INAUGURALAPSPOS CONGRESSHeld in conjunction with Inaugural Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology Congress 2017

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CONTENTS1. FOREWORD AND WELCOME MESSAGES ...........................................................................31.1 FOREWORD ‒ Congress President ‒ Dr. Jason YAM ......................................................................................................... 31.2 FOREWORD ‒ Scientific Program Committee Co-Chair ‒ Dr. Simon KO ........................................................................... 41.3 WELCOME MESSAGE ‒ President, Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society

Prof. Frank MARTIN .................................................................................................................... 51.4 WELCOME MESSAGE ‒ Chair, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, CUHK

Prof. Clement THAM ................................................................................................................... 61.5 WELCOME MESSAGE – President, College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong ‒ Prof. Jimmy LAI .................................. 7

President, Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society ‒ Dr. Jeffrey PONG......................................... 7

2. COUNCILS AND COMMITTEES ...........................................................................................82.1 HOSTS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8

2.1.1 Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society ............................................................................. 82.1.2 Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong ........................................... 8

2.2 CO-HOSTS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 92.2.1 College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong ............................................................................................................ 92.2.2 Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society .................................................................................................................... 9

2.3 ADVISORY BOARD .......................................................................................................................................................... 102.4 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE ............................................................................................................................................ 122.5 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE .............................................................................................................................. 142.6 ABSTRACT REVIEWING COMMITTEE ............................................................................................................................. 152.7 SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 162.8 APSPOS COUNCIL........................................................................................................................................................... 172.9 APSPOS SECRETARIAT .................................................................................................................................................... 182.10 LOCAL SECRETARIAT ..................................................................................................................................................... 18

3. CONGRESS INFORMATION ...............................................................................................193.1 CONGRESS INFORAMTION ............................................................................................................................................ 193.2 GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................... 213.3 FLOOR PLAN .................................................................................................................................................................. 233.4 SOCIAL PROGRAM ......................................................................................................................................................... 25

4. PROGRAM AT A GLANCE ..................................................................................................264.1 PROGRAM OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................... 26

4.1.1 DAY 1 ‒ OCT 11, 2017 (WEDNESDAY) ................................................................................................................... 274.1.2 DAY 2 ‒ OCT 12, 2017 (THURSDAY) ....................................................................................................................... 27

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5. AWARDS AND GRANTS ....................................................................................................285.1 APSPOS AWARDS ........................................................................................................................................................... 28

5.1.1 APSPOS Asia-Pacific Award – Kanxing ZHAO ........................................................................................................ 285.1.2 APSPOS International Award ‒ Marilyn MILLER ................................................................................................... 295.1.3 APSPOS Young Investigator Award – Jason YAM .................................................................................................. 30

5.2 APSPOS TRAVEL GRANTS ............................................................................................................................................... 31

6. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM SCHEDULE ....................................................................................326.1 KEYNOTE LECTURE ......................................................................................................................................................... 326.2 PLENARY SESSION .......................................................................................................................................................... 336.3 INVITED SYMPOSIUMS .................................................................................................................................................. 34

6.3.1 DAY 1 – OCT 11, 2017 (WEDNESDAY) ................................................................................................................... 346.3.2 DAY 2 – OCT 12, 2017 (THURSDAY) ....................................................................................................................... 36

6.4 SUBMITTED PROGRAM ................................................................................................................................................. 386.4.1 FREE PAPERS ......................................................................................................................................................... 386.4.2 POSTERS ............................................................................................................................................................... 396.4.3 E-POSTERS ............................................................................................................................................................ 406.4.4 VIDEOS .................................................................................................................................................................. 41

6.5 SPONSORED SYMPOSIUMS ........................................................................................................................................... 42

7. ABSTRACTS ......................................................................................................................437.1 FREE PAPERS .................................................................................................................................................................. 437.2 POSTERS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 507.3 E-POSTERS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 547.4 VIDEOS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 59

8. SPONSORSHIP AND EXHIBITION ......................................................................................608.1 PACKAGE SPONSORS ..................................................................................................................................................... 608.2 EXHIBITION HALL .......................................................................................................................................................... 618.3 EXHIBITOR DIRECTORY .................................................................................................................................................. 61

9. INDEX ...............................................................................................................................62

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FOREWORD AND WELCOME MESSAGES

FOREWORDFrom Congress President

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the inaugural Asia-Pacifi c Strabis-mus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) Congress held in con-juncti on with the inaugural Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology Congress (APSPOS-HKPOC 2017), co-organized by the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) and APSPOS, at Hong Kong Eye Hospital in Hong Kong on October 11‒12, 2017.

This inaugural Congress has received unwavering support from our internati onal partners and will feature one of the most important and innovati ve programs in paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus in 2017. This Congress also provides delegates with a platf orm for networking, allowing them to establish lifelong friendships and look for collaborati ve opportuniti es.

I must express my heartf elt thanks to the members of the APSPOS-HKPOC 2017 Organizing Committ ee, Advisory Board, and Scienti fi c Program Committ ee for their dedicati on and vision in planning this exciti ng new subspecialty meeti ng. Additi onally, this Congress would not be possible without the generous support and contributi ons of our corporate sponsors and collaborators from both the public and private sectors.

Hong Kong is a vibrant and cosmopolitan city that is home to an amazing array of tourist att racti ons, including our status as the culinary capital of Asia; tax-free shopping experiences in contemporary malls; world-renowned att racti ons such as the Peak, Victoria Harbour, and the Big Buddha; and many theme parks for families.

I wish you all a memorable experience at the inaugural APSPOS Congress in Hong Kong.

Sincerely yours,

Jason YAMCongress President, APSPOS-HKPOC 2017Secretary-General, Asia-Pacifi c Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society

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FOREWORDFrom Scientifi c Program Committee Co-Chair

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

On behalf of the Scientific Program Committee of the inaugural APSPOS Congress, it is my honor and pleasure to welcome you to Hong Kong.

The inaugural APSPOS Congress is fortunate to have the Chinese University of Hong Kong as a co-organizer, along with the support of several prominent international organizations: American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS); Chinese Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (CAPOS); European Strabismological Association (ESA); Hong Kong Orthoptic Association; Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Group (HKPOSG); International Orthoptic Association (IOA); International Strabismological Association (ISA); International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council (IPOSC); and World Society of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (WSPOS).

Furthermore, the Scientific Program Committee is pleased to welcome more than 70 internationally recognized speakers presenting the latest updates in the paediatric and strabismus subspecialty. We also have more than 50 abstracts submitted from 18 countries. We hope that this exciting scientific program will provide delegates with a platform for knowledge exchange, which will benefit their practices back home.

In both the scientific and social program, the inaugural APSPOS Congress offers excellent opportunities to network and collaborate. With delegates from the Asia-Pacific region and beyond, I hope that you will make many new friends and establish collaborations for the future.

Finally, I hope you have the opportunity to visit some of the many attractions in Hong Kong, sample our world-famous cuisine, and enjoy your stay in Asia’s World City.

Sincerely,

Simon KOCo-Chair, APSPOS-HKPOC 2017 Scientific Program Committee

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FOREWORD AND WELCOME MESSAGES

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

As the President of the Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) and also co-chair of the Scientific Program Committee, I am delighted to welcome you to our inaugural congress, held in conjunction with the inaugural Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology Congress in Hong Kong.

We are most honoured and grateful for the support of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) in co-organizing our first-ever congress, as well as that from our esteemed supporting societies of paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus from around the world. This congress would not be possible without their contributions.

Furthermore, we are thankful for the great enthusiasm and participation of all our speakers and presenters. They have played a vital role in organizing the inaugural APSPOS Congress, and we hope you all will benefit from their great insights into our subspecialty. I also express my heartfelt thanks to the local organising team especially Jason Yam, Simon Ko, and the secretariat for their effort and enthusiasm in organising this conference.

Lastly, I wish you a pleasant stay in Hong Kong, a vibrant city with excellent opportunities for shopping, dining, and sightseeing. Please do enjoy your time at the inaugural APSPOS Congress and know that your support of our first meeting is truly appreciated.

Best wishes,

Frank MARTINPresident, Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology SocietyCo-Chair, APSPOS-HKPOC 2017 Scientific Program Committee

WELCOME MESSAGEFrom President, Asia-Pacifi c Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society

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WELCOME MESSAGEFrom Chair, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the inaugural Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) Congress, held in conjunction with the inaugural Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology Congress (HKPOC), and co-hosted by the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK).

We are honoured that Hong Kong was chosen to host this important new event in paediatric ophthalmology. We are even more excited to host this congress at Hong Kong Eye Hospital, where the CUHK Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences is based. With more than 70 distinguished invited speakers and more than 50 abstracts in the submitted program, the inaugural APSPOS Congress will welcome more than 400 delegates from 43 countries.

Led by Prof. Frank Martin and Dr. Simon Ko of Hong Kong, the Scientific Program Committee comprises leading experts in the paediatric subspecialty from the Asia-Pacific region, and the Advisory Board features 25 respected clinician-scientists in paediatric ophthalmology from around the world. Together they have curated an excellent program, which will ensure this inaugural congress is just the first of many successful APSPOS Congresses in future.

Hong Kong is a cosmopolitan city featuring a unique blend of Eastern and Western cultures. Its diverse tourist attractions offer something for every type of visitor. Furthermore, autumn is the most beautiful time of year, with warm sunny days and cooler nights that are perfect for exploring all the city has to offer.

On behalf of CUHK, I welcome you to Hong Kong, Asia’s World City, and wish you a very pleasant and memorable stay.

Warmest personal regards,

Clement C THAMChair, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, CUHKDirector, CUHK Eye CentreHonorary Chief-of-Service, Hong Kong Eye Hospital

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WELCOME MESSAGEFrom President, College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong andPresident, Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

We are delighted to serve as co-hosts during the inaugural Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) Congress, which is held in conjunction with the inaugural Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology Congress.

As leaders of two important ophthalmic organizations in Hong Kong, we very much welcome this new event, which aligns with our collective mission and vision for eye care in the city: 1) to maintain and upgrade the quality of eye care in Hong Kong and 2) to foster brotherhood among eye care professionals serving the public in Hong Kong.

We are honored to have more than 70 renowned specialists in paediatric ophthalmology from the Asia-Pacific region and beyond who will share their expertise on new and creative treatments, techniques, I and technologies in the field.

In addition to the excellent scientific symposia and submitted presentations, the Gala Dinner of the inaugural APSPOS Congress will provide delegates with a taste of Hong Kong cuisine, along with a special presentation by the evening’s guest of honor, Dr. Tsz Leung Lee, chief executive of the new Hong Kong Children’s Hospital.

We hope that you will enjoy your time at the inaugural APSPOS Congress. Do be sure to take the opportunity to explore Hong Kong and its unique blend of Eastern and Western cultures.

Jimmy Lai Jeffrey PongPresident, President, College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society

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Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society

The Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) was established in 2008. The goals of the society are to improve the development of paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus in the Asia-Pacific region and to provide a platform for the exchange of knowledge and skills in this subspecialty.

APSPOS is the official paediatric ophthalmology society within the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) and plays a key role in all paediatric ophthalmology programs for the APAO. The society is a member of the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) and the International Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council (IPOSC). With a rapidly growing membership, the society has members from a worldwide geographic distribution, predominantly ophthalmologists in the Asia-Pacific region.

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) was the first academic ophthalmology department in Hong Kong, with Prof. Mark O.M. Tso as a Founding Chairman in 1994. Prof. Mark Tso was succeeded by Prof. Dennis S.C. Lam as Chairman in 1998, and then by Prof Calvin C.P. Pang from 2012 to 2015. In August 2015, Prof. Clement C.Y. Tham was appointed as the Chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences of CUHK.

CUHK has been an active member of the international ophthalmic community and is fully committed to facilitating the advancement of ophthalmic education and the exchange of knowledge, skills, and the latest technological developments worldwide. We have organized and hosted 8 International Symposia of Ophthalmology (ISO) since 1995. CUHK has also hosted major international meetings including the Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society (APGS) Congress, the International Society of Refractive Surgery (ISRS) Meeting, the Asia-Pacific Vitreoretinal Society (APVRS) Congress, and the World Ophthalmology Congress (WOC). The Central Secretariat of the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) is based in the CUHK eye department.

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■ CO-HOSTS

College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong

The College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong was incorporated in October 1994 with the following objectives:1. To promote for public benefit the advancement of knowledge in the field of ophthalmology;2. To promote for public benefit the standard of ophthalmic care in Hong Kong;3. To develop and maintain the good practice and to maintain high professional standards of competence in the field of ophthalmology;4. To act as a consultative body for matters of educational or public interest concerning ophthalmology;5. To encourage and support training, continuing education and research in ophthalmology.Membership of the College comprises Fellows (including Founding Fellows and Honorary Fellows), Ordinary Members, and Associate Members.

Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society

The Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society (HKOS) was formed and registered on 16 August 1954 with Dr. Dansey Browning as the first Chairman. The Society was established with the objectives to maintain and upgrade the quality of eye care in Hong Kong, and to foster brotherhood among eye care professionals serving the public in Hong Kong. Every year since 1989, the HKOS has organized an annual scientific meeting in ophthalmology, as well as other ad-hoc open lectures by internationally renowned speakers. This tradition has been carried on jointly with the establishment of the College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong.In addition, the Society has strong links with other health-related associations and has supported many public health talks and vision screening programs. There are at present over 300 members registered with the Society.

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Wai-Ho CHANConsultant

Tuen Mun Hospital Ophthalmology Department

Pak-Chin CHOWImmediate Past President

College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong

Dorothy FANConsultant

Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital

Sonal FARZAVANDIVice-President, International Pediatric Ophthalmology

and Strabismus Council

David GRANETCo-Director, World Society of Paediatric Ophthalmology

and Strabismus

Simon KOOphthalmology Coordinator, Hong Kong Children’s

Hospital Commissioning Team

Jimmy LAIActing Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology,

University of Hong KongPresident

College of Ophthalmologists of Hong Kong

Nai-Man LAMDeputy Hospital Chief Executive

Hong Kong Eye Hospital

Wai-Ching LAMProfessor

University of Hong Kong

Scott LARSONOrganizing Committee Chair

AAPOS/CAPOS Congress

Dexter LEUNGImmediate Past President

Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society

Frank MARTINPresident, Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric

Ophthamology Society and International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council

President of International Orthoptic Association

Karen MCMAINPresident

International Orthoptic Association

Christie MORSEExecutive Vice-President, American Association for

Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Joan NGConsultant, Department of Ophthalmology of

Union Hospital of Hong Kong

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Ken NISCHALCo-Director, World Society of Paediatric Ophthalmology

and Strabismus

Seyhan OZKANPresident

International Strabismological Association

Calvin PANGDirector, Chinese University of Hong Kong

Ophthalmic Research Centre

Jeffrey PONGPresident

Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society

John SLOPERPresident

European Strabismological Association

Derek SPRUNGERPresident, American Association for Pediatric

Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Clement THAMChair, Department of Ophthalmology & VisualSciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Agnes TSEHonorary Consultant

Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital

Wilson YIPConsultant

Prince of Wales Hospital

Alvin YOUNGChair, Hospital Authority

Coordinating Committee in OphthalmologyDeputy Hospital Chief Executive

Prince of Wales Hospital

Chris YUConsultant

Private Practice

Kanxing ZHAOPresident, Chinese Association for Pediatric

Ophthalmology and Strabismus

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■ ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Congress President / Chair

Jason YAM

Secretary Treasurer

Connie LAI (External) Winnie LAU (Internal) Joyce LAM

Sponsorship Advisors

Dorothy FAN Charmaine HON Simon KO Patrick WU

Exhibition Committee Floor Management and AVIT Committee

Ben CHU Victor TAM Henry LAU

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Publication Committee Publicity Committee

Abbie LUK Carol LAM

Social Program Committee

Madeline KWOK Jane YEUNG

Members

Sunny AU Joyce CHAN Tracy LAI Charles LAU

Peter LEUNG Julie LOK Emily TANG Justin TONG

Susanna TSANG Emily WONG Pollyanna WONG Ursula WONG

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■ SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE

Chairs

Frank MARTIN(Australia & New Zealand)

Simon KO(Hong Kong)

Members

Frenchy CHIU(Hong Kong)

Sze-Lok CHONG(Hong Kong)

Fay Charmaine S CRUZ(Philippines)

