Indicative Syllabus for Various Group B non-faculty posts ...aiimsbhopal.edu.in/news/Indicative syllabus-Group B.pdf · intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, Glycolysis, Aerobic,

Page | 1

Indicative Syllabus for Various Group B non-faculty posts advertised vide Advt. No:AIIMS Bpl/Rectt. Cell/Gr. B/Non- Faculty/ 2018 /03 Date: 31/03/2018

Sl.No1.

Name ofPost Eligibility Proposed

Scheme

No. ofQuestions

Syllabus

MedicalSocialServiceOfficerGrade I

Essential Qualification& Experience:(i) MA (Social Work) /MSW, withspecialization inMedical Social Work,from a recognizedUniversity / InstitutionAnd

(ii) 5 Years’Experience in agovernment or privatesector hospital ofminimum 200 beds

Desirable: Ability touse computers - Handson experience in officeapplications, spreadsheets andpresentations.

a) Nature anddevelopment ofsocial work

b) Sociologicalconcepts andcontemporaryconcerns

c) Humanbehavior andsocialenvironment

d) Social actionand socialmovements

e) Research insocial work

f)Administration of welfareanddevelopmentservices

g) Social justiceandempowerment

h) Social workand disastermanagement

i) Counselling

j) HIV/AIDS

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

a) Nature and development of socialwork

b) Sociological concepts andcontemporary concernsUrban community development

Human rights and social work practice,social policy,

c) Human behavior and socialenvironment, state, political economyand governance, social work withcommunities, social work withindividuals, social work with groupresearch in social work: quantitativeapproaches

d) Social action and social movements,social work with the elderly,environment and social work, socialwork with families and children,occupational social work

e) Research in social work, qualitativeapproaches

f) Administration of welfare anddevelopment services, organizationalbehavior and employee development,social defense and correctional services,rural community development

g) Social justice and empowerment,social development, management ofdevelopment organizations Social workwith persons with disabilities, aspects ofapplied social work in hospitals etc.Human rights and social work practiceSocial work practice in mental healthsettings

h) Social work and disastermanagement, conflict mitigation andpeace building, gender anddevelopment.

i) Counselling theory and practice

j) HIV/AIDS and social work practice,

Page | 2

and social workpractice

10 health care social work practice

2 Dietician Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) M.Sc. (Home Science– Food andNutrition)/M.Sc. (ClinicalNutrition and Dietetics)/M.Sc. (Food Science &Nutrition)/M.Sc. (Foodand NutritionDietetics)/M.Sc. (FoodService Management andDietetics) from arecognizedUniversity/Institution.

(ii) 3 years’ experience inthe line preferably in 200bedded Hospital

a) HumanPhysiology

10 General principles of Physiology.

The Skeleton – General Account.The Muscular System – GeneralAccount -Types of muscles,characteristics of each, Similarities andDifferences..Blood and Circulatory System – Bloodand its composition, Functions of eachconstituent of blood, Blood groups,Blood transfusion and its importance,Coagulation of blood, Blood vessels,Structure and functions of heart, Bloodpressure, heart rate, Cardiac output andtheir regulation..Lymphatic System – Lymph, Lymphglands and functions, Spleen – Structureand Functions.• Respiratory System – Organs,Structure and Functions, Mechanism ofRespiration, Chemical Respiration.• Digestive System – Structure andFunctions of Alimentary tract.Functions of various secretions andjuices – Saliva, Gastric, Bile, Intestinal,Pancreatic. Functions of enzymes indigestion. Digestion of nutrients –Proteins, Fats, Carbohydrates. Commonproblems of Digestive tract – Vomiting,Constipation, Diarrhoea.• Excretory System – Structure andFunctions of (a) Kidney (b) Ureter (c)Bladder (d) Skin. Urine -Formation ofurine, Composition of normal andabnormal urine. Role of excretorysystem in homeostasis, fluid balance,Regulation of body temperature.• Nervous System – Structure of NerveCell, Fibre, Classification of NervousSystem, Central Nervous System –Brain, Lobes of brain, Cerebrum,Cerebellum, Medulla oblongata,Hypothalamus. Pituitary Gland –structure, Functions, Spinal Cord –structure and functions, Autonomic andSympathetic nervous system.

• Reproductive System – Femalereproductive system – organs, structureand functions Male reproductive system– structure and functions, Menstruation,

Page | 3

b)Biochemistry 10

menstrual cycle, Puberty, Menarche,Menopause, Fertilization of ovum,Conception, Implantation• Sense Organs – Eye – structure andfunction, Ear – structure and function,Skin -structure and function• Glands and Endocrine System –o Liver – structure and functiono Gall Bladder – structure and functiono Enterohepatic circulationo Pancreas – structure and functiono Endocrine systemo Endocrine glands – structure andfunction. Hormone – types andfunctions, role in metabolism.Endocrine disorders

o Regulation of Hormone Secretion

1. Introduction to Biochemistry –Significance of pH, Acid-Base Balance,Cell Structure, Composition,Organelles, Membrane and Function-Alterations and Significance.2. Carbohydrates – Structure andproperties of Mono-saccharides, Di-saccharides, Poly-saccharides. Study ofintermediary metabolism ofcarbohydrates, Glycolysis, Aerobic,Anaerobic, Tricarboxylic acid cycle,Significance of TCA cycle integratingmetabolism of carbohydrates proteinand lipid, Gluconeogenesis,Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Hexosemonophosphate shunt.3. Proteins – Structure, compositionClassification and Function, Structure ofimportant proteins with specialreference to Insulin, myoglobin, andhemoglobin, Binding proteins and theirfunctions – nutritional implications,Chemistry of amino acids, Metabolismof Proteins and amino acids – Build upof amino acid pool. Urea Cycle,Creatinine and Creatine Synthesis,Biochemical parameters and alterationsin disease states and Proteinmalnutrition, Pregnancy, Inborn errorsof metabolism.4. Lipids – Definition, Composition,Classification, Structure and Properties,Lipoproteins, Metabolism of Lipids,

Page | 4

c) FoodMicrobiology,Sanitation AndHygiene

10

Oxidation of fatty acids, Unsaturatedfatty acids, Metabolism of ketonebodies, Biosynthesis of fatty acids,Phosphoglycerides, Biosynthesis ofcholesterol and regulation, Bile acidsand their metabolism, Plasmalipoproteins – Synthesis andMetabolism, Biochemical profile,alterations and significance,Prostaglandins.5. Enzymes – Definition, Classificationspecificity of enzymes -Intracellulardistribution, kinetics, inhibition, Factorsaffecting enzyme activity, Enzymes inclinical diagnosis.6. Nucleic Acids – Composition,Functions, Classification, Structure andproperties of DNA and RNA,Replication and transcription of geneticinformation, Mechanics of DNAreplication, transcription, translation,Genetic code – Protein biosynthesis,Regulation of biosynthesis recombinantDNA Technology. Breakdown of purineand pyrimidine nucleotides.7. Biological Oxidation, ElectronTransport Chain, OxidativePhophorylation.8. Hormones – Mode of Action,Regulation of Metabolism Biochemicalparameters. Endocrinologicalabnormalities and clinical diagnosis.

1. Introduction to Microbiology – Mold,Yeast, Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa,General Classification Family, Genus,Species. Study of their morphology,cultural characteristics and biochemicalactivities. Important microorganisms infoods, general.2. Growth curve of a typical bacterialcell – Effect of intrinsic and extrinsicfactors on growth of organisms, pH,water activity, 0- R potential, nutritionalrequirements, temperature, relativehumidity and gaseous environment.3. Primary sources of micro-organismsin foods – Physical and chemicalmethods used in the destruction ofmicro-organisms, pasteurization,sterilization.4. Fundamentals of control of micro-

Page | 5

organisms in foods – Extrinsic andintrinsic parameters affecting growthand survival of organisms. Use of highand low temperature, controllingmoisture as water content, freezing,freezing-drying, irradiation, and use ofpreservatives in food. Storage of food-correct handling and techniques ofcorrect storage, Temperatures at whichgrowth is retarded and bacteria arekilled, Storage temperatures fordifferent commodities to prevent growthor contamination and spoilage.5. Food spoilage and contamination indifferent kinds of foods and theirprevention – Cereal and cereal products,pulses and legumes, Vegetables andfruits, Meat and meat products, Eggsand poultry, Milk and milk products.6. Public health hazards due tocontaminated foods – Food poisoningand infections -Causative agents,symptoms, sources and mode oftransmission, foods involved, Method ofprevention, Fungal toxins, Investigationand detection of food-borne diseaseoutbreak.7. Microbes used in biotechnology –Useful micro-organisms, Fermentedfoods – raw material used, organismsand the product obtained, Benefits offermentation.8. Indices of food, milk and watersanitary quality. Microbiological criteriaof food, water and milk testing. Foodstandards, PFA, FPO, BNS, MPO,Agmark, Codex Alimentarius.9. Hygiene and its importance andapplication – Personal hygiene – care ofskin, hair, hands, feet, teeth, Use ofcosmetics and jewellery, Grooming,Uniform, Evaluation of personalhygiene, Training staff.10. Safe handling of food – Controlmeasures to prevent food borne diseasesand precautions to be taken by foodhandlers. Reporting of cold, sickness,boils, septic wounds etc.11. Rodents and Insects as carriers offood-borne diseases. Controltechniques.12. Disinfectants, sanitizers, antiseptic

Page | 6

d) HumanNutrition AndMealManagement

10

and germicide. Common disinfectantsused on working surfaces, kitchenequipment, dish washing, hand washingetc. Care of premises and equipment,cleaning of equipment and personaltools immediately after use, use of hotwater in the washing process.13. Waste disposal, collection, storageand proper disposal from the premises.14. Legal administration and qualitycontrol, laws relating to food hygiene.

1. Concept and Definition ofterms – Nutrition, Malnutrition, Health,Brief history of Nutritional Science.Scope of Nutrition.2. Minimum Nutritional Requirementsand RDA. Formulation of RDA andDietary Guidelines – Reference Manand Reference Woman.3. Body Composition and Changesthrough the Life Cycle.4. Energy in Human Nutrition – EnergyBalance, Assessment of EnergyRequirements.5. Proteins – Protein Quality (BV, PER,NPU), Digestion and Absorption,Factors affecting protein bio-availabilityincluding Anti nutritional factors.Requirements.6. Lipids – Digestion and Absorption,Intestinal resynthesis of triglycerides –Types of fatty acids, Role andnutritional significance (SFA, MUFA,PUFA, W-3)• Carbohydrates – Digestion andAbsorption. Blood glucose and Effectsof different carbohydrates on bloodglucose, glycemic index.• Dietary Fibre – Classification,Composition, Properties and Nutritionalstatus significance.• Minerals and Trace Elements –Physiological role, Bioavailability andRequirements.• Vitamins – Physiological role,Bioavailability and Requirements.• Water – Functions, Requirements.• Nutritional requirements for differentage groups with rationale. Factorsaffecting these requirements.• Effect of cooking and home processing

Page | 7

e) CommunityNutrition

10

on digestibility and nutritive value offoods.• Improving nutritional value throughdifferent methods – germination,fermentation, combination of foods.• Basic principles of meal planning.• Nutritional considerations for planningmeals for• Adults – male and female, differentlevels of physical activity.• Pregnancy and Lactation• Feeding of young children 0 -3 years• Old age• Athletes• Nutritional considerations in brief forthe following:• Military, naval personnel• Astronauts and food for space travel• Emergencies such as drought, famine,floods etc.

1. Concept and Scope of CommunityNutrition.2. Food availability and factors affectingfood availability and intake.Agricultural production, post harvesthandling (storage & treatment),marketing and distribution,industrialization, population, economic,regional and socio-cultural factors.Strategies for augmenting foodproduction.3.Q. Assessment of Nutritional status –meaning, need, objectives andimportance. Use of clinical signs,anthropometry, biochemical tests, andbiophysical methods. Assessment offood and nutrient intake through recall,record, weighment.o Food security and adequacy of diets.4. Use of other sources of informationfor assessment.o Sources of relevant statistics.o Infant, child and maternal mortalityrates.o Epidemiology of nutritionally relateddiseases.5. Nutritional problems ofcommunities and implications for publichealth. Common Nutritional Problemsin India. Incidence – National, Regional.

Page | 8

f) Diet Therapy 10

Causes: Nutritional and Non-Nutritional signs, symptoms,effect of deficiency andtreatment

o PEMo Micronutrient Deficiencieso Fluorosiso Correction/Improvements in Diets6. Schemes and Programs in India tocombat Nutritional Problems in India.Role of International, National andVoluntary agencies and Governmentdepartments.7. Hazards to Community Health andNutritional statusO Adulteration in foodO Pollution of water, airO Waste managementO Industrial effluents, sewageO Pesticide residue in foodO Toxins present in food – mycotoxinsetc.8. Nutrition Policy of India and Plan ofAction.9. Health and Nutrition Education –Steps in planning, implementation, andevaluations. Use of educational aids –visual, audio, audio-visual, traditionalmedia etc.

a. Diet Therapy and Nutritional Care inDiseasei. The Nutritional Care Processii. Nutritional Care Planiii. Assessment and Therapy in PatientCareiv. Implementation of Nutritional Careb. Nutritional Intervention – DietModificationsi. Adequate normal diet as a basis fortherapeutic dietsii. Diet Prescriptioniii.Modification of Normal Dietiv. Nomenclature of Diet Adequacy ofStandard Hospital Dietsv. Psychological factors in feeding thesick personc. Interactions between Drugs, FoodNutrients and Nutritional Statusi. Effect of drugs on Food and Intake,Nutrient Absorption, Metabolism, andRequirements.

Page | 9

g) Diet Therapy 10

ii. Drugs affecting intake of foodand nutrientsiii. Absorptioniv. Metabolism and excretionv. Nutritional statusvi. Summary of action of some commondrugsvii. Effect of food, nutrients andnutritional status on absorption andmetabolism of drugsd. Disease of the G. I. System –Nutritional Assessmenti. Pathogenesis of G.I. Disease withspecial reference to upper G. I. Tractand ulcers.1. Diseases of esophagus and dietarycare2. Diseases of stomach and dietary care3. Gastric and duodenal ulcers4. Predisposing factors andTreatment5. Brief medical therapy, rest, antacids,other drugs and dietary care6. Food acidity, foods that causeflatulence, factors that damage G. I.Mucosa7. Foods stimulating G. I. Secretion8. Diet and Eating Pattern9. Diet Recommendations10. Liberal Approach Vs TraditionalApproach11. Possible nutritional and dietaryinadequacies12. Gastrectomyii. Intestinal Diseases1.Flatulence, Constipation, IrritableBowel, Hemorrhoids,. Diarrhoea,Steatorrhoea, Diverticular disease,Inflammatory Bowel Disease,Ulcerative Colitis.2. Treatment and Dietary Care inthe above mentioned conditions.iii. Malabsorption Syndrome1. Celiac Sprue, Tropical Sprue2. Intestinal Brush border deficiencies(Acquired Disaccharide Intolerance)3. Protein Losing Enteropathy4. Dietary Care Process

• Diet in Diseases of the Liver, Pancreasand Biliary System• Nutritional care in Liver disease in the

Page | 10

context of results of specific LiverFunction Tests.• Dietary Care & Management in ViralHepatitis, Cirrhosis of Liver, HepaticEncephalophathy, Wilson’s disease.• Dietary care and management indiseases of Gall Bladder and Pancreas.• Biliary Dyskinesia, Cholelithiasis,Cholecystitis, Cholecystectomy,Pancreatitis, Zollinger- EllisonSyndrome.• Diet in Disease of the EndocrinePancreas Diabetes Mellitus andHypoglycemiaClassificationPhysiological symptoms anddisturbances, diagnosis (FBG andOGTT)• Management of Diabetes Mellitus• Clinical Vs Chemical control• Hormonal Therapy• Oral Hypoglycemic Agents• Home Glucose Monitoring• Glycosylated Hemoglobin• Urine Testing• Exercise• Dietary care and Nutritional Therapy –The Diet Plan, Meal planning with andwithout Insulin, Special Dietetic Foods,Sweeteners and Sugar Substitutes• Diabetes in Pregnancy, Elderly,Surgery, Diabetic diets in Emergency,Illness, Diabetic coma, Insulin reaction,Juvenile diabetes, Patient Education inDiabetes• Hypoglycemia -classification,symptoms, fasting state hypoglycemia,Postprandial or reactive hypoglycemia,Early alimentary and late reactivehypoglycemia, Idiopathichypoglycemia, Dietary treatment inreactive hypoglycemia.• Dietary care in diseases of the AdrenalCortex, Thyroid gland and Parathyroidgland.• Functions of the gland and hormonesand their insufficiency, metabolicimplications, clinical symptoms.• Dietary treatment as supportive toother forms of therapy• Adrenal cortex insufficiency, Hyperand Hypothyroidism (goitre),

Page | 11

h)Diet Therapy 10

Hypoglycemia.

Nutritional care for WeightManagement Regulation of energy intake andbalance of body weight Control of appetite and food intake–Neural control, hormonal control,insulin, estrogen and other peptides andhormones. Identifying the obese Types of obesity, Health risks Causes, Psychology of obesity,Theories of obesity, Physiology of theobese state Thermogenesis, Thyroid hormones Treatment of Obesity Dietsin Obesity – Starvation, Fasting Evaluation of some common diets,Protein-sparing modified fast, Highprotein diets Balanced Energy Reduction Foods to include, fibre foods allowedas desired, alcohol, snacks andbeverages Psychology of weight reduction Behavioural Modification –Psychotherapy, pharmacology, exercise& physical activity, Surgery, preventionof weight gain & obesity. Underweight – Etiology andAssessment, High calorie diets forweight gain, Diet plan, Suggestions forincreasing calories in the diet, AnorexiaNervosa and Bulimia

1. Diseases of the Circulatory System Atherosclerosis – Etiology, riskfactors, diet Hyperlipidemias Brief review of Lipoproteins and theirmetabolism Clinical and nutritional aspects ofHyperlipidemias Classification and Dietary care ofHyperlipidemias Nutritional care in Cardiovasculardisease(Ischemic heart disease Pathogenesis ofsodium and water retention inCongestive Heart Disease. Acute andChronic Cardiac Disease, Acute –

Page | 12

Stimulants, food & consistency, Chronic– Compensated and decompensatedstates, Sodium Restriction in CardiacDiseases, Diet in Hypertension –Etiology, Prevalence, Renin-Angiotensin mechanism, Salt and Bloodpressure, Drugs and Hypertension,Cerebrovascular diseases and diet inbrief)2. Anemia Resulting from Acute Hemorrhage Nutritional anemia Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia Pathogenesis and dietarymanagement in the above conditions3. Renal Disease Physiology & function of normalkidney – a brief review Diseases of the kidney, classification Glomerulo nephritis – Acute andChronic – Etiology, Characteristics,Objectives, Principles of DietaryTreatment and Management Nephrotic syndrome – objectives,principles of Dietary Treatment andManagement.Uremia and Renal Failure History, General Principles of ProteinNutrition in Renal Failure and Uremia. Acute Renal Failure– Causes, dietarymanagement fluid, sodium andpotassium balance, protein and energyrequirements Chronic renal failure medicaltreatment, Renal transplants. Dialysisand types hemodialysis, PeritonealDialysis & Continuous AmbulatoryPeritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). DietaryManagement in conservative treatment,dialysis and after renal transplantation. Use of Sodium and PotassiumExchange lists in Renal (diet planning). Chronic renal failure in patients withdiabetes mellitus Chronic renal failure in children Nephrolithiases – Etiology, types ofstones, Nutritional care, alkaline-ashdiets4. Allergy Definitions, symptoms, mechanism offood allergy

Page | 13

Diagnosis– History, Food record Biochemical andImmunotesting (Brief) Elimination diets Food selection Medications (brief) Prognosis food Allergy in infancy –Milk sensitive enteropathy; Colic,Intolerance to breast milk, prevention ofFood Allergy.5. Diseases of Nervous System,Behavioural Disorders and MusculoSkeletal System Neuritis and polyneuritis Migraine, headache Epilepsy Multiple sclerosis Hyperkinetic Behaviour Syndrome Orthromolecular psychiatry andmental illness (Brief) Definition,etiology, dietary treatment andprognosis in the above conditions. Arthritis– Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis Symptoms, dietary management6. Nutrition in Cancer Types, symptoms, detectionCancer therapies and treatment – sideeffects and nutritional implications Goals of care and guidelines for oralfeeding Accommodating side effects Enteral tube feeding – Nasogastric,Gastrostomy, Jejunostomy Parenteral Nutrition Pediatric patients with cancer The terminal cancer patient7. Nutrition in Physiological Stress Physiological stress and its effect onbody, nutritional implications. Fevers and infections Surgery and Management of SurgicalConditions Parenteral Nutrition – Types, mode,and composition of feeds Tube feeding – Routes, modes,composition, care to be taken duringfeeding Dietary guidelines Burns

Page | 14

i) NutritionEducation AndDieteticCounseling

10

Metabolic implications – nutritionalrequirement Management and nutritional care Nutritional Management of Patientswith HIV, AIDS Nutritional Management –Counselling and Management Goals of care Timing of food presentation Guidelines for oral feedinganti-tumour therapy Accommodating taste changes External tube feeding Parenteral nutrition Patient co-operation Pediatric patients with cancer The terminal cancer patient Misconceptions in nutritional care

i. Dietician as part of the Medical Teamand Outreach Services.ii. Clinical Information – MedicalHistory and Patient Profile Techniquesof obtaining relevant information,Retrospective information, DietaryDiagnosis, Assessing food and nutrientintakes, Lifestyles, Physical activity,Stress, Nutritional Status. CorrelatingRelevant Information and identifyingareas of need.iii. The Care Process – Setting goalsand objectives short term and long term,Counselling and Patient Education,Dietary Prescription.iv. Motivating Patients.v. Working with –1. Hospitalized patients (adults,pediatric, elderly, and handicapped),adjusting and adopting to individualneeds.2. Outpatients (adults, pediatric, elderly,handicapped), patients’ education,techniques and modes.vi. Follow up, Monitoring andEvaluation of outcome, Home visitsvii. Maintaining records, Reportingfindings, Applying findings, Resourcesand Aids for education and counselling,Terminating counselling, Education forindividual patients, Use of regionallanguage, linguistics in communicationprocess, Counselling and education.

Page | 15

j) FoodServicesManagement

10i. Introduction to food services andcatering industry, Development of FoodService Institutions in India, Types ofServices as affected by changes in theenvironment.ii. Hospital food service as a speciality –Characteristics, rates and services of thefood production, service andmanagement in hospitals. Role of theFood Service Manager / Dietitian.iii. Organizations – Types oforganizations and characteristics.Organizational charts.iv. Catering Management Definition,Principles and Functions, Tools ofManagement Resources. Attributes of asuccessful manager.v. . Approaches to ManagementTraditional, Systems Approach, TotalQuality Management.vi. Management of Resources –Capital, Space, Equipment andFurniture, Materials, Staff, Time andEnergy, Procedures Physical facilitydesign and planning. Equipmentselection.vii. Purchase and store roommanagement – Purchase systems,specifications, food requisition andinventory systems, quality assurance.viii. Human Resource Management1. Definition, Development andpolicies2. Recruitment Selection, Induction3. Employment procedures: EmployeeBenefits, Training and Development,Human Relations, Job description, Jobspecifications, Job evaluation, Personnelappraisal.4. Trade Union Negotiations andSettlement.ix. Financial Management (in briefsince there is a separate subject FoodCost and Quality Control) – Elements ofFinancial management, Budget Systemsand accounting, Budget preparation.x. Food Production and ServiceOperations

Page | 16

1. General Planning2. Preliminary planning3. Consideration of patients withspecific nutritional and dietary needs,labour use and productivity.4. Flow pattern.

3 PrivateSecretary

Essential Qualification:(i) Degree from arecognized University.(ii) Skill Test Norms:Dictation : 7 Minutes @120 WPMTranscription – 45Minutes English or 60Minutes Hindi on aComputer

Desirable:(i) Diploma/ Certificate inSecretarial Practice froma recognized Institute.(ii) Excellent commandover Hindi and English(Written and spoken)(iii) Ability to usecomputers(iv) Diploma inSecretarial Practice orequivalent.

a) GeneralIntelligence &Reasoning

b) GeneralAwareness

c) QuantitativeAptitude

d) EnglishLanguage andComprehension

(e)SecretarialPracticeconcepts

(f)Basiccomputerknowledge

20

10

10

20

20

20

(a) to (d) : --Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

(e) Secretarial Practice concepts:-

Introduction to Stenography ,ConsonantsVowels, Diphthongs, Triphones,Diphones and Abbreviated 'W'Grammalogues, Punctuation Signs andPhraseographyAlternative Forms of 'R' and 'H'Circles, Loops & HooksCompound Consonants and MedialSemi-CircleUpward and Downward 'L' and 'SH'Halving and Doubling PrinciplesContractions, Prefixes, Suffixes,Intersections, Figures and AdvancedPhrases

(f) Basic Computer Knowledge:Introduction to MS Windows, MSOffice, Basics of Internet etc.

4 MedicoSocialWorker

Essential Qualification &Experience:

(i) MA (Social Work)/MSW, with specializationin Medical Social Work,from a recognizedUniversity/ Institution

(ii) 5 Years’ Experiencein a government or

a) Framework:Social Welfare

10 The concept of Social WelfareSocial Welfare: Concept, need andobjectives

Philosophy of Social Welfare andSocial work

Social welfare in historicalperspective Changing concepts andpractices of social welfare in

Page | 17

private sector hospital ofminimum 500 beds in linewith welfare or HealthAgency, preferablydealing with Medical /Public Health Service.

Desirable: Ability to usecomputers - Hands onexperience in officeapplications, spreadsheets and presentations.

b) Framework:Social Welfare

c) Psychologyand MentalHealth:Fundamentals

10

10

relation to social, economic andindustrial development

Changing political philosophy andits impact on social welfare

Social Welfare and related terms(1)Social Development (2) SocialPlanning and social administration(3) Social reform (4) SocialSecurity (5) Social Policy (6) SocialAction (7) Social justice (8)Socialand welfare services (9) Sociallegislation (10) Human Rights

Professional Social work anIntroduction The concept ofprofessional social work-alignment ofscientific and humanitarian motives forpromoting social welfare.

The basic principles and values ofprofessional social work and theirrelationship to the values of IndianSociety

Evolution of professional social work inUK, USA,

Evolution of Professional Social workin India.

Social work as a profession Nature andcharacteristics of a profession

The basic values and Principles ofprofessional social work Professionalstatus of Social work in India Code ofethics for social workers

Methods of Social Work PrimaryMethods of Social work Secondarymethods of Social work

Integrated approach of social workInterface between Professional andvoluntary social work

Mental Health & Psychology

Psychology : Definitions and Fields

Mental Health : Meaning, Definitions,

Page | 18

d)DevelopmentalSociology

10

Characteristics

Normal & Abnormal Behaviour :Meaning, Characteristics

Human Development : Heredity andEnvironment

Meaning, Definition and scope ofMental Hygiene

Characteristics and Importance ofMental Hygiene

Aims of Mental Hygiene

Principles of Mental Hygiene

Programme of Mental Hygiene

Developmental Stages

Developmental Stages I : Prenatal,Infancy

Developmental Stages II : Babyhood,Childhood

Developmental Stages III : Puberty,Adolescence, Adulthood.

Developmental Stages III : Middle age,Old age.

Personality Development

1. Psycho-Sexual developmenttheory: Sigmund Freud 2. Psycho-Social development theory: ErickErickson 3. Defence Mechanism 4.Perspectives of PsychopathologyUnit

Social Psychology

Nature and scope of social psychology

Attitude: nature and measurement ofattitude prejudice and discrimination

Communication: concept, methods,skills in communication, majorobstacles

Mass communication, public opinion,

Page | 19

e) Sociology:TheoreticalPerspective

f) Sociology:Polity &Economy

10

10

propaganda, fashion, social facilitationcrowd behavior.

Conceptual & Theoretical Perspectivesto Understand Society

1. Society: Nature, Approaches,Functions, Theories of Society(Evolutionary, Cyclical, Conflict andSystems theories).

2. Social Group: Concept &Characteristics of Primary Group,Secondary Group, Reference Group.

3. Social Institutions: Family, Marriage,Kinship, Property (Present trends).

4. Culture: Concept of Culture,Traditions, Customs, Values and Norms

Social System and Social Process ofContemporary Society

1. Social System & Sub system:Structure & Function, Classification ofSystem.

2. Social Structures: Status & Role.

3. Social Process: Meaning and kinds ofSocial Interaction, Socialization,Cooperation, Conflict, Assimilation,Social control.

1. State: Elements, Role and Functions.

2. Democratic government & process.

3. The nature of economic development,Classification of Developing Countries,

4. Meaning of Globalization,Liberalization, Privatization.

: Social Stratification and Social Changein Contemporary Society

1. Social Stratification: Caste, Caste &Democracy, Tribes.

2. Social Change: Concept, Factors,

Page | 20

g) Problems ofContemporaryIndian Society

h) Social WorkResearch &Statistics

10

10

Western theories.

3. Theories of Social Change in India:Sanskritization, Westernization,Modernization, Secularization.

1. Social Problem: Concept, Factors,Theories.

2. Poverty: Causes, Factors, Extent,Consequences, Theories, Measures,Impact on society.

3. Population Explosion: Causes,Factors, Extent, Consequences,Measures, Impact on society.

4. Unemployment: Causes, Factors,Extent, Consequences, Theories,Measures, Impact on society. 4.Environment pollution: Causes, Factors,Extent, Consequences, Theories,Measures, Impact on society.

