“Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” UNDP-GEF Project Demo component details Vahram Jalalyan ESIB – INOGATE Energy Audit Training 24-27 May, 2011

““Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” UNDP-GEF ProjectUNDP-GEF Project

Demo component detailsDemo component details

Vahram Jalalyan

ESIB – INOGATE Energy Audit Training24-27 May, 2011

Armenia

National circumstancesNational circumstances

Area - 29.800 km2 Population – 3.2 mln 65% of Armenia's population lives in

urban areas. There are over 400,000 apartments with

a total area of 27 million m2 in multi-apartment buildings

40% of the national energy saving potential is in the buildings, an equivalent of 402,000 toe or 944,000 t of GHG emission reductions annually

2UNDP-GEF “Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” Project

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GHG emissions dynamics GHG emissions dynamics

UNDP-GEF “Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” Project

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Residential construction dynamics in Residential construction dynamics in Armenia 2000-2008Armenia 2000-2008

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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008


““Improving EE in Buildings” ProjectImproving EE in Buildings” Project

Project Objective:Project Objective: Reduce energy consumption in buildings and associated GHG emissions in Armenia

Support to introduction and enforcement of new EE building codes and standards

Promotion of testing and certification system of EE materials and equipment

Outreach, training and education on Integrated Building Design Approach (IBDA)

Demonstration of the energy saving and economic benefits of IBDA application on the example of new multi-apartment pilot building (design and construction)


Pilot project sitePilot project site

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Pilot project site –State Housing Programme in Akhuryan, Armenia


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Pilot project site and demo buildingPilot project site and demo building


•Building type – 4a, • Total area – 2242 m2

•Quantity of appartments – 36•Storeys – 4•Entrances – 3•Sections – 3


Akhuryan village is one of the coldest areas in Armenia.

Heating season lasts 188 days here with average outdoor air temperature of -2.40 C and -25 0C in the coldest five days.

According to the RA construction norms II-7.02-95 “Thermal physics of building envelope”, thermal resistance coefficient for envelops of residential buildings constructed in similar settlements should exceed

3.08 m2·°C/W - for external walls,

4.3 m2·°C/W – for the roof,

4.01 m2·°C/W – for the first floor,

0.46 m2·°C/W – for windows and external doors.

Baseline dataBaseline data


External wallsThe building has three-layered external walls assembled of 200mm- and 100mm-thick reinforced concrete blocks. Between the layers, 100 to 150mm vacant space is envisaged to be filled with volcanic slag of 800 kg/m3 volume weight.

Windows and external doors (balcony and entrance) Locally produced windows of two-layer glass are installed with 6cm-wide metal-plastic frames.

The first storey floor No insulation is envisaged for the floors of the first storey and for columns and beams included into the external walls.

The 4th storey cover For insulation of the last storey cover, 300mm-thick slag layer is envisaged; however, for the buildings constructed in Gyumry, 20mm-thick foam-plastic and 50 to 100mm-thick slag layers were put.

BalconiesNo insulation is envisaged for concrete blocks of balconies.

Vestibule (tambour) Noteworthy, vestibules were envisaged in the initial design, but are no more included in it.

The Baseline Option The Baseline Option


Estimations of thermal resistance performed with the data used in the design yield values of 0.72, 0.85, 0.79, 0.38 m2·°C/W for the building’s external walls, cover, floors and windows respectively that are significantly lower than required by the current norms.

Energy performance – 212 kWh/m2 year

Indoor temperature - 20°C

Building heat load - 220 kW (Individual boilers >90% Eff.)

Natural gas consumption - 51,700 m3 (heating)

Natural gas cost - 6,824,000 AMD (132 AMD/m3).

The Baseline Option The Baseline Option


The Baseline Option


The Baseline Option


The Baseline Option


Limitations to the Limitations to the ddesignesign changes changes

N Pre-requisites of activity selection for improvement of energy efficiency in the demonstration building

Observations

1 Replicability potential The activities to implement must ensure easy replicability

2 Affordability Technology/materials to implement must be available and affordable in the Armenian market

3 Bearing structure changing limitations (seismic issues)

The amendments envisaged must not adversely affect the building’s seismic performance

4 After baseline amendments to the building’s design, apartment areas must not decrease

Area in disposal of the demonstration building’s residents must be equivalent to the other buildings’


Analysis of thermal insulation materialsAnalysis of thermal insulation materialsN Option

descriptionApplicability

Advantages Shortcomings

1 Volcanic slag Walls, the last storey cover

Low price, local production

Growing damp, thick layers required to reach the desired coefficient, if used as wall filling gives shrinkage over time

2 Blown perlite Walls, the last storey cover

Local production Can grow damp, if used as wall filling gives shrinkage over time

3 Polysterene (sheet)

Walls, the last storey cover

Local production based on imported raw materials, relatively affordable price

Does not ensure solid external level, presents certain sanitary problems, burns (is not fire safe)

4 Polyurethane (blown directly on site)

Walls, the last storey cover, the first storey cover

Ensures solid external layer, has sufficiently high thermal resistance coefficient, almost does not burn

