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Implications of MPAs for thefishing industry
Wouter van Broekhoven
[email protected] and policy advisor, VisNed
(Dutch demersal fisheries association)
European Parliament Fisheries Committee hearing on:
MARINE PROTECTED AREAS (MPAS):VALUING MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND
ECOSYSTEMS FOR THE BLUE ECONOMY
Brussels, 9 November 2016
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North Sea provides 1.8m tonnes = approx. € 2 billion/year
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Presentation outline
1. MPA considerationspurpose, limitations
2. Quantifying impact on fishing industry
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Conservation
conservation
commercial fishstocks
vulnerable and spatiallydefined features
Common FisheriesPolicy
MPAs
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MPAs & vulnerable features
Cleaver Bank (Aquasense/PeriPlus)
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Dynamic habitats
ICES 2016, WKFBI report, ACOM46
Aquasense / Periplus
Dynamic habitat is prevalent in North Sea(this colour =
sand)
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Dynamic habitats
biologicalcommunity adapted tophysicaldisturbance
UKNL
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Seafloor integrity & trawling frequency
ICES 2016, WKFBI report, ACOM46
back to target level after 2.3 y
Target
Re
lati
veb
en
thic
com
mu
nit
y b
iom
ass
(Bio
mas
/ K
)
Initial Mortality
Recovery Time
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Seafloor integrity & trawling frequency
ICES 2016, WKFBI report, ACOM46
Trawling intensity (frequency per year)
2.17
max. 2.17 trawls per year maintains target integrity
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Fishing effort clustering & unfished area
Eigaard et al. 2016 (in press)
37% of North Sea seafloor unfished in study period 2010-2012
> 0 – 0.10.1 – 0.50.5 – 11 – 10> 10
Swept area / yr
90% of effort in lessthan 50% of area
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Displacement of fishing effort
Mind the: “… trade-off between recovery in the closed areas and
additional trawling effects in the open areas …”1
Assess the net ecological effects.
Literature reviews in:
1. Hiddink et al., 20062. Sweeting & Polunin, 20053. IMARES
report C170/154. Caveen et al., 2014
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Alternatives for impact reduction
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Spatial claims
But.. can we quantify this?
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Tool 1: value maps
Netherlands fleet landings in area
2011 2012 2013
EUR 3.6m 4.1m 3.4m
UKNL
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Tool 2: Individual Stress Level Analysis (ISLA)
Test of method:Future Natura 2000 areas and wind farms NL, DE,
DK
Schulze et al. 2010 (COEXIST)
• Scenarios: 6 (combinations of these areas)• Fleets: NL, DK, DE
• Year: 2015
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Scenario: A B C D E F
Tool 2: Individual Stress Level Analysis (ISLA)
Schulze et al. 2016 (pers.comm.)
• Impacts differ between scenarios
• Impacts differ between fleets
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Tool 2: Individual Stress Level Analysis (ISLA)
Tool can even be used to compare individual fishing ports:
Schulze et al. 2010 (COEXIST)
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Take-home messages
1. Fishing effort is highly clustered in space and large areas
are unfished
2. Conservation objective appropriate instrument
3. Quantitative toolbox: seafloor integrity as a function of
trawling frequency
4. Displacement of fishing effort:• Assess net ecological effect
(inside & outside)• Avoid closing intensively fished areas
5. Use the tools to quantify impacts on fleets (segments) to
inform policy trade-offs.
MPA
other
what? why? how?
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Implications of MPAs for thefishing industry
Wouter van Broekhoven
[email protected] and policy advisor, VisNed
(Dutch demersal fisheries association)
European Parliament Fisheries Committee hearing on:
MARINE PROTECTED AREAS (MPAS):VALUING MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND
ECOSYSTEMS FOR THE BLUE ECONOMY
Brussels, 9 November 2016
Thank you for listening
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References
www.abpmer.co.uk/experience/fisheries-and-aquaculture-experience/assessing-fisheries-mpas/
Caveen A, Polunin NVC, Gray T, Marguerite Stead S (2014) The
controversy over Marine Protected Areas – Science meets policy.
Springer.
Eigaard OR, Bastardie F, et al (in press) ICES Journal of Marine
Science. The footprint of bottom trawling in European waters:
distribution, intensity, andseabed integrity.
Schulze T, Schulte K, Hamon K (2012) Report on economic analysis
in coastal fisheries on the basis of revenue for individual
profession and fishing trips. COEXIST Project Deliverable D3.2.
Slijkerman D, Tamis J (2015) Fisheries displacement effects
related to closed areas : a literature review of relevant aspects.
IMARES report C170/15.
Sweeting C, Polunin NVC (2005) Marine protected areas for
management of temperate North Atlantic fisheries: lessons learned
in MPA use for sustainable fisheries exploitation and stock
recovery. Report to Defra, London