Shuan DAI(New Zealand)

James ELDER(Australia)

Jeong-Min HWANG(South Korea)

C Y KO(Hong Kong)

Flora LAU(Hong Kong)

Se-Youp LEE(South Korea)

Miho SATO(Japan)

Boon Long QUAH(Singapore)

Rita SITORUS(Indonesia)

T S SURENDRAN(India)

An-Guor WANG(Chinese Taipei)

C Y WONG(Hong Kong)

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■ ABSTRACT REVIEWING COMMITTEE

James ELDER Australia

Hui-Chen CHENG Chinese Taipei

Chao-Wen LIN Chinese Taipei

Brian Bing-Herng SHEN Chinese Taipei

An-Guor WANG Chinese Taipei

Wei Chi WU Chinese Taipei

Frenchy CHIU Hong Kong

Sze-Lok Gabriela CHONG Hong Kong

C Y KO Hong Kong

Simon KO Hong Kong

Carol LAM Hong Kong

Jason YAM Hong Kong

Sudarshan KHOKHAR India

Dadeya SUBHASH India

Thandalam SURENDRAN India

Rita SITORUS Indonesia

Shuan DAI New Zealand

Fay Charmaine S CRUZ Philippines

Gemmy CHEUNG Singapore

Jin Rong LOW Singapore

Boon Long QUAH Singapore

Sharon TOW Singapore

Chee Wai WONG Singapore

Hyosook AHN South Korea

Se-Youp LEE South Korea

Ronald BIERNACKI United States

Monte DEL MONTE United States

Pam HUSTON United States

Scott LARSON United States

David TIEN United States

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■ SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS

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■ APSPOS COUNCIL

Frank MARTINPresident

Jason YAMSecretary-General

Kanxing ZHAOVice President

Miho SATOVice President

Simon KOTreasurer

Boon Long QUAHTreasurer

T S SURENDRANScientific Secretary

Sonal FARZAVANDICouncil Member

Membership Officer

An-Guor WANGCouncil Member

Jeong-Min HWANGCouncil Member

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■ APSPOS SECRETARIAT

Congress ManagerCynthia WONG

Deputizing Society Manager (Finance & HR)Clare MOK

Executive OfficersDaisy DENGSarah LU

Media OfficerBill WONG

■ LOCAL SECRETARIAT

Alexander LAMSally LEEMandy NGSam YUENBilly YUENG

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■ CONGRESS INFORMATION

The following information is provided to make your attendance at the inaugural APSPOS Congress in Hong Kong as enjoyable as possible. If you require assistance throughout the Congress, please visit the Registration Desk and we will do everything we can to help you.

EVENT NAMEThe Inaugural Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society Congress

CONGRESS VENUEHong Kong Eye Hospital147K Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong

REGISTRATION AND INFORMATION DESKThe APSPOS 2017 Congress Registration and Information Desk is located on Level 3 of Hong Kong Eye Hospital and will operate during the times listed below:

Oct 10, 2017 (Tue) 16:00 – 17:30

Oct 11, 2017 (Wed) 08:00 – 17:30

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu) 08:00 – 15:30

ON-SITE PAYMENTOn-site payment with cash and credit card can be made at the Registration Desk during opening hours. Cheques are not accepted.

NAME BADGESEach delegate registered for the Congress will receive a name badge at the Registration Desk.

All delegate badges entitles you to entry of the following:• All Scientific Sessions;• Exhibition Hall; and• Opening Remarks of APSPOS 2017

Accompanying Persons (if any) are entitled to enter only the Exhibition Hall and Opening Remarks of APSPOS 2017.

This badge will be your official pass and must be worn during the Congress for identification.

Reissuing of delegate/accompanying person badges will be available at the Registration Desk. Badges are nontransferable. An administrative fee of USD20 may be incurred for re-issuing a delegate badge.

DELEGATE BAG AND RIBBON COLLECTIONDelegate bags and ribbons are available for pickup at the “Delegate Bag Pick Up” counter opposite the Registration Desk. Delegates can collect their own delegate bag upon presentation of their name badge.

DRESS CODENeat casual attire is acceptable for attendance at Congress sessions and social functions.

SPEAKER READY ROOMAll speakers are required to check in and upload their PowerPoint at the respective Speaker Ready Room before their scheduled presentation. The computers in the Speaker Ready Room will have the exact same configuration as those in the session rooms. It is imperative that you review your presentation in the Speaker Ready Room where our technicians will help resolve any compatibility and/or formatting issues.

The PowerPoint and video files you have uploaded onto the computer in the Speaker Ready Room will be automatically transmitted to the laptop computer at the podium before your session begins. The Speaker Ready Room will be open during the following times in Room 426:

Oct 10, 2017 (Tue) 16:00 – 17:30

Oct 11, 2017 (Wed) 08:00 – 17:30

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu) 08:30 – 15:00

SCIENTIFIC POSTERSPaper posters can be found in Hong Kong Eye Hospital on Level 4. There will be 1 poster session showcasing all submitted posters.

Poster sessions will be conducted during the morning and/or afternoon breaks from Oct 11–12, 2017.

E-POSTER & VIDEO PLATFORMThere are several accepted electronic posters and selected videos showcased at APSPOS 2017. Delegates may visit the E-poster and Video Platform located in Room 427.

MORNING AND AFTERNOON TEA Morning and afternoon tea will be held in the Exhibition Hall.

POLICIESNo Smoking – Smoking is strictly prohibited in all session rooms, meeting and exhibition areas. Your cooperation is appreciated.

Mobile Phones – Please respect the presenter and other delegates by ensuring that your mobile phone is on silent while you are in sessions.

Photography in the Exhibition Hall – Attendees wishing to photograph or videotape an exhibit must obtain permission from the relevant company beforehand.

Photographing or Videotaping Scientific Sessions – Photographing and/or videotaping the scientific sessions are strictly prohibited. (Permission must be obtained in advance by media representatives.)

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CERTIFICATES OF ATTENDANCECertificates can be generated at http://congress.apspos.org/ after the Congress. Please log in with the exact same email address that you used to register for the Congress.

CONGRESS PHOTOGRAPHYSome of the Congress sessions taking place will be filmed and re-corded. There will also be a photographer present over the course of the Congress who will be capturing images. Any images will be retained and used by APSPOS (e.g. on the APSPOS website, in publications, etc.). If you have any concern with your photograph being taken or session recorded, please contact the APSPOS office.

SHUTTLE BUS SCHEDULEContinuous shuttle bus services will operate between the official Congress hotel (Royal Plaza Hotel) and the Congress Venue (Hong Kong Eye Hospital). Times of operation and boarding locations are subject to change.

Oct 11, 2017 (Wed) 08:00 – 14:00

17:30 – 20:30

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu) 08:00 – 16:00

CONGRESS DIRECTORYPLACE LOCATIONRegistration Desk Level 3Information Desk Level 3Opening Remarks Level 3Scientific Rooms

- Main Lecture Hall Level 3- Room 308 Level 3- Room 428 Level 4

Speaker Ready Room Room 426Scientific Posters Level 4Scientific ePosters & Videos Room 427

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■ GENERAL INFORMATIONVENUE INFORMATION

Hong Kong Eye Hospital147K Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong KongGeneral Enquiries: +852 2762 3007

Hong Kong Eye Hospital (HKEH) opened in 1992. It is a tertiary eye referral center providing a full range of high quality ophthalmic services with general ophthalmology and various subspecialty services such as retina, cornea, contact lens and low vision service.

Located in the heart of Kowloon district, HKEH is easily accessible by public transportation from China as well as Hong Kong International Airport. With an extensive network of hotels ranging from superior deluxe to modest tourist class, there are over 23,621 rooms in 91 hotels available in the Yau Tsim Mong district.

SITE MAP

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VISITING HONG KONG

APSPOS 2017 will be held in a vibrant cosmopolitan city located on the South China Sea—Hong Kong. Known as Asia’s World City, Hong Kong is a top destination for many international and regional events. With soaring skyscrapers and bustling streets, the city is a modern international hub of finance and trade, with elements of traditional Chinese and British heritage evident through language, food and culture.

For more information about Hong Kong, please visit the following website:http://www.discoverhongkong.com/eng/index.jsp.

WEATHERHong Kong has a subtropical humid climate. However, autumn is a relatively dry and temperate time of year, with a mean maximum temperature of 27.8°C/82.0°F and a mean minimum temperature of 23.7°C/74.7°F in October. For the latest weather forecast, please visit the Hong Kong Observatory’s website: http://www.hko.gov.hk/contente.htm.

GETTING TO THE CONGRESS VENUE

TaxiTaxis may drop passengers at the main entrance of Hong Kong Eye Hospital or the entrance along Argyle Street.

MTRHong Kong Eye Hospital is approximately a 25-minute walk from Mong Kong East Station on the MTR’s East Rail Line.

BusThe following bus routes serve Hong Kong Eye Hospital: 2, 2X, 9, 13, 13D, 16, 17M, 24, 27, 46, 61, 95, 98C, 98S, 110, 203E, 213D, 296C, 796C, N216, N796.

For bus information, please visit the following company websites:http://www.kmb.hk/en/http://www.nwstbus.com.hk/home/default.aspx?intLangID=1

For more information, please visit the Hong Kong Eye Hospital web page on the Hospital Authority website:http://www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp?Lang=ENG&Content%5FID=100159.

TELECOMMUNICATIONSYou may purchase a pre-paid mobile SIM card at the airport or from a telecommunications shop and most convenience stores in Hong Kong.

TIPPINGTipping is not customary in Hong Kong. Some restaurants, however, levy a 10% service charge on your bill.

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Level 3

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Room 427E-PosterRoom 428

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■ SOCIAL PROGRAM

OPENING REMARKSDate: October 11, 2017 (Wednesday)Time: 10:15 – 10:45 Venue: Hong Kong Eye HospitalOpen to All Delegates

HONG KONG EYE HOSPITAL TOURDate: October 11, 2017 (Wednesday)Time: 18:00 – 18:45 Venue: Hong Kong Eye HospitalOpen to All Delegates (pre-registration required)

GALA DINNERDate: October 11, 2017 (Wednesday)Time: 19:00 – 21:30 Venue: Royal Plaza HotelCost: US$100 per personOpen to All Delegates

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Day 1 Oct 11 (Wed) Day 2 Oct 12 (Thur)08:45-09:00

Scientific SessionsScientific Sessions

09:00-09:1509:15-09:3009:30-09:4509:45-10:0010:00-10:15

Opening Remarks10:15-10:30

Break10:30-10:45 Keynote Lecture10:45-11:00 Break

Scientific Sessions

11:00-11:15

Plenary Session11:15-11:3011:30-11:4511:45-12:0012:00-12:1512:15-12:30

Lunch Symposium Lunch Symposium12:30-12:4512:45-13:0013:00-13:1513:15-13:30 Break Break13:30-13:45

Scientific Sessions

Scientific Sessions

13:45-14:0014:00-14:1514:15-14:3014:30-14:4514:45-15:00 Break15:00-15:15

Scientific Sessions15:15-15:3015:30-15:4515:45-16:0016:00-16:1516:15-16:30 Break16:30-16:45

Scientific Sessions16:45-17:0017:00-17:1517:15-17:3017:30-17:4517:45-18:0018:00-18:15

HKEH Tour18:15-18:3018:30-18:4518:45-19:0019:00-19:30

Gala Dinner & Award Presentation19:30-20:0020:00-20:3020:30-21:0021:00-21:30

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Day 1 - Oct 11, 2017 (Wednesday) Time Venue Type Theme

08:45 - 10:00 Main Lecture Hall SYM ISA Symposium: Challenging Case Stories in Strabismus and Lessons Learnt

Room 428 FP Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Strabismus

10:30 - 10:45 Main Lecture Hall SYM Keynote Lecture

11:00 - 12:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM Plenary Session

Room 428 FP Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Pediatric Cataract and Miscellaenous

12:15 - 13:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM Alcon Sponsored Symposium

13:30 - 14:45 Main Lecture Hall SYM ESA Symposium: Strabismus

Room 428 SYM Young Investigator Symposium

15:00 -15:30 Room 308 WS Meet the Experts: Session 1

15:00 - 16:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM APSPOS Symposium: Common Problems in Pediatric Ophthalmology

Room 428 SYM IOA-HKOA Symposium: The Ins and Outs of Intermittent Exotropia

16:30 - 17:00 Room 308 WS Meet the Experts: Session 2

16:30 - 17:45 Main Lecture Hall SYM IPOSC Symposium: Retinopathy of Prematurity

Room 428 SYM HKPOSG Symposium: Pediatric Uveitis and Retinal Disease

Day 2 - Oct 12, 2017 (Thursday) Time Venue Type Theme

08:45 - 09:15 Room 308 WS Meet the Experts: Session 3

08:45 - 10:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM AAPOS Symposium: Strabismus

Room 428 SYM Genetic Eye Diseases

10:45 - 11:15 Room 308 WS Meet the Experts: Session 4

10:45 - 12:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM AAPOS Symposium: Pediatric Cataract

Room 428 SYM CUHK Symposium: Myopia

12:15 - 13:15 Main Lecture Hall SYM Topcon Sponsored Symposium

Room 428 SYM Novartis Sponsored Symposium

13:30 - 14:30 Room 428 FP Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Retinoblastoma and ROP

13:30 - 15:30 Main Lecture Hall SYM WSPOS Symposium: Progress Through Non-Consensus in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

SYM = Symposium FP = Free Paper WS = Workshop

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This prestigious APSPOS Award recognises distinguished paediatric ophthalmologists from the Asia-Pacific region who have made significant lifetime contributions to the development of children’s eye care and services in the Asia-Pacific region.

Professor Kanxing Zhao (China)Kanxing Zhao graduated from Tianjin Medical University in 1970 and obtained his PhD from Beijing University of Medical Science in 1989. He has been engaged in ophthalmological clinical, teaching, and scientific research for 47 years. He studied and was trained firstly under Prof. Yushi He, who was the pioneer of strabismology in China, and then under Prof. Jiaqi Liu, who was the founder of pediatric ophthalmology in China.

During his professional career, he has made substantial contributions to the development of ophthalmology, pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, and higher education in ophthalmology in China. Moreover, he devotes himself to creating cooperation and exchange with the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO), Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO), American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, and other international organizations of ophthalmology. He is a member of Academia Ophthalmologica Internationalis, a past trustee of the ICO, a council member of APAO, vice president of the Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society, and a member of the International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council as well as its advisory committee. He is the immediate past president of the Chinese Ophthalmological Society (COS) and president of the Chinese Ophthalmologist Association. He is also the immediate past chief editor of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology and the associate chief editor of the Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology. He is president of the Chinese Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. He is the past vice president of Tianjin Medical University and head of the graduate school of Tianjin Medical University. He is also the immediate past director of Tianjin Eye Hospital and the founder and director of Tianjin Eye Institute and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science.

Over the past decades, his research areas have included strabismus, pediatric ophthalmology, and ophthalmic genetics. Prof. Zhao has found that the diagnosis of amblyopia in children displaced the diagnostic criteria for adults and established the lower limits of normal vision during the period from ages 3-7 in China. He has introduced, spread, and innovated many surgical techniques for complicated strabismus and promoted microsurgical techniques for strabismus in China. He has trained more than 100 postgraduate students, including 52 doctoral students, and more than 1000 fellows in mainland China. He has published more than 400 papers including 63 SCI papers. He is the chief editor of Ophthalmology (7th and 8th editions) and the chief editor of Strabismus and Amblyopia (1st and 2nd editions).

He was awarded the Tianjin Natural and Scientific Award 2nd Level and the Tianjin Scientific and Technological Advancement Award 1st Level 3 times. He has received the APAO ICO Mark Tso Golden Apple Award, COS Award for Outstanding Achievement, Golden Key Award and Golden Apple Award from the Chinese American Ophthalmology Society, APAO Distinguished Service Award, and COS Life Achievement Honor Award.

■ APSPOS ASIA-PACIFIC AWARD

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This prestigious APSPOS Award recognises distinguished paediatric ophthalmologists from outside the Asia-Pacific region who have made significant lifetime contributions to the development of children’s eye care and services in the Asia-Pacific region.

Dr. Marilyn T. Miller (United States)Dr. Marilyn T. Miller is a professor of ophthalmology at the University of Illinois at Chicago, where she obtained her MD and MS degrees and clinical training in ophthalmology and pediatric ophthalmology.

