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Important Note
All materials in these slides are for the purposes of the conference only and
NOT meant for any other purposes. If you wish to use the materials for any
other purposes, please seek the consent of the Building and Construction
Authority (BCA).
Construction Productivity and Prefabrication in Singapore
Photo Credit: Joan Gamell
Address by Mr Lian Aik ANG, Group Director
1. Our Challenges
2. Our Progress
3. Establishing a robust Design for Manufacturing & Assembly Ecosystem
4. Learning Points
5. Changing the way we build
Construction Productivity and Prefabrication in Singapore
Challenges Ecosystem Learning Points
Changing the way we build
Progress
• Heavy dependence
on foreign labour
• Cost of labour is
relatively low in
Singapore
• Manpower intensive
construction methods
• Little incentive to
adopt productive
technology
• Social and political
Costs
Our Challenges
Need to Reduce Dependency on Foreign LabourDoing More with Less
Challenges Ecosystem Learning Points
Changing the way we build
Progress
Key Milestones in Raising Productivity
1992
CIDB Construction
Productivity
Taskforce 1999
Construction
21 (C21)
2001
Buildability
Legislation
2012
Mid term
review
2014
End term
review
2010
1st Construction
Productivity Roadmap
2016
2nd Construction
Productivity Roadmap
Challenges Ecosystem Learning Points
Changing the way we build
Progress
Key Initiatives in Raising Productivity
Leading the industry – Continual Policy Innovations
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Leading the Industry
Marketing
Control Manpower Demand & Supply
1st Construction Productivity
Roadmap
(2010 - 2015)
Raise Minimum Buildability Standard
Support Transition through Incentives
Marketing
Generate Demand for DfMA
2nd Construction Productivity
Roadmap
(2016 - 2020)
Remove Regulatory Roadblocks
Create Supplies and Build Capabilities
Good Progress Made in Raising Productivity
0.380 0.3810.384
0.389
0.395
0.403
0.411
0.419
0.375
0.380
0.385
0.390
0.395
0.400
0.405
0.410
0.415
0.420
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year-on-Year Improvement in Site Productivity (building works)
0.8%
1.3%
1.5%
0.3%
2.0%
2.0%
Target: Annual average of 2-3% productivity improvement till 2020
m2
pe
r m
an
day
Average Annual
Improvement1.5%
We need to DO MORE
to achieve our target
2.0%
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
A global first development ofthe multi-storey integrated
construction and prefabrication
hubs (ICPHs)
Policy makers should consider
developing a dedicated
organization to review and
approve innovative methods and
materials. One example of such an
organization is Singapore’sBuilding Innovation Panel
McKinsey ReportDue to outcome-based
regulation, Singapore is
home to some of the most
productive residential
construction projects
in the world
The government of Singapore
has mandated that all new
bathroom construction
be modular and has
provided support to establish
an accreditation system
for new manufacturers
The world’s tallest 40-storeyprefinished modular concrete
condominium
February 2017
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
2nd Construction Productivity Roadmap
Technology adoption
on site
Manufactured off-site & installed on-site
i.e. Design for Manufacturing
& Assembly (DfMA)
Higher quality workforceWider Technology AdoptionCloser integration
across value chain
Desired State(Experienced workers working with
minimal supervision)
Japan / KoreaSingapore
Current State in Singapore(Transient foreign workers
requiring close supervision)
3 focus
areas
Building Information Modelling
(BIM) as key enabling technology
Targets:
Annual average of 2-3% productivity improvement till 2020
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Impacts of moving to offsite production:
• Better controlled production environment
• Scope for automation and offshoring
Design for Manufacturing
(off-site and automation)
and Assembly
(on-site)
Changing the Way We Build Through DfMA
Challenges DfMA Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
Adoption
Components:
I cre e tal I prove e t……Integrated Assemblies:
Game-Changing Improvement
Prefab Components
Str
uct
ura
lM
EP
Arc
hit
ect
ura
l
Structural Steel / Advanced Precast / Hybrid
PBUs
Advanced Prefab Systems Integrated Sub-assemblies Fully Integrated Assemblies
PPVC
PPVC
Precast Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction
(PPVC)