5. Malnutrition: Causes, Factors, Extent,Consequences, Theories, Measures,Impact on society. 6.Positive andnegative impact of SocialMedia(Internet, Face Book, SocialMedia, Television, Cinema, Mobile etc.)

Research: Nature & Concept Natureand Characteristics of Scientificmethod and Social Phenomenon

Meaning and definition of ResearchNature scope and importance ofresearch

Types and Concepts used inResearch Types of research:Historical, Descriptive, Analytical,Experimental, Interdisciplinary,Participative, action and evaluativeresearch.

Concepts used in research:Variables, Attributes, Universe,Sample, Hypothesis, matching,Measurement,

Problem Formulation and HypothesisTesting Problem formulation:

Page | 21

i) Social WorkResearch &Statistics

j) Groups andSocial works

10

10

Identifying probable issues for research,selecting specific research issue,formulation of objectives, clarifying theobjective. Concepts and relevance ofHypothesis formulation and testing:Level of Significance, Degree ofFreedom, Type 1 Type 2 Error.

Data Collection and Analysis

Methods of tools of data collection:Observation and Interview Schedule,Questionnaire, and secondary methodsof data collection.

Sampling design: Probability and non-probability Data processing andanalysis, interpretation and reportwriting

Research Design Research design:Concept, Meaning and importance ofresearch Design

Types of Research Design:Experimental Design: After only,Before-After, Ex-post factoexperimental Design Non ExperimentalDesign: Exploratory, Descriptive andDiagnostic

Understanding Concepts of Group Work

Concept of Group and its importance inhuman life cycle, Types of GroupsConcept,

Social Group Work as a method ofSocial Work 1.Theories and Models inSocial Group Work 2.Values andDistinctive Principles of Social GroupWork 3. Role of Group Worker 4.SocialGroup Work in Different fields 5.GroupWork in Institutional settings6.Understanding Individual in theGroup Process and Group as a Totality

Social Group Work Process andProgrammes 1 Steps or Process ofGroup Formation 2. Stages / Phases inGroup Development 3. Factors affectingGroup Development and Role of SocialWorker in different Stages of GroupDevelopment 4. Concept and

Page | 22

Importance of Programme in GroupWork Practice 5. Programme Planning,Development and ImplementationProcess

Skills, Techniques, Recording andEvaluation in Social Group Work 1.Skills of Group Worker- For GroupDevelopment, Programme Planning,and Programme Implementation 2.Recording in Group Work: Principlesand Types of Recording, Techniques ofRecordingObservation, Sociogram. 3.Evaluation in Group Work- Importanceof Continuous evaluation in GroupWork, Types and Methods ofEvaluation

Group Process and Dynamics 1. Socialprocesses in group work 2. Leadershipand its development in group workprocess 3. Communication in Group 4.Group Dynamics:- Group Bond, Group-Conflict, Confrontation, Apathy andGroup Control

5 AssistantAdministrativeOfficer

Essential Qualification:Degree from recognizedUniversity or itsequivalent

Desirable:(i) MBA/ PG diploma inmanagement fromrecognised Institutes.(ii) Knowledge ofGovernment Rules andRegulations.(iii) Proficiency inComputers.


15 (a) General Intelligence & Reasoning: Itwould include questions of both verbaland non-verbal type. This componentmay include questions on analogies,similarities and differences, spacevisualization, spatial orientation,problem solving, analysis, judgement,decision making, visual memory,discrimination, observation, relationshipconcepts, arithmetical reasoning andfigural classification, arithmetic numberseries, non-verbal series, coding anddecoding, statement conclusion,syllogistic reasoning etc. The topics are,Semantic Analogy, Symbolic/NumberAnalogy, Figural Analogy, SemanticClassification, Symbolic/NumberClassification, Figural Classification,Semantic Series, Number Series, FiguralSeries, ProblemSolving, Word Building, Coding & de-coding, Numerical Operations, symbolicOperations, Trends, Space Orientation,Space Visualization, Venn Diagrams,Drawing inferences, Punchedhole/pattern –folding & unfolding,Figural Pattern – folding andcompletion, Indexing, Addressmatching, Date & city matching,Classification of centre codes/rollnumbers, Small & Capital

Page | 23

b) GeneralAwareness

c)QuantitativeAptitude


15

15

15

letters/numbers coding, decoding andclassification, Embedded Figures,Critical thinking, EmotionalIntelligence, Social Intelligence, Othersub-topics, if any.

(b): General Awareness: Questions inthis component will be aimed at testingthe candidate’s general awareness of theenvironment around him and itsapplication to society. Questions willalso be designed to test knowledge ofcurrent events and of such matters ofevery day observations and experiencein their scientific aspect as may beexpected of any educated person. Thetest will also include questions relatingto India and its neighboring countriesespecially pertaining History, Culture,Geography, Economic Scene, GeneralPolicy & Scientific Research.

(c): Quantitative Aptitude: Thequestions will be designed to test theability of appropriate use of numbersand number sense of the candidate. Thescope of the test will be computation ofwhole numbers, decimals ,fractions andrelationships between numbers,Percentage. Ratio & Proportion, Squareroots, Averages, Interest, Profit andLoss, Discount, Partnership Business,Mixture and Alligation, Time anddistance, Time & Work, Basic algebraicidentities of School Algebra &Elementary surds, Graphs of LinearEquations, Triangle and its variouskinds of centres, Congruence andsimilarity of triangles, Circle and itschords, tangents, angles subtended bychords of a circle, common tangents totwo or more circles, Triangle,Quadrilaterals, Regular Polygons ,Circle, Right Prism, Right CircularCone, Right Circular Cylinder, Sphere,Hemispheres, RectangularParallelepiped, Regular Right Pyramidwith triangular or square base,Trigonometric ratio, Degree and RadianMeasures, Standard Identities,Complementary angles, Heights andDistances, Histogram, Frequencypolygon, Bar diagram & Pie chart

(d): English Comprehension:Candidates’ ability to understand correctEnglish, his basic comprehension andwriting ability, etc. would be tested.

The questions in Parts A, B, & D will be

Page | 24

e) Basicconcepts ofManagement &Computers

f) Central Govt.Service Rules

20

20

of a level commensurate with theessential qualification viz. Graduationand questions in Part C will be of 10thstandard level.

(e): Basic concepts of Management &Computers: Principles of Management,Organisation behaviour, MS Office, MSWindows, Fundamentals of Computers,Internet etc.

(f): Central Government Rules:Questions relating to CCS(Leave) Rule,CCS(Conduct) Rules, General ServiceCondition, Office Procedures, Types ofcorrespondence, RTI Act, 2005, LTC,Travelling Allowance etc

6 Programmer(DataProcessingAssistant)

Essential Qualification:BE/B.Tech (Comp.Sc./Comp.Engg.)ORPost-Graduation inComputer Application

from a recognized

University or Institution.


b) GeneralAwarenessc) QuantitativeAptitude

d) Subjectknowledge

10

10

10

70

(a) to (c) : - Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

(d):- Subject knowledgeProgramming Skills-Introduction to C Language, Structureof C program, Data Types, Variables,Constants, Input/Output Management,Arrays, Functions, Pointers, Structures,Types of Error Handling, Introductionto OOPS, Classes, and Objects, Basicconcepts of OOPS, Structure of C++Program, Copy Constructors,Destructors, Friend FunctionsOperating System and SoftwareEngineering –Operating System, Types of OperatingSystem, Threads, Inter ProcessCommunication, Concurrency,Synchronization, Deadlock, MemoryManagement and Virtual Memory,Information Systems and SofwareEngineering, Data Flow Diagrams,Planning and Managing the project

Data Structures and Algorithms –Abstract Data Types, Stacks, Queues,Linked Lists, Trees, Binary searchTrees, Graphs, Types of Graph,Searching, Sorting, AlgorithmsAnalysis, Asymptotic complexity

Computer Networks –OSI Model, Concept of Layering,Communication Media, LANTechnologies, Flow and error control

Page | 25

Techniques, Application LayerProtocols, Basics of Wi-Fi

Data Base Management Systems –DataBase Environment, Advantages ofDatabase approach, Database Users,Data Models and Schemas, DBMSArchitecture, Database Languages andInterfaces, Database DevelopmentProcess, Introduction to DataModeling,Entity Relationship Model

7 ChiefCashier

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) Graduate inCommerce.(ii) Possessing five years’Experience of handling

cash and accounts work

in Government

Organization.


b) GeneralAwareness



e) GovernmentAccountingSystem &Budgeting

f) FundamentalPrinciples andBasic Conceptsof Accounting

10

10

10

10

20

40


(e) Introduction of GovernmentAccounting System and GovernmentBudgeting.

(f) Fundamental Principles and BasicConcepts of Accounting :Financial Accounting - Nature andscope, Limitations of FinancialAccounting, Basic Concepts andConventions, Generally AcceptedPrinciples. Basic Concepts ofAccounting: Single and Double EntrySystem, Books of Original Entry, BankReconciliation, Journal, Ledgers, TrialBalance, Rectification of Errors,Manufacturing, Trading, Profit & LossAppropriation Accounts, Balance Sheet,Distinction between Capital andRevenue Expenditure, DepreciationAccounting, Valuation of Inventories,Non-profit making organizations’Accounts, Receipts and Payments,Income & Expenditure Accounts, Billsof Exchange, Self-Balancing Ledgers.

8 Maternity &ChildWelfareOfficer

Essential Qualification:

Degree or Diploma in

General Nursing and

Midwifery or equivalentfrom a recognized

University/Institution

a)BasicSciences

10 (i) Describe the anatomical andbiochemical structures so as toexplain the physiological functionsof human body and factors, whichmay disturb these, and mechanismof such disturbances.

Page | 26

Essential Experience in

family welfare

programme:

1 year for degree holders2 years for Diploma

holders

b)Nutrition andDietetics

c) Psychology,Mental Healthand PsychiatricNursing

10

10

(ii) Describe various groups ofmicro-organisms of clinicalimportance.

(iii) Identify and take appropriatemeasures including disinfection andsterilization for the prevention ofdiseases in the hospital andcommunity.

(iv) Collect and handle specimensfor various diagnostic tests.

(v) Enumerate weights andmeasures and demonstrate skill incalculation of dosage andpreparation of solutions.

(vi) Read and interpret prescriptionsand care for drugs according to theregulations.

(vii) Describe various groups ofdrugs acting on different systems ofthe body.

(viii) Recognize the toxic symptomsrelated to common drugs and poisons.

(i) Describe various nutrients andtheir importance in the maintenanceof health.

(ii) Plan diets suitable to socio-economic status for different agegroups and physiologicalconditions.

(iii) Detect nutritional deficienciesand explain their prevention andmanagement.

(iv) Plan therapeutic diets for variousdisease conditions.

(i) Describe normal and deviationsin behavior among various agegroups and their cause.

(ii) Explain the principles ofpsychology and its application in

Page | 27

d)Fundamentalsof Nursing

e) CommunityHealth Nursingand FamilyWelfarePrograms

10

10

health and diseases.

(iii) Interpret behavior of self andothers.

(iv) Recognize deviations fromnormal behavior and provideguidance and counseling.

(v) Explain the dynamics ofpatient’s behavior and itsapplication in providing nursingcare.

(vi) Demonstrate skill incommunication and maintaininterpersonal relations.

(vii) Describe various therapies utilizedin psychiatry and the various roles ofnurses in psychiatric nursing.

(i) Describe nursing as a profession,its scope, etiquettes & ethics.

(ii) Provide first aid treatments.

(iii) To provide congenial and safeenvironment to the patient.

(iv) Carry out basic nursingprocedures for the care of thepatients with an understanding ofthe scientific principles involved.

(v) Make accurate observations andrecords.

(vi) Administer prescribedmedications and carry outtreatments.

(vii) Maintain records of patients andnursing care.

(i) Describe personal,environmental, social and culturalfactors contributing to health ofindividual, family and community.

(ii) Explain methods of control ofspread of diseases.

Page | 28

f) Medical andSurgicalNursing

10

(iii) Identify the needs for healtheducation and impart and evaluatethe effect of the same to patients,families and community.

(iv) Prepare and use appropriateaudio-visual aids for impartinghealth education.

(v) Recognize symptoms of socialdisorganization and socialpathology.

(vi) To demonstrate skills inmedico-social work.

(vii) Explain the principles ofhealth care to mothers and childrenand the services available for themin urban and rural communities.

(viii) Identify deviations fromnormal amongst mother andchildren and take necessary actionin clinics, health centres and homes.

(ix) Educate the community aboutneed and methods of familyplanning.

(x) Demonstrate skill in communitydiagnosis and in delivery of communitynursing services in accordance with thenational health care system.

(i) Explain the causes, patho-physiology, symptoms, treatmentand prophylactic measures incommon medical and surgicalconditions affecting varioussystems of the body.

(ii) Provide patient centered nursingcare to patients with commonmedical and surgical conditionsaffecting various systems of thebody.

(iii) Prepare operation theatre forsurgery and assist in operativeprocedures.

(iv) Identify common equipment

Page | 29

g) Medical andSurgicalNursing

h) PediatricNursing

i) ObstetricalNursing

10

10

10

used in operation theatre

(v) Explain the anesthesia used, withtheir effects and dangers, and care for ananesthetized patient until such time ashe recovers from the effect ofanesthesia.

Recognize and provide first aid in caseof common emergencies using theresuscitation equipment includingintubation.

Care for critically ill patients whorequired support for maintainingvital functions.

Provide first aid in case of disaster,emergency and accidents anddemonstrate skill in transporting thecasualties.

Organize casualty/emergencyservices.

(i) Describe growth and development,nutritional and psychological needs ofchildren at different age group.

(ii) Explain basic principlesinvolved in pediatric nursing.

(iii) Provide nursing management toneonates and children with medicaland surgical disorders.

(iv) Recognize emergencies inneonates and children and takeappropriate first aid measures.

(v) Manage normal newborn andlow birth weight baby.

(vi) Describe various aspects ofpreventive pediatric nursing and beable to practice them whilerendering nursing care in a hospitalor community.

(i) Explain anatomy and physiologyof pregnancy, child-birth and

Page | 30

j) Principles ofAdministrationandSupervision,Education andTrends inNursing

10

puerperium.

(ii) Provide antenatal care tomothers.

(iii) Conduct normal deliveryindependently in a hospital andcommunity and recognizeabnormalities and make timelyreferral to doctor.

(iv) Perform episiotomy and suturea first and second -degree tear.

(v) Guide and supervisemultipurpose workers to carry ondomiciliary services to mothers andchildren

(vi) Describe the management ofcommon obstetrical emergenciesneeding immediate treatment.

(vii) Provide family welfare advice.

(i) Explain the principles ofadministration and its application tohealth administration at different levels.

(ii) Describe the organizationalpattern for nursing components ofhospital and public health service.

(iii) Maintain effective humanrelations to improve efficiency ofthe staff.

(iv) Describe the principles ofsupervision and develop skill insupervisory techniques.

(v) Explain the trends in nursingand nursing education in India andabroad.

(vi) Appreciate the emergence ofnursing as a profession and therights, responsibilities andadjustment in professional life.

(vii) Use different methods ofteaching applicable to nursing.

Page | 31

9 BioMedicalEngineer


B.E./B.Tech in Bio

Medical Engineering

from a recognized

Institution/University.

OR

Diploma Bio Medical

Engineering from a

recognized Institution

with 2 years’ experiencein relevant field.

a) General

Intelligence &

Reasoning

b) General

Awareness

c) Quantitative

Aptitude


e) Subjectknowledge ofBio MedicalEngineering

10

5

5

10

70

(a) to (d) : - Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

(e): Subject Knowledge: ComputerProgramming, Electronic Devices AndCircuits, Circuit Theory, TransformsAnd Partial Differential Equations,Signals And Systems, Sensors AndMeasurements, Object OrientedProgramming And Data Structures,Probability And Random Processes,Basics Of Electrical Engineering,Analog And Digital Ics, Pathology AndMicrobiology, Analog And DigitalCommunication, Circuits And IcsLaboratory, Pathology AndMicrobiology Laboratory, Bio ControlSystems, Object Oriented ProgrammingAnd Data Structures, Probability AndRandom Processes, Basics Of ElectricalEngineering, Analog And Digital Ics,Pathology And Microbiology, AnalogAnd Digital Communication, CircuitsAnd Ics Laboratory, Pathology AndMicrobiology Laboratory, Bio ControlSystems, Diagnostic And TherapeuticEquipment, Bio Materials And ArtificialOrgans, Biomedical Instrumentation,Microprocessor And Microcontroller,Hospital Management, Radiological

Page | 32

Equipment, Biomechanics, PrinciplesOf Digital Signal Processing,Environmental Science AndEngineering, Digital Signal ProcessingLaboratory, Diagnostic And TherapeuticEquipment (Ecg, Eeg, Usg, Ct Scan,Mri, Infusion Pumps, Cardiac MonitorsEtc.), Pattern Recognition And NeuralNetworks, Medical Informatics,Medical Optics, Digital ImageProcessing, Hospital Training,Rehabilitation Engineering Etc

10 PACSAdministrator

Essential Qualification &

Experience:

BE/B. Tech/MCA + 2years’ experience inMedical IT systems/

PACS

a) GeneralIntelligence&Reasoning

b) GeneralAwareness


d) Subjectknowledge ofPACS

10

10

10

70

a) to (c) : - Same as that ofAssistant AdministrativeOfficer

(d): Subject Knowledge :

Department Organization: DigitalImaging and PACS

Digital Imaging and PACS : PictureArchiving and Communication System

Digital Imaging and PACS : whatshould a radiologist expect from PACS

Digital Imaging and PACS : Imageprocessing in Computed Radiography

Intravascular Contrast Media

Whole body Computed Tomography :Recent Advances

Magnetic Resonance Imaging basicPrinciples Ultrasound : generalPrinciples

Radionuclide Imaging : GeneralPrinciples

Radionuclide Imaging : PediatricNuclear Medicine

Page | 33

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Functional and Physiological Imaging

Medicolegal issues in DiagnosticRadiology

Radiation Protection and patient dosesin diagnostic radiology

11 VocationCounselor


Experience:

(i) Post Graduate Degreein Psychology from a

recognized Institution /

University.

(ii) Post Graduate

Diploma in Rehabilitation

Psychology / VocationalCounselling / Vocational

Guidance and Training /

Vocational Rehabilitation

from a recognized

Institution / University.

(iii) 3 years’ experiencein the Rehabilitation of

the Orthopedically

Handicapped in a

recognized Institution /

Hospital.

a) Nature andconcept ofguidance, typesof guidance

b) Informationand techniquesessential foreffectiveguidance

c) Stages of

10

10

10

Nature and scope of guidance.

Concept, definition, basic assumptionsand principles of guidance.

Importance of understanding theindividual, Barriers to understanding,Aids in understanding, measurementand application of self-understanding,Guidance movement in India.

Educational Guidance: Nature, Pupilpersonnel work, pupil appraisalinformation,

Role of teacher, Preparation andtraining, School curriculum andguidance,

Vocational guidance: Nature, study ofoccupations, occupational information,

Theories of occupational choices, Jobplacement and Satisfaction.

Personal Guidance: Nature of emotionalproblem, adjustment problems ofadolescents and delinquents: preventionand treatment.

Achievement and aptitude tests,Personality and interest inventories,School records and reports

Occupational information: Collection,Classification and dissemination.

Individual and Group guidance.

Organization of guidance programmer:Types and basic procedures.

Characteristics of different stages of

Page | 34

humandevelopmentand areas ofguidance

d) Meaning &types ofcounseling

e) Approachesof counseling

f) Areas ofcounseling(Counselingskills)

g) Counseling forexceptionalchildren andadolescents.

10

10

10

10

development (Physical, Cognitive,Emotional, Social and Moral).

Problems of childhood andadolescence.

Problems of adulthood and aged.

Role of teacher in providing guidanceservices.

Meaning, Historical development andImportance of Counseling

Individual and Group Counseling

Emerging Trends in Counseling

Approaches of Counseling: Directive,Non directive, and Elective.

Qualities and Professional Ethics of aCounselor.

Counseling Families ConcerningChildren, Counseling with Parents,Counseling the Delinquent, MarriageCounseling, Premarital Counseling,Counseling the Handicapped, CareerCounseling, and AdolescentCounseling.

Role of Counselor in developing GoodMental Health.

Building Trust: Listening, Attending,Observing, Building Rapport,Demonstrating Empathy.

Specialized Concerns in Counseling:Substance Abuse, Drug Addiction; HIVAIDS; Child Abuse (Trauma); Internetand Technological Abuse.

Types of different abilities.

Needs & Problems of children andadolescents with different abilities

Page | 35

Types, needs andproblems ofspecial children

h)Identificationand diagnosisof problemareas

i) Interventionprogrammes

j) Careerdevelopment

10

10

10

Importance of counseling of studentswith different abilities and their parents,family and peers.

Identification of personal, Social &academic problems of children (5-12year) at elementary level

Identification of academic, social &vocational needs & problems ofadolescents (13 to 18 years) atsecondary level.

Diagnosis of Problem areas, stress as acause of Mental, Emotional, Physical,Social behavior and academic problems.

Individual and group counseling ofchildren and adolescents for emotional,social, behavioral and academicproblems.

Relaxation strategies, yoga &meditation therapies for children andadolescents for reducing stress and otherrelated problems.

Meaning and historical development ofcareer counseling.

Concept of Career development.

Different stages of career development.

Emerging career options in presentcontext.

BASES OF CAREERDEVELOPMENT

Vocational Development: reports ofvarious educational commissions andcommittees.

Identifying and analyzing career choicesand career talents.

Need for career education in schools.

PRESENT CONDITIONS ANDCAREER EDUCATION

Changing economic conditions of

Page | 36

society and the job market.

Psycho-social conditions of theindividuals.

Advancement of technology andsurvival skills.

Problems pertaining to work, family,education and leisure.

CAREER CHOICE AND DECISIONMAKING

Career maturity: concepts and factors.

Empowering students in career decisionmaking (strategies)

Matching career talents with careerdecision making.

Guidance for developing life goals &choices

PILLARS OF EDUCATION ANDLIFE SKILLS

Need for Life Skills Education.

Importance of Life Skills for GrowingMinds.

Components of Life Skills. Importanceof Emotional, Social and ThinkingSkills.

Concept of Four Pillars of Education:Learning to Know, Learning to Do,Learning to Live Together, andLearning to Be.

12 SeniorHindiOfficer


Experience: Master's

Degree of a recognized

University in Hindi withEnglish as a compulsory

or elective subject or as

the medium of

examination at the Degree

Level. OR Master's

Degree of a recognizedUniversity in English

a) GeneralHindi

b) GeneralEnglish

35

30

a) General Hindi

b)General English Questions in thiscomponent will be designed to test theCandidate’s understanding andknowledge of Hindi & EnglishLanguages and will be based on errorrecognition, fill in the blanks (usingverbs, preposition, articles etc.),

Page | 37

with Hindi as a

compulsory or elective

subject or as the medium

of examination at theDegree Level. OR

Master’s Degree of arecognized University in

any subject other than

Hindi or English with

Hindi medium andEnglish as a compulsory

or elective subject or as

the medium of an

examination at the Degree

Level; OR Master’sDegree of a recognizedUniversity in any subject

other than Hindi or

English with English

medium and Hindi as a


subject or as the mediumof a examination at the

Degree Level; OR

Master’s Degree of arecognized University in

any subject other than

Hindi or English withHindi and English as


subjects or either of the

two as a medium of

examination and the other

as a compulsory orelective subject at Degree

Level; AND Recognized

Diploma or Certificate

Course in Translation

from Hindi to English &

vice versa or two years’experience of Translation

Work from Hindi to

English and vice versa in

Central or State

Government Office

including Government

c) Translation

from Hindi to

English andvice

versa

35

vocabulary, spellings, grammar,

Sentence structure, synonyms,antonyms, sentence completion, correctuse of words, phrases and idioms,ability to write language correctly,precisely and effectively.

c) Translation of small paragraphsconsisting of 3-4 sentences from Hindito English and vice versa

Questions in this part should bedesigned to test the knowledge oftranslation.

13 AssistantStoresOfficer

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) Degree from arecognized University/


15 (a) to (d) : --Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

Page | 38

Institution;(ii) Post-graduateDegree/Diploma inMaterial Managementfrom a recognizedUniversity/Institution;OR(iii) Bachelor’s Degree inMaterial Management

from a recognizedUniversity/Institution and

3 years' experience in

Store handling

(preferably Medical

Stores).

b) GeneralAwareness



e) Basicconcepts ofMaterialManagement

f) Latest Govt.initiatives inpublicprocurementpolicy

15

15

15

20

20

(e):- Basic concepts of MaterialManagement: Purchase Management,Inventory Management, LogisticsManagement, Packaging etc.

(f): - Latest Govt. initiatives in publicProcurement policy - GeM, GFR 2017etc.

14 AssistantEngineer(Civil)

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate in CivilEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute with5 years’ experience indesign and engineering ofCivil Projects, preferablyin a HospitalEnvironment.

a) Subjectknowledge oftheconcerned post

100 (a) Subject Knowledge of CivilEngineering:Strength of Material and Theory ofStructures Stress-Strain relation –Hooke’s Law, Determination of forcesin members of trusses pin-jointedframes, Bending Moments and shearforces. Theory of simple bending,Continuous beams and simple portals –Determination of bending moments andshear forces – methods of analysis.

Design PrinciplesDeterminations of dead, live and wind,seismic loads –Relevant I.S. Codes, Factor of Safetyand Load Factor.

Steel DesignDesign of simple Beams and plateGirders according to Indian Standards,Design of single and built-up columns,column base connections, Design ofSteel Roof Trusses.

Reinforced Concrete -Basic principles of reinforced concrete,shear, bond and diagonal tension,location of reinforcement, Design ofsingly and doubly reinforced beams, oneway and two way slabs, Theory anddesign of reinforced concrete columnswith uni-directional bending only,Design of cantilever and simplecounterfort retaining wall, Liquidretaining structures – Special

Page | 39

requirements

Construction Practice -General details of Building constructionincluding foundations, flooring,masonry and different type of roofs.Safety during construction, durability.General properties, standardrequirements and tests for commonbuilding material such as bricks, stones,sand and aggregate, cement, lime,timber and steel. Tests for fresh andhardened concrete.Central PWD Specifications forbuilding works, sanitary and watersupply works and road works includingmodes of measurements.

Surveying -Use and adjustment of SurveyingInstruments: Chain, Plane table andaccessories magnetic compass, level andtheodolite.Use of Compass and Theodolite:Alignments and adjustments.Levelling: Methods of leveling andreduced level calculations.Contour Survey : Methods ofcontouring, properties of contours,Curves and alignment: Setting out ofsimple, reverse and transition curvesusing different methods, Verticalcurves.

Highway EngineeringRoad alignment in hills and plains,minimum standards for Nationalhighways.Principles of design of urban roads,their cross-sectional requirements andinteractions, road drainage andmaintenance. House paths, approachroads and service lanes.

Public Health EngineeringWater Supply: Quality and quantity ofwater required for public water supplies.Water purification processes. Waterdistribution systems – valves andfittings – testing.Sanitation: Orientation, ventilation anddamp proofing of buildings. Sanitaryappliances Construction and testing ofhouse drains.Sewage disposal - Sewerage system: -Construction and maintenance. Types ofsewage treatment – Oxidation ponds –simple sedimentation, re-circulation andfiltration – plant, contact beds -percolating filters. Septic tanks.

Page | 40

Soil Mechanics and FoundationEngineering:Properties of soils, classification, soilexplorations, methods of determiningbearing capacity.Foundation Engineering: Principles ofselection of type of foundation for astructure, shallow and deep foundations.Compaction; Laboratory and fieldmethods, optimum moisture content,soil stabilization.

15 AssistantEngineer(Electrical)

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate in ElectricalEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute with5 years experience indesign and engineering ofCivil Projects preferablyin a Hospital


100 (a) Subject knowledge of ElectricalEngineering:

GeneralKnowledge of Indian Electricity Act,Indian Elect. Rules as amended up-to-date. General conditions of supply andcharges to be paid to licencees forobtaining connection. CPWD GeneralSpecifications for Electrical Works,Principles of analysis of rates. GeneralPrinciples in preparation of estimates,project reports, award of works andexecution of works and measurement.ISI/BIS Standards and Codes ofpractices. Bombay and Delhi LiftAct and Rules.

IlluminationUnits and Standards, Principles ofindoor and outdoor lighting design.Types, characteristics and application oflamp in fittings and luminaires. Lightingcalculation for indoor and outdoorapplications.

Internal Electrical InstallationsSystems of wiring and their design,distribution system. Apparatus forcontrol, protection and Testing.

Earthing, Lighting Protection, Safety &MaintenanceNecessity of earthing, earthingresistance, type of earthing. Lightingprotection design, layout, material andinstallation. Safety procedures andpractices, principles of equipmentinstallation, preventive maintenance andtesting of equipment.

Sub-Station upto 33 KV andDistributionLayout and Design for indoor andoutdoor application. Specification forequipment, Sub- Station earthings,stand-by generating sets, commissioningprocedures and tests.

Page | 41

Distribution: Design of overhead lineand underground distribution systems.Specification for cables, conductors,Supports etc. Cable joining andtermination methods, power factorimprovement, service connection tobuildings.

LiftsDesign parameters, traffic analysis.Classification of Lift installations,choice of control and operation, safety,specifications for lift installation.

Fire detection, Alarm and ProtectionVarious fire detection, alarm and firefighting system. Design andspecification of equipment. Guidelinesfor provision of different types of firealarm and fire fighting equipment fordifferent types of buildings.

