IN AW E

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HIGHLIGHT OF THE MONTH

LAUNCH OF SMART CITIES MISSION, AMRUT & HOUSING

FOR ALL BY PRIME MINISTER MR NARENDRA MODI

CITIES | EVENTS | CSR

towards green

JUNE 2015

Your vision and mission to give quality of l ife to every cit izen besides just a house, took us through a walk of New India.Your in depth feelings about the aspirations of migrants to cit ies , and the responsibil ity to give them equal amenities proves what it means to give it back to the society !

With so many missions launched, every issue has been addressed, and soon India with its diverse cultures shall be the envy of many.

Digital India, is another step forward to reach out to those who have no access to information. And its here we converge with your aim and are working towards providing information and knowledge to one and all, through our init iative of Online Magazine and also through Social Campaigns, Conferences.

We have compiled a ready reckoner to understand both AMRUT and SMART CITIES MISSION

?Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing that is worth knowing can be taught.? ? Oscar Wilde

Its not always that giving knowledge and information brings about a change . Change comes from within, and are we really ready to change our mindset. Its the discipline and governance from bottoms up or top down that has to change. I am quoting a small example of the mind set of employees from mill ions happenings every day.

SAKET POSTMEN DUMP MAIL INTO SAKET NALLAH !

Our Postmen found an easy way to escape the scorching heat by dumping the mail packages into open drain.

These and many others have to be changed and disciplined before we can think of really NEW INDIA

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THANK YOU MR PRIME MINISTER !

FROM THE ARCHITECT'S DESK

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An easy comparat ive analysis of the two

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Easy to understand steps to

part icipate in SMART CITIES

CHALLENGE

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MISSION OF SMART CITIES & AMRUT

SIMPLE STEPS HOW CITIES WILL APPLY AND ALL OTHER ISSUES

JAMSHEDPUR 2057 ALL ABOUT AMRUT

TRANSFORMING AHMEDABAD?S CITY CENTER USING PLANNING AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TO REFURBISH OUR CITIES

Prof. Charanjit S Shah

Bimal Patel, HCP Ahmedabad

WHY SMART CITIES & ATAL MISSION FOR REJUVENATION & URBAN TRANSFORMATION ?

MISSION AT A GLANCE

Smart Cit ies Mission

In the approach of the Smart Cities Mission, the objective is to promote cit ies that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of l ife to its cit izens, a clean and sustainable environment and application of ?Smart? Solutions. The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact areas, create a replicable model which will act l ike a light house to other aspiring cit ies. The Smart Cities Mission of the Government is a bold, new init iative. It is meant to set examples that can be replicated both within and outside the Smart City,

catalysing the creation of similar Smart

Cities in various regions and parts of

the country.

AMRUT

Therefore, the purpose of Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) is to (i) ensure that every household has access to a tap with assured supply of water and a sewerage connection; (ii) increase the amenity value of cit ies by developing greenery and well maintained open spaces (e.g. parks); and (iii) reduce pollution by switching to public transport or constructing facil it ies for non-motorized transport (e.g. walking and cycling). All these outcomes are valued by cit izens, particularly women, and indicators and standards have been prescribed by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) in the form of Service Level Benchmarks (SLBs).

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THE INDIA SMART CITIES CHALLENGE :

PLAN, PROPOSE AND WIN !

STEPS MADE SIMPLE AND EASY TO UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW

STEP 1

IN THE FIRST YEAR, 100 CITIES WILL COMPETE FOR

FUNDING

As a f irst step, all states will use standardized criteria to pick their cit ies for the competit ion. Every state is guaranteed at least one city in the competit ion. All total,

100 cit ies will compete.

Cities judged to have the best proposals will receive funding.