Her research in congenital anomalies and teratogens led her to Sweden, where she later was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Göteborg (1998) for her involvement in clinical research in thalidomide embryopathy. She has collaborated with a pediatric ophthalmologist in Brazil studying the ocular effect of misoprostol, a teratogenic drug that if taken in a certain period during pregnancy may cause Möbius syndrome. More recently, her interest has been with the Zika epidemic in Brazil.

She has longstanding participation in international ophthalmology including in Nigeria, India, Asia, and several South American countries. Dr. Miller was recognized for her many contributions to international service with the Humanitarian Award from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and more recently, the AAO International Blindness Prevention Award. She received the Howe Medal from the American Ophthalmological Society (AOS) for distinguished service to ophthalmology. She was also on the AOS Council and served as president of the organization.

Dr. Miller has visited an eye clinic in rural Abak, Nigeria for over 25 years with a small nongovernmental organization, FOCUS, Inc. Originally, the visits were focused on treating patients, but now the role has changed to a more educational area. Dr. Miller recently received a named lectureship from the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria.

Additionally, she has served on advisory boards including the Advisory Committee of the World Health Organization, the Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, the Bernadotte Foundation, the AAO, and the AAO Foundation. She also served as the AAO representative to the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness.

Dr. Miller is a charter member of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) and had the honor of serving AAPOS as president, a member of the board, and chair of the International Affairs Committee. She was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Honor Award and the Marshal Park Bronze and Silver Medal from AAPOS and has given both the Costenbader and Scobee Lectures. She recently gave the AAPOS Apt Lecture and the Fralick Lecture at the University of Michigan Department of Ophthalmology, both on teratogen and the Zika virus.

She has been involved with many activities in the Asia-Pacific region including participating in educational programs at Aravind Hospital in Madurai, for which she received the Venketaswamy Oration Award and the Jose Rizal International Medal from the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology. For her work in a collaborative program between AAPOS and Tianjin Eye Hospital in China, she received the 2012 International Gold Award from the Chinese Ophthalmological Society.

Dr. Miller’s current area of interest is in training and education internationally in pediatric ophthalmology, strabismus, and teratology.

■ APSPOS INTERNATIONAL AWARD

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This APSPOS Award recognises young clinician scientists from the Asia-Pacific region who have made distinguished contributions to children’s eye care and research in the Asia-Pacific region.

Dr. Jason Yam (Hong Kong)Dr. Jason Yam is an assistant professor in the Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) and academic coordinator of the Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus service at Hong Kong Eye Hospital (HKEH). He is well trained in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus and pediatric ocular genetics. He has completed observerships in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus at Great Ormond Street Hospital (2011), with Dr. David Guyton of Johns Hopkins Hospital (2011), and with Dr. Kenneth Wright in Los Angeles (2012); in ocular genetics with Dr. Janey Wiggs of Harvard Medical School (2016), with Dr. Alex Levin of Wills Eye Hospital (2017), and through Baylor College of Medicine at Texas Children Hospital (2017); and in ocular oncology and retinoblastoma with Dr. Jerry Shields and Dr. Carol Shields of Wills Eye Hospital (2017).

Dr. Yam actively contributes to children’s eye care in Hong Kong, the Asia-Pacific region, and internationally. He serves as Secretary-General of the Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS); coordinator of the Hong Kong Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Group; council member (Hong Kong representative) of the International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council; nonstrabismus leader of the Global Consult Bureau of the World Society of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; member of the Pediatric Ophthalmology Committee of the Chinese Pediatric Society; and honorary treasurer of the Hong Kong Ophthalmological Society. He is Congress President and Organizing Committee Chair of the inaugural APSPOS Congress. He also serves as subspecialty liaison of the pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (POS) program at the World Ophthalmology Congress (WOC) 2016 and 2018; secretary of the POS program at the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) Congress 2016 and 2017; external secretary of the Organizing Committee and coordinator of the POS program at APAO 2018; member of the Programme Committee of AAPOS/CAPOS Joint Conference 2017; convener of POS for the 10th International Symposium of Ophthalmology (ISO) 2014; committee member for POS at the 9th ISO 2013; and member of the International Advisory Committee for ARVO Asia 2017.

Being passionate about ophthalmic training and education, Dr. Yam is currently a member of both the APAO Public Education Committee and APAO Ophthalmic Education Committee, coordinator of CUHK Ophthalmology Undergraduate Education, CUHK Global Physician Stream Student Mentor, CUHK Year 6 Curriculum Committee Member, coordinator of CUHK and HKEH Pediatric Ophthalmology Fellowship Program, coordinator of the CUHK Ophthalmology Public Education Program, Training Subcommittee member in the College of Ophthalmologist of Hong Kong, and member of the Hong Kong Jockey Club Innovative Learning Centre for Medical Education Subcommittee. He also serves as honorary associate professor at Shantou Medical School, contributing to the training and education of ophthalmology residents in China.

He has authored more than 40 publications and 2 book chapters and co-authored 1 book. He is the principal investigator in research grants of more than 6 million HKD. He has delivered more than 40 presentations and invited lectures at international conferences. He also serves as an editor for Scientific Reports, Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, and Hong Kong Journal of Ophthalmology and is a reviewer of 10 international journals. His awards include Hong Kong Society of Community Medicine Prize (2003), Dr. Timothy Kai-Ching Liu Memorial Fund Award (2009), Distinguished Young Fellow in Hong Kong Academy of Medicine (2013), APAO Tano Travel Grant (2014), World Ophthalmology Congress Travel Grant (2014), APAO Leadership Development Program Graduate (2015), APAO Distinguished Service Award (2016), APAO Achievement Award (2016), and Hospital Authority Corporate Scholarship (2016). Under his supervision, his PhD students obtained national awards including 1st place in JSIEC International Student Forum (2016) and 2nd runner up in China National Student Forum (2016).

■ APSPOS YOUNG INVESTIGATOR AWARD

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The APSPOS Travel Grants are awarded to young ophthalmologists in the Asia-Pacific region who have submitted an abstract to the APSPOS-HKPOC 2017 Congress and will attend both APSPOS-HKPOC 2017 in Hong Kong and the CAPOS/AAPOS meeting in Shanghai.

■ APSPOS TRAVEL GRANTS

Sophal HENG(Cambodia)

Ni Made Ayu SURASMIATI(Indonesia)

Christine ONG(Malaysia)

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Prof. Frank Martin

Prof. Frank Martin specialises in paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

Prof. Martin was head of the Department of Ophthalmology at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead for 22 years and is currently a visiting medical officer in ophthalmology at the Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney Eye Hospital, and Royal Darwin Hospital.

Prof. Martin is a clinical professor in the Departments of Paediatrics and Ophthalmology at the University of Sydney.

He is president of the Board of the Children’s Medical Research Institute and president of the Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology Society. Prof. Martin is on the Council of the Asia-Pa-cific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) and the Board of the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO). He is the director of Society Development and Leadership for the ICO. He also chairs the Orthoptic Industry Advisory Committee at the University of Technology, Sydney.

Prof. Martin has received several awards including the APAO Distinguished Service Award, RANZCO College Med-al, APAO Jose Rizal Medal, Michelle Beets Memorial Award, Golden Apple Award, APAO Achievement Award, and American Academy of Ophthalmology Secretariat Award.

Additionally, Prof. Martin has published over 40 articles, has written several text book chapters, and is a reviewer for the British Journal of Ophthalmology and the AIOS Journal of Ophthalmology. He is actively involved in clinical teaching of undergraduates and graduates. Prof. Martin has given a number of named lectures including the Mrs. Nagamani Dharmapuri Endowment Lecture, the Billson Lecture, and the Keshmahinder Singh Oration.

Prof. Martin consults privately in paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus at Sydney Ophthalmic Specialists.

Paediatric Ophthalmology – Expect the Unexpected: The ROSAH syndromeOctober 11, 201710:30 - 10:45Main Lecture Hall

Paediatric ophthalmology is a horizontal specialty. The paediatric ophthalmologist has to have a very good understanding of all the subspecialities in ophthalmology. The patient often is unable to give the history of the visual problems. This presents a challenge as the paediatric ophthalmologist has to rely on the parent or carer for the history. This history may be misleading.

ROSAH syndrome is a newly described genetic disorder characterised by Retinal oedema, Optic nerve oedema, Splenomegaly, Anhidrosis, and Headaches (migraine).

This lecture will outline how a family who were thought to have retinitis pigmentosa were ultimately diagnosed with what is now known as ROSAH syndrome.

First Author: Frank MARTIN Co-Author: Linda ZHENG

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■ PLENARY SESSION

October 11, 201711:00 - 12:15Main Lecture Hall

11:00 TBCKanxing ZHAO

11:10 Congenital Glaucoma: The Hong Kong ExperienceNafees BAIG, Clement THAM, Mandy WONG

11:20 Esotropic Duane Syndrome: Evidence-Based TreatmentScott LARSON

11:30 Intraoperative OCT in Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery: An Evolution of NecessityKen NISCHAL

11:40 Amblyopia and Binocular FunctionJohn SLOPER

11:50 Brown Syndrome: Cause-Related ManagementSeyhan OZKAN

12:00 Myopia in Hong Kong: Hong Kong Children Eye StudyJason YAM

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Oct 11, 2017 (Wed)ISA Symposium: Challenging Case Stories in Strabismus and Lessons Learnt

08:45 - 10:00 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Waiho CHAN, Frank MARTIN, Seyhan OZKAN

08:45 There’s More (or Less) Than Meets the EyeStephen CHRISTIANSEN

08:54 Lost and FoundSonal FARZAVANDI

09:03 A Pattern ExotropiaFrank MARTIN

09:12 Combined Neurological Strabismus: Do the Rules Work?Seyhan OZKAN

09:21 Management of Myopic Fixus with Union SutureJason YAM

09:30 How to Avoid Brown Syndrome after SO Tucking with Traction TestsDominique THOUVENIN

09:39 Monocular Elevation Deficiency: Do Not Be in a Hurry for Desired ResultsDadeya SUBHASH

09:48 Pearl on the StringAn-Guor WANG

ESA Symposium: Strabismus

The European Strabismological Association started as an informal meeting of strabismologists in 1962. It is a nonprofit professional association of strabismologists and orthoptists from all across Europe and beyond. Our main aims are “to disseminate knowledge of all sensory and motor aspects of strabismus and other disorders of ocular motility” and “to foster clinical and experimental research.” Incomitant strabismus presents a particular challenge to strabismus surgeons, with the need not only to align the eyes in the primary position, but also to give as large a field of binocular single vision as possible. This symposium will concentrate on the orthoptic assessment of such patients and surgical techniques to address these problems.

13:30 - 14:45 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Winnie LAU, John SLOPER, Dominique THOUVENIN

13:30 Orthoptic Investigation of Incomitant StrabismusChris TIMMS

13:45 Updates on Surgical Procedure and Indications for Fadenoperation of Extraocular MusclesDominique THOUVENIN

14:00 Adjustable Combined Recession and Resection (Scott Procedure) for Incomitant StrabismusJohn SLOPER

14:15 Surgical Management of IV Nerve Palsies in AdultsSaurabh JAIN

14:30 Scleral-Suture Augmented Hummelsheim Transposition for Abducens PalsyPatrick WU

Young Investigator Symposium

The young investigator symposium covers a wide range of interesting topics from refractive error in preschool children, paediatric keratoplasty, strabismus, and paediatric retinal diseases to paediatric optic neuropathies, presented by young investigators from the Asia-Pacific region. This symposium also aims to provide and generate more insightful research ideas for the growth and development of the paediatric and strabismus subspecialty within the region.

13:30 - 14:45 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Fay Charmaine S CRUZ, Carol LAM, An-Guor WANG

13:30 Population-Based Survey of Refractive Error Among Preschoolers in TaiwanChao-Wen LIN

13:38 Changes of Intraocular Pressure, Axial Length, and Anterior Chamber Depth Before and After Using Cycloplegics in Children with Myopia at Haji Adam Malik HospitalFithria ALDY

13:46 The Outcomes of Primary Pediatric Keratoplasty in SingaporeJin Rong LOW

13:54 Proposing a New Scoring System in Intermittent Exotropia: Development and Reliability and Validity Assessment by Computer-Based Rating ProgramHyuna KIM

14:02 The Use of Botulinum Toxin in Patients with Nasopharyngeal CarcinomaCarol LAM

14:10 Panel Discussion and Q&A

14:19 A Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Pediatric Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic and

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Moderately Myopic EyesChee Wai WONG

14:27 Effect of Anemia on the Progression and Development of ROPMajourette D Y VARELA

14:35 Avascular Retina in ROP: To Treat or Not To TreatVishaal BHAMBHWANI

14:43 Establishment and Characterization of Experimental Animal Models for Investigating Non-Hereditary Pediatric Optic NeuropathiesByung Joo LEE

14:51 Panel Discussion and Q&A

APSPOS Symposium: Common Problems in Pediatric Ophthalmology

15:00 - 16:15 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Sonal FARZAVANDI, Wai-Ching LAM, Jason YAM

15:00 Difficulties Faced in Pediatric Cataract SurgeryKazi Shabbir ANWAR

15:10 Does This Optic Nerve Warrant a Work-Up?Hyosook AHN

15:20 Swollen Optic Disc in ChildrenHui-Chen CHENG

15:30 Cortical Visual ImpairmentRozalina LOEBIS

15:40 When Is Diplopia in Children Dangerous?Sharon TOW

15:50 Consecutive Exotropia After Full Cycloplegic Correction for Accommodative EsotropiaBrian Bing-Herng SHEN

16:00 Common Pediatric Oculoplastic ConditionsSunny SHEN

Meet the Experts: Session 1

15:00 - 15:30 Venue: Room 308

15:00 Genetic Counselling of Hereditary Eye DiseasesGovindasamy KUMARAMANICKAVEL

15:15 Myopia ManagementIan MORGAN

IOA-HKOA Symposium: The Ins and Outs of Intermittent Exotropia

In this symposium we are discussing intermittent exotropia, a form of strabismus in which one or both of the eyes turn outwards from time to time and at other times the eyes are straight. Participants in this symposium will discuss the challenges of intermittent exotropia evaluation, its management, and the impact this eye misalignment has on patients’ lives. Intermittent exotropia is neither straightforward nor fully understood but we hope this symposium will enhance understanding of this prevalent condition.

15:00 - 16:15 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Frenchy CHIU, Kam Kuen LO, Karen MCMAIN15:00 Investigation of Intermittent Exotropia

Chris TIMMS15:10 The Psychological Effect of Intermittent

ExtropiaDavid NEWSHAM

15:20 X(T), The State of BeingZoran PEJIC

15:30 Intervention of Intermittent ExotropiaJorie JACKSON

15:40 Predictive Factors for the Control of Intermittent ExotropiaSze-Lok Gabriela CHONG

15:50 Vergence Training in the Treatment of Intermittent Exotropia: Patient PerspectivesFrenchy CHIU

16:00 Questions and Answers

IPOSC Symposium: Retinopathy of Prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading and preventable cause of childhood visual impairment worldwide in both developing and developed countries. The incidence of ROP is on the rise due to improved survival rate of low birth weight infants in emerging economies. This symposium attempts to highlight current challenges and identify potentials for improvement in ROP care in the Asia-Pacific region. Five high-caliber speakers will provide attendees with valuable updates on the current knowledge of ROP management, from the perspective of neonatology to ophthalmology, including ROP screening, ROP telemedicine, the use of anti-VEGF, and vitreoretinal surgery in advanced ROP.

16:30 - 17:45 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Shuan DAI, James ELDER, Thandalam SURENDRAN

16:30 Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity – Neonatologist’s PerspectiveNai Shun TSOI

16:45 Anti-VEGF Treatment in ROPWei Chi WU

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17:00 Vitrectomy for Advanced ROPWai-Ching LAM

17:15 ROP Therapy in Mainland ChinaJian Hong LIANG

17:30 ROP Telemedicine?Anand VINEKAR

Meet the Experts: Session 2

16:30 - 17:00 Venue: Room 308

16:30 Botox in StrabismusThandalam SURENDRAN

16:45 Surgical Tips on StrabismusMonte DEL MONTE

HKPOSG Symposium: Pediatric Uveitis and Retinal Disease

This exciting symposium will discuss the current state in diagnosis and management of pediatric inflammatory disease: the first part of this symposium will focus on pediatric uveitis and how to better equip ophthalmologists and rheumatologists with tools, techniques, and tips in managing this disease entity; the second part of this symposium will tackle the challenges faced in managing retinoblastoma in children with discussion from experts in different regions of the Asia-Pacific.

