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Metal-Organic Frameworks: Applications in Separations and Catalysis, First Edition. Edited by Hermenegildo García and Sergio Navalón.© 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Published 2018 by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Symbolso‐aminobenzaldehyde 3931,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid
(BDCA) 67, 1034,4ʹ‐bipyridine‐hexafluorosilicate‐
copper(II) (Cu‐BPY‐HFS) 2254‐tert‐butylbenzaldehyde 384tert‐butylcarbamate‐functionalised
4ʹ‐biphenyldicarboxylate (bpdc‐NHBoc) 4, 32
2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) 2112,5 dihydroxytere‐phathalic acid
(DOBDC) 1254‐nitrobenzaldehyde 3852D‐polymer
bidimensional networks 82bottom‐up methodologies
LB method at water/air interface 92
liquid/liquid interfacial synthesis 100
merits 92on‐surface synthesis 92
catalysis 113catalytic activity 113chemical vapor deposition 115compositional characterization
rotation electron diffraction (RED) 92
X‐ray diffraction (XRD) 91X‐ray photoelectron
spectroscopy 88conductive properties 112
criteria 81direct colloidal formation 104for electronic devices 112for gas separation 111vs. graphene 115membrane thickness and pore size 111morphological characterization
AFM 87–88scanning electron microscope 85simulated STM 86transmission electron
microscopies 84UHV‐STM 85
as prototype devices 116surfactant mediated synthesis 104top‐down methodologies
delamination processes 105inorganic materials 105liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) 106micromechanical exfoliation 110
α‐Pinene oxide isomerisation 3914‐tertbutylcyclohexanone (TBCH) 3671,3,5,7‐tetramethyl‐4,4‐difluoro‐8‐
bromomethyl‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) 45
4,4′,4″‐s‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl‐tribenzoate (TATB) 5
[Zn4O(BDC)3] 67
aAl‐based MOFs
MOF‐519 and MOF‐520 186soc topology 186
Index
bindex.indd 503 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index504
academia 58acetaldehyde 393activated carbons (AC)‐MOF
composites 255adsorbed natural gas (ANG) 164advantages of MOF 57atomic force microscopy (AFM) 344,
355atomic layer deposition 401azolate‐based MOF 9
bbenzenecarboxylic acid 43benzenedipyrazolate (BDP) Fe(III)
MOF 11benzene‐1,3,5‐tribenzoate
(BTB) 138bidimensional networks for MOFs 82biocatalysis
esterification and transesterification 463
heterogeneous catalysts 447hydrolysis 464–465immobilization 469immobilization and
applications 460industrial biocatalysts 447oxidation 466–467warfarin synthesis 468
biomimetic catalystsCu‐hemin 449metalloporphyrins 449organic ligand and metal precursors,
and catalytic reaction 450phosphotriesterase (PTE) 452polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) 449post‐synthetic modification
processes 454UiO‐66 methanolyzes 452
biosensors 44bis‐BINOL ligands 387bottle‐around‐shipBAS approach 304breathing effect 18Brønsted acid/base catalysts 39Brunauer‐Emmet‐Teller (BET) 359bulk modulus 18
ccapillary‐force‐driven destruction 17capillary‐force‐inert MOFs 18carbon capture and sequestration
(CCS) 123carbon capture and storage (CCS) 281carbon ink electrode (CIE) 468carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
fabrication 254MOF‐CNTcomposites
applications 252–253functionality 252–253MOFs incorporation on CNT
surface 254synthesis methods 252, 253
structure 252carboxylic acid derivatives 385catalysis with MOF
host matrices 41metal active sites
hydrogenation reactions 39hydroxyl groups to alkoxides
conversion 39node‐based linker 38on organic ligands 37photocatalytic activity 37
pre‐synthetic functionalization 307with reactive, organic functional
groups 39catalysts
esterification reaction 276heterogeneous 276hydrogenation reaction 276oxidation reaction 274photocatalysis 275research studies 277
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) 104