Water Supply -Types of pumps and theircharacteristics. Prime movers, pumpingsystems and application. Specificationfor equipment and installation.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS -(i) Single and poly phase A.C. Circuit.Effects of resistance inductance andcapacitance.(ii) Single and poly phase transformers– constructional features, equivalentcircuits performance, parallel operation,phase conversion. Separation of lossesand determination of efficiency byvarious methods. Autotransformers.(iii) Alternators, Constructionalfeatures, regulation, parallel operationand Protection. Automatic Voltageregulators, Emergency generating sets,automatic change over.(iv) Induction machines, polyphasemotor and its principle of operation andequivalent circuit. Torque, slipcharacteristics. Crawling, methods ofstarting, single phase motor, its theory,characteristics and application.

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS,PROTECTIVE RELAYING,MEASUREMENTS -Current, Voltage transformers.Constructional features of IDMT relays,instantaneous relays includingknowledge of overload earth fault,under voltage, Bucholz relays.Connection diagrams, settings.

Page | 42

Electrical instruments andMeasurements, principles ofconstruction and theory of measuringinstruments for direct and alternatingcurrents. Commercial types.Measurement of resistance, Voltage,current, power, power factor andenergy. Watt meters, energy meters.Thermo couples, ResistanceThermometers, Pyro-meters. Faultlocating bridges for cables.Measurements of resistance, inductanceand capacitance, wheatstone bridge.

GENERATION, TRANSMISSION,DISTRIBUTION &UTILISATION.Diesel Power Generation – Generallayout, Base load, peak load, choice ofsets.Power supply tariffs, economics.Insulators, types and application.Basic feature of industrial drives.Choice of electric motors for variousdrivers and estimation of their ratings.Behavior of motors during starting,acceleration, breaking and reversingoperations. Speed control schemes forlifts cranes and machine tools.Theory, performance and application ofvarious types of fractional horse powermotors.Production of light by differentmethods. Calculation and measurementof light by different methods.Calculation and measurement ofillumination. Photo meters. PolarCurves. Flood lighting.

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGYEstimation of power and energyrequirements of electric welding,different types of equipments used andtheir characteristics. Manufacturing andFabricating methodsand practices for various electrical andmechanical equipment such as pumps,switch boards, light fittings, AHUs etc.

ENERGY CONSERVATION, POWERFACTOR IMPROVEMENTComparison of different types of lampsfrom the point of energy conservation,calculation of pay back period. Powerfactor improvement, Reduction of loadcurrent and transformer losses due topower factor improvements. KVArequirement for power factorimprovement.

Page | 43

SOLAR ENERGY UTILISATIONSolar Hot Water system, principles,constructional features, constituentparts, installation, operation&maintenance, solar photo voltaicsystem, advantages/disadvantages ofsolar heating & solar photo voltaicsystem.

16 AssistantEngineer(AirConditioning &Refrigeration)

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate in Mechanical /Electrical Engineeringfrom a recognizedUniversity/ Institute with5 Years’ experience inrepair and maintenance oflarge scale airconditioning andrefrigeration systems in aHospital environment.


100 (a) : Subject Knowledge of Airconditioning & Refrigeration:

General -Knowledge of Indian Electricity Act,Indian Elect. Rules as amended up-to-date. General conditions of supply andcharges to be paid to licencees forobtaining connection. CPWD GeneralSpecifications for Electrical Works,Principles of analysis of rates. GeneralPrinciples in preparation of estimates,project reports, award of works andexecution of works and measurement.ISI/BIS Standards and Codes ofpractices.

Internal Electrical Installations -Systems of wiring and their design,distribution system. Apparatus forcontrol, protection and Testing.

Earthing, Lighting Protection, Safety &Maintenance -Necessity of earthing, earthingresistance, type of earthing. Lightingprotection design, layout, material andinstallation. Safety procedures andpractices, principles of equipmentinstallation, preventive maintenance andtesting of equipment.

Sub-Station upto 33 KV andDistribution -Layout and Design for indoor andoutdoor application. Specification forequipment, Sub- Station earthings,stand-by generating sets, commissioningprocedures and tests. Distribution:Design of overhead line andunderground distribution systems.Specification for cables, conductors,Supports etc. Cable joining andtermination methods, power factorimprovement, service connection tobuildings.

Air-Conditioning Ventilation -General principles of Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning, evaporative cooling andventilation, Heating and cooling load

Page | 44

estimation. Classification of systems,their design and application, structuralrequirements, specifications forinstallations.

Water Supply -Types of pumps and theircharacteristics. Prime movers, pumpingsystems and application. Specificationfor equipment and installation.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS -(i) Single and poly phase A.C. Circuit.Effects of resistance inductance andcapacitance.(ii) Single and poly phase transformers– constructional features, equivalentcircuits performance, parallel operation,phase conversion. Separation of lossesand determination of efficiency byvarious methods. Autotransformers.(iii) Alternators, Constructionalfeatures, regulation, parallel operationand Protection. Automatic Voltageregulators, Emergency generating sets,automatic change over.(iv) Induction machines, polyphasemotor and its principle of operation andequivalent circuit. Torque, slipcharacteristics. Crawling, methods ofstarting, single phase motor, its theory,characteristics and application.INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS,PROTECTIVE RELAYING,MEASUREMENTS -Current, Voltage transformers.Constructional features of IDMT relays,instantaneous relays includingknowledge of overload earth fault,undervoltage, Bucholz relays.Connection diagrams, settings.Electrical instruments andMeasurements, principles ofconstruction and theory of measuringinstruments for direct and alternatingcurrents. Commercial types.Measurement of resistance, Voltage,current, power, power factor andenergy. Watt meters, energy meters.Thermo couples, ResistanceThermometers, Pyro-meters. Faultlocating bridges for cables.Measurements of resistance, inductanceand capacitance, wheatstone bridge.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINESFuels and Combustion. Fuels and theirproperties, combustion calculations.

Page | 45

Analysis of products of combustion.Power cycles. Vapour power cycles-Carnot and Rankine. Gas Power-Ottoand Diesel cycles. Deviation of actualcycles from theoretical cycles. Internalcombustion engines – Two and fourstroke compression ignition and sparkignition engines. Combustionphenomena. Detonation, Knocking,scavenging of two stroke engines. Fuelinjection and carburation. Lubricationand cooling system performance andtesting of IC engines. Pollution controlrequirements/standards.

HEATING, AIR CONDITIONINGAND REFRIGERATIONRefrigeration – Refrigeration and heatpump cycles. Vapour compression,absorption Cycles. Refrigerants andtheir characteristics. Air Conditioning –Psychrometric chart, comfortairconditioning, comfort indices,ventilation requirements. Cooling anddehumidification methods. Industrialair-conditioning processes. Differentmethods of electric heating.Construction and performance ofElectric heating equipment.

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGYEstimation of power and energyrequirements of electric welding,different types of equipments used andtheir characteristics. Manufacturing andFabricating methodsand practices for various electrical andmechanical equipment such as pumps,switch boards, light fittings, AHUs etc.ENERGY CONSERVATION, POWERFACTOR IMPROVEMENTComparison of different types of lampsfrom the point of energy conservation,calculation of pay back period. Powerfactor improvement, Reduction of loadcurrent and transformer losses due topower factor improvements. KVArequirement for power factorimprovement.SOLAR ENERGY UTILISATIONSolar Hot Water system, principles,constructional features, constituentparts, installation, operation &maintenance, solar photo voltaic system,advantages/disadvantages of solarheating & solar photo voltaic system.

Page | 46

17 GasOfficer/Supervisor/Manager


Experience:

Degree in Mechanical

Engineering with 5 yearsworking experience with

Manifold or its repairs in

supervisory capacity in a

Medical Setup.

OR

Diploma in MechanicalEngineering with 7 years

working experience with

Manifold or its repairs in

supervisory capacity in a

Medical Setup. Must be

capable of carrying outwork associated with the

Medical Gas

Management distribution

line, taps, cocks and

outlets.

a) RespiratoryAnatomy andPhysiology

b) PulmonaryGas exchangeand disorders

c) CardiacAnatomy andPhysiology

10

10

10

A. Structure and function of therespiratory tractNose - Role in humidificationPharynx - Obstruction in airwaysLarynx - Movement or vocal cords,Cord palsies.Trachea & Bronchial tree - vessels,nerve supply, respiratory tract, reflexes,bronchospasmAlveoli - Layers, SurfactantsB. Respiratory Physiology• Control or breathing• Respiratory muscles - diaphragm,intercostals• Lung volumes - dead space, vitalcapacity, FRC etc.• Pleural cavity - intrapleural pressure,pneumothorax.• Work of breathing - airway resistance,compliance• Respiratory movements underanaesthesia.• Tracheal tug - signs, hiccup

A. Pulmonary Gas Exchange and AcidBase Status• Pulmonary circulation - Pulmonaryoedema, pulmonary hypertension• Pulmonary function tests.• Transfer of gases - Oxygen & Carbondioxide• Acid base status, definitions, acidosistypes, Alkalosis types, buffers in thebody.B. Oxygen: properties, storage, supply,hypoxiaC. Respiratory failure, type, clinicalfeatures, causes.

II. Cardiovascular SystemAnatomy - Chambers of the heart, majorvasculature. Coronary supply,innervations, Conduction systemCardiac output - determinants, heartrate, preload, after load.Coronary blood flow& myocardialoxygen supplyECG - arrhythmias cardiovascularresponse to anaesthetic & surgicalprocedures.

Page | 47

d) ClinicalPharmacologyof Oxygen andOxygendelivery

e)AnaesthesiaMachine

f) Breathingsystems

10

10

10

Hypotension - causes, effects,management.Cardio pulmonary resuscitation.Myocardial infarction, hypertension.

Gases - O2, N2O, AirGas properties and safety:a. the hazards of compressed andcryogenic gases;b. cylinder colours and labelling;c. actions on finding defective cylinders;d. operation of cylinder valves;e. cylinder storage and handling(medical gas/pathology gas stores);f. preparation of cylinders for use;g. selection of appropriate equipmentand its connection and disconnectionto/from cylinders respectively.

Hanger and yoke system

Cylinder pressure gauge

Pressure regulator

Flow meter assembly

Vapourizers - types, hazards,maintenance, filling and draining, etc.

General considerations: humidity & heat

Common components - connectors,adaptors, reservoir bags.

Capnography ; ET CO2

Pulse oximetry

Methods of humidification.

Classification of breathing system

Mapleson system - a b c d e f

Jackson Rees system, Bain circuit

Non rebreathing valves - AMBU valves

The circle system

Page | 48

g)Gas Distribution Systems

h) MGPSDesign andTechniques

i) MGPSPolicies anddocumentation

j)MiscellaneousSystems

10

10

10

10

Components

Soda lime, indicators

Compressed gas cylinders

Colour coding

Cylinder valves; pin index

Gas piping system

Recommendations for piping system

Alarms & safety devices

Statutory obligations and safe systemoperationMGPS design and installationrequirementsBasic fault-findingStructure and management of thepermit-to work systemMGPS equipment performancerequirements (plant and pipeline)Technical reporting including systemcapacities/ limitations, upgradingrequirements/equipmentreplacement, system compliance

MGPS documentationEmergency proceduresMGPS operational policy preparation,implementation and monitoringMGPS testing and quality controlrequirementsManifold systemsCryogenic liquid cylindersBulk cryogenic (VIE) systemsAlarm requirements

Page | 49

18 OfficeAssistant(NS)


(i) Degree of recognized

University or equivalent

(ii) Proficiency in

computers.


b) GeneralAwareness



e)BasicComputerknowledge

20

20

20

20

20

(a) to (d) : --Same as that ofAssistant AdministrativeOfficer

(e) : - Fundamentals ofcomputers, MS Windows, MSOffice, Internet etc.

19 StoreKeeper

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) Degree from arecognized University/Institution;(ii) Post-graduateDegree/Diploma inMaterial Managementfrom a recognizedUniversity/Institution;OR(iii) Bachelor’s Degree inMaterial Management

from a recognizedUniversity/Institution and

3years' experience in

Store handling

(preferably Medical

Stores).


b) GeneralAwareness



e) Basicconcepts ofMaterialManagement

f) Latest Govt.initiatives inpublicprocurementpolicy

15

15

15

15

20

20

Same as mentioned for the post ofAssistant Stores Officer.

20 Radiograp

hic

Technician

Grade I


B.Sc. (Hons.) (3 years

course) in Radiography

from a recognized

University / Institution.

ORDiploma in Radiography

from a recognized

Institution with 2 years’experience.

Desirable : Ability to use

a) GeneralIntelligence andQuantitativeability

10 Questions in this component will bedesigned to test the candidate’sunderstanding and knowledge ofEnglishlanguage and will be based on spot theerror, fill in the blanks, synonyms,antonyms, spelling/detecting misspeltwords, idioms & phrases, one wordsubstitution, improvement of sentences,active/passive voice ofverbs, conversion into direct/indirectnarration, shuffling of sentence parts,shuffling of sentences in a passage,comprehension passage and any otherEnglish language questions at the levelof Matriculation/Higher Secondary. The

Page | 50

Computers - Hands on

experience in Office

Applications, Spread-

sheets and Presentations.

b) GeneralStudies andLogicalreasoning

10

questions will be designed to test theability of appropriate use of numbersand number sense of the candidate. Thescope of the test will be percentage,Ratio & Proportion, Square roots,Averages, Interest, Profit & Loss,Discount, Partnership Business, Mixtureand Allegation, Time and distance,Time & work, Basicalgebraic identities of School Algebra,Elementary surds, Graphs of LinearEquations, Triangle and its chords,tangents, angles subtended by chords ofa circle, common tangents to two ormore circles, Triangle, Quadrilaterals,Regular Polygons, Circle, Right Prism,Right Circular Cone, Right CircularCylinder, Square,Hemispheres, RectangularParallelepiped, Regular Right Pyramidwith triangular or square base,Trigonometric ratio, Degree and RadianMeasures, Standard Identities,Complementary angles, Heights andDistances, Histogram, FrequencyPolygon, Bar diagram, Pie chart and anyother question of Matriculationlevel.

Questions in this component will beaimed at testing the candidate’s generalawareness of the environment aroundhim and its application to society.Questions will also be designed to testknowledge of current eventand of such matters of every dayobservations and experience in theirscientific aspect as may be expected ofany educated person. The test will alsoinclude questions relating to India andits neighbouring Countriesespecially pertaining History, Culture,Geography, Economic Scene, GeneralPolicy, Indian Constitution &ScientificResearch and Others.Logical Reasoning would includequestions of both verbal and non-verbaltype. This component may includequestions on analogies, similarities anddifferences, space visualisation, spatialorientation, problem solving, analysis,judgement, decision making, visualmemory, discrimination, observation,relationship concepts, arithmeticalreasoning and figural classification,

Page | 51

c) Anatomy andPhysiology

10

arithmetic number series, non-verbalseries, coding and decoding, statementconclusion, syllogistic reasoning etc.The topics are Semantic Analogy,Symbolic/Number Analogy, FiguralAnalogy, Semantic Series, NumberSeries, Figural Series, Problem Solving,Word Building, Coding &de-coding, Numerical Operations,Symbolic Operations, Trends, SpaceOrientation, Space Visualisation, VennDiagrams, Drawing inferences, Punchedhole/pattern - folding & un-folding,Figural Pattern-folding and completion,Indexing, Address matching, Date &City matching, Classification of centrecodes/roll numbers,Small & Capital letters/numbers coding,decoding and classification, EmbeddedFigures, Critical thinking, emotionalIntelligence, Social Intelligence & Othersub-topics, if any.

5) Basic Computers: a) GeneralComputer Processing ability in MS-Office like Word Processing, Excel,Power point, etc. & OperatingSystems.b) ProfessionalSoftware/Hardware System relevant tothe Post.c) Any other Computer/IT relatedquestions.

Structure of the body–cells, tissues.Musculoskeletal System: Skull,Vertebral column, Shoulder GirdleBones of upper extremities, Bones oflower extremities, pelvis and itsmuscles, Ossification.Cardiovascular System: Heart–blood–Arteries–Veins.Lymphatic System: Circulation ofLymph, Lymph glands, Thoracic duct.Digestive System: Mouth–oesophagus–stomach–small intestines largeintestines spleen Liver Gallbladder Pancreas.Respiratory System: Nose, Larynx-Trachea-Lungs Bony-case.Nervous System: Brain-meninges-ventricles-Spinal cord and nerves.Eye: Structure and its function.Ear: Structure and function.Surface Anatomy and Cross–sectionalAnatomy.Reproductive System: Female & Male

Page | 52

d) Dark roomtechniques

e) GeneralPhysics

10

10

organs.Urinary System: Kidneys, Ureters,Bladder, Prostate and Urethra.Skin: Structure and its function.Endocrine System: Pituitary gland,Penial gland, Thymus gland, thyroidand parathyroid gland, suprarenalglands

Photographic Process: Light image,Image produced by radiation, LightSensitive materials, latent image.Film Material: The structure of X–ray &Imaging films, Resolving power, Grainsof films, sensitivity of film, contrast offilms, Type of films.X–ray Film Storage: Storage ofunexposed films.Screens: Construction of intensifyingscreens.Choice of fluorescent material.Intensification factor, Detail, Sharpness.Speed, Screen contact, care ofintensifying screens, Types of Screens.Cassettes: Cassette designs, Care ofcassette, Mounting of intensifyingscreen in the cassettes, Various types ofcassettes.Safe Light: Constituents, filter, testing.Film Processing: Constituents ofprocessing solution and replenishes.Factors affecting the development.Types of developer and fixer, Factorsaffecting the use of fixer. Silverrecovery methods.Film Rising, Washing andDrying: Intermediate rinse–washing anddrying.Film Processing Equipment: Manualand Automatic processing.Dark Room Design: Outlay andmaterials used.Radiographic Image: The sharpness,contrast, detail, definition, viewingconditions & artifacts.Miscellaneous: Trimming, identificationof films, legends, records filing, reportdistribution.

Elementary idea of thermionic emission,Electron–idea of mass and nature ofcharge, Coulomb's law, Electric field,Unit of potential.Ohm's law, Units of resistance, potentialand current, Combination of resistancein series and parallel. Fuses, Units ofelectric power, Earthing of electricalequipment.Magnetic fields, Lines of force, Field

Page | 53

f) RadiographicTechniques

10

pattern due to a straight current carryingconductor, coil carrying current,electromagnet, Construction andworking of galvanometer, voltammeterand ammeter, (moving coil type andmoving magnet type).Heat and methodsof transference of heat, condensers,Inductance and Impedance. A.C. andD.C. currents-effective current, RMSvalue, peak value. Electromagneticinduction – Laws, fields, influence.Transformers – Principles, construction,and uses of step down and High tensiontransformers.Diode values and their use in rectifierssolid-state rectifiers, its variousrectifying circuits uses in X–ray machines, production of X–rays andtheir properties, X–ray tube–Stationaryanode and rotating anode & therapytubes, X–ray circuit, interlockingcircuits, relay and timers.

Radiography TechniquesUpper Limb: Fingers individual and as awhole hands, Carpal bones wrists,Forearm, elbow–head of radius,humerus, shoulder joint, Acromio-clavicular joint, scapula, sterno-clavicular joint, small joints.Lower Limb: Toes, foot, calcaneum &other tarsal bones, ankle joint, legs,knees, patella, fibula, femur,intercondylar notch.Hip & Pelvis: Hip, Neck of femur,threatre procedure, for hip pinning orreduction, pelvis, sacro-iliac joints,pubic bones, acetabulum.Vertebral Column: Curves, postures,relative levels atlanto, occipital region,odontoid process, Cervical spine,thoracic Inlet, Cervico, thoracic spine,lumbosacral spine, sacrum,coccyscoliosis, kyphosis, flexion,extension and neutral.Bones of the thorax: Sternum ribs.Skull: Land marks, Cranium, facialbones, maxilla, mandible, zygoma, T.M.joints, mastoids, petrous bones, opticforamen, sells turcica, P.N.S.Chest: Chest in teleradiography, chestsupine & portable, Lordotic, apicogramand MMR.Abdomen: Preparation, indication andcontraindication, acute abdomen,pregnancy abdomen for multiplicitymaturity and foetal abnormality.Pelvirnetry.Soft tissue: Neck and breast.

Page | 54

g)Radiographicprocedures

h) RadiationPhysics and

10

10

Emergency Radiography: Bedsideradiography, O.T. Radiography.Radiography for age evidence: Bone ageevidence.Dental Radiography: Occlusal view,Dental X–ray, Panoramic view.

I. (i) Pathology: Definition, cell growth,cell deformities, cell damage, defencemechanism, cell repair.(ii) Neoplasia: Benign & Malignantincluding its mode of growth andmetastasis.(iii) Radiation: Local and systemic.(iv) Radiotherapy techniques.(v) Emergency in Radiology.II.(i) Contrast media.(ii) Urinary Tract: I.V.P., RetrogradePyelography, Cystourethrography.Presacral Insufflation.(iii) Biliary Tract: Oralcholecystography, I.V.C, Transhepaticpercutaneous cholangiography pre-operative cholangiography – T-tubecholangiography, E.R.C.P.(iv) Tomography: Principle, equipmentand types of movements, procedure.(v) Venography:Splenoportovenography, Peripheralvenography.(vi) Lymphangiography.(vii) Marnmography andXeroradiography.(viii) Radiculography.(ix) Dacrocystography.III.(i) Gastro-intestinal Tract: Ba-swallow,Ba-meal upper G.I.T., Ba-meal follow-through, Ba-Enema.(ii) Female Genital Tract: Hystero-Salpingography, Gynecography,Placentography & Pelvimetry.(iii) Angiography: Carotid angiography,Femoral arteriography, Aortography,Selective angiography etc.(iv) CNS: Ventriculography,Myelography, Pneumoencephalography.(v) Sialography(vi) Sinography(vii) Nasopharyngography(viii) Laryngography(ix) Bronchography(x) Arthrography(xi) Discography

I.Latent images formation and its

Page | 55

relatedequipments

processing.Various units used for measuringradiation–Roentgen, rad and rem.Construction of X–ray tube, X–rays–itsproduction and properties.Ionization chambers, G.M. Counter andScintillation Counter, Interaction of X–ray with matter.Quality and quantity of X–rays, HVT,linear absorption coefficient, Grid,Cones and Filters.Inverse square law, scattered radiationsand appliances used to reduce it.II. RadioactivityCurie, Half life, decay factor.Details about radium, cobalt andcaesium.Doses–dose and dose rate, exposuredose, exit dose, surface dose, depthdose, isodose charts and their uses.III.Radiation Hazards, Protection against it,film badge, pocket ionization chamber,maximum permissible dose.

(a) High-tension control equipment –Diagnostic H.T. circuits, high tensiongenerators, half wave full wave threephase, condensers discharge, contactvoltage high tension switches, controland establishing equipment, tubefilament supply, mains compensatormains resistance compensator. X-raytubes – design, rating and care of X-raytubes, practical considerations in choiceof focus, inherent filtration. MAS meterelementary principles and construction,importance as check on.(i) Radiographic results.(ii) Apparatus behaviour and additivetube loading, exposure timers – springactivated, synchronous motor, value(Low-tension ionization testing timeraccuracy). Interlocks and safety devices.(iii) Circuits – Simple circuit diagramand illustration of sequence from mainssupply to control X-ray exposure bean.Centering devices – mechanical andoptical, interaction of X-rays and thebody transmission in body tissues.(b) Scattered radiation – control ofscattered radiation, cones, diaphragm,single and multiple filters grid ratio inrelation to KV, construction andoperation, focused and non – focused,single stroke reciprocating andoscillating potter – bucky, diaphragms,criss cross grids, stationary grids, useetc.(c) Production of X-ray tubes and high

Page | 56

i) Patient-care 10

tension circuits for the production ofcontrol panel and control safety deviceand interlocks, basic principles of megavoltage X-ray machines.(d) Fluoroscopy – Tube filtration,diaphragm, tilting couch screen grid andexploratory and control safety devices,compressors, protection, electricalradiographic and mechanical control,use and care of couch accessory fittings.(e) Special equipment – body sectionradiography, apparatus and controlssimultaneous multi section accessoriesspecialized couches, skull table, mobileunits. Image intensifiers, principles,optical systems, for viewing andrecording final image electrical and x-ray supply protection, applications,including cine radiography, massminiature radiography, specialradiography, equipment for high speedserial techniques (etc.) rapid cassettechanger rapid films changer, roll films,full size and miniature, biplaneequipment, grids, protection, problemsof processing and presentation, care andmaintenance – general principle androutine use of charts supplied bymanufactures, radiographic calibrationprocedure.

(a) Hospital staffing and organisation,records relating to patients anddepartmental statistics, professionalattitude of the radiographer to patientsand other members of the staff, medicolegal aspects, minimising waiting time,appointments organisation stock takingand stock keeping.(b) Care of patient: - first contact withpatient in the department handling ofchair and stretcher patients, lifting of illand injured patients, elementaryhygiene, personal cleanliness, hygienein relation to patients. E.g. clean linenand receptive nursing care, temperature.(c) First Aid: - Shock, asphyxia,convulsions, artificial respiration,electric shock, burns, scalds,haemorrhage, pressure point, tourniquet,fractures, splints, bandaging, foreignbodies, poisons, drug, reactions,administration of oxygen.(d) Preparation of a patient for generalX-ray examinations. Departmentalinstruction to out patients or ward staff,use of aperients, enema and colonicirrigation, flatulence and flatus causesand methods of relief, principles ofcatheterization and intubations,

Page | 57

premeditation, its uses and methods,anaesthetised patients, nursing carebefore and after special X-rayexaminations e.g. in neurological,vascular and respiratory conditionsdiabetic patients, special attention tofood, trauma hazards.(e) Preparation of patients for special x-ray examinations barium enema, bariummeal, intravenous pyelographycholecystography etc. and theiradministration.(f) Principles and aspects: - Methods ofsterilization, care and identification ofinstruments and surgical dressings incommon use, setting of trays andtrolleys for various examinations etc.intravenous pyelography, biopsy,elementary operating theatre produce.(g) Drugs in department- storage,labeling checking, regulations regarding(h) Contrast media- bariumpreparations, iodineRadiographic Photography:(a) Photographic aspects of radiography– the fundamentals of the photographicprocess, light sensitive salts of silver,the photographic emulsion gelatin assuspension medium, size and frequencyof the silver halide grain in relation tosensitively and contrast, formation ofthe latent image, chemical development,construction of x-ray film base material,substratum coating, emulsion, coatinganti-abrasive super coating sensitivity,storage of unexposed film.(b) X-ray materials: - Type of emulsion,characteristics and control screen films,non screen films, dental films,comparative speed and contrast to lightand x-rays.Characteristics of x-ray emulsions,characteristics curves of x-ray filmassessment of the results of correctexposure under & over exposure,density (D max) speed, contrast(Gamma infinity) graduation, fog, grain,exposure, kilovoltage and developinglatitude. Intensifying screensfluorescence application of fluorescencein radiography, construction of anintensifying screen, types of emulsion inrelation to type of salt, size of grain,coating, weight, kilovoltage, mountingand general care of screens, after glowtest for reciprocate failure, intermittencyeffect.X-ray, testing a cassette for provinggood screen contact, general case ofcassettes. X-ray developers –

Page | 58

j) Specializedinvestigations

10

characteristics and detail freedom fromchemical fog and staining, long lifepossibility of degeneration.Standardization of quality of developersand development – function andconstituents of an x-ray developer,standardization by time and temperaturedevelopment latitude, exhaustion of adeveloper, replenishment of developers,ultra rapid developers, combineddeveloper and fixer, fixers and fixing,hardening agent, time of fixation,exhaustion of a fixer, electrolytic silverrecovery and fixer regeneration, rapidfixers, separate hardening. Rinsing,washing and drying – objects of rinsingand washing, methods, employed,methods of drying films, processing –preparation of solutions, available watersupply, nature of mixing, vessels, orderof mixing solutions, filtration, makingstock solutions, storage of drychemicals, storage of solutions,processing units, hangers, care ofhangers, control of temperature byheating elements and thermostat, watermixer, by refrigeration, use of ice – filmquality, ultra rapid processing, tank ordish units, stop bath rinse, wettingagents, after treatment of films.Automatic processing principles,procedure and regeneration of solutions.Knowledge of Atomic EnergyRegulatory Board (AERB) regulationsand rules.

Computed Tomography

Principles of CT – Basic Physics –Recent developments, applications etc.Positioning in CTDifferent types of contrast materials.Emergency treatment.Radiation hazardsDisposal of unused matter.Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Principle – Physics – Techniques –Types of coils – Basic term used in MRIOperations, Applications, etc.Positioning in MRI.Different types of contrast materials.Emergency treatment.MRI hazards.Factors affecting quality of imaging.Ultrasound

Page | 59

Physics – Types of ultrasound –Techniques of ultrasound scanning indifferent parts – positioning and filming– Principles of Doppler effect andcolour Doppler.

21 MedicalrecordOfficer


Experience:

(i) Bachelor’s Degreepreferable with Science

from a recognizedUniversity or Equivalent.

(ii) Should have done one

year course in Medical

Record from recognized

Institution.

(iii) Not less than 5 yearsof experience in

organizing and

maintenance of Medical

Records in a not less than

200 Bedded Medical

Hospital / Institute.

a) Hospital andPatient-careAppraisal

b) Departmentsand ServiceUnits

c) BasicAnatomy

10

10

10

(i) History and Evolution of Hospitals(ii) New trends in Hospitals.2. Definition of Hospital- Objectives of Hospital.- Parameters of Good MedicalCare/Patterns of Patient Care.- Functions of Hospital.3. Role of a Hospital in Health isDelivery Systems (HCDS)4. Classification of Hospitals.5. Hospitals Organization and itsanalysis– Chart of Organization.– Board and committees– Duties and responsibilities thereof.6. Departmental Administration– Delegation– Decentralization

Patient Care Appraisal (PCA)– History of Medical Audit– Tools and Techniques– Various Phases of Medical Audit.

i) Clinical Departments(ii) Diagnostic and therapeutic services(including clinical Laboratories,Radiology, Physical Medicine andRehabilitation and Pharmacy services)(iii) Nursing Department(iv) Dietary Department(v) Outpatient Department(vi) Accident and emergency servicesDepartment(vii) Medical Social Service Department(viii) General and Medical stores(ix) Blood Bank(x) Medical Library services.

