Industrial Safety Hand Book

8/12/2019 Industrial Safety Hand Book

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SAFETY

HAND-BOOK

NAVAL DOCKYARD

MUMBAI


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CONTENTS

PREFACE 01

TEN COMMANDMENTS OF SAFETY 02

AMENDMENTS 03

PART : 1 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE NOS

CHAPTER 1) SAFETY POLICY 04

CHAPTER 2)INSPECTION OF CENTRES 05

CHAPTER 3)SAFETY ORGANISATION 10

CHAPTER 4)SAFETY SYSTEM 16

CHAPTER 5)LIST OF IMPORTANT DOCKYARD 21

SAFETY ORDERS

CHAPTER 6)ACCIDENT REPORTING /

INVESTIGATION/FOLLOW P 24

CHAPTER !)SAFETY CODE " S# CONTRACTORS 2$

CHAPTER %) ACTION PLAN FOR EMERGENCY

HA&ARD CONTROL 31

PART : 2 SAFE ENVIRONMENT

CHAPTER $) FIRST AID 34

CHAPTER 10) MEDICAL SRVEILLANCE 43

CHAPTER 11) HOSE KEEPING' 45

CHAPTER 12) PERSONAL PROTECTIVE E(IPMENT 51

CHAPTER 13) WORKING AT HEIGHT 56

CHAPTER 14) WORKING IN CONFINED SPACES 60

CHAPTER 15) NOISE VI#RATIONS 64

CHAPTER 16) MATERIAL HANDLING 6!

CHAPTER 1!) FIRE FIGHTING !5

CHAPTER 1%) HANDLING OF DANGEROS

S#STANCES %2

CHAPTER 1$) COMPRESSED AIR/GASES %5

CHAPTER 20) SECRITY $1

CHAPTER 21) GEN' PRECATIONS

WORKING ON MACHINES $2

CHAPTER 22) WORK PERMIT SYSTEM $4


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PART : 3 ENGINEERING PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

CHAPTER 23) FITTING/MACHINE/PIPE SHOPS $6

CHAPTER 24) ICE SHOP 100

CHAPTER 25) FONDRY 102

CHAPTER 26) R##ER MOLDING 105

CHAPTER 2!) REFRIGERATION* AIR CONDITIONING 10%

CHAPTER 2%) #OILER SHOP 10$

CHAPTER 2$) TEST HOSES 11!

PART : 4 ELECTRICAL PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

CHAPTER 30) SAFE SE OF ELECTRICITY 11$

CHAPTER 31) CARDIO PLMONARY

RESSCIATION 130

CHAPTER 32) ELECTROPLATING 132

PART : 5 WEAPONS PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

CHAPTER 33) H'P'AIR/HYDRALIC SYSTEM 135

CHAPTER 34) RADIATION 13%

PART : 6 CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

CHAPTER 35) WELDING AND CTTING 146

CHAPTER 36) PLATER/#LACK SMITH/

SHEET METAL WORK 152

CHAPTER 3!) PAINTING 154

CHAPTER 3%) DOCKING* NDOCKING OF SHIPS 15%CHAPTER 3$) STAGING 161

CHAPTER 40) WOOD WORKING MACHINES 165

PREFACE

T+, -.,, - + +78 .--9 - 8,,-; ,< -7-=7, >-7?

@-9,* =;,- 78 -, - +, N D-9.* - ,7=, + ,+


4/156

78 ,, +, ,B;,,7, - -7, >7* -7,

;7 - -7, 78=;-,7 , - ,7=, + +, -7,7 - + H78.--9 ,

.-=?+ - +, 7-, - ;,-77, @-97? =78, +,>'

P C #+7)

R, A8>

A8> S=;,7,78,7

N D-9.

