Slide 1
Dr.G.Venkanna - PG Scholar, Guided By
Dr.T.Praveen Kumar - ProfessorPG Dept of Shalakya,Dr.BRKR Govt
Ayurvedic College/HospitalHyderabad.
DONATE YOUR EYE - LIVE AFTER DIE
INTRODUCTION In all our systems of medicines eyes have been
given importance stating that SARVENDRIYANAM NAYANAM PRADANAM
Magnitude of problem in IndiaOut of 39 million blind population
of world, 1/4th of the worlds blind is in India.1.5 millon Indians
have Corneal Blindness.Increasing at the rate of 30000 every
year.On average 1lakh corneas are needed in India every year.Only
15000 usable corneas are collected by NPCB.Why is corneal
transplantation needed ?Cornea dont proliferate as they are
arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, therefore dead
endothelial cells are not replaced by the mitiosis.The endothelial
integrity is maintained by neighbouring cells.With increasing age
there is decrease in integrity.In normal eyes sufficient reserves
of endothelial are present to maintain transparency.
ContDisease or injury can lead to decrease in Endothelial Cell
Density (ECD) leading to stromal oedema & loss of
transparency.
No substitutes have been developed for cornea.Causes for Corneal
OpaqueCongenital / Hereditary InfectionsInjuries
MalnutritionLatrogenic ( malpratice , improper post op care)
What is Corneal Transplantation Also known as CORNEAL GRAFTING,
is a surgical procedure where the damaged or diseased cornea is
replaced by donated corneal tissue, in totally (PENETRATING
KERATOPLASTY) or some part (LAMELLAR KERATOPLASTY)
Who can be an eye donor ?Practically from the age of 1 yr, there
is no maximum age limit.Spectacle wearersPersons who had cataract
surgeryDiabetic, Hypertensive, Asthamatic can donate.
When are eyes not usable?Death of unknown
cause.SepticemiaEncephalitis , MeningitisHIVRabiesViral
hepatitisLeukemias , LymphomasProcedure for Eye DonationThe eyes of
a person can also be donated whether he has pledged his eyes in his
life or not.Under law, relatives of the donar can donate eyes
provided never spoken against eye donation. Things to be done after
making a call to eye bank are keep the eyes closed and cover with
moist cotton.Instill antibiotic eye drops to prevent infection.
Cont..Raise the head end to about 6 inches to prevent bleeding
during the removal of eye.Eyes must be removed within 4-6hrs after
death.It takes 20-30 mins (so doesnt delay the funeral)Only the
cornea is transplanted & rest is used for research &
education.Methods of preservationShort term storageIntermediate
storageLong term storageVery long term storage
Short term storageIntermediate storageExcised cornea is stored
in Chondroitin Sulfate (mainly Dexsol , Optisol) solution is used
at 4 degree celsius.By using Optisol cornea can be stored for 2
weeks. Long term storageOrgan culture method is used.Temperature-
28-37 degree celsius.Duration of 4 weeks.Dextran or M-K medium is
used.
Very long term storageCryopreservation method is used.Storage
period is 1 yearTYPES OF TRANSPLANTATION NPCB (National Programme
for Control of Blindness)It was launched in the year 1976 with the
goal to reduce the incidence of blindness by central
administration.Eye banking is one of major activity of NPCB.To
enhance eye collection every year NPCB celebrates Eye Donation
Fortnight and World Sight Day.Along with this pamphlets,rallies, Tv
& radio programing etc are done.ConclusionThough Central &
State Admistration & private sector are involved in awaring the
people about Eye Donation still India could not meet the demand.
Some measures like bringing awareness at the school level by adding
Eye donation in the syllabus.Concentrating on illiterates at the
rural level.Increasing the number of volunteers & paid
workers.
Cont..Panchayat Raj level of Organisation..etcPreservation
methods need to be improved to prevent the wastage.Make eye
donation a Family Tradition.Made an attempt in enclosing all the
noticeable things of Eye donation. THANK YOU
