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Industrial Engineers, OCCUPATIONAL Health
& Safety
Prepared by:
Abarca, Ana Ceniza M.
Calipay, Caroljoy C.
Garabiles, Ranie April T.
Segunla, Cristy E.
Sevilla, Mary Anne C.
Zamora, Richelle A.
Tatoy, Arlene
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OVERVIEW
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OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety
They are more concerned with increasingproductivity through the
management ofpeople, methods of business organization, and
technology than engineers in other specialties,who generally
work more with products orprocesses.
Most industrial engineers work inmanufacturing industries, they
may also workin consulting services, healthcare, and
communications.
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WORKPLACE HAZARDS
Physical agents such as noise and heat
Powered mechanical agents such asmachinery and tools
Non powered mechanical agents such ashammers, axes, and
knives
Liquid chemical agents such as benzene and
toluene Powered materials such as pesticides,
asbestos, sand, and coal dust
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OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety
Gaseous or vaporous chemical agents suchas nitrous oxide, carbon
monoxide, andanhydrous ammonia
Heavy metals such as lead and mercury
Biological agents such as bacteria and viruses
Genetically engineered agents
Other hazards, such as wet working surfaces,unguarded floor
openings, job stress, and theunsafe behavior of others
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OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety These hazards enter the
body
through various avenuesincluding:
inhalation into the lungs andnose
absorption through the skinand other membranes
Ingestion into the throat and
stomach
Traumatic contact with variousbody surfaces and organs
In case of job stress, throughcognitive mental processes
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OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety Traditional hazards such as
unexpected energy release andchemicals are still major concerns
inthe workplace
Other new hazards will appear,
exotic products of geneticengineering and biotechnology
whileothers will be the products of ourability to harness the laws
of physicsand chemistry with advanced
engineering designs The physical and biological hazards
will become more prevalent anddangerous than they are today
There will also be more physical and
psychological work demands thatcan lead to s cholo ical
stress
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MEASURING HAZARD POTENTIAL AND
SAFETY PERFORMANCE
To control occupational hazards and relatedillness and injuries,
it is necessary to definetheir nature and predict when and where
they
will occur. Two (2) parallel systems ofinformation have been
used to attain thispurpose:
Hazard identification
It uses employee injury and company loss-controlinformation to
define problem spots based on theextent of injuries and costs to
the organization
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INSPECTION PROGRAM
Hazard identification prior to the occurrence ofan occupational
injury is a major goal of ahazard inspection program
most effective: identifying permanent fixedphysical and
environmental hazards that donot vary over time.
not effective: identifying transient physical and
environmental hazards or improper workplacebehaviors because
these hazards may not bepresent when the inspection is taking
place
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INSPECTION PROGRAM
A major benefit from inspections, beyondhazard recognition, is
the positive motivationalinfluence on employees.
Inspection of all work areas should beconducted at least weekly
for cleanliness,clutter and traffic flow.
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THING TO BE DONE :
To develop a checklist that identifies all potentialhazards -
requires that the inspectors know whatto look for and where to look
for it and have theproper tools to conduct an effective
assessment
Random spot checking is another method that canindicate whether
the hazard control remainseffective
Factors to be inspected:
Machinery, tools and materials
Chemicals, gases, vapors and biological agents
Environmental conditions
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THING TO BE DONE :
Frequency of inspections should be based onthe nature of hazards
being evaluated
Hazards that require inspection:
Their potential to cause an injury or illness The potential
seriousness of the injuries or
illnesses
The number of people exposed to the hazard
The number of injuries and illnesses at aworkplace related to a
specific hazard
Hazardous conditions defined by federal, state,and local
regulations
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General Inspection should cover:
Plant grounds
Building and relatedstructures
Towers, platforms,or other additions
Transportations
access equipmentand routes
Work areas
Machinery
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General Inspection should cover:
Tools
Materials handling
Housekeeping
Electricalinstallations andwiring
Floor loading Stairs and stairways
Elevators
Roofs and chimneys
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