1. Service units in a hospitalLaundry, Housekeeping, CSSD.Miscellaneous Services: Engineering,Mortuary and Transport services.

A. Anatomy1. General Introduction– Definition of Anatomy & Physiology.– Types of Anatomy (includingsystemic)– Definition of topographic term/termused to describe the body.

Page | 60

d) BasicPhysiology

e) BasicPathologyandMicrobiology

10

10

– Description of Various regions of thebody.2. Cells and tissues of body and generalhistology.3. Anatomical description of thefollowing:- Skin and breast – Ontology– Joints – Ligaments– Fasciae and Bursae – Musculoskeletalsystem– Cardiovascular system – Respiratorysystem– Lymphatic system – Blood and bloodforming organs– congenital system – Endocrine system– Organs of special senses (ear, eye,etc.) – Digestive system – Embryology

Introductory Lectures or specializationof tissues.Homeostasis and its importance inmammals.Blood and lymphatic systemCardiovascular systemExcretory system, skin and temperatureregulationRespiratory systemDigestive system and metabolismEndocrinologyReproductive systemNervous systemSpecial sensesMuscles

- Definitions and Classification ofdiseases,Inflammatory diseases – viral andfungal,

Inflammatory diseases –Parasitic,- Degenerative diseases – Fattydegeneration, Amyloid etc.– Tumors – Definition, etiology&classification,-Disturbances in blood flow,- pigment disorders,Hereditary diseases, C.V.S. Bloodvessels,-V.S. Heart, Respiratory system,- G.I. tract, Liver Lymphatic system,- Genitourinary system, Skeletal system,- Blood, Central Nervous system,- Endocrine systemClinical Pathology – Normalcomposition of blood; diseases ofRBCs.,WBCs., Plate less. – Coagulationfactors and disorders – Blood groupsand cross – matching, - Blood

Page | 61

f) MedicalTerminology

10

transfusion, - Urine composition:variation in common diseases, - CSFand body fluids, - Gastris & Duodenalcontents, - Fasces – parasites,Introduction and historical background,Classification special,Characteristics of organismsbacterias, - Asepsis, - DisinfectionAntiseptics- Sanitation,Infection,Immunity,Allergy study of pathologenicorganisms, Non-pathology organisms,Virus and fungus,Parasitic diseases- their stance in Indiawith labDiagnosis.

i. Objective ii. Basic iii.. Elements ofMedical Terms(a) Roots (b) Prefixes(c) Suffixes (d) Colours(e) Numerals (f)Symbols(g)Abbreviationn (page501)(iv) Terms pertaining to Body as awhole.II. Terms relate to Investigations, andoperation, treatment of conditions,disorders of: -1.Skin and Breast (integumentarysystem)2. Musculoskeletal3. Neurological and psychiatric4. Cardio- vascular5. Blood and blood forming organs6. Respiratory7. Digestive8. Uro – genital9. Gynacological10. Maternal, Antenatal and Neonatalconditions11. Endocrine and Metabolic12. Sense organs of: (i) Vision (ii)Hearing13. Systemic: (i) Infectious diseases. (ii)Immunological diseases. (iii) Diseasesof the Connective Tissues. b14. Geriatrics and Psycho geriatrics.III. Supplementary terms: Selectedterms relating:1. Oncology2. Anesthesiology3. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation4. Nuclear Medicine5. Plastic Surgery of Burns andMaxillofacial6. Radio- Diagnosis7. Radiotherapy

Page | 62

g) Biostatistics

h) Healthcareorganization

10

10

i) Introduction to Statistics.(ii) Methods of collection of data.(iii) Measures of central tendency(simple average, G.M., H.M. Mode andMedian).(iv) Measures of dispersion (Standarddeviation, range, variance, averagedeviation)(v) Sampling; Definition, Methods ofsampling (randoin systematic, stratified,cluster).(iv) Correlation and regression:Significance, linear correlation,correlation coefficient, linear regression.(vii) Time series analysis – concept andits utility, component of time series.(viii) Test of significance.(ix) Graphical presentation of data.(x) Probability- concept and definition.(xi) Uses of statistics.-1. Sources of hospital statistics (In-Patient census, Out – Patient Deptt, andSpecial Clinics).2. Definitions (live, birth, foctal death,immaturity, cause of death, underlyingcause of death inpatient bed etc)3. Analysis of hospital services anddischarges.4. Indices (Bed occupancy, averagelength of stay, bed turn – over interval,death rate, birth rate etc.)5. Vital statistics.6. Uses and Limitations of hospital data.7. Method of compilation of variousHealth Returns/ Statistical Returns.

1. Introduction to Principles ofManagement and Administration -scope and importance of management.

–Principles of Management. – Functionsof a Manger (POSDCORB-E).Management Techniques. –MaterialManagement – Personal Administration.–Financial Administration.2. Public Health Structure in India. –Directive Principles of-With relation to Public Health &medical Care. – Constitutional lists. –Various five years plans and priorities.3. Role of Voluntary HealthOrganisation.4.Basic facts of Health in India.5. Current Objectives and strategies. –Population Dynamics. – CommunityHealth Worker schemes.6. National Health Programmes ofMedicine and Homeopathy.8. Other programmes of relevance toHealth Sector. – Family Welfare. –

Page | 63

i) MedicalRecord Science

j) Internationalclassification ofDiseases

10

10

Medical Termination of Pregnancy. –National Population Policy. – Maternityand Child Health.

I. Introduction to Medical RecordScience.II. - 1.Development, Analysis and Usesof Medical Record.2. (i) Development of Medical RecordForms, basic and special. (ii) Order ofArrangements:(a) Ward(b) Medical Record Department.(c) Source oriented medical record.(d) Problem oriented medical record.(e) Integrated Medical Record.3. Analysis of Medical record: (i)Quantitative. (ii) Qualitative.4. Uses of Medical Records:(a) as a personal document.(b) as impersonal document.5. Values of the Medical Record

Classification of diseases as per I.C.D.

22 CSSDTechnician


Experience:

B. Sc. (Microbiology or

Medical Technology)

with 3 years’ experiencein CSSD in a 200 bedded

Hospital.

OR

Staff Nurse (A Grade

Registration) with two

years’ experience inCSSD in a 200 bedded

Hospital. OR

Theatre Assistant Course

with four years’experience in CSSD in a

200 bedded Hospital.

a)BasicAnatomy

b)BasicPhysiology

10

10

A. Anatomy1. General Introduction– Definition of Anatomy & Physiology.– Types of Anatomy (includingsystemic)– Definition of topographic term/termused to describe the body.– Description of Various regions of thebody.2. Cells and tissues of body and generalhistology.3. Anatomical description of thefollowing:- Skin and breast – Ontology– Joints – Ligaments– Fasciae and Bursae – Musculoskeletalsystem– Cardiovascular system – Respiratorysystem– Lymphatic system – Blood and bloodforming organs– congenital system – Endocrine system– Organs of special senses (ear, eye,etc.) – Digestive system – Embryology

Introductory Lectures or specializationof tissues.Homeostasis and its importance inmammals.Blood and lymphatic system

Page | 64

c)BasicPathology andMicrobiology

d) Operationtheatretechniques

10

10

Cardiovascular systemExcretory system, skin and temperatureregulationRespiratory systemDigestive system and metabolismEndocrinologyReproductive systemNervous systemSpecial sensesMuscles

- Definitions and Classification ofdiseases,Inflammatory diseases – viral andfungal,Inflammatory diseases –Parasitic,- Degenerative diseases – Fattydegeneration, Amyloid etc.– Tumors – Definition, etiology&classification,-Disturbances in blood flow,- pigment disorders,Hereditary diseases, C.V.S. Bloodvessels,-V.S. Heart, Respiratory system,- G.I. tract, Liver Lymphatic system,- Genitourinary system, Skeletal system,- Blood, Central Nervous system,- Endocrine systemClinical Pathology – Normalcomposition of blood; diseases ofRBCs.,WBCs., Plate less. – Coagulationfactors and disorders – Blood groupsand cross – matching, - Bloodtransfusion, - Urine composition:variation in common diseases, - CSFand body fluids, - Gastris & Duodenalcontents, - Fasces – parasites,Introduction and historical background,Classification special,Characteristics of organismsbacterias, - Asepsis, - DisinfectionAntiseptics- Sanitation,Infection,Immunity,Allergy study of pathologenicorganisms, Non-pathology organisms,Virus and fungus,Parasitic diseases- their stance in Indiawith labDiagnosis.

Operation theatre techniques

Surgical ProceduresOrganize and set up trolleys for theatreTracking and recall of equipment and

Page | 65

e) Disinfection

f) Packagingand assemblyline

g) Sterlizationmethods

10

10

10

itemsSurgical Instruments

Criteria for Purchase and MaintenanceChecking in and out of loan instrumentsDecontamination Process

Scientific PrinciplesRecommended Practices

Principles of DisinfectionCleaning of equipment

Use of detergentsSonic washers /Mechanical cleaningapparatusCleaning of catheters and tubings,cleaning glass ware, cleaning syringesand needlesPreparation and Supplies for TerminalSterilization

Precautions while handling instrumentsand line

Assembly and packing

Packaging selection and useMaterials used for wrapping andpacking assembling pack contents.Types of packs prepared. Inclusion oftrays and gallipots in packs. Method ofwrapping and making use of indicationsto show that a pack of container hasbeen through a sterilization process datestamping.

Different Methods of Sterilization

High Temperature Sterilization – DryHeatMoist heat sterilizationEO gas sterilizationH202 gas plasma vapour sterilizationEndoscopes and their SterilizationSterilization Recommended Practicesfor Flash Sterilization

Page | 66

h) Sterlizationrecord keeping

i) Qualityassurance

j) QualityStandards

10

10

10

Sterile storage

Call back system in case of detection offailure

HVAC system

Records & register maintenance

Quality assurance

Biological indication and quality controlQuality measurement methods and itsstandards

International Organization forStandardization (ISO) standardsWater Quality and its impact in CSSDprocess

Biomedical waste disposal protocols

23 JuniorEngineer(Civil)

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate in CivilEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute.Desirable:2 Years’ experience indesign and engineering ofCivil Projects preferablyin a HospitalEnvironment.ORDiploma in CivilEngineering from a

recognized

University/Institute with

5 years’ experience indesign and engineering of

Civil Projects, preferablyin a Hospital

Environment.


b) GeneralAwareness

c) Subjectknowledge oftheconcerned post(CivilEngineering)

15

15

70

(a) & (b) :- Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

(c) Civil Engineering:Building Materials : Physical andChemical properties, classification,standard tests, uses andmanufacture/quarrying of materials e.g.building stones, silicate based materials,cement (Portland), asbestos products,timber and wood based products,laminates, bituminous materials, paints,varnishes.

Estimating, Costing and Valuation:estimate, glossary of technical terms,analysis of rates, methods and unit ofmeasurement, Items of work –earthwork, Brick work (Modular &Traditional bricks), RCC work,

Page | 67

Shuttering, Timber work, Painting,Flooring, Plastering. Boundary wall,Brick building, Water Tank, Septic tank,Bar bending schedule, Centre linemethod, Mid-section formula,Trapezodial formula, Simpson‟s rule.Cost estimate of Septic tank, flexiblepavements, Tube well, isolates andcombined footings, Steel Truss, Pilesand pile-caps. Valuation – Value andcost, scrap value, salvage value,assessed value, sinking fund,depreciation and obsolescence, methodsof valuation.

Surveying : Principles of surveying,measurement of distance, chainsurveying, working of prismaticcompass, compass traversing, bearings,local attraction, plane table surveying,theodolite traversing, adjustment oftheodolite, Levelling, Definition ofterms used in levelling, contouring,curvature and refraction corrections,temporary and permanent adjustmentsof dumpy level, methods of contouring,uses of contour map, tachometricsurvey, curve setting, earth workcalculation, advanced surveyingequipment.

Soil Mechanics : Origin of soil, phasediagram, Definitions-void ratio,porosity, degree of saturation, watercontent, specific gravity of soil grains,unit weights, density index andinterrelationship of different parameters,Grain size distribution curves and theiruses. Index properties of soils,Atterberg‟s limits, ISI soil classificationand plasticity chart. Permeability of soil,coefficient of permeability,determination of coefficient ofpermeability, Unconfined and confinedaquifers, effective stress, quick sand,consolidation of soils, Principles ofconsolidation, degree of consolidation,pre-consolidation pressure, normallyconsolidated soil, e-log p curve,computation of ultimate settlement.Shear strength of soils, direct shear test,Vane shear test, Triaxial test. Soilcompaction, Laboratory compactiontest, Maximum dry density andoptimum moisture content, earthpressure theories, active and passiveearth pressures, Bearing capacity ofsoils, plate load test, standardpenetration test.

Page | 68

Hydraulics : Fluid properties,hydrostatics, measurements of flow,Bernoulli‟s theorem and its application,flow through pipes, flow in openchannels, weirs, flumes, spillways,pumps and turbines.

Irrigation Engineering: Definition,necessity, benefits, 2II effects ofirrigation, types and methods ofirrigation, Hydrology – Measurement ofrainfall, run off coefficient, rain gauge,losses from precipitation – evaporation,infiltration, etc. Water requirement ofcrops, duty, delta and base period,Kharif and Rabi Crops, Command area,Time factor, Crop ratio, Overlapallowance, Irrigation efficiencies.Different type of canals, types of canalirrigation, loss of water in canals. Canallining – types and advantages. Shallowand deep to wells, yield from a well.Weir and barrage, Failure of weirs andpermeable foundation, Slit and Scour,Kennedy‟s theory of critical velocity.Lacey‟s theory of uniform flow.Definition of flood, causes and effects,methods of flood control, water logging,preventive measure. Land reclamation,Characteristics of affecting fertility ofsoils, purposes, methods, description ofland and reclamation processes. Majorirrigation projects in India.

Transportation Engineering: HighwayEngineering – cross sectional elements,geometric design, types of pavements,pavement materials – aggregates andbitumen, different tests, Design offlexible and rigid pavements – WaterBound Macadam (WBM) and Wet MixMacadam (WMM), Gravel Road,Bituminous construction, Rigidpavement joint, pavement maintenance,Highway drainage, RailwayEngineering- Components of permanentway – sleepers, ballast, fixtures andfastening, track geometry, points andcrossings, track junction, stations andyards. Traffic Engineering – Differenttraffic survey, speed-flow-density andtheir interrelationships, intersections andinterchanges, traffic signals, trafficoperation, traffic signs and markings,road safety.

Environmental Engineering: Quality ofwater, source of water supply,purification of water, distribution ofwater, need of sanitation, sewerage

Page | 69

systems, circular sewer, oval sewer,sewer appurtenances, sewagetreatments. Surface water drainage.Solid waste management – types,effects, engineered management system.Air pollution – pollutants, causes,effects, control. Noise pollution – cause,health effects, control.

Structural EngineeringTheory of structures: Elasticityconstants, types of beams – determinateand indeterminate, bending moment andshear force diagrams of simplysupported, cantilever and over hangingbeams. Moment of area and moment ofinertia for rectangular & circularsections, bending moment and shearstress for tee, channel and compoundsections, chimneys, dams and retainingwalls, eccentric loads, slope deflectionof simply supported and cantileverbeams, critical load and columns,Torsion of circular section.

24 PersonalAssistant

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) Degree from arecognized University.(ii) Skill Test Norms:Dictation: 10 minutes @100 WPM.Transcription: 40 minutesEnglish or 55 minutesHindi on a Computer.Desirable :Diploma/Certificate inSecretarial Practice froma recognized Institute.Excellent command over

Hindi and English(written and spoken)


b) GeneralAwareness



30

30

10

30


25 Warden(HostelWarden)

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) Graduate from recognizedUniversity / Institute.(ii) Diploma / Certificate inHouse Keeping / MaterialManagement / PublicRelations / EstateManagement.(iii) Possessing two years’Experience of handlingHostels in Government/reputed Organization.


b) GeneralAwareness



30

25

25

20

(a) to (d) :- Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

26 JuniorAccountsOfficer(Account

GraduateinCommerce

Possessingtwoyears’experienceofhandlingacco

untswork in


b) General

10

10

Same as Chief Cashier.

Page | 70

ant) GovernmentOrganizati

on

Awareness



e) GovernmentAccountingSystem &Budgeting

f) FundamentalPrinciples andBasic Conceptsof Accounting

10

10

20

40

27 MultiRehabilitationworker(Physiotherapist)

Essential Qualification

& Experience:

Bachelor’s Degree inPhysiotherapy from a

recognized Institute /

University with 2 years

experience.

OR

Diploma inRehabilitation with 5

years experience.

Registered with the

Physiotherapy Council.

a) Anatomy

b) Physiology

10

10

1. General and Applied anatomy

2. Musculoskeletal system –

Connective tissue & its modification,tendons, membranes, special connectivetissue.

Bone structure, blood supply, growth,ossification, and classification.

Muscle classification, structure andfunctional aspect.

Joints – classification, structures ofjoints, movements, range, limitingfactors, stability, blood supply, nervesupply, dislocations and appliedanatomy.

3. Central nervous system – disposition,parts and functions

4. Cardiovascular system

5. Lymphatic system

6. Respiratory system

7. Digestive system

8. Urinary and Reproductive system

9. Endocrine system

1. General Physiology

Page | 71

c)Fundamentalsof OccupationalTherapyHistory &development ofOccupationalTherapy.

d)Rehabilitation

e) OccupationalperformancemodelGeneralized &specificprinciples oftherapeuticexercisesPrinciples &methods oftesting range ofmotion &muscle strength

f) Testingmethods ofsensation,

10

10

10

10

2. Blood


4. Respiratory System

5. Nerve Muscle Physiology

6. Nervous system

7. Renal System

8. Digestive System

9. Endocrinology

Page | 72

perception,coordinationand muscletoneTherapeuticmodalities

Humandevelopmentand itsimportance inoccupationaltherapy.

Generalprinciples ofhumanmaturation

g)

a)Prevocationalevaluation

i) Evaluation ofwork capacity

ii) Evaluationof physicalcapacity

iii) Evaluationof functionalcapacity

b) On the job orwork siteevaluation

c) Worksamples such asTOWER, BTE,WEST

d) Workhardening &workconditioning

h) Differenttypes of tools &

10

10

Page | 73

equipment’s &their uses inOccupationalTherapy

Define &classify splintswith their briefdescription,state generalprinciples ofsplinting,describematerial used

i)Hand function& evaluationmethods

j) Activities ofdaily livingOccupationaltherapy asdiagnostic &prognosticprocedure.Stepsinvolved inpreparing theclient for returnto work.

10

10

Page | 74

28 DentalTechnician


(i) 10 + 2 with Science

from a recognizedUniversity/ Board.

(ii) Diploma (minimum

2 years duration) from a

recognized Institution

in Dental Hygiene; or

Dental Mechanic; orMaxillofacial Prosthesis

and Orthodontic

appliances.

(iii) Registered as

Dental

Hygienist/DentalMechanic with the

Dental Council of

India.

A) Fabricationof completedenture

a) Impressiontechniques

b) Impressionmaterials

c) Bordermoulding

d) BoxingBeading

e) Fabricationof occlusionrims and jawrelation

f) Teeth setting

g) Try in

h) Acrylization

B) Fabricationof removablepartial dentures

Maintenance ofOral Hygiene

a) Plaquecontrol

b) Scaling, rootplanning andcurettage

Dental Hygiene

C) Flexibledentures

Relining &

20

20

20

Page | 75

Rebasing

Fabrication offixed partialdentures:Ceramic crown& bridgesfabrication

D) Dentalmaterials

SolderingWelding

Fabrication ofspacemaintainers

F) Habitbreakingappliances

Removableorthodonticappliances

Importance ofOral Health

20

20

Page | 76

29 Refractionist


B.Sc. in OphthalmicTechniques or

equivalent from a

recognized University /

Institution.

a) Anatomy ofeye

b) Physiologyof eye

c)Generalconsiderationof differentterms used inophthalmology.– Commondiseases ofeyelids– Commondiseases ofconjunctiva

d)Generalconsiderationof differentterms used inophthalmology.- Commondiseases ofsclera Commondiseases of iris& ciliary body– GlaucomaCataract– Orbit

e)Examinationof eye- Visual acquity– amplitude ofaccommodation– Colour vision

f)Examinationof eye– Principle ofRadioscopy– Staticrefraction

g)Errors ofrefraction* Myopia*

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Page | 77

Hypermetropia* Astigmatism

h)Errors ofrefraction– Apahna– Presbyopia–Anisometropia– Anisokomia

i)Physicaloptics* properties oflight* Principal ofreflection* Principles ofrefractions

j)Physicaloptics* Lenses andtheircombinations– Keratometry– Contactlenses* Indications* Types* Uses*Practice – Lowvision aids,.

10

10

10

30 LibrarianGrade-III

Essential Qualification &Experience:i) Bachelor Degree inLibrary Science orLibrary and InformationService from a recognizedUniversity/Institute.

ORB.Sc. Degree orequivalent from arecognized Universityand Bachelor Degree orPost Graduate Diploma orequivalent in LibraryScience from arecognized University orInstitute.WITHii) 2 years’ professionalexperience in a LibraryunderCentral/State/Autonomous/Statutoryorganization/PSU/University or recognizedResearch and Educational


b) GeneralAwareness



e) SubjectKnowledge oftheconcerned post(Librarymethodsand techniques)

10

10

10

10

60


e) Library Methods and TechniquesLibrary and Society: Laws of LibraryScience; Types of Libraries; LibraryAssociations, Systems andProgrammers; Library Movement andLibrary Legislation in India;Organizations and Institutions involvedin the development of Library and

Page | 78

Institution.iii) Ability to useComputers - Hands onexperience in OfficeApplications, Spreadsheets and Presentations.

Desirable :Diploma in Computer

Application from arecognized University or

Institute.

Information Services-UNESCO, IFLA,FID,INIS, NISSAT, etc.;Library Management: Collectiondevelopment - Types of Documents andSelection Principles, AcquisitionProcedure, Acquisition of Journals andPeriodicals, Preparation of Documentsfor use; Library Personnel and LibraryCommittee, Library Rules andRegulations; Library Finance andBudget; Principles of LibraryManagement, Library Organization andStructure; Use and Maintenance of theLibrary - Circulation, Maintenance,Shelving, Stock Verification, Bindingand Preservation, Weeding out, etc.;

Library Classification Theory andPractice: Canons and Principles, LibraryClassification Schemes - DDC, CC,UDC;

Library Cataloguing Theory andPractice: Canons and Principles; LibraryCataloguing Codes - CCC and AACR;

Reference and Information Sources:Bibliography and Reference Sources -Types of Bibliography; ReferenceSources- Dictionaries, Encyclopedias,Ready Reference Sources, etc.; Sourcesof Information - Primary, Secondary,Tertiary, Documentary, Non-Documentary; E-Documents, EBooks,E-Journals, etc.;Information Services: Concept and needfor Information; Types of Documents;Nature and organization of InformationServices, Abstracting and IndexingServices; Computer based InformationServices - CAS, SDI;Information Technology: BasicsIntroduction to Computers; Use ofcomputers in Library housekeeping,Library Automation; Software andsoftware packages; Networks -DELNET, NICNET, etc.; National andInternational Information Systems -NISSAT, NASSDOC, INSDOC,DESIDOC, etc.

31 JuniorEngineer(Electrical)

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate in ElectricalEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute.Desirable :2 years' experience inrepair and maintenance of


b) GeneralAwareness

15

15


Page | 79

Electrical Systemspreferably in a HospitalEnvironment.ORDiploma in ElectricalEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute With5 years’ experience inrepair and maintenance ofElectrical Systemspreferably in a HospitalEnvironment.

c) Subjectknowledge oftheconcerned post(ElectricalEngineering)

70 (c) Electrical Engineering:Basic concepts: Concepts of resistance,inductance, capacitance, and variousfactors affecting them. Concepts ofcurrent, voltage, power, energy and theirunits.Circuit law : Kirchhoff‟s law, SimpleCircuit solution using networktheorems.Magnetic Circuit: Concepts of flux,mmf, reluctance, Different kinds ofmagnetic materials, Magneticcalculations for conductors of differentconfiguration e.g. straight, circular,solenoidal, etc. Electromagneticinduction, self and mutual induction.

AC Fundamentals: Instantaneous, peak,R.M.S. and average values ofalternating waves, Representation ofsinusoidal wave form, simple series andparallel AC Circuits consisting of R.L.and C, Resonance, Tank Circuit. PolyPhase system – star and deltaconnection, 3 phase power, DC andsinusoidal response of R-Land R-Ccircuit.

Measurement and measuringinstruments: Measurement of power (1phase and 3 phase, both active and re-active) and energy, 2 wattmeter methodof 3 phase power measurement.Measurement of frequency and phaseangle. Ammeter and voltmeter (bothmoving oil and moving iron type),extension of range wattmeter,Multimeters, Megger, Energy meter ACBridges. Use of CRO, Signal Generator,CT, PT and their uses. Earth Faultdetection.

Electrical Machines : (a) D.C. Machine– Construction, Basic Principles of D.C.motors and generators, theircharacteristics, speed control andstarting of D.C. Motors. Method ofbraking motor, Losses and efficiency ofD.C. Machines. (b) 1 phase and 3 phasetransformers – Construction, Principlesof operation, equivalent circuit, voltageregulation, O.C. and S.C. Tests, Lossesand efficiency. Effect of voltage,frequency and wave form on losses.Parallel operation of 1 phase /3 phasetransformers. Auto transformers. (c) 3phase induction motors, rotatingmagnetic field, principle of operation,equivalent circuit, torque-speedcharacteristics, starting and speed

Page | 80

control of 3 phase induction motors.Methods of braking, effect of voltageand frequency variation on torque speedcharacteristics.

Fractional Kilowatt Motors and SinglePhase Induction Motors: Characteristicsand applications.

Synchronous Machines - Generation of3-phase e.m.f. armature reaction,voltage regulation, parallel operation oftwo alternators, synchronizing, controlof active and reactive power. Startingand applications of synchronous motors.

Generation, Transmission andDistribution – Different types of powerstations, Load factor, diversity factor,demand factor, cost of generation, inter-connection of power stations. Powerfactor improvement, various types oftariffs, types of faults, short circuitcurrent for symmetrical faults.Switchgears – rating of circuit breakers,Principles of arc extinction by oil andair, H.R.C. Fuses, Protection againstearth leakage / over current, etc.Buchholtz relay, Merz-Price system ofprotection of generators & transformers,protection of feeders and bus bars.Lightning arresters, varioustransmission and distribution system,comparison of conductor materials,efficiency of different system. Cable –Different type of cables, cable ratingand derating factor.

Estimation and costing : Estimation oflighting scheme, electric installation ofmachines and relevant IE rules. Earthingpractices and IE Rules.

Utilization of Electrical Energy :Illumination, Electric heating, Electricwelding, Electroplating, Electric drivesand motors.

Basic Electronics: Working of variouselectronic devices e.g. P N Junctiondiodes, Transistors (NPN and PNPtype), BJT and JFET. Simple circuitsusing these devices.

32 JuniorEngineer(AirConditioning &Refriger

Essential Qualification &Experience:Graduate inElectrical/MechanicalEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute.


b) GeneralAwareness

15

15


Page | 81

ation) Desirable :2 years’ experience inrepair and maintenance oflarge scale AirConditioning andRefrigeration Systems.ORDiploma inElectrical/MechanicalEngineering from arecognizedUniversity/Institute.With 5 years’ experiencein repair and maintenanceof large scale AirConditioning andRefrigeration Systems.

c)Subjectknowledge oftheconcerned post(Airconditioning &Refrigeration)

70 (c):- Subject Knowledge (Airconditioning & Refrigeration):General -Knowledge of Indian Electricity Act,Indian Elect. Rules as amended up-to-date. General conditions of supply andcharges to be paid to licencees forobtaining connection. CPWD GeneralSpecifications for Electrical Works,Principles of analysis of rates. GeneralPrinciples in preparation of estimates,project reports, award of works andexecution of works and measurement.ISI/BIS Standards and Codes ofpractices.

Internal Electrical Installations -Systems of wiring and their design,distribution system. Apparatus forcontrol, protection and Testing.

Earthing, Lighting Protection, Safety &Maintenance -Necessity of earthing, earthingresistance, type of earthing. Lightingprotection design, layout, material andinstallation. Safety procedures andpractices, principles of equipmentinstallation, preventive maintenance andtesting of equipment.

Sub-Station up to 33 KV andDistribution -Layout and Design for indoor andoutdoor application. Specifications forequipment, Sub- Station earthlings,stand-by generating sets, commissioningprocedures and tests. Distribution:Design of overhead line andunderground distribution systems.Specification for cables, conductors,Supports etc. Cable joining andtermination methods, power factorimprovement, service connection tobuildings.

Air-Conditioning Ventilation -General principles of Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning, evaporative cooling andventilation, Heating and cooling loadestimation. Classification of systems,their design and application, structuralrequirements, specifications forinstallations.

