sections 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 of BIFMA e3-2011 • As reviewed previously:

– 7.6.1 – Outlines the following office emissions concentration limits for formaldehyde at 7 days:

• .05 PPM for workstation (open plan or private office) • .025 PPM for seating • Emissions limits for individual components equivalent to levels for whole system

– 7.6.2 – Requires that furniture emissions comply with VOC concentration limits at 14 days • 16.5 μg/m3 (approximately .013 PPM) for formaldehyde • This was target in CA SP 01350 prior to change in 2012

• Key unknowns:

– Emissions concentration limit needed for individual components to drive compliance with targets in BIFMA 7.6.2

• CA SP/01350 standard is concerned with emissions from final furniture product vs. individual components

– VOC target for formaldehyde in CA SP/01350 decreased to 9 μg/m3 (approximately .007 PPM) in 2012; BIFMA currently assessing whether to change Furniture Sustainability Standard to reflect this change

Sources: BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture Sustainability Standard, LEED® v4, Building

Design & Construction, draft Oct. 2012


17

National Green Building Standard® 2012 Revisions Impacting Composite Wood

• Chapter 6: Resource Efficiency – Section 609: Life Cycle Assessment

• Further detail/delineation of Life Cycle Assessment requirements, including reduced point maximum for product/assemblies

• Chapter 9: Indoor Environmental Quality – Section 901.4: Wood materials

• Eliminates additional points for renovations

– Section 901.5: Cabinets

• Adds credit for cabinets made from solid wood or non-formaldehyde emitting materials (5 points)

• Eliminates additional credit for use of no added urea formaldehyde resin (NAUF) in new construction

• Eliminates additional points for renovations

Source: National Green Building Standard 2012 Second Draft


Low Emitting Resin Technologies

• Formaldehyde-Based – Scavenger Systems

• Work with UF & MF resins

– Melamine Urea Formaldehyde • Advancements in efficiency and performance

– No-Added Urea Formaldehyde • Phenol Formaldehyde

• No-Added Formaldehyde – pMDI – PAE-Soy – PVA – Other polymer systems – Other bio-based systems

• Hybrid Systems


19

Formaldehyde-Based Resins

CARB Phase

2

LEED®

Green Globes®

National Green Building Standard®

2009: NC,

CI,CS, Home

2009: Schools, Retail

V.4 Proposed

UF w/ New Scavenger Systems √ X √ ? √ √

Melamine Urea Formaldehyde √ X √ ? √ √

Melamine Formaldehyde w/ New Scavenger

Systems

√ X √ √ √ √

Phenol Formaldehyde √ √ √ √ √ √

X = does not qualify

√ = may enable compliance


20

CARB Phase 2

LEED®

GREEN GLOBES®

NATIONAL GREEN BUILDING STANDARD®

2009: NC,

CI,CS, Home

2009: Schools, Retail

V.4 Proposed

LEAF® C2

UF w/ Scavenger Systems

√ √ ? √ √

Melamine Urea Formaldehyde

√ √ ? √ √

LEAF® GB

MF w/ Scavenger Systems

√ √ √ √ √

Phenol Formaldehyde

√ √ √ √ √ √

LEAF® Resins may contribute towards Green Building

√ = may enable compliance


21

• Green building delivers significant benefits and continues to grow despite the current downturn in the U.S.

• Wood products can play an important role in achieving key green building programs certifications

• These green building programs continue to evolve, with several key changes proposed for 2012-2013

• Adhesive solutions are available today, with ongoing development to respond to the opportunities and challenges in green building

©2010 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC.

All Rights Reserved.

References: “Green Outlook 2009” McGraw Hill Construction

Conclusions


Contact Information

LEAF, the LEAF and Georgia-Pacific logos and bonds that last. advancements that work are trademarks owned by or licensed to Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. The information and technical data herein is believed to be accurate. It is offered for your consideration, investigation and verification. Buyer assumes all risk of use, storage and handling of the product. NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IS MADE INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WHICH ARE SPECIFICALLY EXCLUDED. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a license to operate under or recommendation to infringe any patents.

LEED is a trademark of the U.S. Green Building Council.

The National Green Building Standard is a trademark of the National Association of Home Builders.

Green Globes is a trademark of the Green Building Initiative, Inc..

ENERGY STAR is a trademark of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Earth Craft House is a trademark of the Greater Atlanta Home Builders Association, Inc.

Living Building Challenge is a trademark of Cascadia Region Green Building Council (Cascadia) and International Living Building Institute (ILBI).

Collaborative for High Performance Schools is a trademark of Collaborative for High Performance Schools, Inc.

The GREENGUARD Indoor Air Quality Certified AND GREENGUARD Children & Schools are certification marks used under license through the GREENGUARD Environmental Institute.

GreenScreen is a trademark of Clean Production Action, Inc.

Unless otherwise noted, all photos are property of Georgia-Pacific LLC and GP Chemicals LLC

William Hull Marketing Manager Georgia-Pacific Chemicals, LLC 133 Peachtree Street, 19th Floor Atlanta, GA 30303, USA 1-404-652-4799 [email protected]


mailto:[email protected]

Documents

Impact of U.S. Green Building Programs on Wood Adhesives ... · PDF fileImpact of U.S. Green Building Programs on Wood Adhesives 2012 Update ... Design (LEED®) • GREEN ... and chain-of-custody