chemical stabilitycation‐ligand interaction 19competing agent 3coordination bond 4effect of water 3inert gas sorption isotherms 3modulators 19under noninert conditions 2
bindex.indd 504 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index 505
pH 3powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD)
patterns 3preformed inorganic building
units 19sub‐factors 3water stability 2, 4
chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 266, 401
chemical warfare agent (CWA) 201adsorptive property, MOF
to Calgon BPL activated carbon 202
colorimetric sensor properties 203
computational studies 204humidity 203–204MPA adsorption 203pore structure and function 201,
205[Zn2Ca(BTC)2(H2O)2]
(DMF)2 203catalytic property, MOF
hydrolysis, nerve agents and their simulants 206
multiactive catalysts for CWAs degradation 212
oxidation of sulfur mustard and its analogs 211
chlorine gas 199MOF materials
aluminum MOF particulate materials 214
Cu‐BTC particles 214halochromic NU‐100‐CF 215MOF–nanofiber textile
composites 215plug‐flow reactor 216UiO‐66@LiOtBu 214–215UiO‐66‐NH2 coated
electrodes 216nerve agents
acethylcolinesterase activity 199, 201
structure 199–200physico‐chemical parameters 200
toxicity levels 199–200CNT 252COK‐69 18composites
applications 252catalysts
esterification reaction 276heterogeneous catalyst 276hydrogenation reaction 276oxidation reaction 274photocatalysis 275research studies 277
for CO2 capture and separation 281
features 286as gas adsorbent 282H2 storage 281for liquid separation
applications 285MOFs‐carbon composites
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 252MOFs‐activated carbons
composites 255MOFs‐graphite oxides
composites 255MOFs‐metal nanoparticle
composites 262MOFs‐metal oxide
composites 266MOFs‐silica composites 272MOFs‐thin films
ceramic foams support treatment 259–260
MOF‐101@Al2O3 composites preparation 259, 261
supersonic cold spray technique 259
ZIF‐8 crystals 259, 261synthesis 251toxic gases adsorption 285types 251
compressed natural gas (CNG) 164confocal fluorescence microscopy
(CFM) 356contact mode, AFM 87continuous flow process 70
bindex.indd 505 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index506
coordination bondbulky and/or hydrophobic groups,
shielding MOFs with 12cation‐ligand interaction 4high valence cations and carboxylate
based ligands 4high valence cations and highly
complexing ligands 11hydrophobic matrices, coating MOFs
with 13low valence cations and highly
complexing ligands 9coordination networks,
advantages 57coordinatively unsaturated metal
centers (CUSs) 341coordinatively unsaturated metal sites
(CUS’s) 313CO2 adsorbents 34CO2 sorbents
amine graftingalkanolamine compounds 132diamines 1361,5‐dioxido‐2,6‐
naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (dondc) 132, 135
functionalization strategy 132–133
limitation 136MIL‐101 136routes for 132TEPA loadings 136
cordierite monolith supports 144features 150graphene oxides‐MOF
composites 143interaction strength 124ionic liquids‐MOF composites 139open metal sites
affinity toward CO2 125bonding geometry 125drawback 132HKUST‐1 128H4PTCA 131M‐DOBDC 125MIL‐101 130MOFs 126
molecular simulation accuracy 128
as stabilizing agent 125ZIF‐202 131
organic ligands effects 138performance criteria 124pKa value 150solid material composites 144surface area and pore volumes 124water stability
characteristics 144hydrophobic organic ligands 147MOFs with open metal sites 146
working capacity 124covalent attachment
catalytic applications 316separation
carbon dioxide capture 315nitrogen compounds removal 316U(VI) ions removal 316
technique 313covalent organic frameworks (COFs) 116covalent post‐synthetic
modification 31cross‐linked ligands
crystalline MOFs to polymer gels 49enantiopure 48IRMOF‐1 47microcrystalline porous network 47MOF scaffold 48Sada group 49
crystallinity of MOF 82Crystal Violet (CV) 44Cu‐BTC MOF 203
ddefective linkers (DLs) 355defects
aromatic carboxylic acid linker incorporation strategy 348, 350
catalysis, role ofexternal surface linker