04 M $!


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TEN COMMANDMENTS OF SAFETY

1' SAFETY IS A WAY OF LIFE* LIVE SAFELY'

2' YOR SAFETY MEANS THE SAFETY OF YOR FAMILY'

3' SAFETY HAS NO HOLIDAY'

4' SAFETY IS THE CONCERN OF EVERY #ODY'

5' WORKING SAFELY IS AS IMPORTANT AS WORKING PROPERLY'

6' MAKE SAFETY YOR SITH SENSE'

!' NEGLIGENCE ALONE CASES ACCIDENTS' MOST

ACCIDENTS ARE PREVENTA#LE'

%' SAFETY AND PRODCTIVITY GO HAND IN HAND'

$' ALWAYS AIM AT HIGHER DEGREE OF SAFETY'

10' SAFETY IS SOLD NOT TOLD'


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AMENDMENTS

A>,78>,7 A=+-< D, - I7 R,>9

N=>., I7,-7

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


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PART : 1SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


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CHAPTER 1

SAFETY POLICY

Naval Docka!" # M$%&a'(

1' T+, >7?,>,7 - +, N D-9;-;-7, 78 79 7- @< ,

>;-7 +7 ;-8=-7 78 =< - @-9' T+, >7?,>,7

- +, > .,, + -.,7, 78 >7,77, - , -;,"

7? ;-,8=,* 7 ,= 7 ;,,-7 - +=>7

,-=,* ;7 78 >+7,7?, +,

@-9>,7* +-=8 ,-?7,* ,; 78 ?, -; ;-< 78

>;-7, 7 >;,>,77? , @-9 ;-,8=, 78 ,7=, ,

78 +,+< @-97? -78-7'

3' I +, ;>, 8=< - @-9, ,;,,7, - ,8=, +,

@-9>,7 - 8-; , @-9 ;-,8=, 78 =, +, 7,,,7 - ;-,-7 ,?-=,7 + 7- ,787?, +, 78 +, ,-@

@-9>,7 , .< 8-;7? =7, >,7 78 +-=' I

+-=8 ., =78,--8 + 7< --7 - , @-9 ;,,787?, +, -@7 ,* =7? =78,7,8 +8+; - , 78

>, -


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INSPECTION OF CENTRES

2'1 SAFETY INSPECTION :

S,< O, , =+-,8 - 7 , - ->;7< +, S,< O,' T+,

7;,-7 ,;- - =+ 7;,-7 , - ., -@8,8 - +, -7,7,8 A/D, - ,7=, + +, +-->7? +, .,,7

,>7,8' I7 , - 7-7"->;7, - 7< ;-7* +, >, - ., .-=?+ - +,

7-, - +, C+>7 A;,B/L- S,< C->>,,'

2'2 ASDS INSPECTION OF CENTRES

ASD @ 7;, +, ,7, - +, 77,8 .< +,

,7, 78 =.>,8 - S,< O, I7;,-7:

' A8,7 R,?,

' S,< O, I7;,-7 R,?,

' D,;>,7 S,< C->>,, M,,7? R,?,

' R,-8 - E+7? - E, E=;>,7


10/156

' R,-8 - P,-7 P-,, E=;>,7

' L7? 9, ,7? ,?,

' F, F?+7? E=;>,7 R,?,

' F A8 K R,?,

B' F>< P777? R,?,


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2'4 CHECK LIST FOR SAFETY INSPECTION

AREA OF INSPECTION GOOD AVERAGE POOR

FIRE PREVENTION

' EB7?=+7? ,=;>,7' T77? - ;,-77,

S-?, - >>., >,

D;- - >>., ;

EB 78 -+, ?7

F, ;-,-7

HOSE KEEPING

' W-9 ,

' A,* * --

L?+7? ,7-7

M,/->;-7,7 97?

W, 8;- G,7, 7,7,/ ,77,

MATERIAL HANDLING

' S=-< ,-8 / L-? .--9

C7, ?7,

C+7 /7? * -;,* 7?

9, ,'

F-9

C+7 / ;=,< .-9

P-@, =9 -

H78

M7= +787? ,=;>,7'

STORES AND STORAGE

' L--7

S-?, 97?

A, >,7

S97? ;7?

D7?,-= =.7, -, L-87? / =7-87?


