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INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February 12, 2004 Bob Zybach, PhD, Forest Fire History & Land Use Ecologist OSU Department of Forest Sciences Five Rivers Landscape Management Study USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station

INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

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Page 1: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-

2004

• Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting• Bend, Oregon, February 12, 2004

• Bob Zybach, PhD, Forest Fire History & Land Use Ecologist• OSU Department of Forest Sciences

• Five Rivers Landscape Management Study• USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station

Page 2: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Current evidence suggests patterns of late-15th to mid-19th century Indian burning and other land management practices had a direct effect on Oregon Coast Range wildlife populations and habitat conditions.

The cultural legacy of these practices persist in transitional forest and grassland patterns of the present time.

Page 3: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Sources of Information

Page 4: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Historical Drawings & Photographs

Page 5: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

AerialPhotograph

s

Page 6: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Historical Maps

Page 7: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Living Memory and Oral Traditions

Page 8: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

1895-96 USGS Coos Bay 30 min Quadrangle Map• Bottomland Prairies• 1868 Coos Fire

•1770 Millicoma Fire•Wagon Roads and Trails

GISCONVERSION

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Page 12: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February
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Types of Indian Burning Practices

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Northern Coast Range

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Page 19: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February
Page 20: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February
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Eastern Coast Range

Page 22: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

WillametteValley, Oregon

1845

1885

Page 23: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Soap CreekValley,Oregon

1914

1989

Page 24: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February
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Western Coast Range

Page 26: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

“Indian Trail [from Willamette Valley] to Tidewater”“Alseya Valley” General Land Office survey map, 1856

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Alsea Valley North Fork Prairie Trail Network,

1775-2003

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Southern Coast Range

Page 34: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February
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Indian Burning Patterns, Oregon Coast Range, ca. 1800

Page 37: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

Oregon CoastRange Fuels

*Spruce/hemlock

*Douglas-fir

*Oak grasslands

Page 38: INDIAN BURNING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT PATTERNS OF THE OREGON COAST RANGE, 1491-2004 Oregon Chapter of the Wildlife Society Annual Meeting Bend, Oregon, February

CONCLUSIONS

Precontact Indian burning practices had a direct effect on Oregon Coast Range wildlife populations and habitat patterns.

The cultural legacy of these practices persist in transitional forest and grassland patterns of the present time.