vacancy 363inherent linker vacancy 366intentional implanted defects 367
defect dimensions 343definition 342
bindex.indd 506 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index 507
de novo synthesis 347distribution, size and state 343experimental methods
assess presence of defects 352, 354chemical and physical
environment 357imaging defects 355isolated local and correlated
defects 358inherent defects
inherent internal defect 344post‐crystallization cleavage 345
intentionally implanted defects, by defect engineering 346
location 343non‐aromatic carboxylic acid linker
incorporation strategy 351post‐synthetic treatment 351–352theoretical methods 359, 361
delamination processes 105deliverable capacity 165de novo approach 458dicopper paddlewheel‐based MOFs
NbO‐type MOFs 172Rht‐type MOFs 177tbo‐type MOFs 172
Diels‐Alder cycloaddition 384Diethyl zinc (ZnEt2) 380Diffusion 470dimethyl 4‐nitrophenyl phosphate (DMNP,
methyl paraoxon) 207, 209drug delivery materials 44DUT‐49 18dynamic mode, AFM 87
eelectrochemical biosensors 468electrochemical synthesis 69enzyme immobilization
enzymes diffusion 456in‐situ encapsulation/
entrapment 457surface immobilization 455–456
ethoxysuccinato‐cisplatin (ESCP) 45ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
(EDTA) 492extrusion 74
fFe2(BDP)3 11flexible MOFs 190force modulation microscopy
(FMM) 355Fourier Transform Infra‐Red
(FTIR) 355Friedel–Crafts acylation 383Friedel–Crafts alkylation 369Friedländer reaction 392–394functionalized metal organic
frameworksamine groups 301carbon dioxide capture 300catalysis
design parameters 300categories 298chemical stability 303covalent attachment/type 2 method
catalytic applications 316separations applications 314technique 313
in‐situ reaction/Type‐3 methodcatalytic applications 321separations applications 319technique 318
issues 326ligand replacement/Type‐4 321limitation 302metal addition/Type‐5 method
catalytic applications 325separations applications 325technique 322
pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical waste 301
physical impregnation/type 1 methodcatalytic applications 312separations applications 310technique 309
post synthetic modification (PSM) 298
pre‐synthetic functionalization 297catalytic applications 307separations applications 304technique 303
separationsdesign parameters 299
bindex.indd 507 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index508
ggas infiltration method 266global warming 123grafting method 314graphene 81graphene oxides (GO)‐MOF composite
characteristics 143Henry’s constant 144merits 143
graphite oxides (GOs) composites 255
Grinard reaction 308G‐type nerve agents 199
hHeck reactions 430Henry’s coefficient (HCs) 205heterogeneous catalysis 37, 299HKUST‐1 32, 46, 67
continuous flow process 72CWA monitoring 206electrochemical synthesis 69HKUST‐1/silica composites 273methane uptake 171with open metal cluster 128scale‐up reaction 69
HKUTS‐1gas separation 225
homogeneous catalysis 37hydrogen storage 35hydroxy esters 387
iImmediately Dangerous to Life or
Health (IDLH) 200impregnation 263impregnation methods
gas phase impregnation 401solid phase impregnation 401
impregnation, physicalcatalytic applications 312separations applications 310technique 309
incipient wetness impregnation 309incipient wetness method 263industrial patents 64inherent defects
inherent surface defect 344inorganic post‐synthetic
modification 32, 34in situ encapsulation 470in‐situ reaction
catalytic applications 321separations applications 319technique 318
internal porosity 18intramolecular carbonyl‐ene
reaction 392ionic liquids‐MOF composite
bmimBF4@HKUST‐1 composite 140
bmimPF6@ZIF‐8 composites 141characterization 140designing factors into
consideration 141features 140preparation 140selectivity 141use of ionic liquids 139
IRMOF‐1 system 47IRMOF‐1 ([Zn4O(bdc)3] bdc = 4‐
benzenedicarboxylate), 1, 203isostructural mixed linkers
(IML) 347isostructural MOFs 125