Water Supply -Types of pumps and theircharacteristics. Prime movers, pumping

Page | 82

systems and application. Specificationfor equipment and installation.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS -(i) Single and poly phase A.C. Circuit.Effects of resistance inductance andcapacitance.(ii) Single and poly phase transformers– constructional features, equivalentcircuits performance, parallel operation,phase conversion. Separation of lossesand determination of efficiency byvarious methods. Autotransformers.(iii) Alternators, Constructionalfeatures, regulation, parallel operationand Protection. Automatic Voltageregulators, Emergency generating sets,automatic change over.(iv) Induction machines, polyphasemotor and its principle of operation andequivalent circuit. Torque, slipcharacteristics. Crawling, methods ofstarting, single phase motor, its theory,characteristics and application.

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS,PROTECTIVE RELAYING,MEASUREMENTS -Current, Voltage transformers.Constructional features of IDMT relays,instantaneous relays includingknowledge of overload earth fault,undervoltage, Bucholz relays.Connection diagrams, settings.Electrical instruments andMeasurements, principles ofconstruction and theory of measuringinstruments for direct and alternatingcurrents. Commercial types.Measurement of resistance, Voltage,current, power, power factor andenergy. Watt meters, energy meters.Thermos couples, ResistanceThermometers, Pyro-meters. Faultlocating bridges for cables.Measurements of resistance, inductanceand capacitance, Wheatstone bridge.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINESFuels and Combustion. Fuels and theirproperties, combustion calculations.Analysis of products of combustion.Power cycles. Vapor power cycles-Carnot and Rankine. Gas Power-Ottoand Diesel cycles. Deviation of actualcycles from theoretical cycles. Internalcombustion engines – Two and fourstroke compression ignition and spark

Page | 83

ignition engines. Combustionphenomena. Detonation, Knocking,scavenging of two stroke engines. Fuelinjection and carburation. Lubricationand cooling system performance andtesting of IC engines. Pollution controlrequirements/standards.

HEATING, AIR CONDITIONINGAND REFRIGERATIONRefrigeration – Refrigeration and heatpump cycles. Vapour compression,absorption Cycles. Refrigerants andtheir characteristics. Air Conditioning –Psychrometric chart, comfortairconditioning, comfort indices,ventilation requirements. Cooling anddehumidification methods. Industrialair-conditioning processes. Differentmethods of electric heating.Construction and performance ofElectric heating equipment.

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGYEstimation of power and energyrequirements of electric welding,different types of equipments used andtheir characteristics. Manufacturing andFabricating methodsand practices for various electrical andmechanical equipment such as pumps,switch boards, light fittings, AHUs etc.

ENERGY CONSERVATION,POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENTComparison of different types of lampsfrom the point of energy conservation,calculation of payback period. Powerfactor improvement, Reduction of loadcurrent and transformer losses due topower factor improvements. KVArequirement for power factorimprovement.

SOLAR ENERGY UTILISATIONSolar Hot Water system, principles,constructional features, constituentparts, installation, operation &maintenance, solar photo voltaic system,advantages/disadvantages of solarheating & solar photo voltaic system.

33 JuniorHindiTranslator

Master's Degree of arecognized University inHindi with English as acompulsory or electivesubject or as the mediumof examination at the

a) GeneralHindi,

b) GeneralEnglish

35

30

Same as Senior Hindi Officer

Page | 84

Degree Level.ORMaster's Degree of arecognized University inEnglish with Hindi as acompulsory or electivesubject or as the mediumof examination at theDegree Level.ORMaster’s Degree of arecognized University inany subject other thanHindi or English withHindi medium andEnglish as a compulsoryor elective subject or asthe medium of anexamination at the DegreeLevel.ORMaster’s Degree of arecognized University inany subject other thanHindi or English withEnglish medium andHindi as a compulsory orelective subject or as themedium of anexamination at the DegreeLevel;ORMaster’s Degree of arecognized University inany subject other thanHindi or English withHindi and English ascompulsory or electivesubjects or either of thetwo as a medium ofexamination and the otheras a compulsory orelective subject at DegreeLevel;ANDRecognized Diploma orCertificate Course inTranslation from Hindi toEnglish & vice versa ortwo years’ experience ofTranslation Work fromHindi to English and viceversa in Central or StateGovernment Officeincluding Government ofIndia Undertaking.

c) Translationfrom Hindi toEnglish andviceversa

35

Page | 85

34 RadiotherapyTechnicianGrade-II


Experience:

B.Sc. (Hons.) (3 years

course) in Radiographyfrom a recognized

University / Institution.

OR

Diploma in Radiography

from a recognized

Institution with 2 years’experience.

Desirable : Ability to use

Computers - Hands on

experience in Office

Applications, Spread-sheets and Presentations.

a)GeneralIntelligence andQuantitativeability

b)GeneralStudies andLogicalreasoning

10

10

Questions in this component will bedesigned to test the candidate’sunderstanding and knowledge ofEnglishlanguage and will be based on spot theerror, fill in the blanks, synonyms,antonyms, spelling/detecting misspeltwords, idioms & phrases, one wordsubstitution, improvement of sentences,active/passive voice ofverbs, conversion into direct/indirectnarration, shuffling of sentence parts,shuffling of sentences in a passage,comprehension passage and any otherEnglish language questions at the levelof Matriculation/Higher Secondary. Thequestions will be designed to test theability of appropriate use of numbersand number sense of the candidate. Thescope of the test will be percentage,Ratio & Proportion, Square roots,Averages, Interest, Profit & Loss,Discount, Partnership Business, Mixtureand Allegation, Time and distance,Time & work, Basicalgebraic identities of School Algebra,Elementary surds, Graphs of LinearEquations, Triangle and its chords,tangents, angles subtended by chords ofa circle, common tangents to two ormore circles, Triangle, Quadrilaterals,Regular Polygons, Circle, Right Prism,Right Circular Cone, Right CircularCylinder, Square,Hemispheres, RectangularParallelepiped, Regular Right Pyramidwith triangular or square base,Trigonometric ratio, Degree and RadianMeasures, Standard Identities,Complementary angles, Heights andDistances, Histogram, FrequencyPolygon, Bar diagram, Pie chart and anyother question of Matriculationlevel.

Questions in this component will beaimed at testing the candidates generalawareness of the environment aroundhim and its application to society.Questions will also be designed to testknowledge of current eventand of such matters of every dayobservations and experience in theirscientific aspect as may be expected ofany educated person. The test will alsoinclude questions relating to India andits neighbouring Countries

Page | 86

c) Anatomy andPhysiology

10

especially pertaining History, Culture,Geography, Economic Scene, GeneralPolicy, Indian Constitution &ScientificResearch and Others.Logical Reasoning would includequestions of both verbal and non-verbaltype. This component may includequestions on analogies, similarities anddifferences, space visualisation, spatialorientation, problem solving, analysis,judgement, decision making, visualmemory, discrimination, observation,relationship concepts, arithmeticalreasoning and figural classification,arithmetic number series, non-verbalseries, coding and decoding, statementconclusion, syllogistic reasoning etc.The topics are Semantic Analogy,Symbolic/Number Analogy, FiguralAnalogy, Semantic Series, NumberSeries, Figural Series, Problem Solving,Word Building, Coding &de-coding, Numerical Operations,Symbolic Operations, Trends, SpaceOrientation, Space Visualisation, VennDiagrams, Drawing inferences, Punchedhole/pattern - folding & un-folding,Figural Pattern-folding and completion,Indexing, Address matching, Date &City matching, Classification of centrecodes/roll numbers,Small & Capital letters/numbers coding,decoding and classification, EmbeddedFigures, Critical thinking, motionalIntelligence, Social Intelligence & Othersub-topics, if any.

5) Basic Computers: a) GeneralComputer Processing ability in MS-Office like Word Processing, Excel,Power point, etc. & OperatingSystems.b) ProfessionalSoftware/Hardware System relevant tothe Post.c) Any other Computer/IT relatedquestions.

Structure of the body–cells, tissues.Musculoskeletal System: Skull,Vertebral column, Shoulder GirdleBones of upper extremities, Bones oflower extremities, pelvis and itsmuscles, Ossification.

Page | 87

d) Dark roomtechniques

10

Cardiovascular System: Heart–blood–Arteries–Veins.Lymphatic System: Circulation ofLymph, Lymph glands, Thoracic duct.Digestive System: Mouth–oesophagus–stomach–small intestines largeintestines spleen Liver Gallbladder Pancreas.Respiratory System: Nose, Larynx-Trachea-Lungs Bony-case.Nervous System: Brain-meninges-ventricles-Spinal cord and nerves.Eye: Structure and its function.Ear: Structure and function.Surface Anatomy and Cross–sectionalAnatomy.Reproductive System: Female & Maleorgans.Urinary System: Kidneys, Ureters,Bladder, Prostate and Urethra.Skin: Structure and its function.Endocrine System: Pituitary gland,Penial gland, Thymus gland, thyroidand parathyroid gland, suprarenalglands

Photographic Process: Light image,Image produced by radiation, LightSensitive materials, latent image.Film Material: The structure of X–ray &Imaging films, Resolving power, Grainsof films, sensitivity of film, contrast offilms, Type of films.X–ray Film Storage: Storage ofunexposed films.Screens: Construction of intensifyingscreens.Choice of fluorescent material.Intensification factor, Detail, Sharpness.Speed, Screen contact, care ofintensifying screens, Types of Screens.Cassettes: Cassette designs, Care ofcassette, Mounting of intensifyingscreen in the cassettes, Various types ofcassettes.Safe Light: Constituents, filter, testing.Film Processing: Constituents ofprocessing solution and replenishes.Factors affecting the development.Types of developer and fixer, Factorsaffecting the use of fixer. Silverrecovery methods.Film Rising, Washing andDrying: Intermediate rinse–washing anddrying.Film Processing Equipment: Manualand Automatic processing.Dark Room Design: Outlay andmaterials used.

Page | 88

e)GeneralPhysics

f) RadiographicTechniques

10

10

Radiographic Image: The sharpness,contrast, detail, definition, viewingconditions & artifacts.Miscellaneous: Trimming, identificationof films, legends, records filing, reportdistribution.

Elementary idea of thermionic emission,Electron–idea of mass and nature ofcharge, Coulomb's law, Electric field,Unit of potential.Ohm's law, Units of resistance, potentialand current, Combination of resistancein series and parallel. Fuses, Units ofelectric power, Earthing of electricalequipment.Magnetic fields, Lines of force, Fieldpattern due to a straight current carryingconductor, coil carrying current,electromagnet, Construction andworking of galvanometer, voltammeterand ammeter, (moving coil type andmoving magnet type).Heat and methodsof transference of heat, condensers,Inductance and Impedance. A.C. andD.C. currents-effective current, RMSvalue, peak value. Electromagneticinduction – Laws, fields, influence.Transformers – Principles, construction,and uses of step down and High tensiontransformers.Diode values and their use in rectifierssolid-state rectifiers, its variousrectifying circuits uses in X–ray machines, production of X–rays andtheir properties, X–ray tube–Stationaryanode and rotating anode & therapytubes, X–ray circuit, interlockingcircuits, relay and timers.

Radiography TechniquesUpper Limb: Fingers individual and as awhole hands, Carpal bones wrists,Forearm, elbow–head of radius,humerus, shoulder joint, Acromio-clavicular joint, scapula, sterno-clavicular joint, small joints.Lower Limb: Toes, foot, calcaneum &other tarsal bones, ankle joint, legs,knees, patella, fibula, femur,intercondylar notch.Hip & Pelvis: Hip, Neck of femur,threatre procedure, for hip pinning orreduction, pelvis, sacro-iliac joints,pubic bones, acetabulum.Vertebral Column: Curves, postures,

Page | 89

g)Radiographicprocedures

10

relative levels atlanto, occipital region,odontoid process, Cervical spine,thoracic Inlet, Cervico, thoracic spine,lumbosacral spine, sacrum,coccyscoliosis, kyphosis, flexion,extension and neutral.Bones of the thorax: Sternum ribs.Skull: Land marks, Cranium, facialbones, maxilla, mandible, zygoma, T.M.joints, mastoids, petrous bones, opticforamen, sells turcica, P.N.S.Chest: Chest in teleradiography, chestsupine & portable, Lordotic, apicogramand MMR.Abdomen: Preparation, indication andcontraindication, acute abdomen,pregnancy abdomen for multiplicitymaturity and foetal abnormality.Pelvirnetry.Soft tissue: Neck and breast.Emergency Radiography: Bedsideradiography, O.T. Radiography.Radiography for age evidence: Bone ageevidence.Dental Radiography: Occlusal view,Dental X–ray, Panoramic view.

I. (i) Pathology: Definition, cell growth,cell deformities, cell damage, defencemechanism, cell repair.(ii) Neoplasia: Benign & Malignantincluding its mode of growth andmetastasis.(iii) Radiation: Local and systemic.(iv) Radiotherapy techniques.(v) Emergency in Radiology.II.(i) Contrast media.(ii) Urinary Tract: I.V.P., RetrogradePyelography, Cystourethrography.Presacral Insufflation.(iii) Biliary Tract: Oralcholecystography, I.V.C, Transhepaticpercutaneous cholangiography pre-operative cholangiography – T-tubecholangiography, E.R.C.P.(iv) Tomography: Principle, equipmentand types of movements, procedure.(v) Venography:Splenoportovenography, Peripheralvenography.(vi) Lymphangiography.(vii) Marnmography andXeroradiography.(viii) Radiculography.(ix) Dacrocystography.III.(i) Gastro-intestinal Tract: Ba-swallow,Ba-meal upper G.I.T., Ba-meal follow-

Page | 90

h) RadiationPhysics andrelatedequipments

10

through, Ba-Enema.(ii) Female Genital Tract: Hystero-Salpingography, Gynecography,Placentography & Pelvimetry.(iii) Angiography: Carotid angiography,Femoral arteriography, Aortography,Selective angiography etc.(iv) CNS: Ventriculography,Myelography, Pneumoencephalography.(v) Sialography(vi) Sinography(vii) Nasopharyngography(viii) Laryngography(ix) Bronchography(x) Arthrography(xi) Discography

I.Latent images formation and itsprocessing.Various units used for measuringradiation–Roentgen, rad and rem.Construction of X–ray tube, X–rays–itsproduction and properties.Ionization chambers, G.M. Counter andScintillation Counter, Interaction of X–ray with matter.Quality and quantity of X–rays, HVT,linear absorption coefficient, Grid,Cones and Filters.Inverse square law, scattered radiationsand appliances used to reduce it.II. RadioactivityCurie, Half life, decay factor.Details about radium, cobalt andcaesium.Doses–dose and dose rate, exposuredose, exit dose, surface dose, depthdose, isodose charts and their uses.III.Radiation Hazards, Protection against it,film badge, pocket ionization chamber,maximum permissible dose.

(a) High-tension control equipment –Diagnostic H.T. circuits, high tensiongenerators, half wave full wave threephase, condensers discharge, contactvoltage high tension switches, controland establishing equipment, tubefilament supply, mains compensatormains resistance compensator. X-raytubes – design, rating and care of X-raytubes, practical considerations in choiceof focus, inherent filtration. MAS meterelementary principles and construction,importance as check on.(i) Radiographic results.(ii) Apparatus behaviour and additive

Page | 91

i) Patient-care 10

tube loading, exposure timers – springactivated, synchronous motor, value(Low-tension ionization testing timeraccuracy). Interlocks and safety devices.(iii) Circuits – Simple circuit diagramand illustration of sequence from mainssupply to control X-ray exposure bean.Centering devices – mechanical andoptical, interaction of X-rays and thebody transmission in body tissues.(b) Scattered radiation – control ofscattered radiation, cones, diaphragm,single and multiple filters grid ratio inrelation to KV, construction andoperation, focused and non – focused,single stroke reciprocating andoscillating potter – bucky, diaphragms,criss cross grids, stationary grids, useetc.(c) Production of X-ray tubes and hightension circuits for the production ofcontrol panel and control safety deviceand interlocks, basic principles of megavoltage X-ray machines.(d) Fluoroscopy – Tube filtration,diaphragm, tilting couch screen grid andexploratory and control safety devices,compressors, protection, electricalradiographic and mechanical control,use and care of couch accessory fittings.(e) Special equipment – body sectionradiography, apparatus and controlssimultaneous multi section accessoriesspecialized couches, skull table, mobileunits. Image intensifiers, principles,optical systems, for viewing andrecording final image electrical and x-ray supply protection, applications,including cine radiography, massminiature radiography, specialradiography, equipment for high speedserial techniques (etc.) rapid cassettechanger rapid films changer, roll films,full size and miniature, biplaneequipment, grids, protection, problemsof processing and presentation, care andmaintenance – general principle androutine use of charts supplied bymanufactures, radiographic calibrationprocedure.

(a) Hospital staffing and organisation,records relating to patients anddepartmental statistics, professionalattitude of the radiographer to patientsand other members of the staff, medicolegal aspects, minimising waiting time,appointments organisation stock takingand stock keeping.

Page | 92

(b) Care of patient: - first contact withpatient in the department handling ofchair and stretcher patients, lifting of illand injured patients, elementaryhygiene, personal cleanliness, hygienein relation to patients. E.g. clean linenand receptive nursing care, temperature.(c) First Aid: - Shock, asphyxia,convulsions, artificial respiration,electric shock, burns, scalds,haemorrhage, pressure point, tourniquet,fractures, splints, bandaging, foreignbodies, poisons, drug, reactions,administration of oxygen.(d) Preparation of a patient for generalX-ray examinations. Departmentalinstruction to out patients or ward staff,use of aperients, enema and colonicirrigation, flatulence and flatus causesand methods of relief, principles ofcatheterization and intubations,premeditation, its uses and methods,anaesthetised patients, nursing carebefore and after special X-rayexaminations e.g. in neurological,vascular and respiratory conditionsdiabetic patients, special attention tofood, trauma hazards.(e) Preparation of patients for special x-ray examinations barium enema, bariummeal, intravenous pyelographycholecystography etc. and theiradministration.(f) Principles and aspects: - Methods ofsterilization, care and identification ofinstruments and surgical dressings incommon use, setting of trays andtrolleys for various examinations etc.intravenous pyelography, biopsy,elementary operating theatre produce.(g) Drugs in department- storage,labeling checking, regulations regarding(h) Contrast media- bariumpreparations, iodineRadiographic Photography:(a) Photographic aspects of radiography– the fundamentals of the photographicprocess, light sensitive salts of silver,the photographic emulsion gelatin assuspension medium, size and frequencyof the silver halide grain in relation tosensitively and contrast, formation ofthe latent image, chemical development,construction of x-ray film base material,substratum coating, emulsion, coatinganti-abrasive super coating sensitivity,storage of unexposed film.(b) X-ray materials: - Type of emulsion,characteristics and control screen films,non screen films, dental films,

Page | 93

j) Specializedinvestigations

10

comparative speed and contrast to lightand x-rays.Characteristics of x-ray emulsions,characteristics curves of x-ray filmassessment of the results of correctexposure under & over exposure,density (D max) speed, contrast(Gamma infinity) graduation, fog, grain,exposure, kilovoltage and developinglatitude. Intensifying screensfluorescence application of fluorescencein radiography, construction of anintensifying screen, types of emulsion inrelation to type of salt, size of grain,coating, weight, kilovoltage, mountingand general care of screens, after glowtest for reciprocate failure, intermittencyeffect.X-ray, testing a cassette for provinggood screen contact, general case ofcassettes. X-ray developers –characteristics and detail freedom fromchemical fog and staining, long lifepossibility of degeneration.Standardization of quality of developersand development – function andconstituents of an x-ray developer,standardization by time and temperaturedevelopment latitude, exhaustion of adeveloper, replenishment of developers,ultra rapid developers, combineddeveloper and fixer, fixers and fixing,hardening agent, time of fixation,exhaustion of a fixer, electrolytic silverrecovery and fixer regeneration, rapidfixers, separate hardening. Rinsing,washing and drying – objects of rinsingand washing, methods, employed,methods of drying films, processing –preparation of solutions, available watersupply, nature of mixing, vessels, orderof mixing solutions, filtration, makingstock solutions, storage of drychemicals, storage of solutions,processing units, hangers, care ofhangers, control of temperature byheating elements and thermostat, watermixer, by refrigeration, use of ice – filmquality, ultra rapid processing, tank ordish units, stop bath rinse, wettingagents, after treatment of films.Automatic processing principles,procedure and regeneration of solutions.Knowledge of Atomic EnergyRegulatory Board (AERB) regulationsand rules.

Computed Tomography

Page | 94

Principles of CT – Basic Physics –Recent developments, applications etc.Positioning in CTDifferent types of contrast materials.Emergency treatment.Radiation hazardsDisposal of unused matter.Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Principle – Physics – Techniques –Types of coils – Basic term used in MRIOperations, Applications, etc.Positioning in MRI.Different types of contrast materials.Emergency treatment.MRI hazards.Factors affecting quality of imaging.Ultrasound

Physics – Types of ultrasound –Techniques of ultrasound scanning indifferent parts – positioning and filming– Principles of Doppler effect andcolour Doppler.

35 Physiotherapist

Essential Qualification& Experience:

Bachelor’s Degree inPhysiotherapy from a

recognized Institute /

University with 2 yearsexperience.

OR

Diploma in

Rehabilitation with 5

years experience.

Registered with thePhysiotherapy Council.

a) Anatomy 10 1. General and Applied anatomy.

2. Musculoskeletal system –

Connective tissue & its modification,tendons, membranes, special connectivetissue.

Bone structure, blood supply, growth,ossification, and classification.

Muscle classification, structure andfunctional aspect.

Joints – classification, structures ofjoints, movements, range, limitingfactors, stability, blood supply, nervesupply, dislocations and appliedanatomy.

3. Central nervous system – disposition,parts and functions


5. Lymphatic system

6. Respiratory system

7. Digestive system

Page | 95

b) Physiology

c)FundamentalsofOccupationalTherapy

History &development ofOccupationalTherapy

d)Rehabilitation

e) OccupationalperformancemodelGeneralized &specificprinciples oftherapeuticexercises

f) Therapeutic

10

10

10

10

8. Urinary and Reproductive system

9. Endocrine system

1. General Physiology

2. Blood


4. Respiratory System

5. Nerve Muscle Physiology

6. Nervous system

7. Renal System

8. Digestive System

9. Endocrinology

Page | 96

modalities

g) Principles &methods oftesting range ofmotion &musclestrength.Testingmethods ofsensation,perception,coordinationand muscletone.

h) Humandevelopmentand itsimportance inoccupationaltherapy.Generalprinciples ofhumanmaturation

i) Activities ofdaily livingOccupationaltherapy asdiagnostic &prognosticprocedure.

Steps involvedin preparing theclient for returnto work.

j)




10

10

10

10

10

Page | 97





Different typesof tools &equipments &their uses inOccupationalTherapy

Define &classify splintswith their briefdescription,state generalprinciples ofsplinting,describematerial used.Hand function& evaluationmethods

Page | 98

36 OccupationalTherapist

Essential Qualification

& Experience:(i) 10 +2 in Science

(Physics, Chemistry

and Biology) and;

(ii) Bachelor’s Degreein Occupational

Therapy from arecognized Institute /

University. (iii) 2 years

experience. Registered

with the Occupational

Therapy Council.

a) Anatomy

b) Physiology

c)FundamentalsofOccupationalTherapy

History &development ofOccupationalTherapy

10

10

10

1. General and Applied anatomy.2. Musculoskeletal system –Connective tissue & its modification,tendons, membranes, special connectivetissue.Bone structure, blood supply, growth,ossification, and classification.Muscle classification, structure andfunctional aspect.Joints – classification, structures ofjoints, movements, range, limitingfactors, stability, blood supply, nervesupply, dislocations and appliedanatomy.3. Central nervous system – disposition,parts and functions4. Cardiovascular system5. Lymphatic system6. Respiratory system7. Digestive system8. Urinary and Reproductive system

9. Endocrine system

1. General Physiology2. Blood3. Cardiovascular system4. Respiratory System5. Nerve Muscle Physiology6. Nervous system7. Renal System8. Digestive System

9. Endocrinology

Page | 99

d)Rehabilitation

e) OccupationalperformancemodelGeneralized&specificprinciples oftherapeuticexercises

f) Therapeuticmodalities

g) Principles &methods oftesting range ofmotion &musclestrength.Testingmethods ofsensation,perception,coordinationand muscletone.

h) Humandevelopmentand itsimportance inoccupationaltherapy.Generalprinciples ofhumanmaturation

i) Activities ofdaily livingOccupationaltherapy asdiagnostic &prognosticprocedure.

Steps involvedin preparing the

10

10

10

10

10

10

Page | 100

client for returnto work.

j)








Different typesof tools &equipments &their uses inOccupationalTherapy

Define &classify splintswith their briefdescription,state generalprinciples ofsplinting,describematerial used.

10

Page | 101

37 TB &ChestDiseasesHealthAssistant

Essential Qualification &Experience:B.Sc. (Hons) Nursingfrom a recognizedInstitute / University. ORDiploma in Nursing with2 years of relevantexperience.

a) Anatomy ofrespiratorysystem

b)BasicPhysiology ofRespiratorysystem

c)Basicunderstandingof Tuberculosis

d) Basicunderstandingof Anti-TBdrugs andcategories oftreatment

e) Prevention oftuberculosis

f) Technicaland OperationalGuidelines forTB Control inIndia 2016

g) Guidelinesfor preventionand treatmentof TB inPLHIV

10

10

10

10

20

20

20

38 JuniorReception Officer


(i) Degree from a

recognized University.

Desirable:

(i) Post-graduateDiploma in

Journalism/Public


b) GeneralAwareness

10

10

(a) to (d) :- Same as that of AssistantAdministrative Officer

Page | 102

Relations.

(ii)Experience in Public

Relations/Publications/

Printing/ Publishing.(iii) Exposure to

working on Personal

Computer.



e) Basiccomputerknowledge

f) Subjectknowledge oftheconcerned post(PublicRelations)

10

10

20

40

(e): Basic Computer Knowledge:Introduction to MS Windows, MSOffice, Basics of Internet etc.

(f): Subject KnowledgePrinciples of Communication andPublic Relations

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?Definitions – Elements ofCommunication, Nature, Role andScope of Communication,Communications, Public opinion andDemocracy, Communication massmedia and Socio-economicdevelopment.

METHODS OF COMMUNICATION:Face to face Communication, GroupCommunication, Mass Communication-Spoken, Written, Un-Spoken andUnwritten, Present state ofCommunication in India.

MASS COMMUNICATIONS ANDMASS MEDIA:Marshal McLuchan’s theory-theMedium is the message, One-step, two-step, multi-step flow of Communication,Mass Media and its characteristicsWhat is Communication research?The nature and task of Communicationresearch.

PRINCIPLES OF PUBLICRELATIONS:What is Public Relations? Meaning andDefinitions, Basic elements of PR,Nature, role and scope, PR as a tool ofmodern management –PR role in the Indian Setting-Developing economy.PR as distinct from other forms ofCommunication, PR and Publicity,Lobbying, Propaganda, SalesPromotion, and Advertising, PR andCorporate Marketing Services.

Historical Perspective-Industrial

Page | 103

revolution-the beginnings of PR –Pioneers-Ivy Lee in America –Technological and media revolution inthe Society- PR during First and SecondWorld Wars – The Development ofIndian PR, Early Phase,Professionalism, Genesis and Growth ofPRSI – Present status and Future of PRin India.Public Opinion – Meaning andDefinition- Opinion Leaders-IndividualsInstitution, Roots of public attitudes –Culture, the family, religion, Economicand Social Classes – Role of PR inopinion formation-persuasion.

The Ethics of PR – SocialResponsibility Code of ProfessionalStandards for the practice of PR – IRSI– Code of Ethics.

Public Relations MediaMEDIA CLASSIFICATION:Introduction to Mass Media, Functionsof Mass Media, Characteristics,Limitations, advantage and relativeappeal of different media.NEWS-PAPERS AND MAGAZINES:Principal categories of newspapers andperiodicals, News Agencies,Government and Press – Mass Media asSocial Instruments.RADIO BROADCASTING:Ratio in India, Relative coverage andappeal of Radio and Press. Impact ofRadio on rural India and ruraldevelopment.TV IN INDIA:A brief history of Television –Coverage, present status and impact onmasses, Role of SatelliteCommunication, TV for Socio-Economic change, The future ofTelevision in India.

FILM IN INDIA:Film as a tool of PR, Impact of films,Documentaries, PR Films, FeatureFilms, Script writing of newsreel anddocumentaries.PHOTOGRAPHS:The Camera as a tool of PR, Uses ofPhotos in PR, News-photos, Photofeatures-photo Editing, Caption writing.EXHIBITIONS:Exhibition as a PR tool, Types ofExhibitions, Planning an Exhibition-Theme and Display.MEDIA RELATIONS:

Page | 104

-Strategy for good media relations,Inter-Media Publicity, PressConference.-Traditional Media as a PR tool – Types– Advantages - Role of traditionalMedia in rural India.-Outdoor media as a PR tool –Hoardings – Posters – Transit media –Bus panels – Neon sings – Direct Mail –advantages.-The Art of News writing – What isNews, Difference between newspaperswriting and Broadcast writing,Language, content and style.-Writing for Newspapers and HouseJournals - Reporting – How to write apress release, Press release – Its parts,headline, subhead lines, the lead,paragraphs, essentials of writing a pressrelease.-Feature writing, Corporate features-Development-stories.-Editorial Writings: House Journal’sEditorials, Writing for Radio & TV.

Public Relations PracticePUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTICE:Scope of the Practice ; Profile of thepractitioner ; Planning for PublicRelations ; Measuring Public RelationsObjectives ; Organizing PublicRelations department;- OrganizingPublic Relations Agency.PUBLIC RELATIONSSPECIALISATION:Public Relations in Employee Relations; Public Relations in Industrial Relations; Public Relations and the Community ;Public Relations and the Govt. ; PublicRelations in Promotion of causes andIdeas.

