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Improving communities’ resilience to climate change in Sudan: Lessons learnt from the participatory approach
in Gedaref, Northern, River Nile and Kassala States
Presented by:
1. Why Climate Change and Food Security Projects in Sudan?
• Reliance on livelihoods that are dependent on natural resources
• Geographic location of the country within the Sudano-Sahelian and sub-Saharan African zone
• Changing climate conditions
• Low adaptive capacity and harnessing of existing natural resources
ALL impacting people’s food security and financial capacity.
Current approximate northern limit of rainfed cultivation without water
harvesting
Approximate northern limit of cultivation if rainfall
reduces by 100 mm
Zone where cultivation without water harvesting will become nearly impossible if rainfall reduces by 100 mm
Zone where there will be regular rainfed harvest
failure if rainfall reduces by 100 mm
Rainfed grain producing zone
1. Why Climate Change and Food Security Projects in Sudan?
• Concept of FS – Availability, Access, Utilization, Stability
• Food Shortages – In particular in remote villages
• Lack of Resources/ Capitals – Especially Financial and Physical
• Increase access for food to reduce food vulnerabilities
2. Building on the Work of Previous Red Cross Interventions
“Integrated Food Security Intervention in Gedaref State, Sudan”, implemented with the financial support of EU
• Community Participatory Approach
• Increase Capacity of Target HH – Training, Seeds and Tools
• Access for Water – Rain Water Harvesting
• Increase Food Availability, Access for Food, Utilisation (Home and Community Gardens, Balanced Meals, IGA)
• Support to Men and Women – Gender Balance (Field Crops and Home Garden)
• Ensure Sustainability Linking FS with LH (Organic Manure, Vegetable, IGA)
Added value of partner in Sudan
Sudanese Red Crescent Society:
• Access – Community, Location, Language
• Acceptance – Beneficiaries and Stakeholders
• Sustainability – Long term presence and Volunteers
• Experience – Long Term Experience in Various Sectors, EU RC National Societies
2. Building on the Work of Previous Red Cross Interventions
Project Objective:To contribute to strengthening of resilience towards food insecurity as well as the peaceful co-existence of former refugees an host communities in two localities in Gedaref
Current Food Security Project Overview:Ensuring Food and Nutrition Security and Peaceful Co-existence of Former Refugees and HostCommunities in Gedaref State, Eastern Sudan
2. Building on the Work of Previous Red Cross Interventions
Project Outcomes:1. Improved knowledge2. Sustainable livelihoods3. Host communities and refugees live together4. National society has the technical capacity
Project Structure – Beneficiaries
• Duration of Project : Nov 2017 – Dec 2020• Project Location : Um Gulja and Um Rakuba in Gedaref,
Sudan• Beneficiaries : Host Communities and Former Refugees• Target HH : 1200 HH/ 6,000 People• Stakeholders : Technical Departments of State Ministries - Agriculture, Health,
Animal Resources and Fisheries, Water, Commissioner of Refugees, Humanitarian Aid Commission, Environmental Higher Council, Localities
2. Building on the Work of Previous Red Cross Interventions
State PMC MeetingPCC Meeting Locality PMC Meeting
2. Building on the Work of Previous Red Cross Interventions Project Structure – Implementation
3. Overview of current project: Strengthening Local Communities’ Resilience to Climate Change
Building on Previous Interventions:
• Incorporating past experiences and lessons learnt
• Using knowledge and expertise of Sudanese Red Crescent/ Red Cross Red Crescent Movement and other stakeholders
• Following the resilience approach
• New innovations and technologies
Result 1 under GCCA+Conservation, protection and sustainable management of
farmlands, forests and rangeland enhanced
Result 2 under GCCA+Environmental management and environmental governance of local authorities and other local
stakeholders are enhanced
North Darfur Northern, River Nile and Kassala
With the Sudan National Council for Environment
In partnership with DRC, SwRCand SpRC
Project Impact: to contribute to the strengthening of local communities' resilience and sustainable livelihoods to better respond to and cope with climate change
Project Advisory Committee (PAC)
Science and Technology Advisory Team (STAT)
3. Overview of current project
Impact: To contribute to the strengthening of local communities' resilience and sustainable livelihoods' to better respond to and cope with climate change
Outcome: Prevent, combat and reverse desertification through improved and sustainable management of natural resources
Outputs:
1. Natural Resource Management/Climate Change awareness
2. Adaptation
3. Mitigation
Beneficiaries: 69,613
• Purpose: to understand current land usage and natural resources in order to ensure implementation of appropriate, community led activities
• Combination of two methods – scientific and community
• Scientific – University of Khartoum and NLRC 510 “big data” team
• Community – Red Cross Red Crescent Vulnerability Capacity Assessment Tool
• Results – Comparison of scientific verse community – perception c/f with reality
• Inform CBNRM groups
4. Implementation Strategies: Natural Resource Mapping
Natural Resource MappingExample from scientific mapping
Natural Resource Mapping Example from Community Mapping
PRIORITY RISKS IN ORDER OF PRIORITY ACTIONS PROPOSED BY COMMUNITY
1 Sand dunes Increase the vegetation cover
Establish shelter belts
Increase irrigation sources
Create plant nurseries
2 Lack of irrigation fuel Boreholes powered through solar energy
3 Prevalence of plant diseases Provision of pesticide in the winter season
4 Lack of water Rehabilitation of boreholes and pump
station unit
5 Unavailability of health services Rehabilitation of clinic
The Risks were ranked as follows by FARMERS in South Nawa:
• Bottom-up Approach- Beneficiaries and stakeholders involvement – Beginning to end- Selection of Target Location and Beneficiaries- Identifying needs – Participatory VCA- Preparation of Monthly Plan and Monthly Progress Review
• Community Based Structure – PCC + Community Mobilizers• Strengthening community structure – PCC, Community Centre, Garden, Water
Source• Establish Network - Linking beneficiaries, SRCS and Stakeholders• Exit Strategy and Sustainability - Awareness on responsibilities and
participation during and after the project
4. Implementation Strategies: Community Based Approach
• Project implementation with the collaboration of the concerned technical line ministries department and in line with their policies and strategies
• Project Monitoring Committees are established with the representatives from relevant technical departments of state ministries
• Joint monitoring visits allow them to increase their capacity in field and practical knowledge and experience
• Example of Agricultural Research Centres and Extension Services
4. Implementation Strategies: Support from and Coordination with Line Ministries
5. Challenges
• Current political and economic situation within Sudan
• Everyday implementation realities – lack of fuel, lack of cash
• Environmental challenges
• Cultural context
• Gender inequality