The remaining cit ies will have the chance to compete again next

year

STEP 2

THE CHALLENGE WILL RUN THREE TIMES

- 2015-2016

COMPETITION CYCLE ONE

- 2016-2017

COMPETITION CYCLE TWO

- 2017-2018

COMPETITION CYCLE THREE

YEAR ONE TIME LINE

JUNE - JULY 2015

States Nominate Cit ies to Compete

Indian states nominate cit ies that meet select criteria to participate

in the competit ion

AUGUST 2015

100 Cities Enter the Competit ion

Cities undertake their Start-to-Smart journeys

AUGUST - OCTOBER 2015

Cities Develop a Bold Vision and Smart Proposals

Each city formulates its own unique vision, mission and plan

for a ?smart city.? Their concepts ref lect the city?s local context,

resources, and priorit ies of cit izens. Each city develops a

pan-city and area-based proposal.

DECEMBER 2015

Early Winners Announced and Short-Listed Cities Progress

A small number of cit ies ? those with exceptional proposals ? are

named winners. The next 20 or so best cit ies continue in the

competit ion with another chance to win. Remaining cit ies will have

the chance to compete in the next competit ion cycle.

DECEMBER 2015 - FEBRUARY 2016

Short-Listed Cities Engage in the 'Good to Great' Program

Teams from the short-l isted cit ies participate in a robust innovation

and implementation planning program designed to strengthen

and ref ine their proposals.

MARCH - APRIL 2016

Winners Announced

After the short-l isted cit ies re-submit their proposals,

additional winning cit ies are announced. They receive funds

from the Ministry of Urban Development to bring their

proposals to life. Cities that don?t win funding will have the chance

to compete again in the next competit ion cycle.

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The India Smart Cities Challenge is designed to inspire greater creativity from municipal off icials and their partners, more involvement and inspiration from citizens, and the development of proposals that will produce concrete benefits in

HOW CITIES WILL APPLY

1. Municipal leaders will download the application from the Apply section of the website2. Tools, resources, t ips, and instructions for developing the application will be available for

each phase of the application process.3. The Challenge process will include support for local leaders ? helping them define

challenges and opportunities, learn from experts worldwide, and draw from the evidence on what?s worked to help them get smarter

WHAT THE PLANS INCLUDE

1. A Bold Vision: Each city must convey its own unique vision that ref lects local context, its resources, and the priorit ies and aspirations of its cit izens.

2. A Pan-City Init iative: Cities should draw inspiration from smart solutions that incorporate the use of technology, information and data to improve services or results for cit izens. The pan-city init iative must touch the lives of many, or potentially all, of its cit izens.

3. An Area-Based Development Plan: This plan will transform an existing place within each city, creating an exemplar for other areas in the city, or across the country, to follow. Depending on local circumstances, cit ies may choose one of three approaches: retrof itt ing, redevelopment, or greenfield development.

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The Challenge requires municipal leaders and their partners to consult the public to develop proposals that are both sound and have a high likelihood of being implemented. Proposed solutions must strengthen the city?s governance or its physical, social, or economic infrastructure.

SMART CITIES MISSION

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The core inf rastructure elements in a smart city would include: GUIDELINES

1. Adequate water supply2. Assured electricity supply3. Sanitation, including solid waste management4. Eff icient urban mobility and public transport5. Affordable housing, especially for the poor 6. Robust IT connectivity and digitalization7. Good governance, especially e-Governance and cit izen participation8. Sustainable environment9. Safety and security of cit izens, particularly women, children and the elderly, and 10.Health and education

Smart City Features

Some typical features of comprehensive development in Smart Cities are described below.

i. Promoting mixed land use in area based developments?planning for ?unplanned areas? containing a range of compatible activit ies and land uses close to one another in order to make land use more eff icient. The States will enable some f lexibil ity in land use and building bye-laws to adapt to change;

ii. Housing and inclusiveness - expand housing opportunities for all;

iii. Creating walkable localit ies ?reduce congestion, air pollution and resource depletion, boost local economy, promote interactions and ensure security. The road network is created or refurbished not only for vehicles and public transport, but also for pedestrians and cyclists, and necessary administrative services are offered within walking or cycling distance;

iv. Preserving and developing open spaces - parks, playgrounds, and recreational spaces in order to enhance the quality of l ife of cit izens, reduce the urban heat effects in Areas and generally promote eco-balance;

v. Promoting a variety of transport options - Transit Oriented Development (TOD), public

