Indian Railways Becoming Greener & Sustainable By

Sudhir Garg Joint Secretary, Ministry of Small & Medium Enterprises(MSME)

Indian Railways

• Indian Railways 3rd largest network,

66,500 RKM,

8495 stations with

Energy bill of about INR 11262 Cr, i.e. 25% of

Ordinary Working Expenses.

• INR 9475 Cr for electric traction, carrying 60%

traffic.

• Further INR 1787 Cr for Non- Traction power

• IR consumes about 2% of electricity and about

3% of diesel of the country.

Indian Railways- Priority

• One of the priority is to

Reduce traction bill substantially by

Improving Utilization in

Traction Power &

Non-Traction Power

Procure energy directly.

Change energy mix for Decarbonization

by putting up

Solar &

Wind Power plants

Challenges

• Bring Energy in the forefront

• Convincing all concerned

• Develop clear policy directives

Enabling

environment

• Showcasing the potential

• Making Zonal Railways part of the program

• Creating IT platform to monitor

Frame work

• Connect to the business goals of the organization

• Invest in right solutions &

• Streamline implementation- Team building

Scale up

• New station being developed

• Solar Plants on Railway coaches

• Building operational efficiency

Develop New

Areas

Change BAU approach- Development of an

Energy Plan

• Energy Plan 2015 projected that IR

Should source electric traction power directly

from market- can reduce cost by 30%

Should use Renewables extensively- 1200MW upto

2020- will reduce cost of non- traction power

• Energy Plan brought out potential of Energy

Efficiency improvement

In Non-Traction sector

In Traction power- use of regenerative Locos only

Additional savings on operational stream-lining

• Till 2016-17 Energy Efficiency improved @4 - 5%.

Way Forward- Energy Sourcing • Building Partnership

Ministry of Power- BEE, EESL

Ministry of New & Renewable Energy,

Ministry of Science & Technology- CEL

UNDP, USAID, Shakti Foundation, CPI, CEEW

• Re-Engineer Energy sourcing- reduce cost by 30%

To improve financial health,

To spearhead shift towards rail.

Operationalized distribution licensee status.

Creation of a special vehicle- REMCL.

Direct sourcing reduced cost of traction bill by

INR 1081 Cr- confidence building of top

administration

Mission 41k

From 2015-25 cumulative savings on account of revised

energy sourcing - ₹41,000 Cr.

Mission 41k- Actual Outcome

S.No Year Saving

as per

Missio

n 41K

(in Rs

Cr.)

Saving

achieved

(in Rs

Cr.)

Cumulati

ve Saving

as per

Mission

41K (in

Rs Cr.)

Cumula

tive

saving

achieve

d (in Rs

Cr.)

Var. in

saving

w.r.t

Mission

41K (in

Rs Cr.)

1 2015-16 397 906 397 906 +509

2 2016-17 2462 2860 2860 3766 +906

3

2017-18

(upto

Nov.’17)

2039 2138 4899 5904 +1005

Way Forward- Energy Efficiency- Non-Traction

• Develop policy framework- align with business

goals- bring on board top administration.

• Energy Efficiency- non-traction

Audits for benchmarks- Internal & External-

identify potential- UNDP-GEF, BEE partnerships.

Carry out Pilot projects- Multiply success stories

ESCO model pilot project at Vasai Road Station- Load

reduced from 100KW to 70 KW.

UNDP pilot projects

» Super energy efficient fans (about 40 watt).

» Automatic platform lighting management system

with segregation of 70/30% circuits.

» Automation of lighting, fan & pumping

Way Forward- Energy Efficiency- Traction

• Energy Efficiency- Traction

Audits of Traction Sub Stations

Extensive study, analysis of train running on 2

Zones

Study of terrains over these zones

Close monitoring & analysis of regeneration -Training

to Loco pilots

Study regeneration in 3 Phase locomotives & EMUs

Monitoring switching-off of idle locomotives- 30% energy

consumed by auxiliary motors

Switching off rear loco (in Multi Loco formation)

During down gradient

On return trip while running empty

Positive Evidence

• In last 2 years, traction energy consumption

remained almost same, as against 4% annual growth

upto 2014-15.

• Efforts by Western Railway on Non-Traction-10%

Savings in 2016-’17

• On overall basis 5%(3+2) reduction in non-traction

energy in 2016-’17

• Has become top management agenda -

Award of work to ESCO company for all Railway

Installations.