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MACHINERY

' D, >-- -7-

' O;,-7 ;-7 ?=8

' D, >,+7> ?=8

' M, -@

' D=* ;-* +;* =>,*

;9'

PRESSRE E(IPMENT

' C->;,- ;=>; ,

' A ,,, 7,

T, ,-8

POWER SPPLY

' S@+ ?, -7-' H?+ -?, =;;< 7,

' D->, =;;<

-77,-7

' T,>;-< ?+7?/

-77,-7

' E+7? ,-8

FIELD WORK

' D< 8-9 =78, @, @-9

' S+; 8, @-9' S-87?/ ?7?* 88,

' W-9 7 +; ->;>,7

' W-9 7 -77,8 ;,

W-9 7 ; 78 =,

TOOLS

P-@, --

H78 --

? 78 ?8?,

' , >7,77, - --

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE E(IPMENT

G-??,* , +,8 *,,7

' H,>,*

' G-,

' F--@,

' R,;-< ;-,, ,=;>,7


13/156

' O+, ;-,, ,=;>,7

' P-,8=, - PPE >7,77,

MISCELLANEOS

' F 8 .-B, 77?

' S,< ;-, 78 ?7

' A8,7 ,?, ,-8

' S,< @,7,' A8,7 7,?7? ,-8

' A7< -+, ,,7 ,-8

WELDING E(IPMENT

' E, @,87? , 78 ,+7?

' E, +-8, 7, ,+7?

G @,87? ,

WELFARE

' D797? @, J' W+.7 -,

' C+7?, @-9 -->

' S+-@, ,


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S O " I S O " I I S O " I I I

S R S O

M I E S

D G M ) H R )

G M C T )

A S D C M # )

NOTE:"

MIES M7?, I78= E7?7,,7? 78 S,7 ,-=, 7 ,


15/156

H, @ ., +, +>7 - +, A;,B S,< C->>,,'

3'3 D,;=< G,7, M7?, HR)

E7=, 8,,-;>,7 - +=>7 ,-=, * -78= - I78= S,< T77?

78 ;;-7 - 78= ,7?7,,7? 78 ,< 788 7 +, 8-97 - D-9>,,'

3'4 M7?, IES)

R,78, 8, - -, 78 7= @-9,* 7 ;;-7 - >,=, -

;,,7 8,7 / -=;-7 +8 @+ ,,,7, - F-, A'

A 7 8-< ;< @+,7 @-9 .,7? ,8 -= @++ ,=, @,7? -

PPE'

M77 -7 @+ - D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+ 78 ->;7 8=7? - +, D-9,7 - ,7=7? ,

;,/;-,8=, 78 8@7? ,7-7 - ,;-7., -, - 7< =7,

'

I7,?-7 - 8,7 7 -7=7-7 @+ D,;>,7 O, -7,7,8'

C->;-7 78 ;->=?-7 - 8,7 '

M77 8,7 ,-8'

H, - ;;, MIES ,?87? 7< =7== ,=, - +, ,;-/,-8 ,7?

,< - +, ;,-77, '

H, @ ., +, >,>., ,,< - +, D-9>,,'

3'5 S,< -,

R,?= 78 ,=,7 7;,-7 - 8,;>,7 * ,7,* 8< 8-9 78 ,, -

,7=, , ;,* -78-7 78 '

H, - 8@ +, ,7-7 - -7,7,8 D,;>,7 O, 7 , - 7< =7,

-78-7 78 '

H 7;,-7 - -, ;;-7 - >+7, ?=87? * >777? ,7

;?,* =, - ;-;, ?7? ,'

EB>7, -= ,< ;,-8 78 ;=.-7 7? +, ,7-7 - MIES -

7< >,+-8 @++ 7 + -;7-7 , @-+< - 8-;-7 7 +, 8-9


16/156

A7?7? - 8.=-7 78 8;< - ;-,* ,78* 9, ,'

;;-;, ;, -7 ,,; -> N-7 S,< C-=7 /-+, -=,'

H, @ ., +, >,>., ,,< - +, D-9>,,'

3'6 SAFETY COMMITTEES

I7 9,,;7? @+ +, ;--7 - F-, A 1$4% >,78,8 =; - 1$%!) 78+, M++ F-, R=, 1$63 >,78,8 =;- 1$%2)* D-9>,, , -7=,8 -77,8 7 +, =,,87? ;?;+'