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Smart City Features Cont inued:

transport and last mile para-transport connectivity;

vi. Making governance cit izen-friendly and cost effective - increasingly rely on online services to bring about accountability and transparency, especially using mobiles to reduce cost of services and providing services without having to go to municipal off ices. Forming e-groups to listen to people and obtain feedback and use online monitoring of programs and activit ies with the aid of cyber tour of worksites;

vii. Giving an identity to the city - based on its main economic activity, such as local cuisine, health, education, arts and craft, culture, sports goods, furniture, hosiery, textile, dairy, etc;

viii. Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-based development in order to make them better. For example, making Areas less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources, and providing cheaper services.

How Many Smart Cit ies in Each State/UT?

The total number of 100 smart cit ies have been distributed among the States and UTs on the basis of an equitable criteria. The formula gives equal weightage (50:50) to urban population of the State/UT and the number of statutory towns in the State/UT. Based on this formula, each State/UT will, therefore, have a certain number of potential smart cit ies, with each State/UT having at least one. This distribution is given below. The number of potential Smart Cities from each State/UT will be capped at the indicated number. (This distribution formula has also been used for allocation of funds under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation - AMRUT). The distribution of smart cit ies will be reviewed after two years of the implementation of the Mission. Based on an assessment of the performance of States/ULBs in the Challenge, some re-allocation of the remaining potential smart cit ies among States may be required to be done by MoUD.

SELECTION PROCESS

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Number of cit ies allocated to States based on urban population and number of statutory towns

State/ UT No. of cit ies

1. A & N Islands 1 2. Andhra Pradesh 3 3. Arunachal Pradesh 1 4. Assam 1 5. Bihar 3 6. Chandigarh 1 7. Chhattisgarh 2 8. Daman & Diu 1 9. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 10.Delhi 1 11.Goa 1 12.Gujarat 6 13.Haryana 2 14.Himachal Pradesh 1 15.Jamm u & Kashmir 1 16.Jharkhand 1 17.Karnataka 6 18.Kerala 1 19.Lakshadweep 1 20.Madhya Pradesh 7 21.Maharashtra 10 22.Manipur 1 23.Meghalaya 1

SMART CITIES MISSION

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State/ UT No. of cit ies

24.Mizoram 1

25.Nagaland 1

26.Odisha 2

27.Puducherry 1

28.Punjab 3

29.Rajasthan 4

30.Sikkim 1

31.Tamil Nadu 12

32.Telangana 2

33.Tripura 1

34.Uttar Pradesh 13

35.Uttarakhand 1

36.West Bengal 4

Grand Total 100

THE INDIA SMART CITIES MISSION: STRATEGY

Strategy The strategic components of area-based development in the Smart Cities Mission are city improvement (retrof itt ing), city renewal (redevelopment) and city extension (greenfield development) plus a Pan-city init iative in which Smart Solutions are applied covering larger parts of the city. Below are given the descriptions of the three models of Area-based smart city development:

1.1 Retrof it t ing will introduce planning in an existing built-up area to achieve smart city

objectives, along with other objectives, to make the existing area more eff icient and liveable. In retrof itt ing, an area consisting of more than 500 acres will be identif ied by the city in consultation with cit izens. Depending on the existing level of infrastructure services in the identif ied area and the vision of the residents, the cit ies will prepare a strategy to become smart. Since existing structures are largely to remain intact in this model, it is expected that more intensive infrastructure service levels and a large number of smart applications will be packed into the retrof itted smart city. This strategy may also be completed in a shorter t ime frame, leading to its replication in another part of the city.