16:30 - 17:45 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Simon KO, Abbie LUK, Rita SITORUS

16:30 Surgical Management of Pediatric Uveitis and its ComplicationsWai-Ching LAM

16:40 How to Work Up for Pediatric UveitisGemmy CHEUNG

16:50 Medical Treatment of Pediatric Uveitis: Ophthalmologist PerspectiveCarmen CHAN

17:00 Systemic Treatment of Pediatric Uveitis: Pediatrician PerspectiveAssunta HO

17:10 Managment of Retinoblastoma: Indonesian PerspectiveRita SITORUS

17:20 Managemement of Retinoblastoma: Hong Kong PerspectiveWinnie LAU

17:30 Management of Retinoblastoma: Indian PerspectiveVikas KHETAN

17:40 Questions and Answers

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu)AAPOS Symposium: Strabismus

08:45 - 10:15 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Scott LARSON, Wilson YIP

08:45 Things Not to Miss in Children Presenting with StrabismusDavid TIEN

08:57 Management of Monocular Elevation DeficitDadeya SUBHASH

09:09 Changes in the Superior Oblique Tendon in Brown Syndrome PatientsRosario GOMEZ DE LIANO

09:21 Novel Approaches to Surgical Management of 3rd Nerve PalsyMonte DEL MONTE

09:33 Plication vs ResectionPam HUSTON

09:45 Treatment of Strabismus in Myasthenia GravisRonald BIERNACKI

09:57 Sensory Motor Evaluation of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s DiseaseCheryl MCCARUS

10:09 Panel Discussion

Meet the Experts: Session 3

08:45 - 09:15 Venue: Room 308

08:45 Animal Models of MyopiaXiangtian ZHOU

09:00 Animal Models of MyopiaChi-Ho TO

Genetic Eye Diseases

08:45 - 10:15 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Govindasamy KUMARAMANICKAVEL, Calvin PANG, Zhenglin YANG

08:45 Inherited Retinal Disease Haoyu CHEN

09:00 Involvement of Multiple Molecular Pathways in the Genetics of Ocular Refraction and MyopiaChing-Yu CHENG

09:15 Molecular genetics of FEVRZhenglin YANG

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09:30 Genetic Counselling in Paediatric Ophthalmology: Current TrendsGovindasamy KUMARAMANICKAVEL

09:45 Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON)Julie BARLIANA

10:00 Genetic Architecture of RetinoblastomaWai Kit CHU

AAPOS Symposium: Pediatric Cataract

10:45 - 12:15 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Scott LARSON, Connie LAI

10:45 Basic Tips for Improving Surgical Management of Pediatric CataractSudarshan KHOKHAR

10:58 Pediatric Aphakia: Surgical SolutionsRadhika TANDON

11:11 Should You Be Implanting Blue Blocking Lenses in Children?Scott LARSON

11:24 Binocularity Outcomes from the Infant Aphakia Treatment StudyErick BOTHUN

11:37 Contact Lens Use in Pediatric Aphakia PatientsSerena WANG

11:50 Cataract in Systemic DiseaseDeborah ALCORN

Meet the Experts: Session 4

10:45 - 11:15 Venue: Room 308

10:45 Practical Skills in Management of Retinopathy of PrematurityJames ELDER

11:00 Clinical Applications of Ultra-Widefield Imaging Technology in Pediatric Retinal DiseaseYu XU

CUHK Symposium: Myopia

10:45 - 12:15 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Ian MORGAN, Calvin PANG, Xiangtian ZHOU

10:45 Myopia: Educational Pressures and Limited Time Outdoors Are the Major Risk Factors for MyopiaIan MORGAN

11:00 The Environmental Influences on Myopia DevelopmentKathryn ROSE

11:15 Optical Signalling and Myopia DevelopmentChi-Ho TO

11:30 Dopamine and MyopiaXiangtian ZHOU

11:45 Vitamin D and MyopiaJason YAM

12:00 Management of Myopia Progression with Atropine Eye DropsBoon-Long QUAH

WSPOS Symposium: Progress Through Non-Consensus in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

13:30 - 15:30 Venue: Main Lecture HallChair(s): Ken NISCHAL, Kekunnaya RAMESH, Chris YU

13:30 Strabismus: What Would You Do? Case 1Meenakshi SWAMINATHAN

13:45 Strabismus: What Would You Do? Case 2Seo Wei LEO

14:00 Strabismus: What Would You Do? Case 3Inez WONG

14:15 Strabismus: What Would You Do? Panel DiscussionSeo Wei LEO, Kekunnaya RAMESH, Thandalam SURENDRAN, Boon-Long QUAH

14:30 Translational Pediatric Ophthalmology: The Application of Science

14:31 Reversing Aniridia: Right Here, Right NowKen NISCHAL

14:46 Myopia/Refractive Error Progression: Big Data and Predictive ModelAnthony Vipin DAS

15:01 Pediatric Cataract: What Would You Do? Case 1Kekunnaya RAMESH

15:16 Pediatric Cataract: What Would You Do? Case 2Ken NISCHAL

15:31 Pediatric Cataract: What Would You Do? Case 3Chun Chun Jane YEUNG

15:46 Pediatric Cataract: What Would You Do? Panel DiscussionShuan DAI, Simon KO, Wai-Ching LAM, Ken NISCHAL, Kekunnaya RAMESH, Rita SITORUS

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SUBMITTED PROGRAM - FREE PAPERS

Oct 11, 2017 (Wed)Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Strabismus

08:45 - 10:00 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Ben CHU, Charmaine HON, Cheryl NGO

08:45 Anterior J Transposition of the Inferior Oblique Muscle in Dissociated Vertical DeviationDurdona KALANKHODJAEVA

08:55 Clinical Factors Affecting Successful Occlusion Treatment and Visual Recovery Time in AmblyopiaAyoung CHOI

09:05 Surgical Outcome of Extra-Large Recession of Unilateral Medial Rectus for Small Angle Esotropia in AdultsCao HE

09:15 MRI in Complicated StrabismusYonghong JIAO

09:25 Efficient High-Throughput Targeted Exome Sequencing Based Workflow for Differential Diagnosis of Special Forms of StrabismusYonghong JIAO

09:35 Does Occlusion Therapy Improve Control in Intermittent Exotropia?Kam Chuen CHAN

Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Pediatric Cataract and Miscellaenous

11:00 - 12:15 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): Dorothy FAN, Se Youp LEE, Joan NG

11:00 Pediatric Cataract Surgery Using the 25-Gauge Vitrectomy SystemVishaal BHAMBHWANI

11:10 Use of Topical Cyclopentolate to Retard Progressive Myopia in ChildrenZafar IQBAL

11:20 Outcome of Congenital Cataract Management: Follow-Up, Counseling, and ComplianceQuazi Sazzad IFTEKHAR

11:30 The Prevalence and Causes of Pediatric Uncorrected Refractive Error: Pooled Data from Population Studies for Global Burden of Disease SubregionsCao HE

11:40 Outcomes of Frontalis Sling Surgery Using Autologous Fascia Lata for Congenital Ptosis at the Hong Kong East Cluster Ophthalmology Service from 2007 to 2017Tracy LAI

11:50 Abuse in Physically Challenged ChildrenSneha KUMARI

12:00 Amblyopia in Congenital Ptosis: Factors That MatterRachna Vinaya KUMAR

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu)Rapid Fire Free Paper Session: Retinoblastoma and ROP

13:30 - 14:30 Venue: Room 428Chair(s): C Y KO, Flora LAU, Agnes TSE

13:30 Rate of Weight Gain as a Risk Factor for Vision Threatening Retinopathy of PrematurityChristine ONG

13:40 Evaluation of Retinal Vascular Calibers in Overweight and Obese Malay ChildrenChai SIANG

13:50 Agreement of Image-Based Retinopathy of Prematurity Diagnosis Between Ophthalmology Residents and Pediatric OphthalmologistsAsri SETIAWATI

14:10 Visual Outcome of Ocular Trauma in Children: Role of Parental Ocular MorbiditySneha KUMARI

14:10 Avascular Retina in Retinopathy of Prematurity: To Treat or Not To Treat?Vishaal BHAMBHWANI

14:20 Epidemiology of Retinoblastoma in Singapore: Demographics, Incidence, and Mortality RatesJanice LAM

14:30 Retinoblastoma in the Northwest Frontier, PakistanZafar IQBAL

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Poster No.: EX1-001The Efficacy and Safety of Preinstilling Topical Anesthetic on Pupillary Dilatation in Newborn EyesFirst Author: Monika RATNASARICo-Author(s): Julie D BARLIANA, Rianto SETIABUDY, Rita S SITORUS, Indah S WIDYAHENING

Poster No.: EX1-002Trabeculectomy Surgery Outcome in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in CambodiaFirst Author: Seiha DOCo-Author(s): Chheng Y HAM, Sophal HENG

Poster No.: EX1-003A Case of Congenital Posterior Staphyloma Presenting with AnisometropiaFirst Author: Heeyoung CHOICo-Author(s): Hyeshin JEON

Poster No.: EX1-004A Case of Orbital Cyst With Congenital Optic Disc PitFirst Author: Hyeshin JEONCo-Author(s): Heeyoung CHOI

Poster No.: EX1-005A Study of Strabismus in Children from 0 to 15 Years Old Observed in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of CongoFirst Author: Yogolelo BIENVENU

Poster No.: EX1-006An Atypical Case of Bilateral Disc Swelling in a Young GirlFirst Author: Jonathan Yu Ping TAMCo-Author(s): Abbie LUK, Y F YUEN

Poster No.: EX1-007Prevalence of Endophthalmitis After Cataract Surgery in CambodiaFirst Author: Sophal HENGCo-Author(s): Chheng Y HAM

Poster No.: EX1-008Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Post Pulmonary Artery Stenting ProcedureFirst Author: Oo Kok TIANCo-Author(s): Zunaina EMBONG, Shatriah ISMAIL, Khairy Shamel Sonny TEO

Poster No.: EX1-009The Role of Antenatal Dexamethasone and the Risk of Prolonged Oxygen Therapy in Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Extremely Premature Infants in Hospital Universiti Sains MalaysiaFirst Author: Oo Kok TIANCo-Author(s): Shatriah ISMAIL

Poster No.: EX1-010Ocular Findings in an Infant with Severe Brain Damage from Abusive Head TraumaFirst Author: Ka Kin POONCo-Author(s): Wai Ho CHAN, Hilary K TSANG, Evan Po Fat YIU

Poster No.: EX1-011Barriers and Facilitators for an Innovative School-Based Vision Screening Model in ChinaFirst Author: Chimei LIAOCo-Author(s): Mingguang HE, Ran LIU, Decai WANG, Liqiong XIE

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SUBMITTED PROGRAM - E-POSTERS

Anisometropic Amblyopia in a Hydrocephalus Child First Author: Kianti DARUSMAN

A Report of Ocular and Central Nervous System Manifestations in Two Cases of Nevus Sebaceous Syndrome First Author: Chavisa BUNYAVEE Co-Author(s): Thammanoon SURACHATKUMTONEKUL

Bilateral Cicatricial Ectropion Secondary to Netherton Syndrome First Author: Ivan BAYWONG Co-Author(s): Roland TAN

Congenital Cataract: Does It Make a Difference? First Author: Fiona Lee Min CHEW Co-Author(s): Suriya Eh QURUT, Izzaifa HASSAN, Jamalia RAHMAT, Sunder RAMASAMY, Lim See THENG

Cyclic Esotropia: Surgical Approach and Outcome in a 4-Year-Old Girl First Author: Quazi IFTEKHAR Co-Author(s): Tarikul AHASAN, Mohammad Mostafa HOSSAIN, Mastura KHATUN, Shifat TOUFIQ

Demographic and Clinical Profile of Retinoblastoma Patients in Northern Luzon, Philippines First Author: Roland TAN Co-Author(s): Marie Christine MARCELO-TAN

Intraocular Medulloepithelioma Resembling a Persistent Fetal Vasculature First Author: Roland TAN Co-Author(s): Khrista ABESAMIS, Eulina LAGDAO, Darby SANTIAGO

Long-Term Visual and Functional Outcomes of Congenital and Developmental Cataract in Hong Kong Kowloon West Cluster: A Review First Author: Wai Lok CHAN

Membranous Congenital Cataract with Partial Absorption in Congenital Rubella Syndrome First Author: Ni Made Ayu SURASMIATI

Optical Coherence Tomography in Children with Refractive Error First Author: Cheryl NGO

Orbital Manifestation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child: A Diagnostic Dilemma First Author: Chai Keong TAN Co-Author(s): Hussein ADIL, Musa Ahmad TARMIZI, Nor Hayati OTHMAN, Ismail SHATRIAH

Success Rate of Probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children Under 5 Years of Age First Author: Krytha TOR Co-Author(s): Sophal HENG

The Relationship Between Epiblepharon and Ambylopia First Author: Chen Hsin SUN Co-Author(s): Cheryl NGO

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Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Assessment and Surgical Management of Posttraumatic Paediatric CataractFirst Author: Pulak AGARWAL

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SPONSORED SYMPOSIUMS

Oct 11, 2017 (Wed)Alcon Sponsored Symposium

12:15 - 13:15 Venue: Main Lecture Hall

12:15 Combined Anterior and Posterior Approach for Pediatric CataractDorothy FAN

12:45 Surgical Management of Persistent Fetal VasculatureWai-Ching LAM

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu)Topcon Sponsored Symposium

12:15 - 13:15 Venue: Main Lecture Hall

12:15 Description of Quantitative Retinal Capillary Network in Children Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography: The Hong Kong Children Eye StudyCarol CHEUNG

Novartis Sponsored Symposium

12:15 - 13:15 Venue: Room 428

12:15 Management of Retinopathy of PrematurityWai-Ching LAM

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Oct 11, 2017 (Wed)

08:45 - 10:00Venue: Room 428

Anterior J Transposition of the Inferior Oblique Muscle in Dissociated Vertical DeviationFirst Author: Lola BABADJANOVACo-Author(s): Ziyavuddin ISLAMOV, Durdona KALANKHODJAEVA, Murodjon MAVLYANOVPurpose: To investigate the effectiveness of anterior J transposition of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle in dissociated vertical deviation (DVD).

Methods: Forty consecutive patients (40 eyes) with unilateral DVD were operated on. Strobological exam-ination identified that 80% (32 eyes) had torticollis-re-lated eye problems, 91% (37 eyes) had positive Biel-schowsky test, 88% (35 eyes) had IO overaction of 3-4 degrees, 80% (32 eyes) had vertical deviation up to 25 prism diopters (PD), and 20% (8 eyes) had more than 25 PD of vertical deviation. All of them were surgically corrected by anterior J transposition of the inferior oblique muscle.

Results: The criterion of effectiveness was the decrease or disappearance of hypertrophy in the primary posi-tion of eye and in adduction. The vertical deviation at the primary position of the eye was 100% eliminated and in adduction position was eliminated 90%.

Conclusions: J transposition of the IO muscle is an ef-fective method of correcting DVD and made it possible to achieve a symmetrical position and cosmetic effect in 97% of cases. The residual angle should be corrected in the next stage by recession of the superior rectus muscle.

Venue: Room 428

Clinical Factors Affecting Successful Occlusion Treatment and Visual Recovery Time in AmblyopiaFirst Author: Ayoung CHOICo-Author(s): Se Youp LEE, Kyu Young SIMPurpose: To evaluate the factors affecting successful occlusion treatment and visual recovery time in pa-tients with amblyopia in cases where best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved to logMAR 0.0 after occlusion.

Methods: Forty-eight patients from 2 to 13 years old with amblyopia due to refractive errors or strabismus were selected. The duration of amblyopic treatment to gain BCVA of logMAR 0.0 was compared according

to the cause of amblyopia (anisometropia, strabismus, combined), initial BCVA of the amblyopic eye, the age at treatment, and other factors.

