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INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of Nuclear Facility Safety (REP Conference: April 21 2009

INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

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Page 1: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS

Ken EvansIllinois Emergency Management Agency

Division of Nuclear Safety

Bureau of Nuclear Facility Safety

(REP Conference: April 21 2009

Page 2: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

OVERVIEW:

State of Illinois conducts many exercises– Six nuclear plant sites in Illinois– Three exercises per year, plus three practice drills, for a total

of six drills a year– In 2007, 2008 and 2009, this increased with two tabletops and

two hostile action-based EP drills added

We can not and should not be required to do everything in every drill

Page 3: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

March 2007-Quad Cities NPP conducts the first official Phase III Threat-Based tabletop in the nation

Page 4: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

THE ROOM WAS CROWDED, ESPECIALLY WHEN EVERYONE WAS MOVING AROUND

Page 5: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

HERE IS A TABLE WITH EVERYONE AT THE TABLE. THIS IS UNUSUAL BECAUSE NO INFORMATION IS EXCHANGED THIS WAY.

Page 6: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

WE ALL LEARNED FROM SHARING THOUGHTS WITH THOSE NOT NORMALLY PRESENT AT THE TABLE

Page 7: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

April 2007 – Quad Cities Threat-Based drill

Page 8: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

LESSONS LEARNED: STATESUCCESS FACTORS (WHAT WE THINK WE DID RIGHT)

Treated the hostile action-based EP drill with the same effort as a REP Exercise

Communicated frequently with Exelon the special needs for a successful State demonstration

Build on past experience– Incorporated lessons learned from first drill into the second,

and then third drill and then the fourth and now working on the fifth (continue to enhance)

Page 9: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

LESSONS LEARNED: WHAT WENT WRONG

Scheduling is harder than you think April 22, 2009 LaSalle Tabletop Here I am I was to be there

Page 10: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

LESSONS LEARNED: FROM 2007 TO 2008

Rev 1 to NEI document allowed drills to flow normally in 2008

Shelter became our preferred protective action recommendation

We developed a “Stay in Place” message during the Byron Drill

Page 11: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

In a hostile action drill the radiation threat can be secondary

The utility impediment clause was not used by the utility in the Braidwood and Dresden drill

The State of Illinois recommended shelter even though the utility recommended evacuation

LESSONS LEARNED: PROTECTIVE ACTION RECOMMENDATIONS

Page 12: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

PAR LESSONS LEARNED CONTINUED

Many First Responders are trying to enter the EPZ as fast as possible

The public evacuating at the same time first responders are entering creates a problem

Stay in Place messages are not PARS since their main purpose is to keep the public off the roads

Page 13: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

SOME PAR OBSERVATIONS

Hostile Action Drills can introduce additional risks to PAR decisions

REP Exercises have viewed evacuations as a no risk decision

We used stay in place messages not as a PAR but as a tool to increase response time

Page 14: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

LESSONS LEARNED: COMMUNICATIONS

Adding an Incident Command Post (ICP) created a new challenge for communications

At the first drill there was not a utility representative

At the second drill we added a utility representative to the ICP

There are now two representatives one from security and one from operations

Page 15: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

COMMUNICATIONS LESSONS LEARNED CONTINUED

Timing is everything in communications. The first source fills a vacuum

One example was the ICP started to communicate the utility’s evacuation PAR and did not receive the State’s shelter PAR until later

In another our REAC facility heard of an attack on the station from our Terrorism center before we received a call from the station

Page 16: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

COMMUNICATIONS CONTINUED

Hostile Action Drills present more communications challenges because more organizations participate than in a normal REP Exercise

It is important that communication channels be formally defined

In Illinois the use of the StarCom radio system has solved some of these problems

Page 17: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

NIMS AND STANDARD DRILLS

After running several Hostile Action Drills it is obvious that one size does not fit all