1.2 Redevelopment will effect a replacement of the existing built-up environment and

enable co-creation of a new layout with enhanced infrastructure using mixed land use and increased density. Redevelopment envisages an area of more than 50 acres, identif ied by Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in consultation with cit izens. For instance, a new layout plan of the identif ied area will be prepared with mixed landuse, higher FSI and high ground coverage. Two examples of the redevelopment model are the Saifee Burhani Uplif tment Project in Mumbai (also called the Bhendi Bazaar Project) and the redevelopment of East Kidwai Nagar in New Delhi being undertaken by the National Building Construction Corporation.

1.3 Greenf ield development will introduce most of the Smart Solutions in a previously

vacant area (more than 250 acres) using innovative planning, plan f inancing and plan implementation tools (e.g. land pooling/ land reconstitution) with provision for affordable housing, especially for the poor. Greenfield developments are required around cit ies in order to address the needs of the expanding population. One well known example is the GIFT City in Gujarat. Unlike retrof itt ing and redevelopment, greenfield developments could be located either within the limits of the ULB or within the limits of the local Urban Development Authority (UDA).

1.4 Pan-city development envisages application of selected Smart Solutions to the

existing city-wide infrastructure. Application of Smart Solutions will involve the use of technology, information and data to make infrastructure and services better. For example, applying Smart Solutions in the transport sector (intell igent traff ic management system) and

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THE INDIA SMART CITIES MISSION: STRATEGY

and reducing average commute time or cost of cit izens will have positive effects on productivity and quality of l ife of cit izens. Another example can be waste water recycling and smart metering which can make a huge contribution to better water management in the city. The smart city proposal of each shortlisted city is expected to encapsulate either a retrof itt ing or redevelopment or greenfield development model, or a mix thereof and a Pan-city feature with Smart Solution(s). It is important to note that pan-city is an additional feature to be provided. Since smart city is taking a compact area approach, it is necessary that all the city residents feel there is something in it for them also. Therefore, the additional requirement of some (at least one) city-wide smart solution has been put in the scheme to make it inclusive. For North Eastern and Himalayan States, the area proposed to be developed will be one-half of what is prescribed for any of the alternative models - retrof itt ing, redevelopment or greenfield development.

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THE INDIA SMART CITIES MISSION

Challenge Stage 1: Preconditions and Documents to be submitted by each State Conditions precedent

1. State undertaking to make the City Smart (Form 1, Part-3),

2. Inter- departmental Task Force consisting of parastatal bodies, Urban Local Body(ULB), Organizations and Urban Development Authorit ies (UDAs) will be constituted in order to make the city smart (Form 1, Part-4),

3. Elected City Council?s Resolution to make the city Smart (Form 2, Part-5), and

4. Consultations held with residents on city development priorit ies (Form 2, Part-6).

Scoring criteria Below are given the scoring criteria to be used by the States/UTs to score the potent ial smart cit ies and send the names of cit ies with the highest scores to MoUD for their select ion to part icipate in the Stage 2 of the Chal lenge.

1. Exist ing Service Levels

i. Percentage of increase over Census 2011 or Swachh Bharat baseline on number of household sanitary latrines, whichever is less (Form 2, Part -1) ? 10 points,

ii. Making operable Online Grievance Redressal System with response being sent back to complainant (Form 2, Part-2) ? (Y/N) ? 5 points,

iii. At-least f irst monthly e-newsletter published (Form 2, Part-3) ? (Y/N) ? 5 points, and

iv. Electronically place project-wise municipal budget expenditure information for the last two f inancial years on the website (Form 2, Part-4) ? (Y/N) ? 5 points.

2. Inst itut ional Systems/ Capacit ies

i. Started to levy compensatory penalty for delays in service delivery (Form 2, Part 7) - (Y/N) ? 5 points, and

ii. Has the total collection of internally generated revenue (e.g. taxes, fees, charges) shown an increasing trend during the last three FYs (2012-15) ? (Form 2, Part 8) (Y/N) ? 10 points.