39 SpeechPathologist


BASLP (Bachelors in

Audiology and Speech

Language Pathology)from RCI recognized

Institute/University or

equivalent.

a)INTRODUCTIONTO HUMANCOMMUNICATION

10 a) History and development of theprofession of Speech-LanguagePathology (SLP) specifically in Indiab)Various settings of service delivery

c) Other professions concernedwith communication disorders

d) Human communication:Definition and component

i. Interdependency & interrelationbetween communication, hearing,speech, and language.

ii. Function of communication,speech and language

iii. Modes of communication (Verbal& Non-verbal)

iv. Characteristics of good speechv. Interactive bases of human

communicationb. Nervous system:

Page | 105

i. Divisions and functions of thenervous system, nerve cell,receptors and synapse, types ofnerve fibers. Peripheral nervoussystem. Brief description ofspinal cord and CSF.

ii. Structure of the brain anddivisions: general and lobes ofcerebrum. Reticular formation,Basal ganglia and cerebellum.Reflex action and commonreflexes. Cranial nerves,distribution and supply with thespecial reference to II , V, VII ,IX, X , XII., Nerve tracts (motorand sensory), Brodmann’s area,anatomy of the nervous systemrelated to speech and language.

c. Mechanism of speech andlanguage production

i. Anatomy and physiology ofrespiratory system:

ii. Detailed study of trachea, larynx,oropharynx and nasopharynx. •Respiration for life and speech

iii. Physiology: External and internalrespiration. Mechanism ofrespiration-internal and externalinfluence, nervous control, Lungvolumes (vital capacity-tidalvolume. residual air, artificialrespiration.(in brief)

d. Basic Acoustics of speechi. Vibrating system – simple

harmonic motion – simplevibrating system – system with twoor more masses – system withmany modes of vibrations –vibration spectra. Waves – What isa wave? Progressive waves –sound waves – wave propagation –Doppler effect – reflection,diffraction, interference,absorption. Resonance of a massspring vibrator- standing waves –partials, harmonics and overtones –Acoustics impedance – Helmholtzresonator – sympathetic vibrations.2. Mechanism of speech andlanguage production

ii. Anatomy and physiology oflaryngeal system • Development ofvoice • Bases of pitch and loudnesschange mechanism

e. Mechanism of speech andlanguage production

i. Anatomy and Physiology ofArticulatory syste

ii. Development of Articulationiii. Anatomy and Physiology of

Page | 106

b)INTRODUCTION TO HEARING& HEARINGSCIENCES

10

Resonatory systemf. Development of speech and

Language: Development oflanguage

g. Semantics: A brief introduction todifferent types of meaninghomonyms, synonyms andantonyms.

h. Morphology: Morpheme – boundand free, process of wordformation, content and functionwords.

i. Syntax:, grammatical and syntacticcategories, sentence types,Syntactic analysis.

j. Pragmatics: Introduction to verbaland non-verbal communication andother indicators, intent ofcommunication.

k. Theories and models of languageAcquisition – Behavioral,Nativistic, Cognitive, Linguistic,Pragmatic, Biological andInformation processing model.Developmental issues incommunicative development –genetic, neurological, medical,behavioural, social andpsychological.

l. Bilingualism / multilingualism inchildren; Bilingual Languagelearning contexts at home andschool situations, compound /coordinate context and others.

m. Unit 3 Definition, Etiology,Characteristics, Classification andImpact of Hearing Impairment,Mental Retardation, Cerebral Palsy

n. Definition, Etiology,Characteristics and classificationof Autism SpectrumDisorders/PervasiveDevelopmental

Definition, Etiology, Characteristics,Classification and Impact of SpecificLanguage Impairment • LearningDisability • Acquired aphasias inchildhood • Traumatic Brain Injury •Multiple disabilities Introduction toassessment procedures, differentialdiagnosis and management

a) Origin of Audiology, Its growth &development (since World War II) • Itsgrowth in India • Scope of Audiology,Branches of Audiology •Audiovestibular system: Anatomy of theexternal, middle and internal ears.Ascending and descending auditory and

Page | 107

vestibular pathways. • Physiology of theexternal, middle & inner ear, centralhearing mechanisms, cochlearmicrophonics, action potentials, theoriesof hearing (AC & BC) , Theory of boneconduction • Vestibular system:Functions of utricle, saccule andvestibular apparatus. Posture andequilibrium. Tests of posture andequilibrium • Causes of hearing lossGenetic (congenital, late onset,progressive, syndromic / non-syndromic) Non-Genetic(Congenital/acquired) Importance ofcase history in identifying the cause ofhearing loss

a. Role of hearing (threshold concept,binaural hearing, head shadow,pinna shadow effect, MAF, MAP –Curve for threshold of hearing) •Sound Pressure, Power andLoudness. Physical andpsychophysical scales, Equalloudness contours, Frequencyweighting curves, combinedsources, Pitch and Timbre.Physical and psychophysicalscales. Fourier analysis of complexTones • dB concept: power andpressure formulae: zero dBreference for pressure and powercalculation of actual SPL,reference and dB values with anyto given values, calculation ofoverall dB when two signals aresuperimposed. • Phones and Sones:relation between phones and sones;use of phone and sonograph;computation of relative loudness oftwo given sounds using thesegraph. Frequency and intensity,their psychological correlates: dLfor frequency and intensity

b. Calibration: Biological andinstrumental for AC & BCtransducers • Procedure •interpretation • precautions to betaken while testing • Audiometricroom construction • Acoustics ofRooms. Sound propagation inoutdoors and indoors. • Direct,early and reverberant sound.Calculation of reverberation time. •Air absorption. Background noise.• Loudspeaker placement anddirectivity. • Sound images andmultiple sources. • Sound field inlistening rooms. Quadraphonicsound. • Listening with earphones.Pressure field, free field and

Page | 108

c)MANAGEMENT OF THEHEARING

10

diffused field. • Audiometric testrooms – Basic requirementsconcept and structure –transmission loss, • NRC rating –Standards for sound treated rooms– Basic requirements, concept andstructure – standards. • Classroomsof hearing impaired children –Basic requirements, concept andstructure – standards.

c. Basic concepts of AC & BC testing• Pure Tone audiometery • Needand scope • Instrumentation,Different types of transducers •Standards • Permissible ambientnoise levels for audiometric testing• Classification of audiograms •Sound field & closed field testing •Factors affecting AC & BC testing• Screening Vs Diagnostic puretone testing • Extended highfrequency testing & itsinterpretation • Masking:Definition, types of masking, typesof noises, critical band concept, •Terminology related to masking:Test ear, non-test ear, masker,maskee, crossover, cross hearingand shadow curve • Interauralattenuation; Factors affecting IA;Criteria for masking during AC&BC • Factors determiningamount of masking noise, AB gapin masked ear, masking dilemma inbilateral symmetrical conductionhearing loss. • Fusion Inferred Test(FIT) • Types and degrees ofhearing loss

d. Tuning fork tests : Tuning forktests (Rinne, Weber, Bing,Schwabach), interpretation, merits& demerits. • Speech audiometry •Orientation to speech audiometry •Need for speech audiometry •Speech recognition threshold,speech identification score, UCL,MCL, dynamic range, articulationindex • Tests developed in Indiaand abroad • Factors affectingspeech audiometry • Limitations ofspeech audiometry • Masking forspeech audiometry • PI-PBfunction

a. Definitions and goals ofrehabilitation & aural rehabilitation• Early identification and itsimportant in aural rehabilitation •Unisensory Vs Multisensory

Page | 109

IMPAIRED

d) ENT 10

approach • Manual Vs oral form ofcommunication for children withhearing impairment • Totalcommunication

b. Methods of teaching language tothe hearing impaired o Naturalmethod o Structured method oComputer aided method

c. Educational problems, of childrenwith hearing impairment in India •Educational placement of hearingimpaired children • Criteria forrecommending the variouseducational placements • Factorsaffecting their outcome •Counseling the parents andteachers regarding the education ofthe hearing handicapped • ParentInfant Training Programme (PIP)& Mother’s Training Programme,Home training –need, preparationof lessons; correspondenceprograms (John Tracey Clinic,SKI-HI), follow up

d. Introduction to hearing aidtechnology: Parts of hearing aids &its functions • Type of hearingaids: - Body level Vs ear level -Monaural Vs Binaural VsPseudobinaural - Directionalhearing aids, modular hearing aids• Classroom amplification devices;Group amplification systems– hardwired, induction loop, FM, infraredrays. • Setting up class rooms forthe hearing handicapped •Classroom acoustics preferentialseating and adequate illumination

e. Ear moulds: Importance, types(hard, soft), procedure of makingeach type of ear mould, styles ofear moulds, criteria for selection ofone style over the other, ear mouldmodifications, EAC of hearing aidalong with ear mould. • Importanceof counseling for users & parents –importance of harness, BTE loops.Tips to facilitate acceptance ofhearing aids, battery life, batterycharger. Counseling for geriatricpopulation, Trouble shooting ofhearing aids

a) Anatomy & Physiology of external,middle & inner ear, auditory pathways,vestibular pathway. Diseases of theexternal middle and inner ear leading tohearing loss: Congenital malformations,traumatic lesions, infections,

Page | 110

e)PSYCHOLOGY RELATEDTO SPEECHANDHEARING

10

management of middle ear andEustachian tube disorders. (b) Othercauses of hearing loss – Facial paralysis,Tumors of the cerebello- pontine angle,Acoustic neuroma. Infection andmanagement of inner ear diseases.Cochleovestibular diseases and itsmanagement.

a. Anatomy & Physiology of pharynx& oro-peripheral structures Causesof speech disorder, Disorders ofthe mouth, Tumors of the jaw andoral cavity, nasopharynx andpharynx, pharyngitis, Diseases oftonsils and adenoids. (b)Oesophageal conditions:Congenital abnormality – Atresia,Tracheo-oesophageal fistula,Stenosis, Short oesophagus.Neoplasm – Benign, Malignant,Lesions of the oral articulatorystructures like cleft lip, cleft palate,submucosal cleft, Velopharyngealincompetence.

b. Anatomy & Physiology of larynx –physiology of phonation /physiology of respiration. (b)Congenital diseases of the larynx –difference between an infant andan adult larynx. Stridor – causes ofinfantile stridor. Disorders ofstructure – Laryngomalacia, Bifidepiglottis, Laryngeal web, Atresia,fistula, Laryngeal cleft, Tumorsand Cysts, Laryngitis, Laryngealtrauma and Stenosis.Neuromuscular dysfunctions of thelarynx – Vocal cord palsy, Spasticdysphonia, Hypothyroidism, gastrooesophageal reflux disorders,Laryngectomy, artificial larynx,oesophageal speech, tracheooesophageal puncture.

a. Introduction to psychology-Definition, History andperspectives, Branches and scope,application of psychology in thefield of speech and hearing. •Introduction to Clinicalpsychology – Definition,Perspectives and models of mentaldisorders

b. Psychology of learning –Introduction, Definition oflearning, Theories of learning,Classical conditioning, Operantconditioning and Social learning. •

Page | 111

f) SPEECHLANGUAGEDIAGNOSTICSANDTHERAPEUTICS

10

Application of learning theories inthe field of speech and hearing(therapeutic, educational andrehabilitative applications).

c. Cognitive Psychology –Introduction, Definition andtheoretical perspectives (DavidRumelhart and David Mc Clelland,Noam Chomsky, George miller,Allan Newell). • Applications ofcognitive psychology in the fieldof speech and hearing. •Neuropsychology – Introduction,definition, principles ofneuropsychological assessment,diagnosis and rehabilitation. •Applications of neuropsychologyin the field of speech and hearing.

d. Psychodiagnositcs – Case historytaking, Mental status examination,behavioural analysis,psychological testing. •Counselling- Meaning anddefinition, types of counselling,Counselling in rehabilitationpractice.

e. Developmental psychology: •Introduction, Definition,Principles, Motor development,Emotional development •Cognitive development-Definition, Piaget’s theory • Playas a therapeutic tool • Personalitydevelopment- Introduction, Stages,Hazards

a. Speech language diagnostics Clienthistory – definition, description,utility & need. Essential factors tobe included in the client historyform – comparison of adults vs.children’s history – usefulness ofthe client history 2. Basicterminologies and concepts •Introduction to diagnostics •Terminologies in the diagnosticprocess • General principles ofdiagnosis • Diagnostic setup andtools

b. Diagnostic approaches andmethods • Approaches to diagnosis– importance of diagnosis in clienthistory, essential factors to beincluded according to theconditions/disorders. Methods oftaking case history. • Interview –principles and techniques • Self-

Page | 112

g)ARTICULATION ANDPHONOLOGICAL DISORDERS

10

reports, questionnaire,observations. • Diagnostic models– SLPM, Wepman, Bloom andLahey • Types of diagnoses –Clinical diagnosis, directdiagnosis, differential diagnosis,diagnosis by observation, diagnosisby exclusion, diagnosis bytreatment, instrumental diagnosis,provocative diagnosis, provisionaldiagnosis;advantage/disadvantages • Teamapproach to diagnosis •Characteristics of a good clinicianas diagnostician B. Speechtherapeutics

c. 1. Basic concepts of therapeutics •Terminologies in speechtherapeutics • General principles ofspeech and language therapy •Speech therapy set-up • Individualand group therapy • Integrated andinclusive education Unit 4 1.Procedures for speech-languagetherapy • Approaches to speechand language therapy – formal,informal and eclectic approaches •Types of speech and languagetherapy • Planning for speech andlanguage therapy – goals, steps,procedures, activities 2.Techniques for: Speech andlanguage therapy for variousdisorders of speech and languageImportance of reinforcementprinciples and strategies in speechand language therapy, types andschedules of rewards andpunishment

1. Clinical documentation andprofessional codes • Documentation ofdiagnostic, clinical and referral reports •Introduction to parent counselling,facilitation of parent participation andtransfer of skills, follow-up • Evaluationof therapy outcome • Ethics in diagnosisand speech language therapy • Self-assessment and characteristics of aclinician

a) Review of phonological developmentand articulatory mechanism •Fundamentals of Articulatory phonetics• Definition and types of coarticulation •Transcription methods in perceptualanalysis • Phonological processes –types, language specific issues,

Page | 113

identification and classification oferrors.b) Distinctive features – types, languagespecific issues, identification of errorsand analysis. • Acoustic aspects ofproduction and perception of speechsounds; use of spectrograms • Factorsrelated to articulation and phonologicaldisorders: •Structural •Cognitive –Linguistic •Neurological •Psychosocial•Social •Metalinguisticc) Assessment procedures: Types ofassessment, sampling procedures,scoring procedures, criteria for selectionof instruments for assessment. •Assessment of Oral peripheralmechanism • Speech sounddiscrimination, stimulability and oralstereognosis. • Analysis andinterpretation of data: • Intelligibilityand severity judgments • Normativedata • Error patterns. • Characteristics ofdisordered phonology and differentialdiagnosisd) Intervention: Stages of treatment andmeasuring improvement, long termgoals, short term goals and activities forachieving goals in cases withmisarticulation. • Issues in maintenanceand generalization. • Team approachand professional communication (inter,intra professional and client oriented) •Approaches to treatment:motokinesthetic, traditional approachesintegral stimulation, phonological,distinctive feature, minimal contrasttherapy, learning theories, programmed,paired – stimuli. • Computerizedintervention packages, metaphontherapye) Cleft Lip and Palate • Etiologicalfactors • Embryology of the Face andPalate • Types of Cleft lip and Palate,Classification systems • Syndromes •Velopharyngeal mechanism- musclesand function; inadequacy, incompetencyand insufficiency • Speech andLanguage problems of individuals withCleft • Associated problems ofindividuals with Cleft • Diagnosticprocedures and Instruments used inAssessment of speech in Cleft palate •Team Management: Composition,responsibilities and co-ordinator •Treatment concepts • Treatmentprocedures for speech • Prostheticspeech appliances for patients with Cleftpalate Glossectomy andMandibulectomy • Effect of partial andTotal Glossectomy on speech •

Page | 114

h) MOTORSPEECHDISORDERS

10

Characteristics of Glossectomy speech •Rehabilitation of speech • Prostheticfitting, design, assessment • Dysphagiaspecific to glossectomy andmandibulectomy: assessment andrehabilitation

a. Childhood Motor SpeechDisorders

b. Introduction to neuromotororganization and sensorimotorcontrol of speech - Motor areas incerebral cortex, motor control bysubcortical structures, brainstem,cerebellum and spinal cord. -Central nervous system andperipheral nervous system inspeech motor control. - Centrifugalpathways and motor control -Neuromuscular organization andcontrol - Sensorimotor integration -Introduction to motor speechdisorders in children- Dysarthriaand Developmental apraxia ofSpeech

c. Definition, causes andclassification - Neuromusculardevelopment in normals andchildren with cerebral palsy -Reflex profile - Associatedproblems - Speech and languageproblems of children with cerebralpalsy - Assessment of speech incerebral palsy- objective andsubjective methods - Differentialdiagnosis of cerebral palsy -Management: Introduction todifferent approaches toneuromuscular education (Bobath,Phelps and the others); Speechrehabiliatation in cerebral palsy-Verbal approaches: vegetativeexercises, oral sensorimotorfacilitation techniques,compensatory techniques-correction of respiratory,phonatory, resonatory andarticulatory errors; Team approachto rehabilitation; Neurosurgicaltechniques for children withcerebral palsy

d. Different types of Cerebral palsy: -Disorders of muscle tone:Spasticity, rigidity, flaccidity,atonia - Disorders of movement:Hyperkinesias and dyskinesias-Ballismus, tremor, tic disorder,myoclons, athetosis, chorea,dystonia, hypokinesias - Disorders

Page | 115

i)DYSARTHRIAAND APRAXIA

10

of coordination- Ataxia Syndromeswith motor speech disorders-Examples: - Juvenile progressivebulbar palsy - Congenitalsupranuclear palsy - Guillain-Barre syndrome - Duchennemuscular dystrophy

e. Apraxia of speech in children ordevelopmental apraxia of speech -Definition - Description: verbaland non-verbal apraxia -Differential diagnosis- dysarthriaand other developmental disorders- Management of developmentalapraxia of speech- Facilitationtechniques for oral motormovements, speech therapytechniques, generalization ofspeech

f. Definition - alternative andaugmentative communication(AAC). Application of alternativeand augmentative communicationmethods in developmentaldysarthrias and developmentalapraxia of speech- Symbolselection, techniques forcommunication, assessment forAAC candidacy, choosing anappropriate system and technique,training communication patterns,effective use of AAC

g. Adult Motor Speech Disorders

a.b. Definition and classification of

dysarthria in adults. b) Types ofdysarthria in adults. c) Neurogenicdisorders learning to dysarthria inadults. • Vascular disorders – dysarthriafollowing strokes, CVA, cranial nervepalsies and peripheral nerve palsies. •Infection condition of the nervoussystem – eg. Meningitis, polyneuritisand neuro syphilis. • Traumaticconditions – Traumatic brain injury anddysarthria • Toxic conditions –dysarthria due to exogenic andendogenic causes. • Degenerative anddemyelinating conditions – multiplesclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, motorneuron diseases, Amyotrophic lateralsclerosis. • Genetic conditions –Huntington’s chorea, Guillian – Barresyndrome. • Others leading to dysarthria– Anoxic conditions, metabolicconditions, idiopathic conditions and

Page | 116

j)DIAGNOSTICAUDIOLOGY

10

neoplasm.c. Assessment of dysarthria Instrumental

analysis • Physiological andElectrophysiological methods •Acoustics • Advantages anddisadvantages of instrumental analysisof speech in dysarthria. Perceptualanalysis – measures, standard tests andmethods, speech intelligibilityassessment scales, advantages anddisadvantages of perceptual analysis ofspeech in dysarthria. e) Differentialdiagnosis of dysarthria from functionalarticulation disorders, apraxia of speech,aphasia and allied disorders.

Management of dysarthria - Medical,surgical and prosthetic approaches -Speech therapy • Vegetative exercises •Oral sensori motor facilitationtechniques • Compensatory approaches– correction of respiratory, phonatory,articulatory and prosodic errors. •Strategies to improve intelligibility ofspeech.

Apraxia of speech in adults • Definitionof verbal and nonverbal apraxia ofspeech • Different types, characteristicsand classification • Assessment ofapraxia of speech – standard tests andscales, subjective methods and protocols• Management of apraxia of speech –different approaches • Improvingintelligibility of speech.

Dysphagia: • Definition • Phases ofnormal swallow • Etiology ofswallowing disorders • Assessment andIntervention

Introduction to Diagnostic Audiology: -Need for test battery approach inauditory diagnosis & integration ofresults of audiological tests. -Indications for administeringaudiological tests to identify Cochlearpathology, Retro-cochlear pathology,functional hearing loss, Centralprocessing disorders. 2. Tests todifferentiate between cochlear & retro-cochlear pathology - ABLB, MLB -

Page | 117

SISI - Test for adaptation - BekesyAudiometry - Brief tone audiometry -PIPB function

Immittance Audiometry - Introduction -Principle of Immittance audiometry -Instrumentation - Tympanometry –Tympanometric peak pressure, staticimmittance, gradient/tympanometricwidth. - Reflexometry – Ipsilateral &contralateral acoustic reflexes, specialtests - Clinical application ofImmittance evaluation - Immittanceevaluation in the pediatric populationUnit 3 4. Auditory Brainstem Response- Introduction & classification of AEPs,Instrumentation, Test procedure, factorsaffecting Auditory BrainstemResponses, Interpretation of results &clinical application, Auditory BrainstemResponse in pediatric response. -ECOG, early response - Middle & Longlatency auditory evoked potentials – testprocedure, factors affecting MLR &LLR, Interpretation of results & clinicalapplication, Findings in the pediatricpopulation

Otoacoustic Emissions Introduction,classification of OAEs, Instrumentation,measurement of OAE procedure,interpretation of results & clinicalapplications, findings in the pediatricpopulation. 6. Tests to detectPseudohypoacusis - Pure tone testsincluding tone in noise test, Stenger test- Speech tests including Lombard test,Stenger test, Lip-reading test, Doefler-Stewart test. - Identification offunctional hearing loss

Central Auditory Disorders (a)Definition, terminologies used,incidence & causes, indications foradministration of CAD test, rationale forCAD tests. (b) Tests to detect CentralAuditory Disorders - Monoaural lowredundancy tests - Filtered speech tests -Time compressed speech tests - Speech-

Page | 118

in-noise test - SSI with ICM - Othermonoaural low redundancy tests (c)Dichotic speech tests - Dichotic digittest - Staggered spondaic word test -Dichotic CV test - SSI with CCM -Competing sentence test - Otherdichotic speech tests (d) Binauralinteraction tests - RASP - BinauralFusion Test (BST) - MLD - Otherbinaural interaction tests (e) Temporalordering tasks - Pitch pattern test -Duration pattern tests - Other temporalordering tests (f) Variables influencingCentral Auditory Assessment -Procedural variables - Subject variables(g) Test findings in subjects with centralauditory disorders - Brainstem lesion -Cortical & hemispheric lesion -Interhemispheric dysfunction - CAPD inchildren - CAPD in elderly (h) Otherspecial test – Minimal auditorycapability test, SPIN, HINT, CST.

Operational characteristics, types andspecifications. -No design aspects.Concepts and block diagrams only 1. 2.Basics of digital signal processing –Analog signal, digital signal, A to D andD to A conversion, Basic concept ofDigital Signal Processing and itsimplementation, How does a DSP basedsystem works? Application- DSP basedhearing aids.

Microphones as transducers. Velocitymicrophones. uni-directionalmicrophones Microphone impedanceand sensitivity. Loudspeakers astransducers. Structure of a dynamicloudspeaker. Air suspension. Bafflesand enclosures. Horn speakers. Multi-speaker systems. LoudspeakerEfficiency, Loudspeaker power anddistortion. Recording and Reproductionof sound. Recording characteristics.Dynamic Range, Stereophonicrecording. Magnetic tape recording andplayback. Tape speed and frequencyresponse, Bias and equalization, Tapenoise, Digital Tape recording, CD ROMrecording 2. Measuring Instruments -Multi-meter. Cathode ray oscilloscope.

Page | 119

Sine wave generator. FunctionGenerator, Frequency counter,Measuring microphones, Sound LevelMeter, Integrated Sound Level Meter,Artificial ear, Artificial Mastoid,Couplers, Hearing aid test box,Measurement of different types ofsound

Historical development of hearing aidsNon-electrical hearing aids Electrichearing aids a) Basic elements ofhearing aids: Microphone, Amplifier,Receiver, Cords, Batteries c) Directionalhearing aids, modular hearing aidsRouting of signals, head shadow / baffle/ diffraction effects Output limiting:Peak clipping, compression Extendedlow frequency amplification, frequencytransposition (Bone anchored hearingaid, Master Hearing aids) d) Signalprocessing in hearing aids - BILL,TILL, PILL - Programmable and digitalhearing aids - Signal enhancingtechnology Basics of electricity &electronics - Direct and alternatingcurrent, DC Power supplies, voltagestabilizers, Passive circuit elements,transistors. Linear and digital Integratedcircuits, microprocessors. Microcomputers and Computers. Filters,Linear and non-linear Amplifiers andOscillators, Amplifier power anddistortion

Electroacoustic Characteristics &measurements for hearing aids

40 Audiologist

Essential Qualification:BASLP (Bachelors inAudiology and SpeechLanguage Pathology)from RCI recognizedInstitute/University orequivalent.

a)INTRODUCTION TO HUMANCOMMUNICATION

10 a. History and development of theprofession of Speech-LanguagePathology (SLP) specifically inIndia

b. Various settings of service deliveryc. Other professions concerned with

communication disordersd. Human communication:i. Definition and component

ii. Interdependency & interrelationbetween communication, hearing,speech, and language.

iii. Function of communication,speech and language

iv. Modes of communication (Verbal& Non-verbal)

v. Characteristics of good speechvi. Interactive bases of human

Page | 120

communicatione. Nervous system:i. Divisions and functions of the

nervous system, nerve cell,receptors and synapse, types ofnerve fibers. Peripheral nervoussystem. Brief description of spinalcord and CSF.

ii. Structure of the brain anddivisions: general and lobes ofcerebrum. Reticular formation,Basal ganglia and cerebellum.Reflex action and commonreflexes. Cranial nerves,distribution and supply with thespecial reference to II , V, VII , IX,X , XII., Nerve tracts (motor andsensory), Brodmann’s area,anatomy of the nervous systemrelated to speech and language.

f. Mechanism of speech andlanguage productioni. Anatomy and physiology of

respiratory system:ii. Detailed study of trachea,

larynx, oropharynx andnasopharynx. • Respiration forlife and speech

iii. Physiology: External andinternal respiration. Mechanismof respiration-internal andexternal influence, nervouscontrol, Lung volumes (vitalcapacity-tidal volume. residualair, artificial respiration.(inbrief)

g. Basic Acoustics of speechi. Vibrating system – simple

harmonic motion – simplevibrating system – system with twoor more masses – system withmany modes of vibrations –vibration spectra. Waves – What isa wave? Progressive waves –sound waves – wave propagation –Doppler effect – reflection,diffraction, interference,absorption. Resonance of a massspring vibrator- standing waves –partials, harmonics and overtones –Acoustics impedance – Helmholtzresonator – sympathetic vibrations.2. Mechanism of speech andlanguage production

ii. Anatomy and physiology oflaryngeal system • Development ofvoice • Bases of pitch and loudnesschange mechanism

h. Mechanism of speech and languageproduction

Page | 121

b)

i. Anatomy and Physiology ofArticulatory syste

ii. Development of Articulationiii. Anatomy and Physiology of

Resonatory systemi. Development of speech and

Language: Development oflanguage

j. Semantics: A brief introduction todifferent types of meaninghomonyms, synonyms andantonyms.

k. Morphology: Morpheme – boundand free, process of wordformation, content and functionwords.

l. Syntax:, grammatical and syntacticcategories, sentence types,Syntactic analysis.

m. Pragmatics: Introduction to verbaland non-verbal communication andother indicators, intent ofcommunication.

n. Theories and models of languageAcquisition – Behavioral,Nativistic, Cognitive, Linguistic,Pragmatic, Biological andInformation processing model.Developmental issues incommunicative development –genetic, neurological, medical,behavioural, social andpsychological.

o. Bilingualism / multilingualism inchildren; Bilingual Languagelearning contexts at home andschool situations, compound /coordinate context and others.

p. Unit 3 Definition, Etiology,Characteristics, Classification andImpact of Hearing Impairment,Mental Retardation, Cerebral Palsy

q. Definition, Etiology,Characteristics and classificationof Autism SpectrumDisorders/PervasiveDevelopmental

r. Definition, Etiology,Characteristics, Classification andImpact of Specific LanguageImpairment • Learning Disability •Acquired aphasias in childhood •Traumatic Brain Injury • Multipledisabilities Introduction toassessment procedures, differentialdiagnosis and management.