Wallpaper Engineered timber
floor
On-site Dry Applied Finishes
Prefab MEP Deck
Prefab Module with Platform/ Catwalk
Manpower Savings [Project Level]35%
40%
20%10%
70%
Manpower Savings [Trade Level]45% 60%
70%
30% Manpower Savings [Trade Level]45% 60%
Prefab Ceiling Module/ Prefab Plant
Prefinished Surfaces
Flexible Water Pipe/ Sprinkler Dropper
Pushing for Higher-end DfMA Technologies
Continuum of Prefabrication & DfMA
Mass Engineered Timber (MET)
Technology
Adoption
Overview of Concrete PPVC(Video Credits : Vico)
Overview of Concrete PPVC
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
Adoption
DEMAND
SUPPLY CAPACITY &
CAPABILITIES(Among developers, consultants,
contractors, suppliers, logistics)
REGULATIONS
Lower Cost for DfMA Technology Adoption
Creating
Economies
of Scale &
Competition
Creating sufficient lead demand quickly is
critical for sustainable DfMA adoption
Establishing a Robust DfMA Eco-System
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
Adoption
Financial
Incentives
Productivity
Gateway Framework
Tendering
Advantage
Government Land
Sales (GLS)
Productivity
Requirements
Generate DemandOvercome
Regulatory
Impediments
Build up Supply Capacity
and Industry Capability
Integrated Construction
and Prefabrication Hubs
(ICPH) & PPVC suppliers
Raise Public
Sector Demand
Raise Private
Sector Demand
Summary of Productivity Measures -
Strategies to Drive Technology Adoption
A
B D
C
Building Innovation Panel
F
E
Workshops, Sharing
Sessions, Learning
Journeys
G
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
Adoption
hole OfWGovernment Efforts
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Productive Technology
Adoption
BIM Co-ordination and
Integration Approach
Management & Procurement
Practices
Master Productivity Plan (MPP)
Achieve 25% to 30% productivity improvement from 2010 levels for all new projects
Public Sector Demand
Public Sector taking the lead -ATechnology
Adoption
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Quality Price / Fee Productivity
Quality Fee Method (QFM)(procurement of consultancy services)
Price Quality Method (PQM)(procurement of construction services)
9% - 12% 3% - 6% 20% 10%
Tender
B Public Sector taking the lead -
Procurement Framework for Public Projects
Technology
Adoption
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Co-fund builders for the purchase
and leasing of equipment
Co-fund technology adoption or process
improvement initiatives
MECH C
Supported (as of end-Dec 2016)
> 4,900 applications
> ~1,200 firms
Total funding committed:
~ S$78 mil
Total funding committed:
~ S$150 mil
Supported (as of end-Dec 2016)
> 1000 applications
> 400 firms
Mechanization Credit Productivity Innovation Project
Funding cap raised to $10 million in 2nd Roadmap
Financial Support for Technology Adoption
MechC & PIP SchemesC
Technology
Adoption
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
AdoptionDriving Private Sector Technology Adoption –Making Game-changing Technology a Land Sales Requirement
D
Wisteria @ Yishun Ave 4(under construction)
Lake Grande @ Jurong West St 41(under construction)
Parc Riveria @ West Coast Vale (under construction)
Clement Canopy @ Clementi Ave 1(under construction)
Bukit Batok West Ave 6(Site Awarded: Sep 2016)
Fernvale Road(Site Awarded: Jan 2017)
201420152016
Perumal Road(Site Awarded: Feb 2017)
West Coast Vale(Site Awarded: Feb 2017)
20162017
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Toh Tuck Road(Launched: 28 Feb 2017)
Upper Serangoon Road(Launched: 6 Mar 2017)
Serangoon North Avenue 1
(Launching: May 2017)Woodleigh Lane
(Launching: May 2017)
LAUNCHING IN 1st Half 2017
Tampines Avenue 10(Launched: 14 Mar 2017)
Completed ProjectsCrowne Plaza Hotel Ext @ Changi Airport
Project Information
Site Area (GFA) ~ 9,900 m2
Type of PPVC Steel
Storeys 10
Guestrooms / Modules 243 / 252
Technology
Adoption
NTU North Hill Residence Hall
Project Information
Site Area (GFA) ~53,500m2
Type of PPVC Steel
Storeys 13 (6 blocks)
Hostel Rooms / Modules 1580 / 1200
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Time Savings 6 monthsManpower savings (project level) 44%
Time Savings 2 monthsManpower savings (project level) 17%
Crowne Plaza Hotel Extension(Video Credits : OUE)
Technology Adoption Ongoing Projects (Residential)
Projects under GLS Programme
Project Information
GFA ~ 27,300 m2
Type of PPVC Steel
Storeys 12
Units / Modules 216 / 756