3. Self -f inancing

i. Payment of salaries by ULB up-to last month (Form 2, Part-9) ? 5 points,

ii. Audit of accounts up-to FY 12-13 (Form 2, Part-10) ? 5 points,

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THE INDIA SMART CITIES MISSION: STRATEGY

iii. Percentage contribution of tax revenue, fees and user charges, rents and other internal revenue sources to the ULB Budget (actuals in 2014-15) ? (Form 2, Part 11) ? 10 points, and iv. Percentage of establishment and maintenance cost of water supply, which is met by collected user charges for supply of water during last FY (2014-15) ? (Form 2, Part 12) ? 10 points.

4. Past t rack record and reforms

i. Percentage of internal revenue sources (self-generated) budget funds used for capital works during FY (2014-15) ? (Form 2, Part 13) ? 10 points,

ii. Percentage of City-level JnNURM Reforms achieved (Form2, Part 14) ? 10 points for six (6)ULB level Reforms, and

iii. Percentage of JnNURM projects completed, which were sanctioned during the original Mission period (upto 2012) (Form 2, Part 15) ? 10 points.

Documents

The forms in which the States have to get proposals from the ULBs and in which they have to send to the MoUD are given below.

1. The list of cit ies shortlisted by each state (Form 1, Part-1).

2. Declaration of shortlisting criteria met by each shortlisted city (Form 1, Part-2). This form needs to be submitted for each shortlisted city.

3. Undertaking of the State Government to make the city smart (Form 1, Part-3)

4. Order of constitution of Inter-departmental Task Force (Form 1, Part-4)

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URBAN ISSUES AND ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTIONS

Redef ining Indian Sustainable Smart Cit ies

Prof . Charanjit S Shah

"A research paper authored by Prof. (Ar.) Charanjit Shah, Founding Principal, Creative Group,

Earlier, the MoUD used to give project-by-project sanctions. In the AMRUT this has been replaced by approval of the State Annual Action Plan once a year by the MoUD and the States have to give project sanctions and approval at their end. In this way, the AMRUT makes States equal partners in planning and implementation of projects, thus actualizing the spirit of cooperative federalism. A sound institutional structure is the foundation to make Missions successful. Therefore, Capacity Building and a set of Reforms have been included in the Mission. Reforms will lead to improvement in service delivery, mobilization of resources and making municipal functioning more transparent and functionaries more accountable, while Capacity Building will empower municipal functionaries and lead to timely completion of projects

Coverage

Five hundred cit ies will be taken up under AMRUT. The list of cit ies will be notif ied at the appropriate time. The category of cit ies that will be covered in the AMRUT is given below: i. All Cities and Towns with a population of over one lakh with notif ied Municipalit ies, including Cantonment Boards (Civil ian areas), ii. All Capital Cities/Towns of States/ UTs, not covered in above , iii. All Cities/ Towns classif ied as Heritage Cities by MoUD under the HRIDAY Scheme, iv. Thirteen Cities and Towns on the stem of the main rivers with a population above 75,000 and less than 1 lakh, and v. Ten Cities from hill states, islands and tourist destinations (not more than one from each State).

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Providing basic services (e.g. water supply, sewerage, urban t ransport ) to households and build amenit ies in cit ies which wil l improve the qual ity of l i fe for al l , especial ly the poor and the disadvantaged is a nat ional priority

AMRUT

Thrust Areas

The Mission will focus on the following Thrust Areas:

i. Water Supply,

ii. Sewerage facilit ies and management,

iii. Storm Water drains to reduce f looding,

iv. Pedestrian, non-motorized and public transport facil it ies, parking spaces, and

v. Enhancing amenity value of cit ies by creating and upgrading green spaces, parks and recreation centers, especially for children.

