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$. $. $. $. $. $. Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage: 2009. September 2010. U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. Resources for Today’s News Conference. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics AdministrationU.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage: 2009
September 2010
Resources for Today’s News ConferenceCome to www.census.gov and click on the icon at top left corner to obtain –
• Today’s PowerPoint and Script• News Release• Findings at a Glance Summary• Analytical Report and Links to Detailed Tables• Fact Sheets on Income, Poverty and Health Insurance• Links to the First of Three Blogs on These Topics
1
• Median household money income for the nation was $49,800 in 2009, not statistically different from the 2008 median.
• The 2009 official poverty rate for the nation was 14.3 percent, up from 13.2 percent in 2008, with 43.6 million people in poverty, an increase of 3.7 million since 2008.
• Real median earnings of both men and women who worked full-time, year-round increased between 2008 and 2009. The female-to-male earnings ratio was 77 percent in 2009, not statistically different from the 2008 ratio.
• The percentage of people without health insurance coverage increased to 16.7 percent in 2009 from 15.4 percent in 2008. The number of uninsured increased to 50.7 million in 2009 from 46.3 million in 2008.
Note: Income rounded to nearest $100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Highlights
2
Real Median Household Income: 1967 to 2009
Note: Income rounded to nearest $100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
$49,800
RecessionIncome in thousands (2009 dollars)60
45
30
15
0
$40,100
50
40
30
20
10
0
Poverty: 1959 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
14.3%
43.6 million
RecessionNumbers in millions, rates in percent
1959 1966 1973 1980 1987 1994 2001 2009
Poverty rate
Number in poverty
22.4%
39.5 million
3
196
196
197
197
197
197
197
198
198
198
198
198
199
199
199
199
199
200
200
200
200
No statistical change
No statistical change
4
Real Median Household Income and Poverty Rate: 1967 to 2009
Change surrounding recession. Poverty expressed as percentage point change. Income expressed as percentage change.Income rounded to nearest $100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionIncome in thousands (2009 dollars), rates in percent
- 4.2%
-1.7% - 5.7% - 6.0%- 4.2%
- 3.5%
60
45
30
15
0
Real median household income
Poverty rate
$49,800$40,100
14.3%14.2%
+1.9+1.2 +3.9 +1.2
1960 1966 1972 1978 1984 1990 1996 2002 2009
5
Women’s-to-Men’s Median Earnings Ratio and Real Median Earnings: 1960 to 2009(Full-time, year-round workers)
Note: Income rounded to nearest $100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1961 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Recession
77%
$47,100
$36,300
Earnings in thousands (2009 dollars), ratio in percent
Women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio
Earnings of men
Earnings of women
61%
$20,600
$34,000
80
60
40
20
0
Percentage of People Without Health Insurance Coverage: 1987 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2009
Percent Recession
16.7%
12.9%
All people
Children
10.0%12.9%
20
15
10
5
0
6
Number of People Without Health Insurance Coverage: 1987 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Numbers in millions Recession
1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2009
7.5 million
8.2 million
31.0 million
Children
All people
50.7 million
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7
Percentage Change in Real Median Household Income by Age of Householder: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
No statistical change
15 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years years old years old years old years old years old and older
2009
2008
-4.4%
-2.0%
-2.6%
No statisticalchange
+5.8%
Income in thousands (2009 dollars)80
60
40
20
0
8
Percentage Change in Real Median Household Income by Number of Earners: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
No earners Two or more earners One earner
+5.2%
+1.3%
No statistical change
100
80
60
40
20
0
2009
2008Income in thousands (2009 dollars)
9
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
All male workers
Females,full-timeyear-round
All female workers
Males,full-time year-round
Total and Full-Time Year-Round Workers With Earnings by Sex: 1967 to 2009
RecessionNumbers in millions
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. 10
53.2
81.9
73.0
56.1
43.236.6
34.4
14.8
Males, full-timeyear-round
All male workers
Females, full-time year-round
All female workers
Note: Income rounded to the nearest 100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1961 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Recession60