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Brownstone Executive Condominium @ Canberra
Project Information
GFA ~ 60,000 m2
Type of PPVC Concrete
No. of Storeys 12 (8 blocks)
Units / Modules 638 / 4,384
The Wisteria Mixed Development @ Yishun
Time savings 4 months (estimated)Manpower savings (project level) 20% (estimated)
Ongoing Projects (Residential)
Bukit Batok Condominium (GLS)
Technology Adoption
Lake Grande Condominium @ Jurong West
Project Information
GFA ~ 49,900 m2
Type of PPVC Concrete
Storeys 17 (4 blocks)
Units / Modules 710 / 2,300
Projects under GLS Programme
Project Information
GFA ~ 44,000 m2
Type of PPVC Concrete
Storeys 16 (5 blocks)
Units / Modules 516 / 1500
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology Adoption
Project Information
GFA ~ 58,200 m2
Type of PPVC Concrete
Storeys 36 (2 blocks)
Units / Modules 752 / 2,500
Parc Riviera Condominium @ West Coast Vale
Clement Canopy Condominium @ Clementi
Ongoing Projects (Residential)
Projects under GLS Programme
Project Information
GFA ~ 50,200 m2
Type of PPVC Concrete
Storeys 40
Units / Modules 505 / 1,906
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Ongoing Projects (Healthcare and Industrial)
Project Information
GFA 9,000 m2
Type of PPVC Steel
Storeys / Modules 9 / 343
Nursing Home @ Woodlands Dormitory at JTC Space
Project Information
Type of PPVC Steel
Storeys 9 (L7 – L9 are PPVC)
Dorms / Modules 96 / 288
Technology Adoption
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Manpower savings (project level) 13% (estimated)
Manpower savings (project level) 10% (estimated)
Land released regularly by Government through Land Sales (GLS) programme for
private sector developments
Raise the
prefabrication level
Stipulate structural steel
for selected sites
Residential DevelopmentCommercial
Development
More sites with PPVC
requirements
Industrial Development
Driving Private Sector Technology Adoption –Making Game-changing Technology a
Land Sales Requirement
DTechnology
Adoption
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Technology
AdoptionBringing in Productive Technologies –Building Innovation Panel (BIP)
Multi-agency, one-stop platform
Fast-tracked evaluation of new
technologies
Resolve regulatory hurdles
Ease adoption of innovative
technologies
E
Inter-Agency Building Innovation Panel (BIP)
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
SEF SpaceHub
Building local supply capabilities –Develop Supply Capabilities for
Precast Components
F
Automated multi-storey production and storage facilities for precast components
Integrated Construction and Prefabrication Hubs (ICPHs)
Technology
Adoption
Tiong Seng Prefab Hub
Straits Construction
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Soil-buildTeambuild
Building local supply capabilities –Develop Supply Capabilities for
Precast Components
Supported by PIP scheme
Target: 10 ICPHs by 2020
FTechnology
Adoption
Integrated Construction and Prefabrication Hubs (ICPHs)
Automated multi-storey production and storage facilities for precast components
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Outdoor cycling in Singapore a big hitCredits: Teambuild)
Upcoming ICPH (by Teambuild)Technology
Adoption
Changing the way we build
Learning Points
1
34
18
1) Unitized Building2) Moderna Home
3) Sembcorp EOSM
4) Integrated
Precast
NTU North Hill
Residences
Crowne Plaza
Extension
2013 2014 2015 2016
Construction
Design
Completed
NTU Nanyang
Crescent Hostel
Brownstone EC
@ Canberra Drive
The Wisteria @
Yishun Ave 4
Lake Grande @
Jurong W St 41
JTC Space @ Tuas
MOHH Nursing
Home @
Woodlands
MHA Classified
Project
Parc Riviera @
West Coast Vale
Eng Lee Building @ Jurong Port Road
Residential @
Fernvale Road
Total 18 Projects
Number of Suppliers (Cumulative)
DSTA Classified
Project
The Clement
Canopy @ Clementi
Condo @ Bukit
Batok West Ave 6
Residential @ Yishun N4C22
Steel PPVC
5) AM Modular
6) CIMC
7) Tiong Seng
8) Dragages
9) Mod Prefab
10) TTJ
11) Quicksmart
+ 9 upcoming suppliers
Concrete PPVC
12) SPP System
13) Excel Precast
14) Vico
15) Dragages
16) Mod Prefab
17) Prefab Tech
18) CS Corp
18 SUPPLIERS
(Through BIP)
Building local supply capabilities –Develop Supply Capabilities for PPVC
Perumal Road
West Coast Vale
Technology
AdoptionF
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
UK
(MEP)Austria and UK
(Cross Laminated Timber)
Spain and London(PPVC) The Netherlands and Denmark (Advanced Precast)
Industry Learning Journeys, Workshops, Sharing SessionsG