Execut ion Steps

Projects will be executed by ULBs. In case the ULBs do not have adequate capacity to handle projects, the State Government may recommend in SAAP, upon a Resolution passed by the ULB, for the execution of the projects by specialized parastatal agencies of the State or Central Governments. Such arrangements should necessarily be executed by way of a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) amongst the State Government, the specialized Parastatal agencies and the concerned Municipality. In such a case, the capacity of the ULBs will be augmented through the capacity building component of the AMRUT. The maintenance and upkeep of the created assets will be the responsibil ity of the ULB and the State Government. The MoUD will not give project-by-project approvals or technically sanction project DPRs; the States/UTs will be solely responsible for these activit ies. The MoUD has prepared comprehensive manuals and issued guidelines and advisories on solid waste management, sewerage, water supply, urban transport, etc. The State Level Technical Committee (SLTC) will ensure compliance with these technical documents. The f low chart given below gives the details of the complete process of planning, approval and implementation of the AMRUT.

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AMRUT

EXECUTION STEPS

1. Apex Committee allocates annual budget to States 2. The SHPSC gets city level Service Level Improvement Plans (SLIPs) prepared in order to

provide water supply and sewerage connections to all in the city. 3. The SLIPs are aggregated to form the State Annual Action Plans (SAAP). 4. The Apex Committee appraises and approves the SAAP. 5. Execution begins. 6. The ULBs get the DPRs for identif ied projects approved by the SHPSC which are

technically appraised by the SLTC. 7. Implementation begins after the detailed technical & f inancial appraisal of the DPRs.

State Annual Act ion Plan (SAAP)

The basic building block for the SAAP will be the SLIPs prepared by the ULBs. At the State level, the SLIPs of all Mission cit ies will be aggregated into the SAAP. Therefore, the SAAP is basically a State level service improvement plan indicating the year-wise improvements in water-supply and sewerage connections to households. Principles of Priorit ization: The States will decide on the inter-ULB allocation based on gap analysis and f inancial strength of ULBs and choose those ULBs in the f irst year that have higher gaps in provision of water supply and sewerage. The priorit ization of ULBs for funding will be done after consultation with local MPs, Mayors and Commissioners of the concerned ULBs. Financially weaker ULBs can be f inanced to a greater extent. Urban Local Bodies with a high proportion of urban poor could receive a higher share. Moreover, the potential Smart cit ies will be given f irst preference because the Smart Cities Mission and the AMRUT are complementary.

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AMRUT

State Annual Act ion Plan (SAAP)

Based on priorit ization by the States and resources available, the States will send the SAAP up to three times the Central Assistance (CA) allocated to the State during 2015-16 (because a project is l ikely to take three years for completion and the funding will be given in three instalments) and the outstanding CA of the previous year plus the annual allocation of the year in the subsequent years. As a result, dif ferent ULBs within a State may become entit led to dif ferent funding patterns, but the share of the Centre will be f ixed as given in these Guidelines. Importance of O&M: Experience with past programmes has shown that once projects are completed the ULBs pay litt le attention to the operation and maintenance of infrastructure assets created. Therefore, projects being proposed to the MoUD in the SAAP will include O & M for at least f ive years to be funded by way of levy of user charges or other revenue streams. However, for the purpose of calculation of the project cost, the O&M cost will be excluded and the States/ULBs will fund the O&M through an appropriate cost recovery mechanism in order to make them self-reliant and cost-effective. Financing of projects: Financing is an important element of the SAAP. The maximum share which will be given by the Central Government. The States/ULBs have to plan for the remaining resource generation at the time of preparation of the SAAP. The f inancial share of cit ies will vary across States. In some States, the ULBs may be in a position to contribute signif icantly to the project cost as compared to a ULB in another State. Accordingly, States have to decide

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AMRUT

State Annual Act ion Plan (SAAP)

during formulation of the SAAP how the residual f inancing (over and above Central Government share) is shared between the State, ULBs and any other source identif ied by the State/ULB (e.g. PPP, market borrowing). However, the State contribution to the SAAP will not be less than 20 percent of the total project cost. Importantly, at the State level the SAAP should only contain those projects where complete project cost is completely linked with revenue sources. This will include dovetailing with other sectoral and f inancial programmes of the Centre and State Governments. A useful way is to create a Financial Intermediary, also a Reform in the AMRUT, in order to pool funds from all sources and release funds to ULBs in time. Such intermediaries will also be able to access external sources of f inance, such as debt and bonds, which small and f inancially distressed ULBs are unable to access. The potential opened by the promulgation of Regulations by the SEBI for muni-bonds can be fully realized by such an intermediary. During the process of developing the SAAP, the States/UTs should explore the possibil ity of using Public Private Partnerships (PPP), which should be the preferred execution model. The PPP should include appropriate Service Level Agreements (SLAs) with strong cit izen feedback built into it. This will lead to the People Public Private Partnership (PPPP) model.