• Strategy was to transform Energy scene in short term

Outcome - Traction Energy

14,58

15,17

15,74 15,71

15,67

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

Energy Consumption (in Billion kWh)

Energy Consumption (in Billion kWh)

Outcome– Non- Traction Energy

2,48 2,49

2,5 2,49

2,39

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

Energy Consumption (in Billion kWh)

Energy Consumption (in Billion kWh)

Decision Taken- Traction • Traction power requirement- About 2000MW, will

increase to 3500MW with 100% Electrification.

• In the current year (7 months period i.e. April to Sept)

1.7% SEC improvement achieved as compared to last

year- Savings of about ₹400 Cr. annually.

• Use of 3 Phase Locomotives and EMUs only-

Target 350 Locomotives in 17-18, ramp-up from

about 200 in 2015-’16 to 300 in 2016-’17

All EMUs with 3 phase- capacity increased in just 2

years- from about 450 to 600

• HOG (Head-on-Generation) trains - 34 trains working -

Saving of about ₹87 Cr. annually achieved. Additionally

64 trains will be taken on HOG system in the current

fiscal year- total saving potential of ₹250 Cr.

Decision Taken- Traction • Continuous monitoring of regeneration is done in Crew

Management System (CMS)for each Loco pilot

• 172 pair of trains has been shifted from diesel to

electric traction which led to a saving of about ₹350 Cr.

annually.

• Raising speed to 160/ 200 kmph on Delhi-Mumbai and

Delhi-Howrah route by adopting latest 2x25 kV power

supply system.

• IR has also planned to develop battery cum electric

operated 1400-1600 HP, 25 KV locos for shunting

purposes.

• Become part of PAT- a Statutory body

Decision Taken- Mission 100% Electrification • 38% commissioned network on IR on Electric Traction

carries 54.3% coaching and 65.1% freight traffic with

accounting for just 36% of Fuel bill.

• Work for Electrification of 24062 RKM was already

sanction and execution is in progress.

• Balance 13676 RKM is under process for inclusion in

Budget 2018-19.

• Year wise Target of Mission 100% Electrification

4000

6000 7000

10500 10500

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22

Mission 100% Electrification- Benefits

Electrification of railway tracks plays an important role in

modernization as well as in improving the finances of

Railways as electric trains have several advantages. These

advantages include;

• Seamless operations across vast network of railways.

• Enhance sectional capacity.

• Achieving the objectives of ‘Mission Raftar’. • Enhance energy security of the country

• Line Haul cost cheaper by 57% and 54% for freight and

pass traffic respectively compared to diesel traction.

• CO2 emission reduction with 100% electrification of IRs BG

tracks would be 4.1 million tonne per annum.

• Employment of about 4 lakh man years will be generated

during execution

Decision Taken- Traction- Open Access

Item Power Remarks

Traction

power

requirement

About 2000MW •This will increase to about

3500MW with 100% electrification

Power

procured

under Open

Access-

Nov’17

1000MW • Maharashtra, MP, Gujarat,

Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Haryana,

Karnataka, DVC area and CTU

points in UP from RGPPL, BRBCL

& JIPTL.

• This has resulted in savings of

about Rs. 5636 Cr. in BAU mode

since Nov’15, better by Rs 1000 Cr., projected in Mission 41K

Tariff reduced

by

AP, Chhattisgarh,

Telengana

•Reduced rates respectively to Rs

4.99, 4.74, 5.6 per unit.

Decision Taken- Non- Traction

• Reduce consumption by 30% in next 4 yrs

• Policy issued to use only LED lighting All stations to be provided with 100% LED

luminaries- 3960 completed with 20 Lakh LED

lights, balance 4467 by March’2018.

100% LED will reduce about 10% of total Energy

i.e. about 240 million units leading to savings of

Rs 180 Cr. per annum.

• Use only star rated energy efficient equipment

• Expand ESCO Model Contract Extended to cover all Railway

Installations.

• Energy audits All electrical installations to be audited.

Aim is to accelerate energy savings

Improving Energy Efficiency on IR Item Remarks

Total Non-

traction

power

requirement

400MW • Total consumption 2.5 billion

units(BU) in 2015-16.

• Reduced by 5.5% in the year 2016-

17 (4.1% reduction in energy to 2.39

BU despite increase in load by 1.4%)

giving a savings of Rs 100 Cr.

• In the current year ( 6 months

period) 7% reduction achieved giving savings of Rs 62 Cr.