kketalization reactions 390Knoevenagel condensation 308, 388,
394Kubas‐type interaction 36
llabile ligands 34Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) method
extended films, MOF 92and layer‐by‐layer (LBL)
methodologies 100monolayer, dense coordination
polymer 93π‐conjugated framework with
reversible redox behavior 96THTNi 2DSP 96transmetalation 96
bindex.indd 508 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index 509
lateral dimensions 81Lewis adduct 9Lewis type adsorption 367ligand replacement 321liquefied natural gas (LNG) 164liquid/liquid interfacial synthesis 100liquid phase exfoliation (LPE)
exfoliation 108by sonication 107
mMAF‐38 189Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MIL)
compounds 5chain‐based MIL‐53 5Cr(III) 7linker 5MIL‐100 5MIL‐163 12rare earth trivalent cations 7trivalent cations 5
mechanical stability 17mechanochemical synthesis 72membrane‐aided gas separation
systemsapplications 223characteristics, MOFs 224inorganic membrane materials 223membranes
mixed matrix membranes (MMM) 226
modelling of gas permeation 244thin‐film MOF membranes 232
molecules interaction with membrane material 224
polymeric membranes 223size‐sieving mechanism 224
metal additioncatalytic applications 325separations applications 325technique 322
metal centers 297metalloporphyrins 449metal nanoparticles (MNPs) based
MOFs compositesapproaches 262classification 262
drawbacks 262gas infiltration method 266MOF structure 263physiochemical properties 262solid grinding method 266solution infiltration method 263synthesis 262synthesis method 264template assisted synthesis
method 266metal/node replacement 322metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs)
acetals, ethers 389–390alcohols
alcoholysis of epoxides 382aliphatic and cycloaliphatic
epoxides 382chiral unsaturated alcohols 380diethyl zinc (ZnEt2) 380Grignard reagent to
dienophiles 381Henry addition 382vicinal alcohol derivatives 381
biocatalysis 447carbonyl and hydroxy carbonyl
compoundsaldehydes 384aldehydes and ketones 383Diels‐Alder cycloaddition 384Friedel‐Crafts acylation 383hydroxy aldehydes and
ketones 383l‐proline 385thermo labile protecting
groups 385carboxylic acid derivatives 385Friedländer reaction 392–394Knoevenagel condensation 394liquid phase reactions 395nanoparticles 399terpenoids 390, 392
metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) defects
definition 342experimental methods
isolated local and correlated defects 360
bindex.indd 509 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index510
metal oxides nanoparticles (MONPs)classification 267facile pyrolysis 272hydrothermal method 270–271impregnation/infiltration
methods 267one‐step synthesis method 270solvothermal treatment 271synthesis approach 267synthesis method 267, 268template‐assisted in‐situ synthesis
method 271two steps CVD process 270
methane adsorbentsAl‐based MOFs 186dicopper paddlewheel‐based MOFs
NbO‐type MOFs 172Rht‐type MOFs 177tbo‐type MOFs 172
flexible MOFs 190gas adsorption/binding sites 194hydrostability 194MAF series 189methane adsorption property
adsorption heat 170ligand functionalization 171open metal sites 170pore size 170surface area 169
MOF materials 167, 192–193requirements
adsorbing species 166gas transport rate 167methane deliverable capacity 165production costs 167stability 166, 194thermal management 166, 194working capacity, volumetric
methane 193storage capacity 192storage target 165Zn4O‐cluster based MOFs 180Zr‐based MOFs 182
methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) 433methylphosphonic acid (MPA) 203micromechanical exfoliation 110M(II)‐bistrizolate MOF 11
MIL‐53 35MIL‐88B(Fe)‐(CF3)2 12MIL‐91(Ti) 11MIL‐101 34
amine incorporation 136with open metal cluster 130
MIL‐101(Cr) 36, 41drug delivery 44mercury absorbing ability 42nanoparticles 42sulfation 43zwitterionic 40
MIL‐163 12mixed matrix membranes (MMM)
CO2/CH4 selectivity vs. CO2 permeability 227