Results: The duration of treatment to gain a BCVA of logMAR 0.0 was prolonged when the initial BCVA in the amblyopic eye was lower than logMAR 0.7, the age at treatment was more than 6 years old, and spherical equivalent of the amblyopic eye was bigger than +3.0 D at treatment. These factors can be used to predict the duration of occlusion treatment.

Conclusions: Factors such as visual acuity, age, and spherical equivalent can be used to predict the dura-tion of occlusion treatment for amblyopia.

Venue: Room 428

Surgical Outcome of Extra-Large Recession of Unilateral Medial Rectus for Small Angle Esotropia in AdultsFirst Author: Cao HEPurpose: This study evaluated the surgical outcomes of adults who underwent extra-large recession of unilat-eral medial rectus (UMR) for the treatment of concom-itant esotropia less than +30 prism diopters (PD).

Methods: The medical records of 20 patients who underwent surgical correction of concomitant esotro-pia less than +30 PD were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with esotropia who were previously treated with 1 or 2 surgical procedures of adjustable suture (10 UMR recession 7.5-9 mm, 10 bilateral MR recession 4-5 mm) were included in the study. The mean age at surgery was 28.2 years old (range, 18-42 years old; SD, 19.9 years old). The binocular alignment and adduction function were evaluated at postoperative 3 days and 3 months.

Results: UMR recession was successful in the correc-tion of concomitant esotropia in 10 cases. There was no statistical difference in the postoperative PD or AC/A between the 2 groups (t = 1.67, P = 0.08, t = 1.69, P = 0.08). Three of 10 (30.0%) patients with UMR had ad-duction limitation on postoperative day 3, while none of the patients showed the limitation at postoperative month 3.

Conclusions: Surgical correction with UMR recession less than 9 mm was safe in adults with small angle esotropia.

Venue: Room 428

MRI in Complicated StrabismusFirst Author: Yonghong JIAOPurpose: Complicated cases of strabismus often pres-ent diagnostic challenges.

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Methods: Between 2006 and 2016, 1113 strabismus patients with unusual ocular motor disorders after clin-ical examination underwent magnetic resonance im-aging (MRI) of the oculomotor nerves in the brainstem and intraorbital resolution in triplanar scans.

Results: These results included normal (295 patients), congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (257 pa-tients), abnormalities of the extraocular muscles (169 patients), thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (209 patients), tumor (22 patients), orbital fracture (37 pa-tients), lesions of cavernous sinus (26 patients), intraor-bital inflammation (30 patients), injury of medial rectus muscle after endoscopic sinus surgery (13 patients), and others (55 patients).

Conclusions: MRI can provide unique information un-available from the clinical examination alone. With the help of MRI techniques, more and more cranial nerve and extraocular muscle abnormalities have been recog-nized.

Venue: Room 428

Efficient High-Throughput Targeted Exome Sequencing Based Workflow for Differential Diagnosis of Special Forms of StrabismusFirst Author: Yonghong JIAOPurpose: Utilizing high-throughput targeted exome se-quencing is proposed as an efficient approach to aid in the molecular diagnosis of special forms of strabismus.

Methods: Forty-three probands with special forms of strabismus were enrolled (16 were familial and 27 were sporadic). Detailed clinical data were collected. High-throughput targeted exome sequencing of 150 candidate genes was performed. After bioinformatic analysis, the nucleotide variations were verified in fam-ily members and 100 unrelated normal control individ-uals.

Results: We identified 10 mutations in 7 genes (KIF21A, TUBB3, POMGNT1, RYR1, CHN1, MYH2, and ECEL1). A positive molecular diagnosis was made in 70% of probands (30/43); these diagnoses include congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM), muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB), congenital myopathy, Duane syndrome, and horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS).

Conclusions: This study indicates that high-throughput targeted exome sequencing may be essential to con-firm the accurate diagnosis of special forms of strabis-mus.

Venue: Room 428Does Occlusion Therapy Improve Control in Intermittent Exotropia?First Author: Kam Chuen CHANPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of occlusion therapy on the control of intermit-tent exotropia (IXT).

Methods: A prospective cohort pilot study of 20 Chi-nese IXT patients was performed. Age range was be-tween 3 and 7 years of age. Evaluation of the visual acuity, deviation angle, fusional convergence parame-ters, and Newcastle Control Score (NCS) were recorded before and after occlusion therapy.

Results: Comparing the parameters before and after occlusion therapy, 60% of the patients demonstrat-ed an increased level of visual acuity after occlusion therapy. An increase of deviation angles at near and distance was indicated in 45% and 40% of the patients, respectively. Half of the subjects showed an increase in NCS with no significant change in fusional reserve after occlusion therapy.

Conclusions: Deteriorating control of intermittent ex-otropia may result in decreased levels of visual acuity. Occlusion therapy may be effective in improving the level of visual acuity but may not improve the fusional control of deviation angles at near or distance. Further study may be needed to observe and consolidate our results.

11:00 - 12:15Venue: Room 428

Pediatric Cataract Surgery Using the 25-Gauge Vitrectomy SystemFirst Author: Vishaal BHAMBHWANICo-Author(s): Shuan DAIPurpose: To demonstrate the use of the 25-gauge vitrectomy system in pediatric cataract surgery by the anterior (limbal) and the posterior (pars plana) routes.

Methods: Three patients (aged 2 months, 6 months, and 2 years, respectively) with congenital cataract were operated on using the 25-gauge vitrectomy system. The first 2 patients were without intraocular lenses (IOLs) and the last was with IOL. The 25-gauge cutter was used by the anterior (limbal) route in case 2 and by the posterior (pars plana) route in cases 1 and 3.

Results: The 25-gauge cutter gives excellent results for cataract surgery in pediatric patients by both the anterior and posterior route with minimal postopera-tive conjunctival congestion, corneal edema, anterior chamber reaction, and the potential for sutureless surgery. There were no intra- or postoperative compli-

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cations. The visual axis remained clear.

Conclusions: The 25-gauge vitrectomy system seems an excellent option for pediatric cataract surgery. How-ever, studies with larger sample sizes and longer fol-low-up are needed.

Venue: Room 428

Use of Topical Cyclopentolate to Retard Progressive Myopia in ChildrenFirst Author: Zafar IQBALPurpose: To study the effect of topical cyclopentolate 1% eye drops once at night to retard/stop the progres-sion of myopia in children.

Methods: This is a preliminary report of 18 children (36 eyes) who have completed at least 1 year of follow-up.

Results: Mean progression of myopia was 1.25 diopters (D) for the 36 eyes included in this cohort.

Conclusions: Topical 1% cyclopentolate instilled once at bedtime seems to retard the progression of myopia in children.

Venue: Room 428

Outcome of Congenital Cataract Management: Follow-Up, Counseling, and ComplianceFirst Author: Mohammad Mostafa HOSSAINCo-Author(s): Quazi Sazzad IFTEKHARPurpose: To report cases of congenital cataract man-agement and the importance of follow-up, counseling, and compliance.

Methods: A child presented to our hospital in April 2012 at 8 months of age with vision of “fixation and follow” in each eye due to congenital cataract. Cataract surgery (irrigation and aspiration with posterior cap-sulotomy and anterior vitrectomy) was performed in both eyes 1 week apart. Proper medical management was given. The child was advised for regular follow-up (1 month, 3 months, and 6 months). At age about 4 years, secondary intraocular lenses were implanted in both eyes 1 week apart. Proper management and regular follow-up were maintained. Another child presented at 9 months of age with vision of “fixation and follow” in each eye due to congenital cataract. Cataract surgery in both eyes was done. Proper medical management was given. At age about 4 years, intraocular lenses were im-planted in both eyes. Proper management and regular follow-up were maintained.

Results: Follow-ups were regular (1 month, 3 months, and 6 months). In the first child best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in aphakia with +14.00 Dsp was about 6/60 in each eye. At age about 4 years 4 months, BCVA

was 6/9 with plano in the right eye and 6/9 with +0.50 Dsp in the left eye. In the second child BCVA in aphakia was 6/24 in each eye. At age 4 years BCVA was 6/9 in each eye. Both the children were compliant.

Conclusions: Good outcome of congenital cataract management largely depends not only upon surgery, but also upon follow-up, counseling, compliance, and tolerance.

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The Prevalence and Causes of Pediatric Uncorrected Refractive Error: Pooled Data from Population Studies for Global Burden of Disease SubregionsFirst Author: Cao HEPurpose: To summarize the prevalence and causes of pediatric uncorrected refractive error (URE) from stud-ies in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) subregions.

Methods: The pooled analysis used the individual participant data (ages less than 20 years old) from population-based studies around the world by regions. URE was defined as presenting visual acuity (VA) < 6/18 and improving to ≥6/18 or ≥1 line on using a pinhole in either eye, with main causes of myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism.

Results: The combined pooled data contained 14,371,149 individuals from 60 studies. The age- and subregion-standardized prevalence was 3.82 per 1000 [confidence interval (CI), 2.16–5.99] for hyperopia, 4.65 per 1000 (CI, 2.65–5.32) for myopia, and 1.13 per 1000 (CI, 0.71–1.22) for astigmatism. Prevalence varied by age and subregions but did not differ by gender. The age- and region-standardized prevalence of myopia was 4.24 per 1000 (CI, 3.86–5.01) in the Western Pa-cific region (14 studies), 3.19 per 1000 (CI, 2.65–4.79) in Southeast Asia (21 studies), and 2.17 per 1000 (CI, 1.56–3.68) in Americans (7 studies). Hyperopia was the first-leading cause in the African region (5 studies), with a prevalence rate of 9.15%. On the basis of these data, an estimated 11.20 million (CI, 9.91–13.56) indi-viduals are affected by myopia, with 7.53 million (CI, 5.19–9.31) affected by hyperopia and 2.21 million (CI, 2.35–6.22) affected by astigmatism.

Conclusions: Visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive error is a common condition in the Western Pacific region, Southeast Asia, and Africa.

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Outcomes of Frontalis Sling Surgery Using Autologous Fascia Lata for Congenital Ptosis at the Hong Kong East Cluster Ophthalmology Service from 2007 to 2017First Author: Tracy LAICo-Author(s): Simon KOPurpose: To assess the long-term outcomes of frontalis sling surgery using autologous fascia lata for congenital ptosis at the Hong Kong East Cluster Ophthalmology Service from January 2007 to May 2017.

Methods: A retrospective, observational case series. Ten patients (14 eyes) aged 4 to 7 underwent either unilateral or bilateral frontalis sling surgery using au-tologous fascia lata for congenital ptosis. Postoperative functional and cosmetic result, presence of lagophthal-mos, exposure keratopathy, and postoperative compli-cations were documented.

Results: The mean marginal reflex distance (MRD) improved from 0.44 ± 0.13 mm to 1.88 ± 1.31 mm for unilateral cases and from 0.42 ± 0.58 mm to 1.25 ± 1.71 mm for bilateral cases. Good to fair outcome was achieved in 50% of cases, while 70% of patients had lagophthalmos and 57% of patients had exposure kera-topathy.

Conclusions: Autologous fascia lata sling is an effective method of correcting congenital ptosis.

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Abuse in Physically Challenged ChildrenFirst Author: Sanjoy CHOWDHURYCo-Author(s): Sneha KUMARIPurpose: Physically challenged children want to spend more time at school than at home. The aim of this study was to determine the nature of abuses faced by the children of a school for the visually challenged.

Methods: Survey was done with a questionnaire both at school and home. This study was done with visually challenged cohorts.

Results: Out of 150 students, 80% reported some form of abuse at home. Ten percent admitted to neglect. Lack of knowledge leads to frustration and consequent physical abuse.

Conclusions: Counseling and a few simple measures helped the parents to live in harmony with this physi-cally challenged community.

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Amblyopia in Congenital Ptosis: Factors That MatterFirst Author: Rachna Vinaya KUMARPurpose: To evaluate the incidence of amblyopia and role of factors in amblyogenesis in patients with con-genital ptosis.

Methods: Inclusion criteria was all patients of both sexes who presented with congenital ptosis, wherein visual acuity could be assessed. Exclusion criteria was patients of congenital ptosis with other organic pathol-ogies interfering with vision, or those for whom visual acuity could not be assessed. All patients had thorough clinical evaluation with special emphasis on (i) com-pensatory head posture, (ii) Herring’s reflex, (iii) poor levator function, (iv) pupillary occlusion by the ptotic eyelid, (v) orthoptic evaluation, and (vi) significant refractive error [spherical error ≥ 3 diopters (D), astig-matism ≥1.5 D, anisometropia ≥ 1D].

Results: Age ranged from 5-32 years (mean, 13.97 years). Of the 60 cases included in the study, 48 (80%) were unilateral and 12 (20%) were bilateral. Amblyopia was seen in 25 of the 60 cases (41.67%). Prevalence in unilateral and bilateral cases was 41.67% (20/48 and 5/12, respectively). The 2 groups of amblyopic and nonamblyopic patients were compared for various amblyogenic factors: (i) compensatory head posture, 57.7% vs 64.7%; (ii) Herring’s reflex, 50% vs 52.94%; (iii) poor levator function, 53.84% vs 35.29%; (iv) pupillary occlusion, 46.15% vs 41.17%; (v) significant refrac-tive error, 80% vs 17.4%; and (vi) strabismus, 40% vs 11.42%.

Conclusions: More than a third of patients with con-genital ptosis have amblyopia (41.67%). The common-est cause of amblyopia is significant refractive error (80%), followed by strabismus (40%). Astigmatism is the commonest amblyogenic refractive error. Amblyo-pia ex anopsia due to pupillary occlusion is rare (4%).

Oct 12, 2017 (Thu)

13:30 - 14:30Venue: Room 428

Rate of Weight Gain as a Risk Factor for Vision Threatening Retinopathy of PrematurityFirst Author: Christine ONGCo-Author(s): Azanna Ahmad KAMAR, May May CHOO, Yao Mun CHOO, Tengku Ain KAMALDEN, Nurliza KHALIDDIN

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Purpose: Poor rate of weight gain and insulin like growth factor-1 have been implicated as risk factors for vision threatening retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This study aims to assess rate of weight gain at the third week of life as a risk factor for vision threatening ROP.

Methods: This was an observational cohort study which included all preterm infants that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the neonatal inten-sive care unit at University Malaya Medical Center from 2012 to 2016. Variables were analysed using univariate analysis. Thereon, significant variables were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Outcome variable was vision threatening retinopathy of prematurity.

Results: A total of 299 infants were enrolled to the study. ROP was detected in 103 infants and 40 of these infants developed vision threatening ROP. Mean gesta-tional age was 29.71 weeks (SD, 2.57) and mean birth weight was 1179.97 g (SD, 219.81) in this cohort. Av-erage rate of weight gain at the third week of life was 12.39 g/kg/day (SD, 8.00) for vision threatening ROP and 7.86 g/kg/day (SD, 4.53) for no ROP. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that high weight gain at the third week of life (>7.219 g/kg/day) was a significant independent risk factor for vision threatening ROP (adjusted odds ratio, 2.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-7.60; P = 0.026). Gestational age, days on invasive ventilation, and culture-proven sepsis were other sig-nificant independent risk factors for vision threatening ROP.

Conclusions: High rate of weight gain at the third week of life was shown to be a significant independent risk factor for vision threatening ROP in this center.

Venue: Room 428

Evaluation of Retinal Vascular Calibers in Overweight and Obese Malay ChildrenFirst Author: Chai SIANGCo-Author(s): Shatriah ISMAIL, Evelyn Tai Min LI, Tien Yin WONG, Erica Kueh Yee CHENGPurpose: The present study aims to determine the mean and mean differences of retinal arteriolar caliber and retinal venular caliber between overweight and obese Malay children.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 131 Malay children aged 6-12 years in Kota Bharu, Malaysia. Overweight and obese groups were identi-fied based on the sex- and age-specific World Health Organization growth chart for 5 to 19 years old. Mul-tistage random sampling method was employed in participants’ recruitment. Ocular examination, refrac-tion, retinal photograph, and anthropometric mea-surement including height, weight, and blood pressure

were obtained by standardized protocols. Retinal vas-cular caliber was measured using a validated comput-er-based program and were summarized as the retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) by using the Kudtson-Parr-Hubbard formula.