Relatively new and little tested technology

5 Extruded polyurethane (sheet)

Walls, the last storey cover

Has sufficiently high thermal resistance coefficient, does not burn

Too high value

6 Polysterene panels with metal network

Walls Ready panels are installed easily, local production

Limited thickness (up to 10cm), high value

7 Perlite-concrete blocks

Walls Local production, produced also for building coating

Limited thickness (up to 7cm), high value


The Project Option The Project Option

External walls Attach external surface (usual, smooth) of 20cm-thick wall build of pumice-

concrete reinforced blocks to external surfaces of columns and beams; Exclude 10cm-thick pumice-concrete wall and slag layer into the walls’

structure; Starting from the lowest point of insulation layer of the first storey’s cover

and up to the highest point of insulation layer of the last storey’s cover, envisage 8.5cm-thick on-site-blown polyurethane layer per the building’s total external perimeter.

That should be covered with concrete-adhesive material that, in its turn, be covered with 2.5 to 3 cm-thick concrete-sand color plastering with steel network

The network should be fixed to the external walls, columns and beams at 40cmX40cm steps with 8 A500c Փ reinforcing rods;

A part of 8.5cm-thick polyurethane layer may be coated with tuff blocks, on the architect’s decision.

Windows and external doors (balcony and entrance) Envisage in the new design three-layered windows and doors with metal-plastic frame with thermal resistance of 0.51 m2·°C/W. Insulation of windows and doors should be performed per their total perimeter with rock wool or other fire resistant insulation material.


The Project Option The Project Option

The first storey floor Under the cover’s block, envisage solid 6cm-thick layer of on-site-blown

polyurethane and 2 to 3cm-thick concrete-sand plastering (gunned material) with steel network and fix it to the cover’s blocks with dowels;

To prevent possible damping of the insulation layer, envisage a water-insulating layer for sanitary units’ and kitchens’ floors.

The 4th storey cover On the cover’s blocks, envisage 10cm-thick layer of on-site-blown polyurethane and 5cm-thick concrete-sand layer.

Balconies Envisage 12cm-thick block for balconies instead of initially stated 20cm; Envisage solid 2cm-thick insulating layer of on-site-blown polyurethane

for balcony’s blocks. Envisage color concrete-sand plastering with metal networks for lower and front surfaces of the balcony’s blocks.

Vestibule (tambour) Envisage vestibules (tambours) for all entrances of the building, design per the architect’s decision. Using the excess space emerged due to the building’s re-design, it is possible to allocate vestibules (tambours) in inside the building.


The Project Option ResultsThe Project Option Results

Energy performance – 64 kWh/m2 year

Indoor temperature - 20°C

Building heat load - 69 kW (Individual boilers >90% Eff.)

Natural gas consumption – 16,400 m3 (heating)

Natural gas cost – 2,170,000 AMD (132 AMD/m3).


The Baseline and Project Options The Baseline and Project Options Cost BalanceCost Balance

ՏարրըImplementation cost, k

AMD Delta, k AMDBaseline Project

Walls55,438

46,852 -8,586

Floor-

11,123 11,123

Cover/roof2,045

7,160 5,115

Windows11,094

19,177 8,083

Doors2,842

4,628 1,787

Vestibule -

1,332 1,332

Total71,418

90,272 18,853


Components

Options

R value (մ2·K)/W

Energy Performanc

eThermal Load

Required by Norms

Built/Designed

kWh/m2 kW

WallsBaseline

3.080.72 102.38 105.9

Proposed 3.19 22.47 24.0

WindowsBaseline

0.460.38 36.32 37.6

Proposed 0.51 25.69 28.0

FloorBaseline

4.010.79 35.65 36.9

Proposed 4.14 6.43 6.3

Cover Baseline

4.300.85 31.15 32.2

Proposed 4.93 5.13 5.6

DoorsBaseline

0.460.38 6.63 6.9

Proposed 0.51 4.69 5.1

TotalBaseline

-- 212.13 219.5

Proposed - 64.41 69.0

Thermal resistances of the elementsThermal resistances of the elements


35%

40%

10%

8% 7% Walls

Windows

Floor

Cover

Doors

48% 17%

17%

15%3%

Walls

Windows

Floor

Cover

Doors

Baseline building

Project (demo) building

The Building’s Energy PerformanceThe Building’s Energy Performance


Drawings of the elements of Baseline Drawings of the elements of Baseline and Proposed Options and Proposed Options


Drawings of the elements of Baseline Drawings of the elements of Baseline and Proposed Options and Proposed Options

Thank youThank you

Yerevan, Republic Square, Government Building #3Phone: +37410 58-39-20 (ext. 22)Fax: +37410 58-39-33

E-mail: [email protected]

URL: www.nature-ic.am

Documents

“Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings” UNDP-GEF Project Demo component details Vahram Jalalyan ESIB – INOGATE Energy Audit Training 24-27 May, 2011