cross‐section of 226filler loading 231–232fillers 226materials 226modelling the gas permeation 244MOF/polymer 232
mixture selectivity values 234single gas selectivity 233
permeability of O2 H2 and CO2, 230permeance and selectivity 231preparation 226Robeson plots for CO2/CH4 and H2/
N2 229ZIF‐8/6FDA‐durene membrane 228
modulators 4MOF‐808 8, 40
CWAs degradation 211sulfation 43
MOFs, properties 482–483molecular baskets 309molecular sieving 300monolayer 2D‐material 82Monte Carlo simulations 362Mukaiyama aldol reaction 388multilayer N1 100
nnanolayers, MOF 103–104nanoMOFs 46nanoparticles (NPs) 41
assembly methods
bindex.indd 510 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index 511
bottle‐around‐the‐ship approach 404
“ship‐in‐a‐bottle” assembly method 402
C–C cross coupling reactions 430dehydrogenation reactions
H2‐release reactions 425metal organic chemical vapour
deposition method (MOCVD) 425
rhodium(I) precatalysts 425trimetallic synergistic effect 425
gas and liquid phase oxidation catalysis
alcohols 407Au‐Pd/C catalyst 411catalytic cycle and poisoning
mechanism 407CO oxidation activities 405synthetic conditions and catalytic
activities 406, 408hydrogenation reactions
acetophenone 4161,4‐butynediol to 4‐butenediol 1,
421cinnamaldehyde, 4‐butynediol and
phenol 1, 422cyclohexene 420cyclohexene and benzene 420electron‐donating groups 424industrial applications 411nitrobenzene 412nitrobenzene and carbonyl
compounds 416olefins 417phenol 424synthetic conditions and catalytic
activities 413impregnation methods
gas phase impregnation 401solid phase impregnation 401
tandem reactions 433nanosheets, CP 104natural gas
advantages 163ANG 164challenge 163
CNG 164LNG 164
NENU‐11 206nickel oxo‐pyrazolate (Ni(DP)) bis‐
pyrazolate MOF 9N‐rich azole derivatives 9
oone‐pot reaction methodology 67on‐surface synthesis 92open‐close double door system 316Organisation for theProhibition of
Chemical Weapons (OPCW) 199
ppatents 58PCN‐222/MOF‐545 211–214PCN‐601 10phosgene 203phosphonate monoester based
MOF 13phosphotriesterase (PTE) 452phosphotriesterase enzymes
(PTE) 206photocatalysis 313
inorganic semiconductors 477molecular photocatalysts and
inorganic semiconducting materials 478
oxidation and Au NPs 480photocatalytic CO2 reduction 493photocatalytic H2 evolution
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 492
porphyrins 492renewable transportation
fuels 490role of platinum 490UiO‐66 491UiO‐66 structure 491
photooxidation reactions 496photophysical pathways
chemical energy 489d0 and d10 transition metal
ions 485electron delocalization 487
bindex.indd 511 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index512
photocatalysis (Contd.)ligand centered absorption
bands 483MV·+ radical cation 489n‐type semiconductors 487optical absorption spectrum 483π–π* electronic transitions 485quenching experiments 487terephtalate 485terephtalate‐Zn2+ pairs 485UiO‐66(Zr) 488Wurster’s NTP·+ radical
cation 489Zr6O6(OH)6 clusters 488
plasmon absorption band 480pollutant degradation 496TiO2 photoelectrodes 477zeolites and crystalline porous
solids 481photocatalytic reductions 37photolytic cleavage 32physical impregnation 309pollutant degradation 496polymeric binders, embedding particles
in 19polyoxometalates (POMs) 311polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) 449porous coordination polymers
(PCPs) 1, 164, 448porous MOFs 165
CWA 201post‐crystallization cleavage 345post‐synthetic deprotection (PSD)
reactions 32post‐synthetic exchange (PSE) 32post‐synthetic modification
(PSM) 29anion sequestration 43carbon dioxide capture and
separation 34catalysis
host matrices 41metal active sites 37with reactive, organic functional
groups 39covalent attachment 313cross‐linked ligands
modified nature of cross‐linked MOFs 49
post‐synthetic 47pre‐synthetic 47
crystallinity of MOF 29frameworks, MOF 29hydrogen storage capacity 35in‐situ reaction 318ligand replacement 321metal addition 322metal ion sequestration 42nanoMOFs 46organic molecules removal from