Results: The mean corrected CRAE in overweight and obese Malay children were 173.50 µm and 165.84 µm, respectively, whereas the mean corrected CRVE in overweight and obese Malay children were 252.37 µm and 253.41 µm, respectively. There was a significant mean difference of retinal arteriolar caliber between overweight and obese Malay children where narrower retinal arteriolar caliber was observed in obese than overweight. However, there was no significant mean difference of retinal venular caliber between over-weight and obese Malay children after adjustment for confounding variables.

Conclusions: Retinal arteriolar caliber was found narrower in obese than overweight Malay children. However, the mean retinal venular caliber was almost similar in both groups. This may suggest that pediatric obesity has an effect on the microvasculature early in childhood.

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Agreement of Image-Based Retinopathy of Prematurity Diagnosis Between Ophthalmology Residents and Pediatric OphthalmologistsFirst Author: Asri SETIAWATICo-Author(s): Julie BARLIANA, Dian ESTU, Rita SITORUSPurpose: To measure agreement of image-based reti-nopathy of prematurity (ROP) diagnosis between oph-thalmology residents and pediatric ophthalmologists.

Methods: Twenty-five sets of retinal photographs of premature infants were interpreted by 15 ophthalmol-ogy residents and pediatric ophthalmologists and clas-sified into 4 categories: no ROP, mild ROP, type 2 ROP, and treatment-requiring ROP. Level of agreement was measured based on Kappa value. The expected level of agreement for each category was “very good,” with the exception of treatment-requiring ROP, for which the expected Kappa value was 1.00.

Results: For detection of no ROP, agreement of all subjects was “very good.” For detection of mild or worse ROP, only 1 of 15 subjects had “very good,” 9 of 15 subjects had “good,” and 5 subjects had “moderate” agreement (Kappa, 0.65 ± 0.15). For detection of type 2 or worse ROP, 10 of 15 subjects had “very good,” 3 subjects had “good,” and 2 subjects had “moderate” agreement (Kappa, 0.45 ± 1.00). For detection of treat-ment-requiring ROP, only 7 of 15 subjects had a Kappa

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value of 1.00.

Conclusions: Agreement of image-based ROP diagnosis between ophthalmology residents and pediatric oph-thalmologists has not achieved the expected target yet.

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Visual Outcome of Ocular Trauma in Children: Role of Parental Ocular MorbidityFirst Author: Sanjoy CHOWDHURYCo-Author(s): Sneha KUMARIPurpose: Eye injury in children below 5 years of age is an important cause of unilateral blindness. Good visual status of the parent is a prerequisite for proper out-come. The visual status of parents of children below 5 years of age presenting with eye injuries was studied.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study done for 1 year (2016). Preverbal visual acuity was checked with drum and Snellen chart was used for parents and older children. Logistic regression was done.

Results: Forty-five cases of eye injuries were recorded below 5 years of age. There was no difference with gender. Cases were unilateral in 95%, and 60% pre-sented within 24 hours. Mean acuity at presentation was 6/12. Mean visual acuity of the parents was 6/12. In 55% of cases, the mother had best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) <6/36 due to uncorrected refractive er-rors, cataract, and trauma. Logistic regression analysis showed poor visual outcome with injuries occurring at home [odds ratio (OR), 3.41] and with mother having poor vision (OR, 3.51).

Conclusions: Poor vision of parents can affect visual outcome in children sustaining eye injuries.

Venue: Room 428

Avascular Retina in Retinopathy of Prematurity: To Treat or Not To Treat?First Author: Vishaal BHAMBHWANICo-Author(s): Shuan DAIPurpose: Opinion is divided with regard to the ideal management for avascular retina from regressed stage 1 and stage 2 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in children, with no clear guidelines. Various options exist including observation, laser, and anti-VEGF therapy. Our study aims to evaluate the natural history of avas-cular retina from regressed stage 1 and stage 2 ROP using fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and wide-field retinal imaging (Retcam 3).

Methods: Twenty-four children with avascular retina from regressed stage 1 and stage 2 ROP underwent FFA with Retcam 3 from age 9 months to 3.5 years. The

extent of avascular retina and leakage (if any) were noted.

Results: None of the 24 patients evaluated showed any leakage of dye on FFA. There were no tractional ele-ments or any retinal detachments visualised. Laser for patients with avascular retina from regressed stage 1 and 2 ROP has its share of problems, especially induced myopia. For the age group in our study, it was found that it may be safe to just observe such patients (with-out treatment). However, the need for repeated exams (including FFA) may be a roadblock until safety of just observation is strictly established, including studies to ascertain what happens to these avascular retinas in older/adult age.

Conclusions: Studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to frame guidelines for patients with avascular retina from regressed stage 1 and stage 2 ROP. However, our study shows that observation (without laser) may be a reasonable approach for such patients.

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Epidemiology of Retinoblastoma in Singapore: Demographics, Incidence, and Mortality RatesFirst Author: Janice LAMCo-Author(s): Errol CHAN, Caroline CHEE, Ching-Yu CHENG, Gek Hsiang LIM, Gangadhara SUNDARPurpose: To provide an updated report on the inci-dence of retinoblastoma and long-term survival rates of retinoblastoma in Singapore and to describe the trend seen over an extended period of 30 years from 1984 to 2013, based on the national database in the Singapore Cancer Registry (SCR).

Methods: We reviewed retrospectively data from the SCR recorded between 1984 and 2013 to identify the incidence of retinoblastoma and the survival rate of retinoblastoma patients in Singapore. The incidence of retinoblastoma was estimated by population-based analysis of children aged 0 to 5 years, population-based analysis per live births, and birth cohort analysis. Sur-vival rate was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the retinoblastoma data from the SCR was further cross-referenced with the death registry in Singapore.

Results: The overall incidence rate of retinoblastoma was 5.9 per 100,000 live births among children aged 0 to 5 years diagnosed during the entire study peri-od. Age-standardized incidence was similar for both genders. Birth cohort analysis showed similar results of 5.7 per 100,000 live births. The peak incidence rate occurred during the period from 2004 to 2008. The all-cause 10-year mortality rate was 11.7%. The mortality rate improved from 30% for patients diagnosed from

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1984 to 1988 to 6.25% for those diagnosed from 2009 to 2013.

Conclusions: The incidence of retinoblastoma in Sin-gapore was found to be comparable to international data in most developed countries. The survival rate of retinoblastoma patients in Singapore was significantly better during recent years compared to 30 years ago.

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Retinoblastoma in the Northwest Frontier, PakistanFirst Author: Zafar IQBALPurpose: To determine the demographics and treat-ment outcomes of retinoblastoma in children in this region.

Methods: This is a cohort of 400 children with retino-blastoma presenting to the authors during the period from January 2000 to May 2015.

Results: Retinoblastoma presented at 2.19 years and 3.31 years of age in bilateral and unilateral cas-es, respectively. Its prevalence was slightly higher in males. Although leucocoria was the main presentation, proptosis accounted for 11.7% and 18.9% of bilateral and unilateral cases, respectively. Stage V disease was present in 84.5% and 56.8% of eyes in unilateral and bi-lateral cases, respectively. Primary enucleation was car-ried out in 57% and 42% of unilaterally and bilaterally affected eyes, respectively. Chemotherapy was carried out 21% and 35% of unilaterally and bilaterally affected children. Overall survival of these children was 55.57% for this cohort.

Conclusions: Retinoblastoma presents at a much ad-vanced stage in this region mainly due to late age at presentation. This along with poor follow-up is keeping the overall survival at a fairly low level in this region.

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Poster No.: EX1-001Panel No.: 001, Session: EX1

The Efficacy and Safety of Preinstilling Topical Anesthetic on Pupillary Dilatation in Newborn EyesFirst Author: Monika RATNASARICo-Author(s): Julie D BARLIANA, Rianto SETIABUDY, Rita S SITORUS, Indah S WIDYAHENINGPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prein-stilling tetracaine 0.5% over mydriatic agents in dilating the pupil of newborn eyes.

Methods: The study was performed in 100 eyes of full-term healthy newborns. Each eye was randomized to receive either 0.5% tetracaine (intervention group) or artificial tears (placebo group) 5 minutes prior to 0.5% tropicamide + 2.5% phenylephrine, 15 minutes apart for 3 times. Pupil diameter, size changes, and dilatation rate, as well as systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured at baseline, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after eye drop instillation.

Results: Pupil diameter and size changes were signifi-cantly larger and the rate of pupillary dilatation signifi-cantly faster in the intervention group compared to the placebo group after 60 minutes (P < 0.05). Increasing systolic and mean arterial pressure, along with decreas-ing pulse rate in the intervention group, were lower than the placebo group. Higher increase of diastolic blood pressure was observed in the intervention group, although the value was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Preinstillation of 0.5% tetracaine over 0.5% tropicamide and 2.5% phenylephrine resulted in larger and faster pupillary dilatation, and it appears safe to administer in newborn eyes.

Poster No.: EX1-002Panel No.: 002, Session: EX1

Trabeculectomy Surgery Outcome in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in CambodiaFirst Author: Seiha DOCo-Author(s): Chheng Y HAM, Sophal HENGPurpose: To evaluate the short-term outcomes and contributing prognostic factors of trabeculectomy in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) at Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital and at Do Seiha Eye Clinic in prima-ry open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that involved the evaluation of 28 patients (28 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent primary tra-beculectomy from February 2014 to October 2014. Patients who were over 40 years old were selected. Follow-up for all subjects lasted at least 6 months or

more. Successful control of IOP was defined as achiev-ing IOP of 21 mm Hg or less without medication (com-plete success).

Results: The results are presented with particular emphasis being placed only on IOP control. The tono-metric success rate of trabeculectomy in controlling IOP at 21 mm Hg or less without any medication was 57.14% (complete success); 14.28% had qualified suc-cess (postoperative IOP 21 mm Hg or less with 1 topical medication), while 28.57% of trabeculectomies failed to show desired results.

Conclusions: This retrospective study shows that the trabeculectomy procedure in primary open-angle glau-coma has moderate success in controlling intraocular pressure in the study population. The procedure failed to show the desired result in 28.57% of the patients and topical medical treatment was reinstated in these patients with either 2 or 3 drugs. However, these re-sults lead to the following question: Should trabeculec-tomy be the first choice of therapy in the early stage of glaucoma?

Poster No.: EX1-003Panel No.: 003, Session: EX1

A Case of Congenital Posterior Staphyloma Presenting with AnisometropiaFirst Author: Heeyoung CHOICo-Author(s): Hyeshin JEONPurpose: To report a case of congenital posterior staphyloma that presented with anisometropia.

Methods: A 7-year-old female presented with de-creased visual acuity in the right eye. She had been wearing glasses and conducting occlusion therapy for the past 2 years. She denied any previous history of systemic disease. Her best corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye, and color vision test was normal. The results of cyclople-gic refraction were -1.00 sph = -1.0 cyl, axis = 170° in the right eye and +1.75 sph = -0.75 cyl, axis = 160° in the left eye. Blurry inferior margin of optic disc and decreased foveal reflex were found. Axial length was 23.22 mm in the right and 22.25 mm in the left eye. Sclera at posterior pole was excavated and elongated asymmetrically on magnetic resonance imaging in the right eye.

Results: She was treated with glasses prescription and occlusion therapy.

Conclusions: Posterior staphyloma may present with anisometropia without systemic disease. The evalua-tion of structural abnormalities of the eye is necessary in patients with anisometropia and amblyopia.

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Poster No.: EX1-004Panel No.: 004, Session: EX1

A Case of Orbital Cyst With Congenital Optic Disc PitFirst Author: Hyeshin JEONCo-Author(s): Heeyoung CHOIPurpose: To report a case of orbital cyst with congeni-tal optic disc pit that presented with exotropia.

Methods: A 6-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of amblyopia and exotropia. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/125 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Relative afferent pupillary defect was ob-served in the right eye; 16 prism diopters of exotropia was found by prism and alternate cover test and ocular movement was in normal range. Optic disc pit without subretinal fluid was found on fundus photo and opti-cal coherence tomography. On MRI, a cystic mass was observed and was diagnosed as an optic nerve cyst accompanied with optic disc pit.

Results: Occlusion therapy was applied and his best-corrected visual acuity improved to 20/80 after 6 months.

Conclusions: Orbital cyst is one of the accompanying diseases of optic disc pit that needs to be considered when an optic disc pit is diagnosed.

Poster No.: EX1-005Panel No.: 005, Session: EX1

A Study of Strabismus in Children from 0 to 15 Years Old Observed in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of CongoFirst Author: Yogolelo BIENVENUPurpose: The aim of this article is to describe the epi-demiologic and clinical aspects of strabismus in Congo-lese children from 0 to 15 years old in Lubumbashi.

Methods: A longitudinal descriptive study on the ep-idemiologic and clinical aspects of strabismus in Con-golese children from 0 to 15 years old in Lubumbashi between December 2012 and December 2013. We collected the age, sex, type of strabismus, refraction, eye fundus, heredity, and the type of the strabismus deviation observed in 70 patients.

Results: We observed 70 patients with manifested strabismus, where 31 patients (44.28%) were between 0 and 5 years old. The average age of our patients was 6.7 with a predominance of the female sex: 51.42%. Strabismus was convergent in 65.71% and divergent in 30%, vertical in 4.28%. Esostropia represented 65 patients (92.85%); 4 patients (5.71%) had a family antecedent of strabismus in the first degree of rela-tiveness, 21 patients (30%) in the second degree of

relativeness, and 45 patients (64.28 %) did not have this antecedent. A total of 30% of patients complained much more about the left eye. Factors favoring strabis-mus were not observed in 54 patients (77.14%). Stra-bismus was secondary to hypermetropia in 32 patients (42.71%).

Conclusions: The frequency of strabismus in 0 to 15-year-old children was 0.5% in the town of Lubum-bashi. Esotropia was the most common deviation.

Poster No.: EX1-006Panel No.: 006, Session: EX1

An Atypical Case of Bilateral Disc Swelling in a Young GirlFirst Author: Jonathan Yu Ping TAMCo-Author(s): Abbie LUK, Y F YUENPurpose: To report a case of suspected atypical idio-pathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in a young girl. IIH is an uncommon condition in children. Diagnosis can often be difficult because paediatric patients present with vague symptoms and they may not have classical predisposing risk factors or clinical signs.

Methods: Case report.

Results: Our case presented with clinical features of IIH despite normal cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure. Visual field examination showed bilateral enlarged blindspot with constricted visual fields. She was treat-ed as IIH with oral acetazolamide and lifestyle modifi-cation, with stablization of her visual field constriction on treatment.

Conclusions: High index of suspicion and early treat-ment is important in paediatric IIH because delayed diagnosis is associated with risk of irreversible visual damage. Review of management and monitoring of paediatric IIH will be further discussed.

Poster No.: EX1-007Panel No.: 007, Session: EX1

Prevalence of Endophthalmitis After Cataract Surgery in CambodiaFirst Author: Sophal HENGCo-Author(s): Chheng Y HAMPurpose: To define the prevalence of postoperative endophthalmitis at Takeo Eye Hospital in Takeo Prov-ince, Cambodia from January 2007 to December 2012 by using a modified cost-effective sterilization protocol. Moreover, we will determine the demographics and risk factors associated with this complication.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study at a single eye hospital, data of postoperative endoph-thalmitis within the first 4 postoperative weeks was

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collected from a computerized database. The patient’s biography, the type of cataract procedure performed, and the complications during cataract surgery were noted and analyzed as possible risk factors.

Results: During the study period, there were 56 cas-es in 10,399 cataract surgeries (incidence, ~0.54%). The most occurred in the year 2007 (23/1241 cases; ~1.85%) and the least occurred in the years 2010 (1/1875 cases; ~0.05%) and 2011 (1/2183 cases; ~0.05%). There were many risk factors, but we found posterior lens capsule rupture with vitreous loss to be the most common cause (40/484 cases; ~8.26%). Last but not least, the majority of cases occurred in a range of 8 days to the second week (23/56 cases; ~41.07%).

Conclusions: This is not a bad result for Cambodia, even though it is higher than other countries. We still strongly support that the modified sterilization and asepsis protocol for cataract surgery in a clinical setting appeared to be safe and effective in preventing post-surgical endophthalmitis. Especially, we notice that the prevalence of endophthalmitis decreased dramatically to ~0.05% in 2010 when the operation theater was moved to a new building of an international standard with good asepsis protocol.