Origin of Audiology, Its growth &

Page | 122

INTRODUCTION TO HEARING& HEARINGSCIENCES

10 development (since World War II) • Itsgrowth in India • Scope of Audiology,Branches of Audiology •Audiovestibular system: Anatomy ofthe external, middle and internal ears.Ascending and descending auditory andvestibular pathways. • Physiology ofthe external, middle & inner ear, centralhearing mechanisms, cochlearmicrophonics, action potentials,theories of hearing (AC & BC) ,Theory of bone conduction • Vestibularsystem: Functions of utricle, sacculeand vestibular apparatus. Posture andequilibrium. Tests of posture andequilibrium • Causes of hearing lossGenetic (congenital, late onset,progressive, syndromic / non-syndromic) Non-Genetic(Congenital/acquired) Importance ofcase history in identifying the cause ofhearing lossf. Role of hearing (threshold concept,

binaural hearing, head shadow,pinna shadow effect, MAF, MAP –Curve for threshold of hearing) •Sound Pressure, Power andLoudness. Physical andpsychophysical scales, Equalloudness contours, Frequencyweighting curves, combinedsources, Pitch and Timbre.Physical and psychophysicalscales. Fourier analysis of complexTones • dB concept: power andpressure formulae: zero dBreference for pressure and powercalculation of actual SPL,reference and dB values with anyto given values, calculation ofoverall dB when two signals aresuperimposed. • Phones and Sones:relation between phones and sones;use of phone and sonograph;computation of relative loudness oftwo given sounds using thesegraph. Frequency and intensity,their psychological correlates: dLfor frequency and intensity

g. Calibration: Biological andinstrumental for AC & BCtransducers • Procedure •interpretation • precautions to betaken while testing • Audiometricroom construction • Acoustics ofRooms. Sound propagation inoutdoors and indoors. • Direct,early and reverberant sound.Calculation of reverberation time. •Air absorption. Background noise.

Page | 123

• Loudspeaker placement anddirectivity. • Sound images andmultiple sources. • Sound field inlistening rooms. Quadraphonicsound. • Listening with earphones.Pressure field, free field anddiffused field. • Audiometric testrooms – Basic requirementsconcept and structure –transmission loss, • NRC rating –Standards for sound treated rooms– Basic requirements, concept andstructure – standards. • Classroomsof hearing impaired children –Basic requirements, concept andstructure – standards.

h. Basic concepts of AC & BC testing• Pure Tone audiometery • Needand scope • Instrumentation,Different types of transducers •Standards • Permissible ambientnoise levels for audiometric testing• Classification of audiograms •Sound field & closed field testing •Factors affecting AC & BC testing• Screening Vs Diagnostic puretone testing • Extended highfrequency testing & itsinterpretation • Masking:Definition, types of masking, typesof noises, critical band concept, •Terminology related to masking:Test ear, non-test ear, masker,maskee, crossover, cross hearingand shadow curve • Interauralattenuation; Factors affecting IA;Criteria for masking during AC&BC • Factors determiningamount of masking noise, AB gapin masked ear, masking dilemma inbilateral symmetrical conductionhearing loss. • Fusion Inferred Test(FIT) • Types and degrees ofhearing loss

i. Tuning fork tests : Tuning forktests (Rinne, Weber, Bing,Schwabach), interpretation, merits& demerits. • Speech audiometry •Orientation to speech audiometry •Need for speech audiometry •Speech recognition threshold,speech identification score, UCL,MCL, dynamic range, articulationindex • Tests developed in Indiaand abroad • Factors affectingspeech audiometry • Limitations ofspeech audiometry • Masking forspeech audiometry • PI-PBfunction

Page | 124

c)MANAGEMENT OF THEHEARINGIMPAIRED

10

j. Definitions and goals ofrehabilitation & aural rehabilitation• Early identification and itsimportant in aural rehabilitation •Unisensory Vs Multisensoryapproach • Manual Vs oral form ofcommunication for children withhearing impairment • Totalcommunication

k. Methods of teaching language tothe hearing impaired o Naturalmethod o Structured method oComputer aided method

l. Educational problems, of childrenwith hearing impairment in India •Educational placement of hearingimpaired children • Criteria forrecommending the variouseducational placements • Factorsaffecting their outcome •Counseling the parents andteachers regarding the education ofthe hearing handicapped • ParentInfant Training Programme (PIP)& Mother’s Training Programme,Home training –need, preparationof lessons; correspondenceprograms (John Tracey Clinic,SKI-HI), follow up

m. Introduction to hearing aidtechnology: Parts of hearing aids &its functions • Type of hearingaids: - Body level Vs ear level -Monaural Vs Binaural VsPseudobinaural - Directionalhearing aids, modular hearing aids• Classroom amplification devices;Group amplification systems– hardwired, induction loop, FM, infraredrays. • Setting up class rooms forthe hearing handicapped •Classroom acoustics preferentialseating and adequate illumination

n. Ear moulds: Importance, types(hard, soft), procedure of makingeach type of ear mould, styles ofear moulds, criteria for selection ofone style over the other, ear mouldmodifications, EAC of hearing aidalong with ear mould. • Importanceof counseling for users & parents –importance of harness, BTE loops.Tips to facilitate acceptance ofhearing aids, battery life, batterycharger. Counseling for geriatricpopulation, Trouble shooting ofhearing aids

Page | 125

d) ENT

e)PSYCHOLOGYRELATED TOSPEECH ANDHEARING

10

10

o. Anatomy & Physiology ofexternal, middle & inner ear,auditory pathways, vestibularpathway. Diseases of the externalmiddle and inner ear leading tohearing loss: Congenitalmalformations, traumatic lesions,infections, management of middleear and Eustachian tube disorders.(b) Other causes of hearing loss –Facial paralysis, Tumors of thecerebello- pontine angle, Acousticneuroma. Infection andmanagement of inner ear diseases.Cochleovestibular diseases and itsmanagement.

p. Anatomy & Physiology of pharynx& oro-peripheral structures Causesof speech disorder, Disorders ofthe mouth, Tumors of the jaw andoral cavity, nasopharynx andpharynx, pharyngitis, Diseases oftonsils and adenoids. (b)Oesophageal conditions:Congenital abnormality – Atresia,Tracheo-oesophageal fistula,Stenosis, Short oesophagus.Neoplasm – Benign, Malignant,Lesions of the oral articulatorystructures like cleft lip, cleft palate,submucosal cleft, Velopharyngealincompetence.

q. Anatomy & Physiology of larynx –physiology of phonation /physiology of respiration. (b)Congenital diseases of the larynx –difference between an infant andan adult larynx. Stridor – causes ofinfantile stridor. Disorders ofstructure – Laryngomalacia, Bifidepiglottis, Laryngeal web, Atresia,fistula, Laryngeal cleft, Tumorsand Cysts, Laryngitis, Laryngealtrauma and Stenosis.Neuromuscular dysfunctions of thelarynx – Vocal cord palsy, Spasticdysphonia, Hypothyroidism, gastrooesophageal reflux disorders,Laryngectomy, artificial larynx,oesophageal speech, tracheooesophageal puncture.

Introduction to psychology- Definition,History and perspectives, Branches andscope, application of psychology in thefield of speech and hearing. •

Page | 126

f)SPEECHLANGUAGEDIAGNOSTICSANDTHERAPEUTIC

10

Introduction to Clinical psychology –Definition, Perspectives and models ofmental disorders

r. Psychology of learning –Introduction, Definition oflearning, Theories of learning,Classical conditioning, Operantconditioning and Social learning. •Application of learning theories inthe field of speech and hearing(therapeutic, educational andrehabilitative applications).

s. Cognitive Psychology –Introduction, Definition andtheoretical perspectives (DavidRumelhart and David Mc Clelland,Noam Chomsky, George miller,Allan Newell). • Applications ofcognitive psychology in the fieldof speech and hearing. •Neuropsychology – Introduction,definition, principles ofneuropsychological assessment,diagnosis and rehabilitation. •Applications of neuropsychologyin the field of speech and hearing.

t. Psychodiagnositcs – Case historytaking, Mental status examination,behavioural analysis,psychological testing. •Counselling- Meaning anddefinition, types of counselling,Counselling in rehabilitationpractice.

u. Developmental psychology: •Introduction, Definition,Principles, Motor development,Emotional development •Cognitive development-Definition, Piaget’s theory • Playas a therapeutic tool • Personalitydevelopment- Introduction, Stages,Hazards

Speech language diagnostics Clienthistory – definition, description, utility& need. Essential factors to be includedin the client history form – comparisonof adults vs. children’s history –usefulness of the client history 2. Basic

Page | 127

S terminologies and concepts •Introduction to diagnostics •Terminologies in the diagnostic process• General principles of diagnosis •Diagnostic setup and toolsv. Diagnostic approaches and

methods • Approaches to diagnosis– importance of diagnosis in clienthistory, essential factors to beincluded according to theconditions/disorders. Methods oftaking case history. • Interview –principles and techniques • Self-reports, questionnaire,observations. • Diagnostic models– SLPM, Wepman, Bloom andLahey • Types of diagnoses –Clinical diagnosis, directdiagnosis, differential diagnosis,diagnosis by observation, diagnosisby exclusion, diagnosis bytreatment, instrumental diagnosis,provocative diagnosis, provisionaldiagnosis;advantage/disadvantages • Teamapproach to diagnosis •Characteristics of a good clinicianas diagnostician B. Speechtherapeutics

w. 1. Basic concepts of therapeutics •Terminologies in speechtherapeutics • General principles ofspeech and language therapy •Speech therapy set-up • Individualand group therapy • Integrated andinclusive education Unit 4 1.Procedures for speech-languagetherapy • Approaches to speechand language therapy – formal,informal and eclectic approaches •Types of speech and languagetherapy • Planning for speech andlanguage therapy – goals, steps,procedures, activities 2.Techniques for: Speech andlanguage therapy for variousdisorders of speech and languageImportance of reinforcementprinciples and strategies in speechand language therapy, types andschedules of rewards andpunishment

1. Clinical documentation andprofessional codes • Documentation ofdiagnostic, clinical and referral reports •Introduction to parent counselling,facilitation of parent participation andtransfer of skills, follow-up • Evaluationof therapy outcome • Ethics in diagnosisand speech language therapy • Self-

Page | 128

g)ARTICULATION ANDPHONOLOGICAL DISORDERS

10

assessment and characteristics of aclinician

Review of phonological developmentand articulatory mechanism •Fundamentals of Articulatory phonetics• Definition and types of coarticulation •Transcription methods in perceptualanalysis • Phonological processes –types, language specific issues,identification and classification oferrors.a. Distinctive features – types,

language specific issues,identification of errors and analysis.• Acoustic aspects of production andperception of speech sounds; use ofspectrograms • Factors related toarticulation and phonologicaldisorders: •Structural •Cognitive –Linguistic •Neurological•Psychosocial •Social•Metalinguistic

b. Assessment procedures: Types ofassessment, sampling procedures,scoring procedures, criteria forselection of instruments forassessment. • Assessment of Oralperipheral mechanism • Speechsound discrimination, stimulabilityand oral stereognosis. • Analysis andinterpretation of data: • Intelligibilityand severity judgments • Normativedata • Error patterns. •Characteristics of disorderedphonology and differential diagnosis

c. Intervention: Stages of treatmentand measuring improvement, longterm goals, short term goals andactivities for achieving goals incases with misarticulation. • Issuesin maintenance and generalization. •Team approach and professionalcommunication (inter, intraprofessional and client oriented) •Approaches to treatment:motokinesthetic, traditionalapproaches integral stimulation,phonological, distinctive feature,minimal contrast therapy, learningtheories, programmed, paired –stimuli. • Computerized interventionpackages, metaphon therapy

d. Cleft Lip and Palate • Etiologicalfactors • Embryology of the Faceand Palate • Types of Cleft lip and

Page | 129

h)MOTORSPEECHDISORDERS

10

Palate, Classification systems •Syndromes • Velopharyngealmechanism- muscles and function;inadequacy, incompetency andinsufficiency • Speech andLanguage problems of individualswith Cleft • Associated problems ofindividuals with Cleft • Diagnosticprocedures and Instruments used inAssessment of speech in Cleft palate• Team Management: Composition,responsibilities and co-ordinator •Treatment concepts • Treatmentprocedures for speech • Prostheticspeech appliances for patients withCleft palate Glossectomy andMandibulectomy • Effect of partialand Total Glossectomy on speech •Characteristics of Glossectomyspeech • Rehabilitation of speech •Prosthetic fitting, design, assessment• Dysphagia specific to glossectomyand mandibulectomy: assessmentand rehabilitation

i) Childhood Motor Speech Disordersh. Introduction to neuromotor

organization and sensorimotorcontrol of speech - Motor areas incerebral cortex, motor control bysubcortical structures, brainstem,cerebellum and spinal cord. -Central nervous system andperipheral nervous system in speechmotor control. - Centrifugalpathways and motor control -Neuromuscular organization andcontrol - Sensorimotor integration -Introduction to motor speechdisorders in children- Dysarthria andDevelopmental apraxia of Speech

i. Definition, causes and classification- Neuromuscular development innormals and children with cerebralpalsy - Reflex profile - Associatedproblems - Speech and languageproblems of children with cerebralpalsy - Assessment of speech incerebral palsy- objective andsubjective methods - Differentialdiagnosis of cerebral palsy -Management: Introduction todifferent approaches toneuromuscular education (Bobath,Phelps and the others); Speechrehabiliatation in cerebral palsy-Verbal approaches: vegetative

Page | 130

i)DYSARTHRIAANDAPRAXIA

10

exercises, oral sensorimotorfacilitation techniques,compensatory techniques- correctionof respiratory, phonatory, resonatoryand articulatory errors; Teamapproach to rehabilitation;Neurosurgical techniques forchildren with cerebral palsy

j. Different types of Cerebral palsy: -Disorders of muscle tone: Spasticity,rigidity, flaccidity, atonia -Disorders of movement:Hyperkinesias and dyskinesias-Ballismus, tremor, tic disorder,myoclons, athetosis, chorea,dystonia, hypokinesias - Disordersof coordination- Ataxia Syndromeswith motor speech disorders-Examples: - Juvenile progressivebulbar palsy - Congenitalsupranuclear palsy - Guillain- Barresyndrome - Duchenne musculardystrophy

k. Apraxia of speech in children ordevelopmental apraxia of speech -Definition - Description: verbal andnon-verbal apraxia - Differentialdiagnosis- dysarthria and otherdevelopmental disorders -Management of developmentalapraxia of speech- Facilitationtechniques for oral motormovements, speech therapytechniques, generalization of speech

l. Definition - alternative andaugmentative communication(AAC). Application of alternativeand augmentative communicationmethods in developmentaldysarthrias and developmentalapraxia of speech- Symbol selection,techniques for communication,assessment for AAC candidacy,choosing an appropriate system andtechnique, training communicationpatterns, effective use of AAC

m. Adult Motor Speech Disorders

d.e.f.g.h.i.j. Definition and classification of

dysarthria in adults. b) Types ofdysarthria in adults. c) Neurogenicdisorders learning to dysarthria inadults. • Vascular disorders – dysarthria

Page | 131

following strokes, CVA, cranial nervepalsies and peripheral nerve palsies. •Infection condition of the nervoussystem – eg. Meningitis, polyneuritisand neuro syphilis. • Traumaticconditions – Traumatic brain injury anddysarthria • Toxic conditions –dysarthria due to exogenic andendogenic causes. • Degenerative anddemyelinating conditions – multiplesclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, motorneuron diseases, Amyotrophic lateralsclerosis. • Genetic conditions –Huntington’s chorea, Guillian – Barresyndrome. • Others leading to dysarthria– Anoxic conditions, metabolicconditions, idiopathic conditions andneoplasm.

k. Assessment of dysarthria Instrumentalanalysis • Physiological andElectrophysiological methods •Acoustics • Advantages anddisadvantages of instrumental analysisof speech in dysarthria. Perceptualanalysis – measures, standard tests andmethods, speech intelligibilityassessment scales, advantages anddisadvantages of perceptual analysis ofspeech in dysarthria. e) Differentialdiagnosis of dysarthria from functionalarticulation disorders, apraxia of speech,aphasia and allied disorders.

Management of dysarthria - Medical,surgical and prosthetic approaches -Speech therapy • Vegetative exercises •Oral sensori motor facilitationtechniques • Compensatory approaches– correction of respiratory, phonatory,articulatory and prosodic errors. •Strategies to improve intelligibility ofspeech.

Apraxia of speech in adults • Definitionof verbal and nonverbal apraxia ofspeech • Different types, characteristicsand classification • Assessment ofapraxia of speech – standard tests andscales, subjective methods and protocols• Management of apraxia of speech –different approaches • Improvingintelligibility of speech.

Dysphagia: • Definition • Phases ofnormal swallow • Etiology of

Page | 132

j) DIAGNOSTICAUDIOLOGY 10

swallowing disorders • Assessment andIntervention

Introduction to Diagnostic Audiology: -Need for test battery approach inauditory diagnosis & integration ofresults of audiological tests. -Indications for administeringaudiological tests to identify Cochlearpathology, Retro-cochlear pathology,functional hearing loss, Centralprocessing disorders. 2. Tests todifferentiate between cochlear & retro-cochlear pathology - ABLB, MLB -SISI - Test for adaptation - BekesyAudiometry - Brief tone audiometry -PIPB function

Immittance Audiometry - Introduction -Principle of Immittance audiometry -Instrumentation - Tympanometry –Tympanometric peak pressure, staticimmittance, gradient/tympanometricwidth. - Reflexometry – Ipsilateral &contralateral acoustic reflexes, specialtests - Clinical application ofImmittance evaluation - Immittanceevaluation in the pediatric populationUnit 3 4. Auditory Brainstem Response- Introduction & classification of AEPs,Instrumentation, Test procedure, factorsaffecting Auditory BrainstemResponses, Interpretation of results &clinical application, Auditory BrainstemResponse in pediatric response. -ECOG, early response - Middle & Longlatency auditory evoked potentials – testprocedure, factors affecting MLR &LLR, Interpretation of results & clinicalapplication, Findings in the pediatricpopulation

Otoacoustic Emissions Introduction,classification of OAEs, Instrumentation,measurement of OAE procedure,interpretation of results & clinicalapplications, findings in the pediatricpopulation. 6. Tests to detectPseudohypoacusis - Pure tone testsincluding tone in noise test, Stenger test

Page | 133

- Speech tests including Lombard test,Stenger test, Lip-reading test, Doefler-Stewart test. - Identification offunctional hearing loss

Central Auditory Disorders (a)Definition, terminologies used,incidence & causes, indications foradministration of CAD test, rationale forCAD tests. (b) Tests to detect CentralAuditory Disorders - Monoaural lowredundancy tests - Filtered speech tests -Time compressed speech tests - Speech-in-noise test - SSI with ICM - Othermonoaural low redundancy tests (c)Dichotic speech tests - Dichotic digittest - Staggered spondaic word test -Dichotic CV test - SSI with CCM -Competing sentence test - Otherdichotic speech tests (d) Binauralinteraction tests - RASP - BinauralFusion Test (BST) - MLD - Otherbinaural interaction tests (e) Temporalordering tasks - Pitch pattern test -Duration pattern tests - Other temporalordering tests (f) Variables influencingCentral Auditory Assessment -Procedural variables - Subject variables(g) Test findings in subjects with centralauditory disorders - Brainstem lesion -Cortical & hemispheric lesion -Interhemispheric dysfunction - CAPD inchildren - CAPD in elderly (h) Otherspecial test – Minimal auditorycapability test, SPIN, HINT, CST.

Operational characteristics, types andspecifications. -No design aspects.Concepts and block diagrams only 1. 2.Basics of digital signal processing –Analog signal, digital signal, A to D andD to A conversion, Basic concept ofDigital Signal Processing and itsimplementation, How does a DSP basedsystem works? Application- DSP basedhearing aids.

Microphones as transducers. Velocitymicrophones. uni-directionalmicrophones Microphone impedanceand sensitivity. Loudspeakers astransducers. Structure of a dynamicloudspeaker. Air suspension. Baffles

Page | 134

and enclosures. Horn speakers. Multi-speaker systems. LoudspeakerEfficiency, Loudspeaker power anddistortion. Recording and Reproductionof sound. Recording characteristics.Dynamic Range, Stereophonicrecording. Magnetic tape recording andplayback. Tape speed and frequencyresponse, Bias and equalization, Tapenoise, Digital Tape recording, CD ROMrecording 2. Measuring Instruments -Multi-meter. Cathode ray oscilloscope.Sine wave generator. FunctionGenerator, Frequency counter,Measuring microphones, Sound LevelMeter, Integrated Sound Level Meter,Artificial ear, Artificial Mastoid,Couplers, Hearing aid test box,Measurement of different types ofsound

Historical development of hearing aidsNon-electrical hearing aids Electrichearing aids a) Basic elements ofhearing aids: Microphone, Amplifier,Receiver, Cords, Batteries c) Directionalhearing aids, modular hearing aidsRouting of signals, head shadow / baffle/ diffraction effects Output limiting:Peak clipping, compression Extendedlow frequency amplification, frequencytransposition (Bone anchored hearingaid, Master Hearing aids) d) Signalprocessing in hearing aids - BILL,TILL, PILL - Programmable and digitalhearing aids - Signal enhancingtechnology Basics of electricity &electronics - Direct and alternatingcurrent, DC Power supplies, voltagestabilizers, Passive circuit elements,transistors. Linear and digital Integratedcircuits, microprocessors. Microcomputers and Computers. Filters,Linear and non-linear Amplifiers andOscillators, Amplifier power anddistortion

Electroacoustic Characteristics &measurements for hearing aids

Page | 135

41 ECGTechnicalAssistant

Essential Qualification &Experience: 10+2 inScience withCertificate/DiplomaCourse inEchocardiography fromrecognized Institute and 2years experience in thefield.

a) Anatomy orHeart

b) Physiologyand Pathology

c)Pharmacology

d) Clinicalcardiology

e)Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

f) Electrocardiography

10

10

10

10

10

10

Structure of Myocytes- Coronary Arteries veins- Nerves, Pericardium- Relation or heart to thoracic structures/Mediastinum.

- Depolarization/ Depolarization- Conic charges- Influx and Efflux ofNaT' KT.– Calcium in SarcoplasmicReticulum.– Properties – Automaticty,Refractory period etc.– Normal ECG pattern and

Recording.– Physiological charges in ECG

Introduction of Rheumatic Heartdisease, coronary Arterydisease, Pericardial disease,Rest Heart disease,Arrhythmias with Pathogenesisand complications.

Cardiac Drugs– Effect of drugs on ECG charges.

– Toxicity of Drugs and ECG charges

- Recording of E.C.G.– Recording of various leads/modifications under different clinicalconditions.– Recording at different speed/Amplitude.– Recording on single channel machinemulti channel machine with analyses.

– Basic interpretation of MyocardialInfarction, Arrhythmia/Hypertrophy/ Effect of Drugs.

–Reporting of ECG and ECGchanges which need immediateattention/ intervention

Fundamentals and proceddures

Electro physiology, Einthevernis law (a)Introduction to ECG Reading normaland Abnormal ECG.

Page | 136

g)Defibrillation

h) Stress ECGprinciples

i) HolterrecordingIntroduction tocardiaccatheterization

j)Fundamentalsof computers

10

10

10

10

Electricity – principles of AC/DC,Types of Batteries, Power Supplysystem, Ohm's Law CRT, Tube MultimeterElectro med, equipment standards andsafety (a) ECG maintenance ofminimum repairsApplied aspects of ultra sound/ Dopplerprinciples and practice.

Indication and indications andPrecautions

methods of recording and observations

principles, methods of recording andobservations

Concepts of computer hardware,input/output devices, Central processingunit, main memory, secondary memoryetc., Definition of instructions,programmes, software

42 HealthEducator(SocialPsychologist)

Essential Qualification &Experience:(i) M.A. / M.Sc. Degree

in Psychology from arecognized Institute /University.(ii) Five years workingexperience with thePhysically Challenged ina Rehabilitation Centre.

Desirable: M.Phil. inClinical Psychology.

a)BasicPsychology

10 1.Basic Psychology

Psychophysics and Perception Signaldetection theory, subliminal perceptionand related factors, informationprocessing approach to perception,culture and perception, perceptualstyles. Ecological perspective onperception.

Perceptual Processes Approaches tothe Study of Perception: Gestalt and

physiological approaches. PerceptualOrganization : Gestalt, Figure and

Ground, Laws of Organization. Perceptual Constancy : Size, Shape andBrightness, Illusion; Perception of

Depth and Movements. Role of

Page | 137

b)SocialPsyhology

c)ResearchMethodology-1

10

10

motivation and learning inperception

Attention:Motivation Basic MotivationalConcepts : Instincts, needs, drives,

incentives, motivational cycle. Approaches to the Study ofMotivation : Psychoanalytical,ethological, S – RCognitive,humanistic. BiologicalMotives: Hunger, thirst, sleepandsex. Social Motives :Achievement, affiliation,approvalExploratory behaviour andcuriosity

Motivation and Emotion Physiological

correlates ofemotions. Theories ofemotions: James – Lange, Canon –Bard, Schachter andSinger. Conflicts:Sources andtypes

Current trends in Social Psychology.Historical Background: Growth ofsocial psychology, Methods of socialpsychology. Theoretical perspective:Cognitive dissonance, Socialcomparison, Attribution, FieldPsychoanalytic, Symbolic interactions,Socio-biology.Social cognition. Person perception,impression management. Role ofStereotypes in person Perception typesof influence process.Social Influence Processes: LeadershipAttitude: Nature and Characteristics,Development and change. Theories ofattitudechange.Pro social behaviour, aggression andviolence. Nature, Characteristics,Determinants, Theories.

Research Methodology Types of

psychological research. Methods ofPsychological Research:Experimental, Quasi – experimental,case studies, field studies and cross –cultural studies. Variables: Nature

Page | 138

d)ResearchMethodology-2

e)Psychopathology

10

10

and types. Techniques ofexperimental manipulation control inexperiment.

Sources of bias. Ethical issues inpsychological research, ResearchProcess: Consideration of researchproblem and hypothesis,Operationalization. Sampling:probability and nonprobabilitysampling.

Research designs: Cross Sectional andLongitudinal Correlation, factorial,randomized block, matched group,quasi – experimental, Graceo LatinSquare time series designCentral tendencies, Dispersion,Normal Probability Curve,itsproperties and utility in inferentialstatistics, Null hypothesis, Type I andType II errors, Levels of significance.Method of collecting data – I:

Observation, Questionnaire, andInterview. Test &Scales

Experimental Design: Single Factor,Randomized block, 2X2 factorialdesign, repeated measures (ononefactor),ANOVA:one–wayandtwo–way:RandomizedandRepeatedMeasure Design.ANCOVA, Post ANOVAtests.Measures of relationships: bi-serial,

point bi-serial, tetracoricand phi,Multiple and partial Correlations.Regression: simple and multiple,

Factor Analysis: Assumptions,Methods Rotation and interpretationUse of computer in psychologicalresearches, Research report writing

Concept of Psychopathology,Classification systemsinpsychopathology: W.H.O. (ICD-10)and multiracial systems (DSM-IVTR): Evaluation of classification

Page | 139

f)BasicPsychologicalProcesses

10

system.Theoretical background, approachesto psychopathology(1)Psychodynamic. (2) Behavioural.(3) Cognitive. (4) Phenomenological.(5) Biological. (6) Socio cultural;Diagnosis – purposes of diagnosis,reducing undesirable Variability:diagnosticsystem.Anxiety disorder : Panic, Phobic,

OCD, Post – Traumatic, GAD,somatoform disorders, Impulsecontrol disorder, eating disorder,Sleep disorder, dissociative: Types,symptoms and management.Psychotic disorders: Schizophrenia,Mood disorder. Personality disorder(cluster categories and problems),types & symptoms: Types, Symptomsand management.

Substance related disorders. MentalRetardation and developmentaldisorders

Learning Process: Classicalconditioning: Procedure, Phenomenaand related issues. Instrumentallearning: Phenomena, Paradigms andtheoretical issues. Process, EscapeConditioning, AvoidanceConditioning, Generalization.Reinforcement: Basic variables andschedules.

Experimental analysis ofbehaviour:Behaviour modification,shaping Discrimination learning. ,Neurophysiology of learning.

Verbal learning: Methods andmaterials, organizationalprocesses

Learning theories: Hull,Tolman,Skinner. Cognitiveapproaches in learning: Latentlearning, observationallearning

Memory and forgetting MemoryProcesses: Encoding,

Storage,Retrieval. Stages ofMemory: Sensory memory, Short-term Memory (STM) and Long – term

Page | 140

g)CulturalPsychology

h)Psychologyand HealthBehaviour

10

10

Memory ( LTM). Episodic and

Semanticmemory. Theories ofForgetting: Interference,decay,retrieval

Group Dynamics and Group behaviour,Group effectiveness, and GroupCohesiveness: meanings, formation,decision making, problem solving andgroup level behaviours.

Leadership: Meaning and nature,function, styles andeffectiveness.

Social issues: Poverty, Caste, gender,population issues in India, Communaltension and harmony. Culture andBehaviour I: Culture and Cognitionand emotion. Culture andOrganisation.

Culture and Behaviour II: Culture andHealth. Culture andPersonality. Socialpsychology: Health, EnvironmentandLaw

Methods and Basicconcepts Methods of Physiological psychology:

Lesion and Brain Stimulation. Receptors, effectors and

adjustermechanisms. Neuralimpulse: Origin, conductionandmeasurement.Sensory system: Vision andAudition.

Human nervous system: Structureandfunctions.Sleep and waking: Stages of sleep,Disorders of sleep andPhysiologicalmechanisms of sleep

andwaking. Drinking and its neuralmechanism; hunger and its

neuralmechanism. EndocrineSystem: Chemical andglandular.

Approach to therapy (Psychoanalytic,Biological Behavioural, Behaviouralmedicine and spiritual therapy). UNIT -

Page | 141

i)BasicPsychiatry1

j)BasicPsychiatry-2

10

10

V Mental health promotion andmaintenance, present issues and trendsin health psychology

Disorders of consciousness, attention,motor behavior, orientation, experienceof self, speech, thought, perception,emotion, and memory.

Psychoses: Schizophrenia, affectivedisorders, delusional disorders and otherforms of psychotic disorders – types,clinical features, etiology andmanagement.

Neurotic, stress-related andsomatoform disorders: types, clinicalfeatures, etiology and management.

