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Index
• The Circulatory System• Functions of the Circulatory System• Components of Circulatory System• The Heart• The blood vessels• Artery-Vein Comparison• Internal structure of human heart • Double circulation• The cardiac cycle• Blood pressure • Measuring blood pressure- Sphygmomanometer• References
Functions of the Circulatory System
• To carry digested food from the small intestine to all body parts.
• To carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
• To aid in the disposal of all wastes from the body.
• To distribute heat.
• To fight diseases.
The Heart
•Location – left side of chest cavity
•Size- As big as closed fist
•Mass-between 250 and 350 grams
Artery-Vein Comparison
Veins Arteries
Transport blood towards the heart Transport blood away from the heart
Carry De-oxygenated Blood(except in the case of the Pulmonary Vein)
Carry Oxygenated Blood (except in the case of the Pulmonary Artery)
Have relatively wide lumens Have relatively narrow lumens
Transports blood under lower pressure (than arteries)
Transports blood under higher pressure (than veins)
Have valves Do not have valves
Internal structure of human heart
1. The heart is divided into four main chambers: The upper chambers - left and right atria -receiving chambersTwo lower chambers - right and left ventricles-discharging chambers.[
2. Septum-thick wall of muscle separating the right side and the left side of the heart
3. Pericardium-double-walled protective sac
4. Valves – Tricuspid and bicuspid
5. Aorta – Main artery
6. Pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein
Double circulation
Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation
Deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs via pulmonary artery and oxygenated blood returned to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
Systemic circulation is the circulation of the blood to all parts of the body except the lungs
Blood pressure Force that blood exert against the wall of a vessel
Systolic pressure The pressure of blood
during ventricular systole (contraction)
120 mm of Hg
Diastolic pressureThe pressure of blood in artery
during ventricular diastole (relaxation)
80 mm of Hg
References •leavingbio.net
•en.wikipedia.org
•library.thinkquest.org
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system
•http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/circulat.htm