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8/6/2019 Income Tax & The American War Debt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/income-tax-the-american-war-debt 1/2
Aug 11, 2011
Income Tax & The American War Debt
Income tax in America was first tried during the revolutionary period and then again after the Civil
War broke out – well, they had to pay the troops somehow. That taxation did not last long and was
quickly repealed. Congress was an exclusive club for wealthy landowners mostly and you have to
wonder why Congress gentlemen of the time repealed income tax so quickly. It was not until 1894 that
Congress created the first peacetime income tax. The rate was 2% on incomes over $4,000 per year,
which meant fewer than 10% of households would pay any. In short, the tax only applied to the very
wealthy as $4,000. Back then that was the equivalent to over a million‐dollar salary now.
If Congress enacted a similar tax now to pay for the war – an additional flat (no deduction) 2% for the
wealthiest Americans ‐ the national debt would go down by half within 10 years. Think that is too little?
Consider this, the deal Washington is brokering with the most divided and contentious committee ever
formed will cut the deficit by less than a quarter of that. I’ll bet if you asked the wealthiest Americans if
they were willing to right this ship for a measly 2% of their annual income, they would agree. In fact,
several already have like Warren Buffett and Bill Gates, Sr.
One of the problems we all have dealing with income tax is that we do not remember some of the
arguments made to permanently introduce it in the first place. So let’s cast our minds back to the pre‐
1894 days when revenue and spendable government funds were raised in two ways: Import Tariffs and
loans from the wealthy. Import tariffs were charged (levied) on every item being imported into the USA.
That meant that the importer had to pay the government excise officer a tax on the value of the goods
when imported. And it could be months and months before he got any return on his investment buying
the goods and paying for shipping and excise tax. Import duty easily doubles the real cost of imported
goods. And it was not just a tax for goods imported into the USA because state‐by‐state “import” taxes,
tariffs, were also levied. So a $1 item made in New York could cost someone in Kentucky $3 by the time
you added in taxes, transportation and banking financing.
So Congress, in an effort to change the revenue stream, to help reduce the cost of goods for the
average citizen, started to reduce import tariffs, drop inter‐state excise duty and, instead, argued that a
small income tax would be more democratic. The wealthiest Americans opposed the notion of income
tax (after all they were the sellers of these imported goods at a larger profit) and proclaimed income
taxes were immoral and unconstitutional (which it technically is). The Supreme Court got around that by
declaring income tax as a different sort of excise tax (which it is still called today).
8/6/2019 Income Tax & The American War Debt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/income-tax-the-american-war-debt 2/2
But the real reason the wealthiest Americans opposed income tax was that it took away their
leverage over the government. If you think lobbyists are pernicious today, imagine what George
Washington all the way to Grover Cleveland had to deal with when 95% of all revenue for the
government was by patronage or import duties controlled by the wealthy. Originally, the Continental
Congress learned a financing trick from the British lords who started the Bank of England. No, not a
public institution, but the wealthiest citizens who created a bank to loan the government money at high
interest rates and, in so doing, also controlled the currency. In short, they ruled the country. It took
Britain 250 years to wrestle control away from these ‘patrons’ and run the Bank of England themselves
as a democratic government should.
In America, when discussions started over income tax in the late 1800s, some of Congress were really
trying to re‐democratize the country, by giving the financial power over to everyone, not just the
wealthy who financed wars, roads and the civil service employees. By taxing everyone fairly, there could
be no bully voice in Congress. Well, it worked for a while, until the corporations exercised their might at
election time. This last election, 78% of all funds raised and spent by Obama to get elected were smaller,
private donations. When Bush was elected, 85% of funds were from corporate or wealthy donors. And
those divisions are in place for another round of bombast from both sides next year. But be careful,
even if you feel apathetic, this next election will be about avoiding the person you do not want in the
White House.
Meantime,
the
public
has
forgotten
the
importance
of
income
tax
–
there
is
no
government
boss,
you are the boss, you write the check, you pay the salaries. Our country started off the wrong way,
allowing government to be controlled and run under the influence of a minority. To be fair, those early
benefactors were, on the whole, interested in the benefit for all Americans. But over the years, such
power corrupted until their financial power base had to be eroded (income tax). For now the power is
with you, if you will exercise it.