Approval of SAAP

The SAAP will be approved by the MoUD once a year according to the schedule given by the Apex Committee. The Apex Committee may revise the SAAP, approve with conditions or return it for rectif ication of gaps. The AMRUT will provide project funds to ULBs through the States. Some of the criteria to evaluate the SAAP by the MoUD are given below. i. How well has the State Government diagnosed service level gaps? ii. How well has the State planned and f inanced capital expenditure? iii. How well has the State moved towards achievement of universal coverage in water supply and sewerage/septage and thereafter other

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AMRUT

State Annual Act ion Plan (SAAP)

other benchmarks in these two sectors and in urban transport and storm water drain construction? iv. What is the expected level of the f inancial support from the Central Government and how well have State/ULB and other sources of f inance been identif ied and accessed? v. How fairly and equitably have the needs of the ULBs been given due consideration? vi. Have adequate consultations with all stakeholders been done, including cit izens, local MPs and other public representatives?

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AMRUT

Preparat ion of Service Level Improvement Plans (SLIPs)

The primary purpose is to cover all households with water supply and sewerage (including septage). For this the Service Level Improvement Plan (SLIP), has to be prepared by each ULB and the strategic steps are given below. Assess the service level gap: The AMRUT builds on the available data, information and plans on water supply and sewerage with the States/ULBs. If we take the zone as the basic unit to assess existing levels of coverage of water supply and sewerage, the number of households in the zone having water tap/sewerage connections and those not having will be taken from the Census (2011) or the baseline survey done by the MoUD (No new baseline survey is envisaged and the State/ULB should accept / endorse the earlier baseline). The zone-wise gaps will be added to arrive at the service level gap in water supply and sewerage in the ULB. Bridge the gap: Once the gap between the existing number of households having water and sewerage/septage connections vs. the total number of households is computed, plans will be prepared to bridge the gap by using one or more of the components set out. All households in a zone will be covered and this exercise should be done separately for water supply and sewerage and will be a part of the SLIP.

Examine al ternat ives: The ULBs will have to examine alternatives available to them. For example, one State/ULB may require addressing gaps in distribution. Another State/ULB may require a common grid connecting many localit ies to a distant water source. In sewerage, some States/ULBs may choose a mix of centralised and decentralised systems. A State/ULB with high urban densities may choose centralised network based systems. Moreover, considering the cost of sewerage network systems, some ULBs may opt for eff icient septage management systems. Therefore, a one-size-f its-all approach will not work and alternatives should be generated in order to do more with less resources and do it in a way that the benefits reach the people in the form of taps and toilets.

Est imate the cost : The cost (both capital and O&M) of each project will be prepared based on line (or abstract) estimates. An important output will be the total requirement of funds for

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AMRUT

for achieving universal coverage for water supply and sewerage (Master Plans) for each ULB and the full State. All relevant and appropriate technical and f inancial norms prescribed in the JnNURM will apply to the AMRUT Mission; no contingencies or cost escalation will be permissible and no incomplete or already started projects will be included.