NIMS purpose was to standardize the response

The NRC is currently considering requiring licensees to adopt NIMS

NIMS may have standardized terminology but you can never standardize personalities

Page 18: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

PLANNING FOR A HOSTILE ACTION DRILL

Today as we plan for the LaSalle drill we use many of the same tools we would for a REP Exercise

The big difference is that the Tabletop is part of the planning process

The tabletop is more important than the Dress Rehearsal has been for the Exercise because you have organizations that normally do not participate in a REP Exercise

Page 19: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

DEFINE THE SCOPE

In our first year of hostile action drills we were not sure who would participate

Timelines were vague at the start of the planning process

The end result was by not defining the scope at the start the expectations were not always met

Secure commitments early on so the scope can be established

Page 20: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

OBJECTIVES IN HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS

At the State level we are not required to submit objectives as we do for a REP Exercise

In 2008 we started to do objectives Many of the standard REP objectives can and

are demonstrated during a Hostile Action Drill Objectives although not required are helpful to

evaluate the success of the drill

Page 21: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

TIMELINE FOR A HOSTILE ACTION DRILL

Timelines are critical for a Hostile Action Drill Use of a timeline is the quickest way to

determine if participants will have adequate time to play and accomplish their objectives

One problem noted has been most timelines have not supported UAC participation

Page 22: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

MESSAGES FOR A HOSTILE ACTION DRILL

The tabletop has proven to be a valuable tool for identifying agencies that may require special messages to drive their actions in a manner to support the drill

Our experience has been that Hostile Action Drills initially require more coordination to develop messages than a REP Exercise

Page 23: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

MESSAGES CONTINUED

Use the tabletop to identify normal lines of communication

Messages take the place of information that would have been provided in a real event by an organization or individuals that are not able to participate in a drill

Page 24: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

MESSAGES CONTINUED

The new FEMA REP Manual may add additional objectives

Messages may be needed to drive new objectives

In summary messages are your friends

Page 25: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

GOING FORWARD

REP Exercises will benefit from the lessons learned from Hostile Action Drills

A Hostile Action Drill will become a REP Exercise

All REP Exercises share core objectives

Page 26: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

GOING FORWARD CONTINUED

A Hostile Action Drill introduces additional functions beyond a typical REP Exercise

In the past REP Exercises may have included additional objectives associated with severe natural phenomena such as a tornado.

The response in the past may have been limited to core REP objectives

Page 27: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

GOING FORWARD CONTINUED

Hostile Action Drills have expanded the scope of a REP Exercise

As we go forward we need to remember that not every Exercise requires everyone to play

Realistic Exercises like real events are limited to certain key responders.

This is why it may take an eight year cycle to exercise all agencies

Page 28: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

GOING FORWARD CONTINUED

We need to be creative to maximize the use of the time allocated for a drill or exercise

One idea proposed in the current guidance is to delay responders 10 minutes for every hour of real response time

The goal is to make the response somewhat realistic but not exclude organizations because they would never show up before the drill ends

Page 29: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

MORE OPTIONS

The good news is that REP Exercises will become less predictable now that there is more flexibility with objectives

Design exercises where the responders whether onsite or offsite have a chance to succeed

The bad news is more work

Page 30: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

THE CHALLENGE

Everyone is already busy with required exercises and real events

We are expanding the universe of participants We can not expect everyone to play all the time Balance the eight year exercise cycle

Page 31: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

END RESULT

More realistic and less predictable drills Vertical integration of federal state and local

responders Clearly defined lines of communication Partnerships established among the utility and

all response organizations

Page 32: INCORPORATING HOSTILE ACTION DRILLS INTO THE REP PROGRAM IN ILLINOIS Ken Evans Illinois Emergency Management Agency Division of Nuclear Safety Bureau of

QUESTIONS?

Contact information:

Ken Evans

Illinois Emergency Management Agency

1035 Outer Park Drive

Springfield, IL 62704

(217) 558-6248

[email protected]