50
40
30
20
10
01960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2009
Real Median Earnings of Total Workers and Full-Time, Year-Round Workers by Sex : 1960 to 2009
Earnings in thousands (2009 dollars)
$26,000
$36,300$36,300
$47,100$34,000
$28,500
$20,600
$11,600
11
Household Income at Selected Percentiles: 1967 to 2009
Note: Income rounded to nearest $100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
$137,600
RecessionIncome in thousands (2009 dollars)
$49,800
$12,100
$84,400
$9,200
$40,100
10th
50th (median)
90th
150
120
90
60
30
0
12
0.370
Equivalence-adjusted income
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Gini Index of Equivalence-Adjusted Income and Money Income: 1967 to 2009
0.3970.468
RecessionGini Index
13
0.458Money income
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
60
45
30
15
0
Poverty Rates by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1959 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionPercent
1959 1966 1973 1980 1987 1994 2001 2009
12.5%
25.8%25.3%
9.4%
55.1%
22.8%16.1%
7.5% White, not Hispanic
Hispanic (any race) Asian
Black
14
50
40
30
20
10
0
Poverty Rates by Age: 1959 to 2009
Note: Data from 1960 to 1965 available only for people under 18 years old.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionPercent
1959 1966 1973 1980 1987 1994 2001 2009
18 to 64 years old
Under 18 years old
17.0%
27.3%
35.2%
65 years and older
12.9%
20.7%
8.9%
15
Children with Income Below Specified Ratio of Their Poverty Threshold: 1980 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1981 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Percent of all children
50% to 99% of poverty threshold
100
80
60
40
20
01980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2009
Below 50% of poverty threshold
100% to 199% of poverty threshold
200% to 399% of poverty threshold
At or above 400% of poverty threshold
21.5%
30.4%
27.3%
11.4% 9.3%
24.0%
41.1%
16.6%
6.9% 11.4%
16
Poverty Rates for Families with Related Children Under 18 by Family Type: 1959 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionPercent
38.5%
8.3%
59.9%
6.0%
Married-couple families
Female householder, no husband present
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
17
Evidence of “Doubling Up” in Response to the Economic Downturn: 2008 CPS compared to 2010 CPS
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2008 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. Note that while the CPS ASEC estimates poverty and income for the previous calendar year, household composition is measured at the time of the survey
Multifamily Households Aged 25 to 34 Living withParents
Related Subfamilies
+11.6%
+11.4%
16
12
8
4
0
2010 CPS
2008 CPS
Numbers in millions
18
+8.4%
• Interagency Technical Working Group on Developing a Supplemental Poverty Measure – OMB Chief Statistician• March 2010 road map/Federal register notice• First estimates will be released in September 2011• Will supplement, not replace, the official measure• Will not be used for eligibility determinations
• Thresholds derived by BLS from Consumer Expenditure data• Separate thresholds for renters, owners with and without
mortgages• Adjusted for geographic differences in housing costs
• Resource measure – money income• PLUS tax credits, nutritional, housing and energy assistance• MINUS child support paid, child care paid, other work
expenses, taxes, medical out of pocket expenditures
Supplemental Poverty Measure
19
Change in the Number of People Below Their Poverty Threshold Using Alternative Resource Measures: 2009
Alternative resource measures All peopleChildren under 18
Adults 18-64
Adults 65 and older
Money income plus cash value of SNAP* benefits -3.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.2
Money income after income and payroll taxes -4.2 -2.9 -1.2 +0.03
Money income less Unemployment Insurance Benefits
+3.3 +1.0 +2.3 +0.1
Money income less Social Security income +20.5 +1.1 +5.4 +14.0
*Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formally food stamps)Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Unpublished data.
Numbers in millions
20
Change in the Number of People Below Their Poverty Threshold Using Alternative Resource Measures: 2009
Alternative resource measures All peopleChildren under 18
Adults 18-64
Adults 65 and older
Money income plus cash value of SNAP* benefits -3.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.2
Money income after income and payroll taxes -4.2 -2.9 -1.2 +0.03
Money income less Unemployment Insurance Benefits
+3.3 +1.0 +2.3 +0.1
Money income less Social Security income +20.5 +1.1 +5.4 +14.0
*Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formally food stamps)Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Unpublished data.