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Industry Learning Journeys, Workshops, Sharing SessionsG
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
IPE on Productivity
2010
2012Mid-term review of the Construction Productivity Roadmap
Formulation of the Construction Productivity Roadmap
IPE on BIM
2013
2011
Review of 1st BIM Roadmap
Formulation of the 1st
BIM Roadmap
2014Seek Feedback on overseas practices
2016 Taking DfMA to the next Level
2015Endorsement of 2nd BIM Roadmap
International Panel of Experts (IPEs)
Learning from the
best
G
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Foreign Workforce
Local Workforce
Raise skill level
Impose mandatory
requirements for
higher skilled
workers
Retain & Upgrade
Co-fund training and
upgrading courses Raise levies (i.e. tax)
for less skilled workers
Reduce reliance on
manpower &
encourage technology
adoptionDevelop scholarships
& sponsorships
programmes
Build up local core &
bring in new entrants
Local Workforce
Rose from 1% (in 2011) to 31% (in 2016) of higher skilled workers
Higher Quality
WorkforceSummary of Productivity Measures -
Strategies to Raise Workforce Quality
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Summary of Productivity Measures -
Strategies to Improve Integration of Value Chain
Push for BIM
Adoption
Build Up Collaborative
BIM Capabilities
Mandatory BIM Submissions
Centre for Lean & Virtual Construction
(CLVC)
Collaborative BIM Requirements for
Public Sector Projects
Funding for BIM Adoption
i
ii
iii
iv
Better Integration
of Value Chain
Build Up VDC
Capabilities
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
BIM Requirement for
Public Projects
Summary of Ongoing Measures
HIGHER QUALITY
WORKFORCE
TECHNOLOGY
ADOPTION
CLOSER INTEGRATION
OF VALUE CHAIN
Public
sector takes
the lead
Workforce Training
and Upgrading
Skilled Workforce Mandatory BIM
Submissions
Centre for Lean &
Virtual Construction
Scholarships &
Sponsorships
Productivity
Innovation Projects
Mechanisation Credit
Productivity Gateway
Framework
Tendering Advantage
in Public Projects
Government Land
Sales
Level playing
field
Incentive
schemes
Challenges Ecosystem Changing the way we build
Progress Learning Points
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges Ecosystem Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
Payment
Schedule
Market Technical
Contract & Payments
Regulations
1 2
Challenges
Challenges faced by Early PPVC Projects
3
Supplier
CapabilityWait-and-
See
Design
Timeframe
4
Transport
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges Ecosystem Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
Progress Payment
Sub-contract sum of PPVC could be up to 50% of total project
cost
– Contract between developer and main contractor follows the
traditional mode of payment which is upon installation on site.
– For half of the ongoing projects, the main contractors provided advance
payment to PPVC Suppliers, remaining are paid during production and
installation.
– This results in heavy upfront cost for main contractors.
Challenges faced by Early PPVC Projects
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges Ecosystem Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
Learning Points from Early PPVC Projects
1. Need for early contractor involvement
2. Establish clear scope of work among all parties
3. To balance efficiency and cost (e.g. large modules will incur
extra escort cost for transportation)
4. Achieved cost effectiveness with repetition
5. Innovation (e.g. simple connection enhances speed of on-site installation)
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges Ecosystem Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges Ecosystem Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
“The only way to avoid making mistakes
is not to do anything. And that will be
the ultimate failure.”
Dr Goh Keng Swee (1918 – 2010)Former First Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore
BCA is not a typical technical authority and regulator
Learning from
the Best
• Industry Learning
Journeys
• International Panel of
Experts (IPEs)
Innovate and Taking Calculated Risks
Strong
Ground up
Innovation
Culture
Progress & Achievement
Establishing DfMA Ecosystem
Learning Points
Changing the way We BuildChallenges DfMA Changing the
way we buildProgress Learning
Points
Outdoor cycling in Singapore a big hit
Pulau Ubin, March 2015
See you at
24 – 27 OCTOBER 2017
50
Q&A
Thank you