Development

of energy

efficient

buildings

All new stations

and buildings

Redevelopment of stations will be

done as per super ECBC guidelines

(40% more energy efficient).

Renewables- Solarization • 1000MW by 2020

Developed a case for VGF- to make solar power

substantially cheaper

Developer route for Solar power on roof top with 25

years fixed cost PPA- no internal investment

Space identification, tendering for roof tops- through

railway company & Zonal Railways

Financial strength of Railways reduce cost - savings

from day one- a strong confidence building

financial model

• For the first time, 16 KW solar power plant has been

provided at Sahibabad Railway Station where solar

panels provide shelter as well. This will reduce the

cost of platforms and in addition provide solar power.

Further proliferated of this system will be done on

new and existing platforms after gaining field

experience.

Renewables- Solarization • Partnering with states to provide banking for

traction power-

Madhya Pradesh -50MW from solar park

SECI- 150MW in various states

• For captive plants through railway company in 20:80

model & sourcing of power as distribution licensee

• Involved field units- trained to create conviction

• Little investment by IR - considered non core activity

• 500MW Solar on rooftop- ordered 80MW, 175MW

tenders in pipeline

• 500MW Solar on land banks- 5000 hectares land

identified – ordered 50MW, 250MW in pipeline

Achievements of IR in Solar

• About 29.5MW Installed at 350+ Railway Stations

and premises including 5MW in Delhi Area.

• Details of 5MW in Delhi Area

S.No Railway Station Capacity

1 Hazrat Nizamuddin 0.70 MWp

2 New Delhi 2.05 MWp

3 Anand Vihar 0.80 MWp

4 Delhi 1.50 MWp

Total 5.00 MWp

• Benefits •Annual Solar generation - 76.5 Lac units per year.

•Cost of per unit as per PPA - Rs. 4.14 whereas cost of

supply from SEB - Rs. 10.16.

•Saving per unit - Rs. 6.02.

•Annual saving - Rs. 421.4 Lac.

•The Project will reduce 6082 Ton of CO2 emission per year

Renewables- Wind

• Target- 200MW by 2020

• Wind power plant- Installed 36.5 MW (26 MW

commissioned in Oct. 2015 in Jaisalmer (Rajasthan)

& 10.5 MW commissioned in Integral Coach Factory

(ICF), Chennai).

• LOA for 6MW issued on 5th Jan’2018.

• 35 MW Tender floated – T. N.(16 MW), A.P.( 1MW),

M.P (13MW) & Maharashtra (16MW)

• Work transferred to REMCL for 10.5 MW

• 118 MW – Wind mill plants - proposed to be taken

out of 1000 MW scheme of MNRE.

Solarization Solar Panels on the roof top of a Railcar

4kW unit to meet light & fan load

• Railway had also planned

harnessing solar energy

through Solar panels on

rooftops of Railway

coaches.

• Based on initial trials on

four Broad gauge coaches,

one DMU rake has been

provided with solar panels,

which are meeting all its

lighting & fan load.

• In addition work is in

progress on 2 more rakes.

Transformational Initiatives

• Speed up Electrification

• In 2016-17- 2,000 Rkms done

• 24,000 kms by 2022

100% Electrification

• Setting up High HP Loco manufacturing units

• Produce only regenerative Locos and EMUs

• Progressively bring down diesel loco production

100 % use of regenerative technology

Passenger Amenities at Indian Railways

• 456 at 170 Stations till Dec’2017. • 320 at 129 Stations in next 2 years.

• 372 Approved in Dec’ 2017 on out of turn basis

• 2589 under approval in the budget 2018-19

Escalators

• 298 at 132 Stations till Dec’2017. • 338 at 102 Stations in next 2

years.

• 1000 under approval in the budget 2018-19

Lifts

IR’s future Plan

• 100% renewable

energy for meeting

IR’s energy requirement

• Integrating

transmission line

network & use it to

carry RE power

• Almost 100%

electrification- use

low cost funding

• Auto-train operation

28

Take away-Business Models by IR

• Energy efficiency – Building partnership,

Demonstrate success stories,

Make it part of organizational goal,

Multiply with some internal sources, largely through

ESCO mode

• Renewable Power Projects-

Investment by developer- less risk for IR

Have a special purpose vehicle to arrange for funds

Arrange for VGF to keep the cost low

• Electrification projects

Low cost financing from Insurance companies.

Thank You

THANK YOU

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