ImperialismImperialism

Old vs. NewOld vs. New

OldOld 3 G’s – Gold, God, 3 G’s – Gold, God,

GloryGlory 1500’s & 1600’s1500’s & 1600’s Search for new routes Search for new routes

to Asiato Asia Competition in the Competition in the

newly discovered newly discovered lands of the Americaslands of the Americas

NewNew Roots in the Industrial Roots in the Industrial

RevolutionRevolution 1800’s & 1900’s1800’s & 1900’s Need for natural Need for natural

resources to fuel the resources to fuel the IRIR

Markets for the Markets for the manufactured manufactured productsproducts

ImperialismImperialism

What? A powerful nation establishes control What? A powerful nation establishes control over a weaker nation or territoryover a weaker nation or territory

Why?Why? Industrialization requires resources/raw materials; Industrialization requires resources/raw materials;

extractive economiesextractive economies Military basesMilitary bases Political and economic power worldwidePolitical and economic power worldwide Social Darwinism “survival of the fittest”Social Darwinism “survival of the fittest” Spread Christianity and western valuesSpread Christianity and western values Humanitarian reasons – help “uncivilized” people Humanitarian reasons – help “uncivilized” people

(“White Man’s Burden”)(“White Man’s Burden”) Where? Primarily Africa, AsiaWhere? Primarily Africa, Asia

ImperialismImperialism

AfricaAfrica Nearly every nation colonizedNearly every nation colonized Germany, France, GB, Belgium, Dutch, etc.Germany, France, GB, Belgium, Dutch, etc.

Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia France – Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, France – Indochina (Vietnam, Laos,

Cambodia)Cambodia) Dutch – IndonesiaDutch – Indonesia GB – Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar (Burma)GB – Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar (Burma)

ImperialismImperialism

India - Great BritainIndia - Great Britain India, “jewel in the crown”, massive population, large market for India, “jewel in the crown”, massive population, large market for

British goods, lots of resourcesBritish goods, lots of resources Sepoys – Indian soldiersSepoys – Indian soldiers

Sepoy Mutiny – rose up against British, put down but Sepoy Mutiny – rose up against British, put down but showed animosity towards GBshowed animosity towards GB

As a result, GB establishes direct control of IndiaAs a result, GB establishes direct control of India Benefits: railroads, communications, roads, bridges, Benefits: railroads, communications, roads, bridges,

dams, sanitation, schoolsdams, sanitation, schools Hardships: racism, oppressed people, didn’t respect Hardships: racism, oppressed people, didn’t respect

their culture, forced to grow cash crops (many starved)their culture, forced to grow cash crops (many starved)

ImperialismImperialism

China – several countriesChina – several countries Spheres of Influence – regions of controlSpheres of Influence – regions of control Open Door Policy – trade with EuropeOpen Door Policy – trade with Europe Boxer Rebellion – anti foreigner, put down by Boxer Rebellion – anti foreigner, put down by

multi-national forcesmulti-national forces U.S. U.S.

Supported Cuba’s independence from SpainSupported Cuba’s independence from Spain Spanish American War (1898)Spanish American War (1898) Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico gained as a Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico gained as a

resultresult

Resources in AfricaResources in Africa

Wheat, oats, olivesWheat, oats, olives Petroleum, coffeePetroleum, coffee Bananas, maizeBananas, maize Diamonds, cottonDiamonds, cotton Manganese, nutsManganese, nuts LimestoneLimestone Livestock, fish, saltLivestock, fish, salt Uranium, vanillaUranium, vanilla Rice, copperRice, copper Rubber, timberRubber, timber Copper, cobalt, zincCopper, cobalt, zinc

Sheep, goats, iron oreSheep, goats, iron ore Lentils, palm oilLentils, palm oil Cocoa, pineapplesCocoa, pineapples Bauxite, rubiesBauxite, rubies Sugarcane, graphiteSugarcane, graphite Dates, tea, sugarDates, tea, sugar Coconuts, cinnamonCoconuts, cinnamon Vanilla, cashew nutsVanilla, cashew nuts Barley, poultryBarley, poultry Phosphate, coalPhosphate, coal Sorghum, yams, citrusSorghum, yams, citrus

ImpactImpact

PositivesPositives Humanitarian efforts improved sanitation, health, education, hospitalsHumanitarian efforts improved sanitation, health, education, hospitals Life spans and literacy increasedLife spans and literacy increased Infrastructures improved – railroads, dams, roads, bridges, telephone, Infrastructures improved – railroads, dams, roads, bridges, telephone,

telegraph linestelegraph lines

NegativesNegatives Countries lost control and independenceCountries lost control and independence Many died from diseasesMany died from diseases Subjugated and persecutedSubjugated and persecuted Lost propertyLost property Division of continentsDivision of continents

Later most nations will establish independence!Later most nations will establish independence!