Poster No.: EX1-008Panel No.: 008, Session: EX1

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Post Pulmonary Artery Stenting ProcedureFirst Author: Oo Kok TIANCo-Author(s): Zunaina EMBONG, Shatriah ISMAIL, Khairy Shamel Sonny TEOPurpose: Central retinal arterial occlusion is most commonly associated with elderly patient populations. The major etiologic factor in adults has been attributed to emboli from atherosclerotic vascular disease of the carotid arteries, with about 75% of patients over the age of 40 years demonstrating this finding. Conversely, retinal arterial obstruction in young patients is rare and has a variety of causative factors. This is the case of a 16-year-old girl with underlying pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum, who developed a right central retinal artery occlusion after an operation for pulmonary artery stenting.

Methods: It is known that carotid stenting is associated with the risk of central retinal artery occlusion. How-ever, in this particular case, the patient had pulmonary artery stenting, which was a procedure that involved right-sided circulation of heart. It is very rare that pulmonary artery stenting causes central retinal artery occlusion or stroke.

Results: It is thought that the central retinal artery occlusion was due to the patient’s previous Fontan pro-

cedure that carries a risk of stroke or arterial thrombo-sis up to 19% and the pulmonary artery stenting may have mechanically mobilized the venous thrombus and further circulated into the left atrium, thus causing the central retinal artery occlusion.

Conclusions: Although studies show that there is no improvement in terms of visual recovery with thrombo-lytics in visual impairment more than 24 hours, retinal artery occlusion has significant association with subse-quent stroke, and with this patient comorbidity of high vascular risk, anticoagulant therapy would significantly reduce the risk of subsequent stroke.

Poster No.: EX1-009Panel No.: 009, Session: EX1

The Role of Antenatal Dexamethasone and the Risk of Prolonged Oxygen Therapy in Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Extremely Premature Infants in Hospital Universiti Sains MalaysiaFirst Author: Oo Kok TIANCo-Author(s): Shatriah ISMAILPurpose: To determine the role of antenatal dexameth-asone in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely premature infants and the effect of prolonged oxygen therapy as a risk for retinopathy of prematurity among these extremely premature infants.

Methods: Retrospective review of extremely prema-ture infants undergoing ROP screening. A total of 13 extremely premature infants (≤28 weeks) were includ-ed, and data were retrieved retrospectively to review antenatal dexamethasone usage and duration of oxy-gen therapy.

Results: Of these 13 extremely premature infants (≤28 weeks), ROP was detected in 11 (84%) infants. There were 8 (62%) extremely premature infants with thresh-old ROP requiring treatment. Among these 13 infants, 5 (38%) had completed antenatal intramuscular (IM) dexamethasone (2 doses 12 hours apart with the last dose 24 hours prior to delivery), and 8 (62%) had not completed IM dexamethasone antenatally. Among the 5 patients who had completed antenatal IM dexameth-asone, 2 (40%) of them had threshold ROP. Among the 8 patients who had not yet completed antenatal IM dexamethasone, 6 (75%) patients had threshold ROP. All 13 infants were on oxygen therapy of different duration. Four infants had oxygen therapy for more than 100 days, and all 4 (100%) had threshold ROP. In 4 infants who had oxygen therapy for 50-99 days, 2 (50%) of them had threshold ROP. In the 5 other patients who had oxygen therapy less than 49 days, 2 (40%) had threshold ROP.

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Conclusions: Antenatal dexamethasone and judicious use of oxygen therapy may reduce the incidence and development of threshold ROP.

Poster No.: EX1-010Panel No.: 010, Session: EX1

Ocular Findings in an Infant with Severe Brain Damage from Abusive Head TraumaFirst Author: Ka Kin POONCo-Author(s): Wai Ho CHAN, Hilary K TSANG, Evan Po Fat YIUPurpose: To report ophthalmic findings and manage-ment of an infant suspected to have abusive head trauma (AHT).

Methods: This is a retrospective case report. Hospital records, clinical, and operative findings of a 5-month-old infant girl who suffered from suspected abusive head trauma with multiple systemic and ocular mor-bidities were reviewed and described. Literature review on ophthalmic manifestations of abusive head injury will be discussed.

Results: A 5-month-old infant presented with bilateral nonclearing dense vitreous haemorrhage with con-comitant severe brain damage requiring intubation and neonatal intensive care. Right eye lens sparing 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed with modified trocar insertion length. Intraoperative find-ings showed extensive retinal haemorrhage and pig-mentary retinal scarring and premacular fibrosis and scar in the right eye. Left eye developed rubeotic glau-coma and extensive retinal detachment in addition to nonclearing vitreous haemorrhage before operation. A 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed with lensectomy, membranectomy, and retinotomy. Howev-er, there was closed funnel combined rhegmatogenous and tractional detachment associated with retinal and subretinal haemorrhage which was not amenable to surgical repair.

Conclusions: Severe posterior segment complications characteristic of abusive head trauma were found in our patient. Visual prognosis is poor despite complicat-ed surgical interventions.

Poster No.: EX1-011Panel No.: 011, Session: EX1

Barriers and Facilitators for an Innovative School-Based Vision Screening Model in ChinaFirst Author: Chimei LIAOCo-Author(s): Mingguang HE, Ran LIU, Decai WANG, Liqiong XIEPurpose: School-based screening is a good way to

detect early vision dysfunctions. Although it has been proved that accurate screening could be achieved after brief training for teachers, its widespread acceptability, barriers, and facilitators for implementation are still unknown. This study aims to explore perceived barriers and facilitators in the school-based screening model in CHEER, a Seeing is Believing Phase V initiative in Shanxi, China with the mission to improve access to eye care for children.

Methods: A qualitative research approach using semi-structured interviews was conducted with stakeholders during screening site visits from December 2016 to January 2017: 8 hospital managers and 9 screening teachers. Common coding techniques and the constant comparative method were used in data analysis.

Results: Seven broad factors were drawn to classify the barriers and facilitators for implementation in China, which were as follows: (1) individual factors (eg, motivation, ability), (2) organizational influence on implementation (eg, expertise, facilities, organization-al turbulence, structure), (3) parents’ and children’s attitude and behavior (eg, awareness, perspectives of screening, compliance, behavioral routines), (4) eco-nomic and political support for execution (eg, policies, funding, profits), (5) a set of administrative variables (eg, attitude, resource, training), (6) the influence of social background (eg, culture of education, knowledge of eye disease), and (7) the use of online data manage-ment systems (eg, accessibility, usability, advantages in practice).

Conclusions: This study provided context for under-standing barriers and facilitators to implementing school-based screening in China. In addition, the study suggests possible elements for successful implementa-tion.

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Anisometropic Amblyopia in a Hydrocephalus ChildFirst Author: Kianti DARUSMANPurpose: To report a case of anisometropic amblyo-pia in a child with a history of hydrocephalus that was already treated with ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 3-year-old female was referred by a neu-rosurgeon with a history of shunt surgery at age 6 months for her hydrocephalus. Visual acuity was counting fingers at 1 m in the right eye and 6/12 in the left eye with a Kay picture chart at 6 m distance. No abnormalities on anterior segments. Cycloplegic refraction revealed high myopia in the right eye. No optic atrophies were found in both eyes. Full correction of spectacles was given and the child was seen again after 2 months. Compliance with spectacle wear was quite good. At follow-up visual acuity in the right eye improved to 6/60. Hydrocephalus in children has many etiologies and can cause ophthalmological abnormal-ities (refractive errors, strabismus, impaired depth perception, and simultaneous perception) and visual field constriction in up to 80% of cases and visual im-pairment in one third of cases. Though the most severe cases would cause optic atrophy and thus blindness, in cases with spared optic nerve, refractive errors were reported to be as high as 67%. Hyperopia and astig-matism were the most common; however, myopia and anisometropia have also been reported.

Conclusions: Ophthalmological abnormalities are com-mon in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. It is important to have preoperative and postoperative ophthalmology evaluation especially in a visually developing child.

A Report of Ocular and Central Nervous System Manifestations in Two Cases of Nevus Sebaceous SyndromeFirst Author: Chavisa BUNYAVEECo-Author(s): Thammanoon SURACHATKUMTONEKULPurpose: To report ocular and central nervous system manifestations in nevus sebaceous syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective review of the records of pa-tients with nevus sebaceous syndrome.

Results: Two cases of nevus sebaceous syndrome were included. Both patients presented with skin plaques and conjunctival mass since birth. The epibulbar mass was excised and the pathology revealed choristoma. Other ocular abnormalities were refractive error, cho-roidal osteoma, strabismus, and amblyopia. Arachnoid cyst and middle cerebral arterial vasculopathy were accidentally found from neuroimaging in 1 patient. Through several years of follow-up, no recurrent ocular

mass was identified and neurodevelopment was nor-mal.

Conclusions: Refractive error, conjunctival choristoma, choroidal osteoma, and strabismus can be found in ne-vus sebaceous syndrome. These ocular complications can lead to amblyopia. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography of the brain may be required to detect subtle abnormalities. Early diag-nosis and treatment improve quality of vision and life.

Bilateral Cicatricial Ectropion Secondary to Netherton SyndromeFirst Author: Ivan BAYWONGCo-Author(s): Roland TANPurpose: To report a case of a young female with bilat-eral cicatricial ectropion and generalized erythroderma with ulceration.

Methods: A 6-year-old female consulted for wounds in trunk and extremities extending to the head. She was treated for diarrhea 9 days prior in another hospital where she developed said wounds after receiving unre-called antibiotics. Wounds did not heal despite shifting antibiotics. The patient was referred to ophthalmology due to inability to fully close bilateral upper and lower eyelids. On further investigation, the patient started to have generalized skin desquamation and thickening with associated progressive bilateral eyelid eversion 3 years previously. Skin biopsy revealed granulomatous changes and the patient was managed as a case of ichthyosis vulgaris. The patient had unremarkable birth and family history with no history of allergies or atopic dermatitis.

Results: Examination revealed erythroderma with areas of ulceration, with thick honey-colored crusts. The triad of congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, trichorrhexis nodosa, and increased IgE levels led to the diagnosis of Netherton syndrome with overlying staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Stevens-John-son syndrome was initially considered due to onset of wound after antibiotic administration but skin swab culture revealed Staphylococcus infection.

Conclusions: Although lagophthalmos was large (10 mm) in both eyes, her Bell reflexes are good leading to only minimal corneal abrasion. Copious lubricants were used regularly and temporary bilateral lateral tarsorrhapy was done. However, due to the tension, tarsorrhapy only lasted for 2 days. An anterior lamellar reconstruction is being considered; however, we are still discussing where to obtain the skin graft.

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Congenital Cataract: Does It Make a Difference?First Author: Fiona Lee Min CHEWCo-Author(s): Suriya Eh QURUT, Izzaifa HASSAN, Jamalia RAHMAT, Sunder RAMASAMY, Lim See THENGPurpose: Congenital cataracts are considered more amblyogenic compared to other causes of cataract in the paediatric age group. This study aimed to compare demographic and ophthalmological outcomes of con-genital cataract surgery against other causes of cataract in the paediatric age group.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed pre- and postoperative medical records of children aged 19 years and below who underwent cataract surgery from 2014 to 2015 in a tertiary ophthalmic referral center. The children were excluded if they had less than 6 months of postoperative ophthalmological follow-up and if they had combination cataract surgery. The children were divided into 2 groups, which were the congenital cataract (CC) group and the other cataract causes (OC) group.

Results: Forty-one children were recruited for the CC group and 20 children were assigned to the OC group. Both groups had similar distribution of gender and ethnicity. The CC group was significantly younger at first ophthalmological presentation [odds ratio (OR) = 0.980, P = 0.001] and had a higher proportion of med-ical illness (OR = 3.81, P = 0.037). Children in the CC group were more likely to have bilateral cataracts (OR = 7.23, P = 0.003). Preoperative visual acuity (VA) (OR = 0.287, P = 0.001) of the CC group was poorer. The age at cataract surgery was younger (OR = 1.09, P = 0.043) in the CC group. Both groups had similar mean dura-tion of follow-up and postoperative complication rates. There was no significant difference between the mean postoperative VA of both groups.

Conclusions: Our study findings showed that congen-ital cataracts had comparable postoperative visual outcomes to other causes of paediatric cataract

Cyclic Esotropia: Surgical Approach and Outcome in a 4-Year-Old GirlFirst Author: Quazi IFTEKHARCo-Author(s): Tarikul AHASAN, Mohammad Mostafa HOSSAIN, Mastura KHATUN, Shifat TOUFIQPurpose: To describe the surgical outcome of bilateral medial rectus recession in cyclic esotropia, which is the first surgical approach for the 17th such diagnosed case in our department.

Methods: We report a 4-year-old girl presenting with alternate day inward deviation for the past 2 months. No other pathological findings were detected. After ruling out accommodative causes and confirming the

cyclic nature of disease by admitting the patient for consecutive 3 days, we performed 4 mm bilateral me-dial rectus recession.

Results: On the first postoperative day and after 1month follow-up no deviation was noted. There was no history of deviation at home also.

Conclusions: Though it is a rare form of strabismus, we have reported 17 other similar cases; however, this surgical approach was attempted for first time for this patient. As we have seen good results, the need for surgical correction in other patients is noted and will be followed in due course and evaluated.

Demographic and Clinical Profile of Retinoblastoma Patients in Northern Luzon, PhilippinesFirst Author: Roland TANCo-Author(s): Marie Christine MARCELO-TANPurpose: Retinoblastoma is common among Filipinos but there are no data on its prevalence and patient profile in the country, let alone in Northern Luzon. This is part of an initiative to obtain much needed national data by using data from retinoblastoma patients seen in Baguio General Hospital (BGH), a hospital that caters to locals of Northern Luzon.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who consulted for leukocoria, strabismus, and intraocular tumor/mass in BGH from January 2005 to May 2017 was done.

Results: Thirty-five patients involving 41 eyes were included. Calculated prevalence in the 8 provinces is 6 per 1,000,000 population. Twenty (83%) had unilat-eral involvement while 6 had bilateral. Mean overall age at consult was 25 ± 18 months and mean overall delay from onset of initial symptoms to consult was 9 ± 8 months. Patients with bilateral disease were seen earlier than those with unilateral disease. Leukocoria (51%) remained the most common presenting symp-tom. The International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS) was utilized to classify cases. A total of 26% had completely resected retinoblastoma, 27% extraocular, and 15% with brain metastasis. A total of 32% could not be classified.

Conclusions: Prevalence and profile of retinoblastoma patients in Northern Luzon was determined, which can be used in building a national database of retinoblas-toma. Forty-one cases were identified, almost a third of 152 cases seen by Noguerra et al in Philippine Gen-eral Hospital in 10 years, a recent study with the most number of Filipino patients included. Even though the most common presenting symptom is easily discernible (leukocoria), there is still significant delay in consult.

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Intraocular Medulloepithelioma Resembling a Persistent Fetal VasculatureFirst Author: Roland TANCo-Author(s): Khrista ABESAMIS, Eulina LAGDAO, Darby SANTIAGOPurpose: To report a case of a 1-month old boy with new onset leukocoria of the right eye.

Methods: Case report.

Results: An elevated white mass in the temporal retro-lental space of the right eye was seen on dilated exam-ination. Orbital CT showed an ill-defined density with nodular enhancements in the right lateral aspect of a small right globe with no calcifications. On follow-up after a month, mass increased in size occupying the whole retrolental area. Right anterior chamber was shallow and right globe was hard. Orbital MRI revealed a linear retrolental lesion extending from the posterior surface of the lens to the optic nerve. Enucleation was done. A 15x5 mm cream to gray-white fibrous mass was seen directly behind the lens. It was lined with pseudostratified neuroepithelium in tubular and pali-sading patterns, sheets and rosettes made of uniformly small, round cells with vesicular chromatin pattern, and eosinophilic and fair cytoplasm. Intraocular optic nerve was surrounded by these cells. No patent hyaloid artery was seen.

Conclusions: This is a case of a rapidly growing ret-rolental mass, extending to the optic nerve in a small globe, mimicking a persistent fetal vasculature. Histo-pathological description of the mass resembles that of a medulloepithelioma. Intraocular medulloepithelioma is a rare tumor arising from nonpigmented ciliary epi-thelium in individuals aged 2 months to 41 years where a quarter of the patients had persistent hyaloid artery. To our knowledge, this is the youngest case of intraocu-lar medulloepithelioma with this unusual presentation.