Numbers in millions
20
Change in the Number of People Below Their Poverty Threshold Using Alternative Resource Measures: 2009
Alternative resource measures All peopleChildren under 18
Adults 18-64
Adults 65 and older
Money income plus cash value of SNAP* benefits -3.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.2
Money income after income and payroll taxes -4.2 -2.9 -1.2 +0.03
Money income less Unemployment Insurance Benefits
+3.3 +1.0 +2.3 +0.1
Money income less Social Security income +20.5 +1.1 +5.4 +14.0
*Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formally food stamps)Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Unpublished data.
Numbers in millions
20
Change in the Number of People Below Their Poverty Threshold Using Alternative Resource Measures: 2009
Alternative resource measures All peopleChildren under 18
Adults 18-64
Adults 65 and older
Money income plus cash value of SNAP* benefits -3.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.2
Money income after income and payroll taxes -4.2 -2.9 -1.2 +0.03
Money income less Unemployment Insurance Benefits
+3.3 +1.0 +2.3 +0.1
Money income less Social Security income +20.5 +1.1 +5.4 +14.0
*Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formally food stamps)Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Unpublished data.
Numbers in millions
20
Percent
16.7%
30.6%
55.8%63.9%
75.5%
Government coverage
Employment-based coverage
Any private coverageRecession
62.1%
12.9%
23.3%
Uninsured rate
Note: The estimates by type of coverage are not mutually exclusive.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Percentage of People by Type of Health Insurance Coverage: 1987 to 2009
80
60
40
20
0
1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2009
21
Under 18 18 to 64 years old
18 to 24 years old
25 to 34 years old
35 to 44 years old
45 to 64 years old
65 years and older
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35Percent
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Percentage Point Change in Uninsured Rates by Age: 2008 and 2009
2008 2009
No statistical change
+2.0
+1.9 +2.6
+2.2
+1.7
Nostatistical change
22
Less than $25,000 $25,000 to $49,999 $50,000 to $74,999 $75,000 or more0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Percentage Point Change in Uninsured Rates by Household Income: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Percent 2008 2009
+2.1
No statistical change
+2.1
+0.9
23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 Percent
9.1%
16.0%
21.4%
26.6%24.8%
$50,000 to $74,999
$25,000 to $49,999
Less than $25,000
Recession
16.7%
5.3%
8.9%
$75,000 and over
Note: Income in 2009 dollars.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Uninsured Rates for All People by Household Income: 1987 to 2009
1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2009
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 Percent
5.4%
10.0%13.8%14.6%
26.1%
$50,000 to $74,999
$25,000 to $49,999
Less than $25,000
Recession
18.3%
3.7%
7.2%
$75,000 and over
Note: Income in 2009 dollars.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Uninsured Rates for Children by Household Income: 1987 to 2009
1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2009
25
Percentage Point Change in Uninsured Workers: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
All workers
Worked full-time, year-round
Not full-time, year-round
+1.4%
+0.6%
2008 2009Percent
26
+2.7%
Upcoming Releases• September 28, 2010
– 2009 American Community Survey (ACS) one-year estimates for income, poverty, and health insurance coverage for all states and places with a population of 65,000 or more
• December 2010– 2009 ACS five-year estimates from 2005-2009 for income and
poverty for places down to the census tract level– 2009 Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) of
poverty and median household income for counties and school-age poverty for school districts
27
Population Data Sets Scheduled for Release December 2010
• First 2010 Census data: state population counts and congressional apportionment figures for states
• National population estimates based on demographic analysis of vital registration, immigration and emigration data, with age, sex and some race detail
28
U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics AdministrationU.S. CENSUS BUREAU
For additional questions, contact:Public Information Office
301-763-3030
www.census.govFor data and reports, visit:
29
Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage: 2009
U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics AdministrationU.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Additional slides
29
Percentage Change in Real Median Household Income by Age of Householder: 2007 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2008 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
-4.0%
