8/13/2019 Impact Of zero emission vehicle on Air Quality and
Human Health
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Healthy Cities through Technology: Impact of
zero-emissionvehicles on air quality and human health
The George Washington University, School of Engineering and
Applied Science (SEAS)Kaitlin Slimak, Konstantinos Oikonomou,
Chetan Gaonkar
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0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
P o w e r
[ M W ]
Time [Hours]
Nissan Leaf + IEEE 34 Feeder Load, Lv 1Controlled charging, 15k
mi annual driving
30% Penetration
50% Penetration
80% Penetration
Base Load
[1] Stewart, Rob. A Discussion on Electric Vehicle Charging.
U.S.Department of Energy SolarDecathlon.2011. [2] Highway
StatisticsSeries .Office HighwayPolicyInformation..[3] United
Nations, Dpt.of Economic and Social Affairs,Population
division.2011.[4] Gaussian Plume Model by Prof.Allen and
Durrenberger[5] Bruno Sportisse Air Pollution Modelling and
Simulation UniversityPierre and Marie Curie, 2007[6] Despina
Deligiorgi, Kostas Philippopoulos, George Karvounis and Magdalini
Tzanakou . Identification of pollutiondispersion
patternsincomplexterrain using AERMOD modeling system,
International Journal of Energyand Environment, 2009 [7] Power
Plant
Information.http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/documents/egridzips/eGRID2012V1_0_year09_SummaryTables.pdf[8]
Arvind Balaji J and Muralidharan M , Gaussian Plume Air Dispersion
Model for Pointe Source Emission, Anna University , 2005
Downtown Bellevue Network . June 2010. .
The important metrological factors which affect thedispersion of
a pollutant are the average wind speedat the source level at stack
height, cloud cover , andambient temperature . Using data from
the
Washington Dulles International Airport and theRonald Reagan
National Airport, the wind speed atthe stack height may be
calculated.
GROUND P LUME LEVEL CONCENTRATION
RR = relevant risk of disease due toinhalation of pollutant
X = pollutant concentration, (g/m 3)X0 = background
concentration in D.C. = lung cancer coefficient,
ex. [PM2.5] = 0.2322
Develop load simulations for differentcharging scenarios. This
allows us to determineif electric vehicle projections are
feasible.
Create dispersion models for all PEPCO powerplants and for each
pollutant, including effectsof changing fuel mixes through 2040
Correlate health impacts (risk of illness,disease, cancer) with
pollutant inhalation
Consideration of resident versus commuterdriving patterns
Erdal,Serap . Chapter 7:Risk Assessment Methodology for
Conventional andAlternative Sustainability Options .
Sustainability:A Comprehensive Foundation , June 2011, Version1.43,
pp 294-299.
Since about 2010 morepeople live in urban vs.rural areas
[3].
The Potomac Electric Power Company (PEPCO)has developed
projections for their Marylandservice territory [1], which was used
to establishpredictions for Washington, D.C. This data iscorrelated
with information provided by the DOTOffice of Highway Statistics
[2] to calculate thetotal number of vehicles present through 2040
.
A survey was distributed to residents of D.C. in order to assess
charging habits and build a foundationfor our charging scenarios .
EnergyPlus is used to model grid capabilities.
WASHINGTON DC SURVEY RESULTS
CO 2 DISPERSION FOR NIHCOGENERATION FACILITY
We seek to test the hypothesis that theadoption and usage of low
emissionvehicles positively influences both the airquality and
hence human health in urbanenvironments. This correlation will
impact: urban planning transportation and environmental policy
electrification of the transportation sector
Example simulationusing the EPAsairborne diffusionsimulation
softwarewill be used to modelthe air qualitychanges in
themetropolitan
DISPERSION CO-EFFICIENT
Power Law Velocity Equation
APPROACH