Long-Term Visual and Functional Outcomes of Congenital and Developmental Cataract in Hong Kong Kowloon West Cluster: A ReviewFirst Author: Wai Lok CHANPurpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term visual and functional outcomes of pediatric cataract extraction in the cluster.

Methods: Thirty eyes of 20 patients (10 bilateral and 10 unilateral) aged from 1 month to 14 years old with congenital or developmental cataract extraction per-formed in Kowloon West Cluster, Hong Kong, between January 1, 2001 and December 30, 2011 were included in this retrospective study. Patients’ demographics, cat-aract type, surgical interventions, postoperative visual acuity, and complications were recorded.

Results: Primary intraocular lens implantation into the posterior chamber was performed in 20 eyes (66.7%), and 10 (33.3%) were left aphakic after cataract ex-traction. Among the 10 cases, 5 had secondary im-plantation of intraocular lens into the sulcus and 1 had scleral-fixated intraocular lens implanted. The mean follow-up duration was 8.5 years. At the last follow-up, visual acuity of logMAR >0.5 was achieved in 12 cases (40%), all of which had undergone cataract extraction and primary implantation of intraocular lens into the posterior chamber. The most common postoperative complication was posterior capsule opacification, occurring in 14 cases (46.7%), and all required sub-sequent capsulotomy. Eight cases (26.7%) developed glaucoma, and 1 case (3.3%) developed sensory exo-tropia.

Conclusions: The long-term postoperative outcomes appear promising with significant visual potential main-tained. Posterior capsule opacification accounts for the commonest postoperative complication.

Membranous Congenital Cataract with Partial Absorption in Congenital Rubella SyndromeFirst Author: Ni Made Ayu SURASMIATIPurpose: Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a con-dition due to maternal rubella virus infection. Rubella infection has an extensive manifestation both in the eye and systemic. Cataract is one of the most frequent manifestations of CRS, although membranous cataract and its absorption are rare. We report a case of CRS presenting with membranous cataract that was partial-ly absorbed at the time of presentation.

Methods: A case report of 5-month-old boy who presented with nystagmus, microcornea, leukocoria, and pinpoint pupils with negative pupil reflexes; USG examination supported the existence of a lens with membranous echo and microphthalmia. We planned evaluation under anesthesia, followed by pupiloplasty and cataract extraction.

Results: Examination under anesthesia revealed a membranous cataract with partial absorption. Pupilo-plasty and cataract extraction were done. Follow-up ex-amination showed esotropia, which indicated amblyo-pia. Management continued with spectacles to prevent further amblyopia.

Conclusions: Cataract in CRS can manifest as a mem-branous form due to its partial absorption. Surgical procedure for cataract, although very challenging, followed by visual rehabilitation will help to achieve a better visual outcome.

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Optical Coherence Tomography in Children with Refractive ErrorFirst Author: Cheryl NGOPurpose: To study the distribution of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness and peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in children with refractive errors.

Methods: Two hundred forty-three healthy eyes from 139 children with refractive error ranging from -10.00 diopters (D) to +5.00 D were recruited. After a compre-hensive ocular examination, refraction and axial length (AL) measurement (IOLMaster, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin), macular GC-IPL, and RNFL thickness values were obtained with a spectral domain Cirrus high-defi-nition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin). Only scans with signal strength greater than 6/10 were included. Correlation between variables was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. A multivariate analysis using mixed models was done to adjust for confounders.

Results: The mean spherical equivalent (SER) was -3.20 ± 3.51 D and mean AL was 24.39 ± 1.72 mm. Average, minimum, superior, and inferior GC-IPL were 82.59 ± 6.29, 77.17 ± 9.65, 83.68 ± 6.96, and 81.64 ± 6.70 μm, respectively. Average, superior, and inferior peripap-illary RNFL were 99.00 ± 11.45, 123.20 ± 25.81, and 124.24 ± 22.23 μm, respectively. Average, superior, and inferior GC-IPL were correlated with AL (β = -2.056, P = 0.000; β = -2.383, P = 0.000; β = -1.721, P = 0.000), but minimum GC-IPL was not (β = -1.056, P = 0.115). None of the RNFL parameters were correlated with AL.

Conclusions: This study establishes normative macular GC-IPL and RNFL thickness in children with refractive errors. Amongst all GC-IPL parameters, minimum GC-IPL thickness remained uninfluenced by AL and myo-pia, which makes it a robust and consistent predictor of glaucoma in children with refractive error.

Orbital Manifestation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child: A Diagnostic DilemmaFirst Author: Chai Keong TANCo-Author(s): Hussein ADIL, Musa Ahmad TARMIZI, Nor Hayati OTHMAN, Ismail SHATRIAHPurpose: To describe a case of Langerhans cell his-tiocytosis in a young child, who presented with right superolateral orbital swelling and proptosis. The swell-ing was treated initially as subcutaneous abscess with systemic antibiotic and it responded partially. In the end, diagnosis was made following orbital imaging and excisional biopsy of the swelling.

Methods: A case report.

Results: A 6-month-old boy presented with right su-perolateral orbital swelling, which was increasing in size for 1 week’s duration. The parents noticed the child had low grade fever and watery eye. Examination revealed a nontender, firm, well defined, immobile mass measuring 2 cm x 3 cm. It was nontender and there were no skin changes. Ocular examination was remarkable. The child was treated as subcutaneous abscess and was given syrup antibiotic. The mass was partially subsided and reduced in size 3 days following consumption of syrup. However, at the end of 1 week, the child was noted to have proptosis and hypotropia. Orbital and brain imaging yielded homogeneously enhancing soft tissue lesion and lytic bone lesion ad-jacent to the mass. Excisional biopsy was carried out and histopathological examination showed Langerhans cell infiltrate positive for S100 and CD1a. Diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis was made.

Conclusions: Langerhans cell histiocytosis, though rare, should be considered in patients presenting with orbit-al swelling and proptosis. Orbital imaging and biopsy provide early certain diagnosis and will aid in treat-ment to avoid late complications of the disease.

Success Rate of Probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children Under 5 Years of AgeFirst Author: Krytha TORCo-Author(s): Sophal HENGPurpose: To determine the success rate of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in various age groups under 5 years old at Takeo Eye Hos-pital, Takeo Province, Cambodia from January 1, 2013 to May 31, 2017.

Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 41 children (50 eyes) aged 4 to 59 months diagnosed with CNLDO divided into 5 groups: group 1, infants 4-6 months of age; group 2, infants from 7 to 12 months; group 3, toddlers 13-24 months of age; group 4, old-er toddlers 25-36 months old; group 5, children from 37-59 months. Probing was performed under general anesthesia in all subjects. All patients were followed at regular intervals up to 6 weeks postoperatively. Suc-cessful probing was documented as complete remis-sion of symptoms 2 weeks following the procedure.

Results: The success rate of probing was 100% (3 eyes) in group 1, 88.89% (16 eyes) in group 2, 81.25% (13 eyes) in group 3, 66.67% (6 eyes) in group 4, and 25% (1 eye) in group 5; the overall success rate was 72% (39 eyes).

Conclusions: Probing of the nasolacrimal duct under general anesthesia is a safe and viable option as a pri-mary treatment modality for CNLDO. The success rate decreases with increasing age.

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The Relationship Between Epiblepharon and AmbylopiaFirst Author: Chen Hsin SUNCo-Author(s): Cheryl NGOPurpose: To study the prevalence of refractive error, anisometropia, and amblyopia among patients with significant epiblepharon who underwent correction surgery.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery for epiblepharon at the National University Hospital, Singapore from January 1, 2013 to June 31, 2017. Demographic data, visual acuity, refractive error, and presence of amblyopia were recorded.

Results: A total of 146 eyes of 73 patients were included in this study. Average age when the surgery was performed was 12 ± 6.7 years old. Seventy percent of patients had manifest or cycloplegic refraction done, among them 40% had myopia ≥1 diopter (D) and 44% had astigmatism ≥1 D. The mean spherical refractive error was -2 D and the mean astigmatism was -1.4 D. All (100%) cases of astigmatism were with-the-rule. There were 12 patients (16%) with anisometropia of >2 D spherical equivalent. There were 7 patients (9.6%) with amblyopia; 4 of the 7 patients with amblyopia had anisometropia.

Conclusions: Among patients who had epiblepharon correction surgery, 9% had amblyopia and 16% of the patients had anisometropia, which occurred in more than half of the cases with amblyopia. This study concurred with the findings from a previous study done 10 years ago at the same center. Pediatricians and general ophthalmologists should be aware of the risk of amblyopia in patients with epiblepharon.

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Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Assessment and Surgical Management of Posttraumatic Paediatric CataractFirst Author: Pulak AGARWALPurpose: To establish the definitive role of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in preoperative assessment of posttraumatic paediatric cataract and define a proper surgical technique for management of such cases.

Methods: Preoperative UBM was done and findings documented. Three micro vitreoretinal (MVR) entries were made at 10, 2, and 12 o’clock. Anterior capsulorrhexis was performed. Intralenticular mechanical dissection was done. Lens was aspirated using bimanual with low machine settings. Posterior capsule (PC) rupture was noted with hyaloid fibrosed and stuck to edges of the rupture. Limited anterior vitrectomy was done and multipiece intraocular lens (IOL) put in bag.

Results: UBM findings were deep anterior chamber, thin lens due to partial absorption, flat anterior capsule as opposed to usual dome shaped, hyperreflective fibrotic content between anterior and posterior capsule, and loss of continuity of posterior capsule suggesting PC rupture. Postoperatively lens was well centered and stable, and there was good glow on distant direct ophthalmoscopy.

Conclusions: UBM helps in detecting the subtle signs of trauma with preoperative planning of surgical management. The surgical technique proposed gives good postoperative results.

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AKhrista ABESAMIS 40, 56

Hussein ADIL 40, 57

Pulak AGARWAL 41, 59

Tarikul AHASAN 40, 55

Hyosook AHN 15, 35

Deborah ALCORN 37

Fithria ALDY 34

Kazi Shabbir ANWAR 35

BNafees BAIG 33

Julie BARLIANA 37, 47

Ivan BAYWONG 40, 54

Vishaal BHAMBHWANI 35, 38, 44, 48

Yogolelo BIENVENU 39, 51

Ronald BIERNACKI 15, 36

Erick BOTHUN 37

Chavisa BUNYAVEE 40, 54

CCarmen CHAN 36

Errol CHAN 48

Kam Chuen CHAN 38, 44

Wai Ho CHAN 10, 39, 53

Wai Lok CHAN 40, 56

Waiho CHAN 34

Caroline CHEE 48

Haoyu CHEN 36

Ching-Yu CHENG 36

Erica Kueh Yee CHENG 47

Hui-Chen CHENG 15, 35

Carol CHEUNG 42

Gemmy CHEUNG 15, 36

Fiona Lee Min CHEW 40, 55

Frenchy CHIU 14, 15, 35

Ayoung CHOI 38, 43

Heeyoung CHOI 39, 50, 51

Gabriela CHONG 15, 35

Sze-Lok Gabriela CHONG 15, 35

May May CHOO 46

Yao Mun CHOO 46

Pak-Chin CHOW 10

Sanjoy CHOWDHURY 46, 48

Stephen CHRISTIANSEN 34

Ben CHU 12, 38

Wai Kit CHU 37

DShuan DAI 14, 15, 35, 37, 44, 48

Kianti DARUSMAN 40, 54

Anthony Vipin DAS 37

Monte DEL MONTE 15, 36

Seiha DO 39, 50

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EJames ELDER 14, 15, 35, 37

Zunaina EMBONG 39, 52

Dian ESTU 47

FDorothy FAN 10, 12, 38, 42

Sonal FARZAVANDI 10, 17, 34, 35

GRosario GOMEZ DE LIANO 36

David GRANET 10

HChheng Y HAM 39, 50, 51

Izzaifa HASSAN 40, 55

Cao HE 38, 43, 45

Mingguang HE 39, 53

Sophal HENG 31, 39, 40, 50, 51, 57

Assunta HO 36

Charmaine HON 12, 38

Mohammad Mostafa HOSSAIN 40, 45, 55

Pam HUSTON 15, 36

IQuazi IFTEKHAR 40, 55

Quazi Sazzad IFTEKHAR 38, 45

Zafar IQBAL 38, 45, 49

Ziyavuddin ISLAMOV 43

Shatriah ISMAIL 39, 47, 52

JJorie JACKSON 35

Saurabh JAIN 34

Hyeshin JEON 39, 50, 51

Yonghong JIAO 38, 43, 44

KDurdona KALANKHODJAEVA 38

Tengku Ain KAMALDEN 46

Azanna Ahmad KAMAR 46

Nurliza KHALIDDIN 46

Mastura KHATUN 40, 55

Vikas KHETAN 36

Sudarshan KHOKHAR 15, 37

Hyuna KIM 34

Simon KO 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 14, 15

Rachna Vinaya KUMAR 38, 46

Govindasamy KUMARAMANICKAVEL 35, 36, 37

Sneha KUMARI 38, 46, 48

LEulina LAGDAO 40, 56

Connie LAI 12, 37

Jimmy LAI 1, 7, 10

Tracy LAI 13, 38, 46

Carol LAM 13, 15, 34

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Janice LAM 38, 48

Nai-Man LAM 10

Wai-Ching LAM 10, 35, 36, 37, 42

Scott LARSON 10, 15, 33, 36, 37

Flora LAU 14, 38

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Seo Wei LEO 37

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Jian Hong LIANG 36

Chimei LIAO 39, 53

Gek Hsiang LIM 48

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Abbie LUK 13, 36, 39, 51

MMarie Christine MARCELO-TAN 40, 55

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Cheryl MCCARUS 36

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NJoan NG 10, 38

Cheryl NGO 38, 40, 57, 58

Ken NISCHAL 10, 33, 37

OChristine ONG 31, 38, 46

Seyhan OZKAN 11, 33, 34

PCalvin PANG 11, 37

Zoran PEJIC 35

Ka Kin POON 53

QBoon-Long QUAH 37

Suriya Eh QURUT 40, 55

RJamalia RAHMAT 40, 55

Sunder RAMASAMY 40, 55

Kekunnaya RAMESH 37

Monika RATNASARI 39, 50

Kathryn ROSE 37

SDarby SANTIAGO 40, 56

Miho SATO 14, 17

Rianto SETIABUDY 39, 50

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Asri SETIAWATI 38, 47

Ismail SHATRIAH 40, 57

Brian Bing-Herng SHEN 15, 35

Sunny SHEN 35

Chai SIANG 38, 47

Kyu Young SIM 43

Rita SITORUS 14, 15, 36, 37, 47

John SLOPER 11, 33, 34

Derek SPRUNGER 11

Dadeya SUBHASH 15, 34, 36

Chen Hsin SUN 40, 58

Gangadhara SUNDAR 48

Thammanoon SURACHATKUMTONEKUL 40, 54

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Thandalam SURENDRAN 15, 35, 36, 37

Meenakshi SWAMINATHAN 37

TJonathan Yu Ping TAM 39, 51

Chai Keong TAN 40, 57

Roland TAN 40, 54, 55, 56

Radhika TANDON 37

Musa Ahmad TARMIZI 40, 57

Khairy Shamel Sonny TEO 39

Clement THAM 1, 11, 33

Lim See THENG 40, 55

Dominique THOUVENIN 34

Oo Kok TIAN 39, 52

David TIEN 15, 36

Chris TIMMS 34, 35

Chi-Ho TO 36, 37

Krytha TOR 40, 57

Shifat TOUFIQ 40, 55

Sharon TOW 15, 35

Hilary K TSANG 39, 53

Susanna TSANG 13

Agnes TSE 11, 38

Nai Shun TSOI 35

VAnand VINEKAR 36

WAn-Guor WANG 14, 15, 17, 34

Decai WANG 39, 53

Serena WANG 37

Indah S WIDYAHENING 39, 50

Chee Wai WONG 15, 35

Inez WONG 37, 38

Mandy WONG 33

Patrick WU 12, 34

Wei Chi WU 15, 35

XLiqiong XIE 39, 53

Yu XU 37

YJason YAM 1, 2, 3, 5, 12, 15, 17, 30

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