15 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years years old years old years old years old years old and older
2009
2007
-6.5%
-4.9%
-5.0%-5.2%
+7.1%
Income in thousands (2009 dollars)80
60
40
20
0
31
RecessionIncome in thousands (2009 dollars)
Asian $65,500
$38,000$32,600
$54,500
Black
Hispanic (any race)
White, not Hispanic
Note: Income rounded to nearest $100.Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
12
Median Household Income by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1967 to 2009 75
60
45
30
15
0
$58,200
$47,300
$35,200
$24,300
Median Household Income by Nativity: 1994 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1995 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionIncome in thousands (2009 dollars)60
45
30
15
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2009
$50,500$49,800
$52,000$53,900
$46,200
$47,000Native born
Total households
Naturalized citizen
Not a citizen$33,800 $36,100
32
No earners One earner Two or more earners0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Percentage Point Change in Percentage of Households by Number of Earners: 2008 and 2009
2008 2009
+1.0
-1.3
+0.3
33
Percent
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Income in thousands (2009 dollars)
Mean Income of Households in the Middle Quintile with Householder Age 65 and Older by Income Source: 2008 and 2009
2008 2009
34
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0Total Earnings Dividend Interest Retirement Public
AssistanceSelf Employment
Supplemental Security Income
Social Security
Survivor Income
Mean Income of Households with Householders Age 65 and Older by Income Source: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Income in thousands (2009 dollars) 2008 2009
35
Total Earnings Dividend Interest Retirement Public Assistance
Self Employment
Supplemental Security Income
Social Security
Survivor Income
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Mean Income of Households with Householders Under Age 65 by Income Source: 2008 and 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Income in thousands (2009 dollars) 2008 2009
36
Total Earnings Dividend Interest Retirement Public Assistance
Self Employment
Supplemental Security Income
Social Security
Survivor Income
Poverty Rates by Nativity: 1993 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1994 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Recession
Percent
25.1%
14.3%13.7%
15.1%Native bornAll people
Not a citizen
28.7%
10.8%Naturalized citizen10.1%
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 20090
5
10
15
20
25
30
14.4%
37
50
40
30
20
10
0
Children in Poverty by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1974 to 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1975 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
RecessionPercent
1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009
14.0%
35.7%33.1%
11.9%
39.8%
30.2%
23.5%
9.5% White, not Hispanic
Hispanic (any race)
Asian
Black
38
Evidence of “Doubling Up” in Response to the Economic Downturn: 2009 Poverty Rates
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2008 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
17.1%
8.5%
44.2% 42.8%
Related Subfamilies Aged 25 to 34 Living with Parents
40
30
20
10
0
Poverty Rate using Own Income
Official Poverty Rate
Percent below poverty threshold
Extra
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1988 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Uninsured Children by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1987 to 2009
39
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Hispanic (any race)
Other race
Asian, not HispanicBlack, not Hispanic
White, not Hispanic
23.7%38.1%
3.2%
1.5%
3.2%
2.2%
16.1%
19.7%
38.3%52.9%
2009
Percent of all uninsured children100
80
60
40
20
0
Nativity and Citizenship Status of the Uninsured: 2009
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement.
All uninsured children
All children
All uninsured people
All people
0 20 40 60 80 100
87.6%
74.4%
96.3%
89.8%
5.3%
19.6%
2.9%
9.4%
0.8%
0.7%
6.0%
7.1%
PercentNative Born Citizen
Naturalized Citizen
Not a Citizen
40
Income Distribution of the Uninsured: 1999 to 2009
Note: Income in 2009 dollarsSource: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2000 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. 41
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Percent
$75,000 or more
$50,000 to $74,999
$25,000 to $49,999
Less than $25,000
12.4%
14.5%
33.8%
39.3%
20.8%
18.5%
30.1%
30.6%
100
80
60
40
20
0
Income Distribution of Uninsured Children: 1999 to 2009
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Percent
$75,000 or more
$50,000 to $74,999
$25,000 to $49,999
Less than $25,000 29.0%
31.5%
18.9%
20.6%
40.5%
35.3%
13.0%
11.2%
Note: Income in 2009 dollarsSource: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2000 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. 42
100
80
60
40
20
0