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IMPACTS STUDY OF THE WREP PROJECT DEA Regional Workshop 16 – 18 October 2007 ARUSHA – TANZANIA. Outline of Presentation. Summary of the WREP The Causal Chains Data Collection & Analysis Results of the Case Study Conclusion. Summary of the WREP . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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IMPACTS STUDY OF THE WREP PROJECT
DEA Regional Workshop16 – 18 October 2007
ARUSHA – TANZANIA
Outline of Presentation
• Summary of the WREP
• The Causal Chains
• Data Collection & Analysis
• Results of the Case Study
• Conclusion
Summary of the WREP
• Case study: Women and Renewable Energy project (WREP)
• Goal: to promote the utilization of renewable energy to fight desertification and poverty, and to protect the environment.
• Financial Partners: UNDP and the Governments of the Netherlands and Mali.
• Implementation Period: between 1992 and 2001
• Geographical scope: 130 villages in the three regions (Koulikoro, Sikasso and Segou).
• Results: – 113 solar lighting systems, – 74 solar water heaters – 27 solar driers – 2 wind water pumping system – 16 multifunctional platforms of which (03) are running on jatropha oil – Literacy training for more than 3 500 women, – Maintenance training to 60 local technicians.
Causal Chain for the Solar Water Heating SystemsActivity
Installation of SWH
Output Access to Solar heating Employment
Energy Services Water heating from SWH
Sector of utilisation Health centers
OutcomesReduced firewood consumption
Time saving
Reduced deforestation
Less indoor air pollution
Reduced income of wood sellers
Income generation
Impacts Improvement of health of women and children Economic
development
Gender Equity
Better health services
Reduced fuel expenses
Causal Chain for the Solar Lighting Systems
Solar PV SystemsActivity
Output Access to electricity
Energy servicesCommunication RefrigerationLighting
Sector of utilisation Health centresAdult Literacy Centers
Outcomes Evening learning
Medicines storage
Impacts Improvement of Literacy level
Improvement of health
Improvement of health services
Causal Chain for the MFP
Activity Multifunctional Platform (MFP)
OutputAccess to electricity
Access to Motive power
Employment
Energy servicesWater pumping
Milling
Sector of utilisation Households Commercial
Outcomes Decreased women work load
Increased agricultural production
Income generation
Lighting
Impacts Health improvement
Gender equity Economic
development
Food security
Decreased water borne diseases
Agriculture
Causal chain for the Solar DryerActivity Solar Dryer
Output
Energy services
Sector of utilisation
Outcomes
Impacts
Access to solar drying
Crop drying
Reduced harvest losses
Households Women association
Food security
Employment
Poverty reduction
Income generation
Selling of dried crop
Hunger reduction Health improvement
Maintain nutritive value
Employment
Causal Chain for the Wind Pumping System
ActivityWind Water Pumping
OutputIncreased access to water for
irrigation
Sector of Utilisation Households Agriculture
Outcome Reduced water borne diseases
Increased agricultural production
Employment
Impacts Improved health
Reduced hunger
Poverty Reduction
Data Collection & Analysis
Data Collection through:
• Literature review
• Field trip in eight villages (Konodimini, Koula, Massala, Somonodougouni, Tombougou, Wolonkotoba, Zambougou) through focus group interviews using questionnaires
Data analysis:
• Environmental impacts measured by the reduction of wood fuel consumption and the reduction of CO2 emission.
• Social impacts were measured by the number of beneficiaries, the improvement of the health centres’ services, the improvement of the literacy rate and the alleviation of the tasks of women.
• Economic impacts were measured by the savings on the expenses for the purchase of wood fuel, paraffin oil. Incomes generated by the use of the technologies were also used to measure economic impacts.
• Recall were also used to assess the impacts of the technologies
Results of the case studyTechnology Sector Proposed link to
MDG in Causal Link- heregiven as impacts
Case Study findings& link to MDG
Substantiation Remarks
Solar WaterHeater
Health Poverty reduction Improved incomefor individuals andcommunity MDG1
Savings on purchase of fuelwood of US$0.06 [0.17] per visit to clinic & income of US$8.43 [23.51] per yr per health centre for provision of hot water
Wood traders are losing part of their market
Women and ChildrenHealth
Better health care of mother and child at clinics- MDG4 & 5
Provision of hot water at delivery times for mother and new baby
Used to be difficult to get using wood fire when sick
Reduction of Deforestation
Avoided forest resource depletionMDG7
Calculated to be 333 ha and 4.5t CO2 avoided
Improvement of Women status
Reduced burden on hot water provision MDG3
No more providing fuelwood forhot water
Results of the case study Continued…Technology Sector Proposed link to
MDG in Causal Link- heregiven as impacts
Case Study findings& link to MDG
Substantiation Remarks
Solar LightingSystem
Health Health Improvement Reduced maternalmortality MDG 5
Safer baby delivery at night Statistics at health centres show most babies delivered at night
Poverty alleviationMDG1
Individual net benefit of shifting from kerosene US$21.51 [60.01] for users at each health centre per year
Individual net benefit of shifting from kerosene US$21.51 [60.01] for users at each health centre per year
Education Literacy Rateimprovement
Literacy deliveryimproved MDG2
Better learning environment & extended hours in class at literacy centres
Poverty reductionMDG1
Educated women become employable
Benefit of shifting from kerosene US$128.30 [357.96] /literacy centre
CombinedHealth & education
Environmental sustainability MDG7
Avoided CO2 of 347tons over 15 years
Avoided from use of kerosene
Results of the case study Continued…Technology Sector Proposed link to
MDG in Causal Link- heregiven as impacts
Case Study findings& link to MDG
Substantiation Remarks
Solar Dryer Agriculture Poverty Reduction Income generation MDG1
Community net income of US$487.44 [1334.84] per dryer per year
Food security Reduced productionloss MDG1
Avoided loss of perishable fruitsand vegetable
Improved Health Reduced foodcontaminationMDG1
Avoided effects of flies, dust etc
Wind Pump Agriculture Poverty Reduction Income generationMDG1
Individual gain of US$141.51[394.81] per year; US$50.06[139.67] per year per villagecommunity
Individual income from sale of garden produce; from sale of water pumped for community income
Food Security Increased vegetable production MDG1
Through increase in irrigated areas
Results of the case study Continued…
Technology Sector Proposed link to MDG in Causal Link- heregiven as impacts
Case Study findings& link to MDG
Substantiation Remarks
MultifunctionalPlatform
Food Security Increase inproductivity MDG1
Due to increased water for plants
Household/community
Poverty Reduction Community Incomegeneration MDG1
US$47.17 [131.60] – US$56.60[157.92] per month orUS$622.64 [1737.17]/yr perplatform;
From services ofpumped water,battery charging,lighting andgrinding of cereals
Indirect income due to freedtime of US$754.72 [2105.66] peryr per community
Food security Alleviating hungerand improvingincome MDG1
Through food processing atmultifunctional platforms
Improving womenstatus
Reduced burden onwomen MDG3
Fetching water and grindingcereals is a thing of the past; 2hours per day time savedestimated.
ConclusionThe case study revealed that:
• Energy project alone has little impact on development but associated to other development project, it will have significant impact
• The 4-level diagram is flexible and is very useful for understanding the development impact of energy project
• There are no universal indicators for impact assessment. The indicators are
case specific and therefore the data to be collected
• Baseline issue can be solved using the combination of recall method and past studies
Awnitié – Merci! –Thank you