Priorit ize: The maximum amount the Central Government will give as project f inance is given in fund allocation. If resources are available to achieve universal coverage in one year, then the ULB will propose the same. However, if suff icient resources are not available to achieve universal coverage in the ULB and the Mission has to be implemented in several years, the ULB will priorit ize the zones to be taken up in the f irst, second, third, fourth and f if th year of the Mission. Universal coverage will start with water-supply followed by sewerage in that order. Depending on availability of funds, universal coverage of water supply and sewerage can also be done together. After universal coverage is achieved, the State/ULBs will decide on the next priority ? a ULB may decide to construct storm water drains or fund urban transport depending on whether the local priority is to reduce frequent f looding or reduce vehicle-induced pollution. All in all, universal coverage is a National Priority and this is the f irst objective to be achieved by the States/ULBs. However, upto 2.5 percent of the annual allocation may be used to develop parks having child friendly features together with preparing guidelines to entrust park maintenance with funds and functionaries to the local interested stakeholders. This is also a Reform in the AMRUT.

Out-of-box thinking: There should be a ?decisive break with the past? during the preparation of the SLIPs by the ULBs. For example, instead of pumping water from long distances involving huge capital and electricity consumption costs, the States/ULBs should examine alternatives, such as water recycling and reuse.

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AMRUT

The benchmark is that at least 20 percent of the waste water generated in ULBs should be recycled and the norms for recycled water for non-potable uses have already been prescribed. Another way is to make the water system more eff icient by reducing unaccounted water (non-revenue water) to less than 20 percent, which is also a part of the Reforms to be implemented by the States/ULBs and are supported in the AMRUT. During design and preparation of technical estimate, low cost options will be given preference (frugal engineering) and Smart Solutions applied in order to reduce costs and make services better. A list of Smart Solutions developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) is given in Annexure 3 .

Condit ional it ies:

Non-availability of land or delayed availability was one of the key factors that had delayed projects in the earlier Mission. Another connected issue is obtaining clearances from other departments. Therefore, in the AMRUT no projects should be included which do not have land available and no project work order should be issued if all clearances from all the departments have not been received by that t ime. Moreover, the cost of land purchase will be borne by the States/ULBs. Finally, the AMRUT funds should not be used to complete some components in the JnNURM which were shown in the Detailed Project Report submitted and approved by the MoUD. For example, if the main lines have been laid by using JnNURM grants and provision of taps was also a part of the project, but has not been provided by the ULB, then such left over portions are not eligible for funding in the AMRUT.

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AMRUT

Resil ience

Incorporation of resil ience and securing projects against disasters will be done at the stage of preparation of the SLIP itself , particularly for the vulnerable and the poor, and at the project development stage where disaster-secure engineering and structural norms would be included in the design. This will be again ensured by the States/ULBs while preparing the SAAPs. Financing: Financing of projects, including the O&M after the project is completed, is a key aspect of the SLIPs. For each option the capital cost and O&M cost has to be estimated. Dif ferent sources of f inance have to be identif ied. At the ULB level the contribution from internal sources (e.g. taxes, fees, others), external sources (e.g. transfers from States, project fund from Central/State Governments, others) and possibil it ies of debt, bonds and others has to be assessed. The challenge is to motivate cit izens to share the additional cost. One way is to take a loan for project funding for a locality and repay the loan through an increase in property taxes for, say, 10 years in that locality only. This is called Tax Increment Financing (TIF). Dovetailing of funds through convergence with other Central and State Government Programs/Schemes with the AMRUT is also another source of funding. At the stage of preparation of SLIP itself , cit ies must seek convergence with Smart Cities Mission, Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY), Digital India, Skill development, Namami Gange, Housing for All, etc

Reforms

Implementation of Reforms is an important objective of the SLIP. The ULBs have to prepare a roadmap for Reforms which will be consolidated by the State Mission Director and included as part of the SAAP. Some Reforms require more funds while others require less funds. Assessment and collection of user charges, property tax, fee, and so on are examples of activit ies requiring hardly any additional funds. If funds are required to implement Reforms they can be accessed from, (i) the allowed components of the AMRUT, (ii) the State A&OE funds, or (iii) the Capacity Building for Urban Development (CBUD) program funded by the World Bank. All these should form part of the SAAP; however, duplication and redundancy should be avoided at the time of preparing the SLIP and the SAAP.

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AMRUT

Transforming Ahmedabad?s City Center

Using Planning and Inf rastructure

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