Disorders of personality and behavior:Specific personality disorders; mental &behavioral disorders due topsychoactive substance use; habit andimpulse disorders; sexual disorders anddysfunctions – types, clinical features,etiology and management.

Organic mental disorders: Dementia,delirium and other related conditionswith neuralgic and systemic disorders –types, clinical features, etiology andmanagement

Behavioral, emotional anddevelopmental disorders of childhoodand adolescence: types, clinicalfeatures, etiology and management.Mental retardation: Classification,etiology and management.Neurobiology of mental disorders:Neurobiological theories of psychosis,mood disorders, suicide, anxietydisorders, substance use disorders andother emotional and behavioralsyndromes. Therapeutic approaches:Drugs, ECT, psychosurgery,

Page | 142

psychotherapy, and behavior therapy,preventive and rehabilitative strategies– half-way home, sheltered workshop,daycare, and institutionalization.Consultation-liaison psychiatry:Psychiatric consultation in generalhospital; primary care setting.

Special populations/Specialties:Geriatric, terminally ill, HIV/AIDS,suicidal, abused, violent andnoncooperative patients; psychiatricservices in community, and followingdisaster/calamity

43 TechnicianProsthetics &Orthotics

Essential Qualification:Bachelor’s Degree inProsthetics & Orthoticsfrom an Institution /University recognized byRehabilitation Council ofIndia. Registration withthe RehabilitationCouncil of India.Desirable: 2 years’experience in the field

a)Anatomy ,Physiology andMaterials

10 General: introduction & definition,anatomical terms, regions of body,cavities & their contents, cell structure,arrangement into organs and systems.Osteology: structure & function ofbones and joints, skull, vertebrae, upperextremity and lower extremity.Systemic: outline and gross anatomy ofcardiovascular system, respiratorysystem, integumentory system, andgenito – urinary system, gastro-intestinal system.Lower extremity: survey of structureand function of lower limb, detailedstructure and function of bones andjoints of lower limb, blood supply tolower limb, main nerves to lower limb,cutaneous nerve supply, origins,insertions, actions and nerve supply ofmuscles of lower limb and surfaceanatomy.Upper extremity: survey of structureand function of upper limb, detailedstructure and function of bones andjoints of upper limb, blood supply toupper limb , brachial plexus, majornerves to upper limb , cutaneous nervesupply, origins , insertions , actions andnerve supply of muscles of upper limband surface anatomy.Spine: outline of structure and functionof vertebral column, detailed structureof vertebrae throughout vertebralcolumn, structure and function ofatlanto – occipital, atlanto- axial and allother invertebral joints origins,insertions, actions and nerve supply ofmajor muscles of vertebral column.Applied anatomy: surface anatomy,locomotion and movements,anthropometry.

General: introduction and definition ofvarious terms, cell structure and

Page | 143

function including cell division, bodywater and body fluid, oedema.Musculo-skeletal: voluntary andinvoluntary muscles and their functions.Various types of joints, skeletal system,weight bearing and gait analysis.Nervous system: reflex action,regulation of posture, general survey ofvoluntary movement, pain, reflexaction, autonomic nervous system.The blood: outline of coagulation of theblood, RBC, WBC, immunity reactionand inflammation.Cardio – Vascular: Generalconsideration, Heart rate, Regulation ofblood pressure, peripheral circulation,and Capillaries vascular response of theskin.Respiratory System: Generalconsideration, Carriage of Oxygen bythe blood, Carbon dioxide transparent inthe body, Cyanosis, Dyspnoea,Regulation of body temperature.

Metal work: mechanical working ofmetal especially steel and aluminum,fundamental of riveting, soldering,brazing and welding, power metallurgy,surface coating of metal.Metal and Alloys: fundamental of metal& alloys both ferrous & non- ferrous,properties, testing and inspection ofmetals & alloys, heat treatment ofmetals.Wood utilization: wood types,seasoning, preservation, laminationproperties and adhesive for wood.Wood work: introduction to wood,wood works & wood working tools.Pattern making & making of variouskinds of joints.Leather utilization: leather, types,tanning, preservation, lamination,properties and adhesive for the leather.Fabric: fabric types, properties,utilization, selection and quality control.Plastics: introduction to plastics, typesof plastics & molecular structure.Relationship of properties to structure,monomers, polymers, additives,mechanical properties, effect ofproperties on method of production.Fabrication: fabrication process, effectof fabrication process, micro structuralchanges, shrinkage & other degradationduring processing, environmental effect,thermoforming plastics, their fabricationprocess. Thermosetting and fabricationprocess, composite material and theiruses, elastomers, H.D.P.E, PP, PP-CP,

Page | 144

b)Mechanicsand AppliedMechanics,Ergonomicswith appliedmechanics andEngineeringDrawingToolsEquipment &P&OWorkshopTechnologiesand Bio-Mechanics

10

viscoelastic behavior of plastics,introduction to fiber reinforcementplastics, introduction to and theirprocessing especially various types ofmoulding and lamination.Joining: joining of plastics and welding,adhesives and their effect on theirstructure and plastics properties.Foams: different types of foams used inP&0 especially latex, polyurethane,polyethylene& other kind of rigid/ semirigid /flexible foams.

General Mechanics: definition ofmechanics, foundation materials onunits, dimensional homogeneity, scalar& vector quantities, co-ordinate system,Newton’s law, resolution & summationof forces and moments in two & threedimensions, equivalent force system,free body diagrams, equation ofequilibrium, plans & space framesanalysis, parallel & non-parallel forces,torque, linear & angular motion,uniform acceleration, friction, inertia,moment of inertia, dynamic equilibrium(translation/rotation ) ,energy,momentum.Simple stress & strains: definition ofstress & strains, factor of safety stress,modulus of elasticity, longitudinal strain& internal strain, Poisson’s ratio etc.stress & strains curves, statement offormulae relating between differentmodules, simple problems to understandthe above principles of composite bars-formula relating to loads & strain inindividual members simple tounderstand the above relation.General: introduction to definition &scope in modern industrial social studieson machine or man oriented topics,display devices for transmittinginformation from machine to man,controls in information from man tomachine, safety factors, pollution, noise,fumes, atmospheric pollution if motionstudy in relation to Ergonomicsprinciple.

Introduction: drawing instruments &their uses, sizes & layout of drawingsheets, item reference on drawing &items lists, planning on assembly.General principles: folding of drawing

Page | 145

print scale, plane & diagonal, lines,lettering, general principles ofpresentation, sectors & otherconventions conventionalrepresentations circle, tangent ellipse,cycloised involute of circles.Fundamentals: dimension on technicaldrawing, indication of linear & angulartolerance on technical drawing, methodsof dimensioning & tolerancing, conemethod of indicating surface textureon,technical drawing for structural metalwork, orthographic projection of points,lines, simple objects & combination,isometric views, auxiliary views,drawing of screw threads form boltsscrews & screw joints, weld 7 weldedjoint dimensioning & sketching of P &O components / parts, pulley shafts,coupling etc.Designs: design calculation & itsapplication for prosthetics & calculationorthotics devices.General Sketching: sketching forpreparing assembly, workshop drawing,various parts & components used inprosthetics & orthotics, basic idea ofdesign analysis, itemization,empiricism, approximation & synthesis,detail diagram of all kind of orthoses,prostheses & mobility aids.

General: introduction to bench work,hand tools, measuring tools &instruments, equipment’s for massproduction, introduction to lathemachine and its operation, millingmachine & its operation, toolingattachment, shaping machine & its uses,grinding machine, abrasive machine,special tools and equipment use infabrication of orthoses and prostheses.

General: introduction to terminology,definition, planes & directions, regions& landmark of the body, center ofgravity- line of gravity, types of lever,lever arm, body, mass, force,equilibrium, floor reaction axes ofrotation, speed, acceleration. Velocity(scalar & vector), kinetics andkinematics, human weight bearingsystem – weight bearing line, normalhuman locomotion –definition,characteristics of normal gait,characteristics of pathological gait.Biomechanics of normal foot,pathological foot, foot arches, normal &surgical foot wear.

Page | 146

c)Prosthetics &OrthoticsSciences,Orthotics

andPsychology,Sociology andvocationalaspects

10

Tissue mechanics: introduction torelevant biological tissues & theirmechanical properties.Human movements: range ofmovements of lower/ upper limbs &spine. Normal & pathological gait-introduction to EMG studies.Biomechanics of Symes prostheses,partial foot prostheses, below knee(trans- tibial) prostheses.Gait deviations: gait deviation whileusing foot orthoses (FO), Ankle footorthoses (AFO) and Trans tibialprostheses.

Introduction: introduction to prosthetics,definition of various terminology’s,historical development in lowerextremity prosthetics in India andabroad.Prosthetic feet: various types ofprosthetic feet, conventional foot,rocker, SACH foot, modified SACHfoot, Jaipur foot, Seattle foot, flex foot,quantum foot, peg roelite foot, carboncopy foot, comparative studies ofprosthetic feet, single axis, double axis,multi-axial foot, other kind of feet etc.heel height adjustment, adjustable ankle,various kind of ankle mechanism.Partial foot: various types of partial footprosthesis, its bio mechanics,prescription principles, material used inpartial foot prosthesis, various casttechniques of partial foot prosthesis &fabrication techniques.Syme’s: various types of Symesprosthesis, prosthetic componentprescription criteria, principles, materialused for Symes prostheses, castingtechniques, cast modification,fabrication technique for Symes (P.T.Btype) prostheses, fabrication techniquesfor conventional Symes prosthesis.Below knee: various types of B.K(Trans tibial) prostheses with a focus onendoskeletal prostheses. All types B.Kprosthetic components – bothconventional & modular. B.Kprescription criteria and principles,materials used for B.K prosthesis,measurement & casting techniques forPTB prostheses, cast modification,fabrication techniques for PTB

Page | 147

prostheses, and fabrication techniquesfor B.K conventional prostheses – bothopen & close ended socket, differenttypes of socket designs- PTB, PTS,PTBSC, PTBSC-SP, different types ofsuspension.Different Technology: conventional B.Kprosthesis with local components,ALIMCO components, Jaipur limb(using HDPE), ICRC technology,endoskeleton/ modular –all commontypes.Gait deviation & analysis: persons withchopart, Symes, B.K prostheses,checkout procedure for persons withchopart, Symes & B.K prostheses.

General: introduction to orthotics.Definition of various terminologies,History of orthoses in India and abroad.Various materials used in orthotics.Different types of orthoses: user’s clientassessment & prescription criteria,measuring & casting, cast modification,three point force system, fabrication,fitting , alignment , check out &finishing of following of followingdevices .Shoe modification: medial/lateral rise(inside/ outside shoe) M.T bar (inside/outside shoe) arch support, meta tarsalpad, calcaneal heel wedge, heel raise,Thomas heel, heel pad for calcanealspur,’T’ strap (medial & lateral),fixation of stirrup plate in shoe/ sandal,various types of arch support – flexible/semi rigid / rigid/ custom molded, SMO– custom molded supra malleolarorthosis. Various types of foot orthosesfor diabetic feet & other sensorydeficiencies.AFO (Ankle foot orthoses) –conventional AFO-Limited/foot drop(using ALIMCO components) plasticAFO (custom molded), using metalhinges, plastic hinges, different trimlines. Plastic AFO for calcanealdeformity, AFO with soft insert,fabricated AFO, AFO with inside /outside posting, AFO with build incompensation.Club foot orthosis (CTEV): Denisbrown splint (night splint), anklesupport, prefabricated CTEV splint,custom molded FO/AFO/KAFO, POPsplint, shoe modification.Fracture: tibial guard & other kinds offoot & ankle fracture orthoses.

Disability &development:

Page | 148

Background to social, political &economical issues in India & other low-income countries. Affected on poor wholive in rural & urban areas. Disability &women introduction to communitybased rehabilitation as compared to theexisting medical model & its function.Introduction to impairment, disability &handicap. Introduction to disabilityissues, Government schemes &initiatives, legislation, local resourcesavailable & referral. Income generationschemes, purpose of Sanghas / group ofPWDs. Access, Adaptation & changesof environment where people live orwork, PWD Act.Psychology: introduction topsychology, outline of psychology &the individual, behavior, intelligence &abilities, learning & remembering,psychological development, cognitiveprocess, personality, moraldevelopment, psychological aspect ofdisability. The role of the family, childwith the disability, parent of the disablechild. Acceptance of several disabledpersons, social- sexual relationships,independence living.Sociology: introduction to sociology &outline of society, definition, outline ofsocial works, nature of socialorganization, non –governmentalorganization & its role in prosthetics &orthotics, structure & function of socialinstitution, village as community, socialchanges, social problems, socialwelfare, vocational rehab. ,Employment, self-employment,removing environmental barriers,recreation for the disabled, communitywelfare organization, social welfareprograms, professional & social work inmedical setup, M.S.W in rehabilitation,practical & environment difficulties ofpatient in use of appliance, outline ofeducational aspect, job analysis, jobplacement.

Community Based Rehab. : What isCBR & its need- what way it is differentthat IBR , simple knowledge about otherdisabilities, its prevention & itsmanagement ,to where to refer ,when torefer, role of other professionals inCBR, early identification & earlyintervention , how to work as a team inCBR /IBR structure , simple techniquesto make CBR activities morepurposeful.

Page | 149

d)PMRMedicalAspects(Specificdisorders)

10General: introduction to health caressystem, rehab. In health care, rehab.Under various ministries, introductionto Institution Based Rehab. (IBR) andCommunity Based Rehab. (CBR).Prosthetics & orthotics in CBR & roleof CBR worker in P&0. Introduction togeneral medicine & disease, chemical &physical agent causing diseases, outlineof metabolic disorders e.g. Diabetesmellitus, deficiency diseases e.g. Vit.Ddeficiency & Vit. C deficiency.Specific disorders : peripheral nerveinjury , poliomyelitis ,cerebral palsy ,muscular dystrophy, club foot, spinabifida ,hemiplegia, spinal cord injury (paraplegia / quadriplegia) , tuberculosis& perthes disease, leprosy , burns, Erb’spalsy ,tumors- malignant & benign.Sports injuries: introduction to sportsinjuries, common sports injuries & othermanagement, mechanism of injury tohip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, wrist& hand in various sports & outline oftheir orthotic management.Rehab. Therapy: introduction tophysiotherapy & occupational therapy,child development in brief- milestone &delayed milestone, assessmentprocedure, evaluation of muscle power,range of motion, checking of jointstability, checking of pelvic tilt, use ofGoniometer, checking of muscularatrophy/ dystrophy, functionalassessment which includes ADL,stretching, strengthening, breathingexercises, therapy at post – surgicalstage (re- educating the muscle,maintaining ROM, preventing.Stump care & care of non-amputatedlimb, exercise through games involvingparent & guardians, pop bandageapplication for temporary splinting&correction of simple deformity, stumpbandaging application etc.Physical medicine & Rehab. : Conceptof total rehab. , Rehab. Team & role ofeach of the member of the team,introduction to physical medicine,principles of clinical examination,diagnosis & treatment, different aspectof physical medicine & rehab. , Rehab.Aspect of visually handicapped, hearinghandicapped & mentally retarded.

Page | 150

e)OrthopaedicsandAmputationsurgery

10 General: introduction, principles ofOrthopaedics, fracture & types ofmanagement.Inflammation: outline of Inflammation,osteomyelitis, and inflammation ofjoint. Rheumatoid arthritis,, infectivearthritis , tuberculosis arthritis,osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis,arthritis of hemophilic joints,neuropathic joints, inflammation oftendon sheath & bursae, contractures ,posture etc. metabolic diseases of bonese.g. Rickets, osteomalacia , gout,scurvy, etc poliomyelitis & all its effect.Spine: outline of torticollis, cervical rib,spina bifida, spondylolisthesis,scoliosis- all types, kyphosis, lordosis,spondylosis, prolapsed ofintervertebebral disc.Hip: outline of dislocation (congenital,traumatic, pathological, paralytic &spastic), coxa-vara, coxa-valga.Knee: outline of meniscal tears,dislocation of patella, genu valgus, genuvarum, genu recurvatum, ligamentousinjuries.Ankle & foot: outline of sprain ( acute& chronic) ,CTEV ,calcaneo-varus &pes valgus, hallux valgus & varus,calcaneal spurs, metatarsalgia, planterfascitis, anesthetic feet, bunion.Shoulder: outline of recurrentdislocation, bicipital tendonitis &periarthritis.Elbow: outline of cubitus varus&valgus, Madelung’s deformity, tenniselbow, Volkmann’s contracture,Dupuytren’s disease, claw hand, de-quervain’s disease & claw hand.Wrist & hand: tenosynovitis, malletfinger. Carpal tunnel syndrome.

General: indication / causes, generalprinciples, types of amputation .i.e.,Guillotine, Flap, osteoplasticMyoplastic, osteo-myoplastic,individual preparation for prosthesis,ideal stump, preoperative & post-operative prosthetic managementtechniques in general.Amputation: amputation surgery inlower & upper limb, amputation in

Page | 151

f)Electricityand Biomechanics

10

special circumstances, like in infant &children, congenital limb deficiencies &its universal classification, ischemiclimbs, elderly persons & malignancy

Basic concept : introduction to SIsystem of units , charge , current ,resistance, potential difference,electromotive forces, energy, power,voltage & current relationship, energystorage, DC circuit, AC circuit, sinewave, frequency, period phase, RMSvalue, inductive & capacitive reactance.Resistors: resistors sensitive totemperature, strain & light, resistors inseries & in parallel.Transformers: principle, voltage, turns& ratio currents.Semi conductors: outline concept ofSemi conductors & insulators,conduction in intrinsic & extrinsic semiconductors.Amplifiers: amplifiers as a systemelement, operational amplifiers & theirideal characteristics. The small singleequivalent circuit having a controlledsource, voltage & current gain, thedecibel power gain, noise & driftvoltage, source in amplifiers & biosystems.Feed back: the general feed backequation, feed back voltage series &loop gain, loop gain accuracy, inputresistance, output resistance, band widthnoise, feed back as control mechanismin the wider sense, positive feed back –instability & self- oscillation inamplifier & oscillators.Measurements: electronic measuringinstruments, the cathode rayoscilloscope, summary of recordinginstruments, concept of resolution &accuracy applied to digital & analogueinstruments, transducers fortemperature, light, pressure. Sound,description, specification & use incircuit.Myoelectrodes : technology of metals &metal paste electrodes, the equivalentcircuit between electrodes, stability,source of unwanted voltage electrodesystem, other types of myoelectrodesmicro electrodes, implanted electrodes,comparison with surface electrodes .Electrical safety : description of single

Page | 152

phase & three phase supply system &voltage involved , function of line ,natural & earth in single phase system ,current practice in pin connection &colour codes, simple safety procedure tobe taken when servicing equipment ,effect on safety on fault condition,fuses, conductors & earth leakagedetectors- miniature circuit breakers (MCB) voltage regulators integratedcircuits .Bio electricity: biological potentials,muscle action potential,electromyography & myo – electricity.

Joint force analysis: body segmentparameters, joint force during swing &stance phase, force analysis on foot &ankle joint, knee joint & hip joint.Human locomotion & gait analysis:introduction to different ways to do gaitanalysis by using force late / TVanalysis/ electromyography studies,energy studies, gait repeatability,variations due to age, variation due tofoot ware, orthosis/ prosthesis, commontype of pathological gait, above kneeamputee gait analysis & deviation, gaitvariations due to alignment orpathological conditions.Through knee bio mechanics:prescription principles, socket biomechanics & alignment techniques.Above knee prosthetics bio mechanics:general socket bio mechanics, aboveknee socket bio mechanics, & analysissocket forces, analysis of above kneesocket component, bio mechanics of AKprosthesis alignmentAbove knee orthotics bio mechanics :bio mechanical principles of variouskinds of above knee orthosis especiallyKAFO & FRO, bio mechanics ofHKAFO especially to preventscissoring, three/ four / five pressureforce system, KAFO & HKAFO gaitdeviation – variation due to alignmentor pathological condition, gait analysisof KAFO & HKSFO with various typesof crutches

Page | 153

g)Prostheticsand Orthotics

10 Knee joints: all types of endoskeletal &exoskeletal knee joints – single axis,polycentric , free , constant friction ,variable friction, microchip control,hydraulic, swing phase control , stancephase control knee joints etc.Hip joints: for AK as well as for hipdisarticulation/ hemipelvictomy- alltypes of hip joint especially single axis& swivel type.Through knee prostheses : various types– through knee prosthetic component ,material used, casting techniques, castmodification , fabrication , its gaitanalysis & deviation, check-outprocedures .A.K Prosthesis: types, A.K prostheticcomponent .A.K socket shape, clinicalconsideration , casting & measurementtechniques , cast modification ,fabrication, various types of suspensionsystems especially suction & silicontype.Different technology: conventional A.Kprosthesis with local component,ALIMCO component, Jaipur limb(using HDPE), ICRC technology,endoskeletal / modular – all commontypes, A.K gait analysis & check-outprocedure.Hip disarticulation prosthesis: varioustypes of through hip prosthesis, differenttypes prescription principles , material& component to be used, casting &measurement techniques , castmodification , alignment , suspensionfitting , donning & doffing techniques,check-out procedure ,testing & training ,gait analysis & gait deviation .

A.K Orthosis: all types of KAFO,HKAFO & also orthosis for CDH, CP,paraplegia, Legg Calve Perthes disease,spina bifida, leprosy & hemiplegia.Orthotic component: prescriptionprinciples of various various types ofKAFO, knee orthosis, & HKAFO.Fabrication : casting & measurementtechniques , choosing right kind ofmaterial & component , , castmodification , fabrication & alignmenttechniques using different technologies-its advantages & disadvantages ,accomodation of limb lengthdiscrepancy while designing orthosis ,gait analysis & check-out procedure .

Page | 154

h)Work ShopManagementand ComputerStudies

10 Introduction: principle of administrative& management structure, industrialmanagement, definition of organization,type of organizational set up, workshopadministration & management.

Man management: introduction,discipline, security, distribution ofwork, work sheet, time sheet & staffwelfare.

Store purchase: Store & Storeorganization, inventory control,purchase organization, introduction tocost accounting, use of computer foreffective Store management.

Safety: industrial accidents, safety &hazards.

Planning: planning of prosthetic &orthotics workshop, all types of variousscale, workshop layout, plan layout,costing, billing, documentationespecially development of recordingsystem to manage individual records.

Construction: construction, ventilation,electrification, colour scheme, lighting,sanitary convenience, further expansion& accessibility of prosthetic & orthoticworkshop & fitting.

Computer Aided Design &Manufacturing (CAD CAM)

Basics of CAD : introduction ,definition , history , current status ,product cycle , automation ,designing , application & benefits.

Computer Graphics: introductionof software, function of graphicpackage, application software.AutoCAD 2002: Introduction,foundation of AutoCAD commands,execution of simple 2D drawing,understanding 3D commands, executing3D commands, creating 3D.

Page | 155

i)BioMechanics andMobility andRehabilitationaids

10

Rendering & image attach to an objectstarting new project, creating, editing,saving drawing, annotation, dimension,plotting, customization, AutoLisp.

Basics of CAD: introduction of CNCmachine, basics of computer aideddesigning & manufacturing(CADCAM) & its use in P&O, otherkinds of computer use in prosthetics &orthotics, CADCAM technology insocket making & also making ofdifferent kinds of prosthetics &orthotics

Tissue mechanism: study of mechanicalcharacteristics & function of bones,skins, ligaments, cartilage & muscle.

Spinal bio mechanics: motion of thespine , bio mechanics of different regionin spinal column , bio mechanics intervertebral disc, lumbar spine loading,during normal activities & effects oforthoses on this load, bio mechanicalprinciple of spinal orthosis.

Biomechanics of corsets, cervical /thoraco / lumbar / sacral spinal orthoses.Biomechanics of scoliosis correctionusing different technologies &especially using spinal orthoses.

Upper limb: grasp pattern , grasp force ,mechanical replacement of handfunction , augmentation of deficienthand function, upper limb prostheticsocket bio mechanics –all types,orthoses bio mechanics, application ofexternal power, myoelectric control ofexternal power & usage of devices.

Control systems: introduction to controltheory, application in prosthetic &orthotics of functional electricalstimulation (FES), hybrid orthoses, myoelectric & bio feedback.

Design concept –I: buckling, theories in

Page | 156

failure / fatigue / stress concentration,connection, fluid mechanism & beamdeflection.

Design concept –II: shear force &bending moment diagrams, centroids,2nd moment of area & mass, theorem ofparallel axes, bending stress, torsionalstress of circular shaft, combine axial &bending stresses, combine & torsionalstresses , combine axial bendingtorsional stresses , open & close helicalspring, beam deflection, design teststandards / material / Philadelphia loads/ISO, design calculation for P&Odevices.

Mobility & walking aids: canes,walking sticks, crutches- axillary, elbow& forearm support, different types ofwalking frames, walker & theirattachment, parapodium & David HartWalker.

Developmental aids : bio mechanics ofdifferent kind of developmental aids,normal mile stone & delayed mile stone,measurement techniques, fabrication ofbox seat, special chair with or withouttable / tray, standing / tilting frame, lowlevel cart, prone board & variousdevelopmental & educational toys,maximum use of appropriate technologywhile making developmental aids.

Moulded seats: biomechanics,prescription criteria, cast &measurement techniques, castmodification & fabrication of mouldedseats with inside or out side posting, useof different materials & technologies tofabricate the same, suspension or rightkind of strapping.

Wheel chair : different types ,prescription criteria , measurementstechniques, wheel chair modification &maintenance according to individual’sneed , various attachment of the wheelchair , motorized wheel chair , tricycle& motorized tricycle , scooty, differenttypes of cushion & its fabrication

Page | 157

j)Upper LimbProsthetics andOrthotics

10

techniques .

Gait Training with crutches: trainingwith various walking aides & that todifferent ways, installation / fabricationof parallel bars & transition fromparallel bars to walker then to crutchesor sticks.

Self help devices: special gadgets forprehension & to assist in activities ofdaily living.

Upper limb prosthetics : historicaldevelopment in Upper limb prostheses –India & abroad, Upper extremityprosthetics component – terminaldevices, wrist unit, elbow units,shoulder units, harnessing systems inupper extremity prosthetics.

Partial hand: both cosmetic & functionaltypes which also includes siliconprostheses, cosmetic hand glove &finger, device for augmentation offunction & cosmesis for partial handamputation & finger amputation.

Wrist disarticulation: prescriptioncriteria, types of through wristprostheses – component , socket shape,clinical consideration, casting &measurement techniques, castmodification, fabrication techniques,alignment techniques, harnessing &suspension mechanism, fitting, donning& doffing techniques, check outprocedure, testing & training.

Below elbow : prescription criteria ,types of B.E prostheses- component ,type of socket which include selfsuspending , flexible / rigid socket orcombination of both , clinicalconsideration , casting & measurementtechniques. Cast modification,fabrication techniques- single wall /double wall, alignment techniques,

Page | 158

harnessing & suspension mechanism,control system – body powered &externally powered, fitting donning &doffing techniques, check outprocedure, testing & training.

Above elbow : prescription criteria,types of AE prostheses which alsoincludes elbow disarticulationprostheses – components, differenttypes of elbow mechanism, types ofsocket which includes self suspension,flexible / rigid socket or combination ofboth, clinical consideration, casting &measurement techniques. Castmodification, fabrication techniques -single wall / double wall, alignmenttechniques, harnessing & suspensionmechanism, control system – bodypowered & externally powered, fittingdonning & doffing techniques, checkout procedure, testing & training.

Shoulder disarticulation: prescriptioncriteria, types of shoulder disarticulationprostheses both cosmetic & functional –components, different types of elbow &shoulder mechanism, types of socket,flexible / rigid socket or combination of,clinical consideration, casting &measurement techniques. Castmodification, fabrication techniques -single wall / double wall, alignmenttechniques, harnessing & suspensionmechanism, control system – bodypowered & externally powered, fittingdonning & doffing techniques, checkout procedure, testing &training .

Upper limb orthotics: objective ofsplinting & principles, bio mechanicalprinciple of all type of Upper limborthotics, material used & its advantage& disadvantage, basic componentsplinting, all type of hand / fingerorthoses, wrist hand orthoses which

Page | 159

includes – flexor hinge splint fingerdriven, – flexor hinge splint wristdriven, flexor hinge splint shoulderdriven, casting / measurement &fabrication of EO elbow wrist & handorthoses, elbow brace appliances toallow mobilization / immobilization,appliances for flail elbows, casting /measurement & fabrication of shoulderorthoses, the shoulder joint braces &splints, abduction splint & braces,traction splint of humerus, all types ofshoulder elbow wrist & hand orthoseswhich also includes both body powered& externally powered, all type offracture orthoses, temporary splinting,feeder, & other assistive appliances.

Spinal orthoses: historical developmentof spinal orthotics, anatomical &physiological principles of construction& fitting of spinal orthoses, biomechanical principle & function ofspinal orthoses.

Cervical orthoses: principle, material,measurement / casting, fabrication of alltype of Cervical orthoses especiallydifferent type of cervical collar, semi –rigid / rigid cervical orthoses bothtemporary & permanent, cervicaltraction – various types.

Thoraco-lumbar sacral orthoses :flexible spinal orthoses, rigid spinalorthoses, principle, material ,measurement / casting, fabrication of alltype of Thoraco lumbar sacral orthoses(TLSO) especially all types of orthosesfor scoliosis .All type of under armorthoses & variants, various types ofimmobilizer, fitting, donning & doffingtechniques, check out procedure, testing& training .

Lumbo sacral orthoses: principle,material, measurement / casting,fabrication of all type of lumbo-sacralorthoses (LSO), especially corset & alltypes of orthoses for lordosis &scoliosis, pelvic traction & its use.

Page | 160