solution 43physical impregnation 309reactions
classes 30covalent modification 31extent of 33linker ligands, substitution of 32metal centres, exchange of 33secondary building unit (SBU) 32
therapeutic MOFs and biosensors 44
powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) 3powder XRD (PXRD) patterns 354pre‐synthetic functionalization 298
catalysisGrinard reaction 308Knoevenagel condensation 308mercury removal from flue gas 308solid base catalysts 307UiO‐66 307
separationbiphenyl benzene dicarboxylic acid
ligands 306C3 functional groups, use of 305photoresponsive SURMOF 307UiO‐66 304
technique 303pyrene‐1,3,6,8‐tetracarboxylic acid
(H4PTCA) 131
rrobustness 1room temperature ionic liquids
(RTILs) 139
bindex.indd 512 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index 513
sSada group 49Safranin T (ST) 43SALEM 321scale‐up MOF 64Schottky or Frenkel defects 343Scotch tape method 105secondary building unit (SBU) 32self‐limited deposition technique 402sequestration
anion 43metal ion 42organic molecules removal 43
shear modulus 18ship‐in‐bottle method 304, 310, 318silica composites 272solid acid catalysts 307solid grinding method 266solution infiltration method 263solvent‐assisted ligand incorporation
(SALI). 13, 32solvent‐assisted linker exchange
(SALE) 32solvent‐free method 401Sonogashira coupling reactions 430space‐time yield (STY) 65, 73stability
applications 2chemical stability 2definition 1mechanical stability 17thermal stability 14thermal vs. chemical stability 2
sulfur mustard (HD) 211supercritical CO2 activation 17surface immobilization 455–456, 470Suzuki–Miyaura reaction 430synthesis of MOF/CP
continuous flow process 70drying process 66efficiency 74electrochemical synthesis 69extrusion 74HKUST‐1 67limitation 64mechanochemical synthesis 72microwave‐assisted synthesis 67
one‐pot reaction methodology 67organic linker 65pre‐requisites 65reaction parameters 64scale‐up reactions 68schematic representation 66solvents 66space‐time yield (STY) 65, 73scale‐up reactions 69starting reagents 65[Zn4O(BDC)3] 67
ttag 31template assisted synthesis
method 266terpenoids 390, 392therapeutic MOF 44thermal stability
definition 14factors 15industrial procedures 14metal ion, nature of , 15MOF structure 17organic linker, nature of 16–17techniques for 14during thermal treatment
process 14thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 352thin‐film MOF membranes
for CO2 separation 241for hydrogen separation 237preparation 232for propylene separation 240–242requirement 235Robeson plot for CO2/CH4 and H2/N2
gas couples 243stability 242
thin films‐MOFs compositesceramic foams support
treatment 259–260MOF‐101@Al2O3 composites
preparation 259, 261supersonic cold spray technique 261ZIF‐8 crystals 259, 261
thiol‐modified MOF 43THTNi 2DSP 100
bindex.indd 513 2/5/2018 2:32:31 PM
Index514
transmetalation 96, 322, 324triethanolamine (TEOA) 37truncated mixed linker (TML)
approach 348
uUHV‐STM 85UiO‐66 7–8, 18, 34–35
CEES degradation 212DMNP hydrolysis 207pre‐synthetic functionalization 307
UiO‐66‐(CF3)2 12UiO‐67 207Ullman and Suzuki–Miyaura
couplings 38ultrahigh vacuum [UHV] infrared
spectroscopy (UHV‐FTIR) 358
vvariable temperature PXRD (VT‐PXRD)
experiments 14V‐type nerve agents 199
wwater stability
characteristics of MOF 144functionalization of MOFs
structures 149hydrophobic organic ligand 147MOFs with open metal sites
metals clusters 146solvent removal 147UiO series using Zr‐based metal
clusters 147valence state 146
working capacity 124
xX‐ray diffraction (PXRD)
patterns 354
yYoung’s modulus and Poisson’s
ratio 18
zzeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs)
gas separation 225ZIF‐8 9
CO2 capacity 149drug delivery material 46ZIF‐8/silica composites 273
Zn4O‐cluster based MOFs 180Zr‐based MOFs
advantages 182CWAs degradation 209–211fcu, ftw, scu and csq topology based
MOFs 183ftw topology based MOFs 183pbz‐MOF‐1 183, 185
bindex.indd 514 2/5/2018 2:32:32 PM