3'! DOCKYARD APE SAFETY COMMITTEE

T+, ->;--7 - + ->>,, @ ., --@ :

) GMT)/() "" C+>7

.) AGMPR) """ M,>.,

) A/DGMTS) "" M,>.,

8) A/DGM MAT) "" M,>.,

,) PMO """ M,>.,) CHSFO "" M,>.,

?) COY """ M,>.,'

+) S' S,< O, "" M,>., S,,., - ,,,8 ,;,,7, -> 8,'

T+ ->>,, - >,, -7, 7 =, - 8=/,-, >- =,

,,8 - ,< ;, 7 +, 8-9;--7 - + ->>,, @ ., --@ :

) A/DGMHR) "" C+>7

.) A M7?, - P-8=-7*

M7,77,* M, 78 (=,7 "" M,>.,

) M,8 O, "" M,>.,

8) F, O, "" M,>.,

,) DCOY "" M,>.,

) S,< O, "" M,>., S,,>,, - >,, -7, ,,< =, 78 ,-, +, ;-7 -

@++ -7 , ;,787? 7 +, D,;>,7 S,< C->>,,'

3'$ DEPARTMENTAL SAFETY COMMITTEE

C->;--7 - + ->>,, @ ., --@ :"


17/156

) M7?, - +, D,;>,7 "" C+>7

.) O7, O, F-> ,+ ,7, "" M,>.,

) O7, S=;,- F-> ,+ ,7, "" M,>.,

8) O7, @-9,"" F-> ,+ ,7, "" M,>.,

) O7, S,< M,>., F->

-7,7,8 D,;>,7 "" M,>., ,,,7 S,< C->>,, , - >,, -7, 7 @- >-7+ -8= 78 ,-, +-; ,, ;-.,> ,,8 - ,< 78 +,+' C-;, - +,

>7=, ,-8,8 , - ., -@8,8 - -7,7,8 HOD 78 MIES - ,7., =, -

,< 8,/7=-7 ;;.,'

3'10 FNCTIONS OF APE SAFETY COMMITTEE :

T+, ;>< =7-7 - +, A;,B S,< C->>,, , --@ :"

A7? 78 -"-877? @+ +, >7?,>,7 7 +,7? +, > 78 -.,,

-=7,8 7 +, H,+ 78 S,< P-< - +, -7? @-9,'

78,97? ,8=-7* 77? 78 ;->--7 , - +,+ 78 ,;,>,7-7 - -= ,->>,78-7'

A7< -+, ;-7 ,,8 - ,< 78 +,+ - +, @-9, , - ., .-=?+ =; 78

,>,8 >,=, @ ., 8=,8 8=7? +, >,,7?'

P->-7? 8,7 ;,,7-7 78 , >,+-8 - ;,->7, @+7 +, @-9

,'

E7-=?7? ,>;-,7 S,< C->>,, @ ;,-> +, --@7? =7-7 +,8,;>,7 ,, :

O?7, 9/,=, -7 ,< 7 ,,< ,7, .< +, =,8 ;,-77, -7 ,?=

. -7, 7 @,,9 ;,,.< -7 ,,< S=8


18/156

C< -= . >-7+< I7,7 S,< I7;,-7 - +, ,7, -,7? T,> - -7,

-,/,7- =;,- @-9, ,;,,7,/ ,< ->>,, >,>.,) +,

--@7? ;, :""

H-=, K,,;7?

L?+7? 78 ,7-7

A8,=,7 '

P-,, -+7? 78 ,< ?, ,'

E, @7? 78 ,=;>,7' M, +787? ,=;>,7* ?, 78 >,+-8 ,>;-,7 - 7;,-7 -7

.-, =., 78 7 ., =,8 .< +, ,7,'

S+-; ,, ,< >,,7? , - ., +,8 -7, 7 >-7+ 78 +, ,-8 -

;-,,87?/;-7 - ., >77,8 7 ,?, 787? +, -7 9,7 78

--@ =;' I +, ;-7 8-, 7- ?, ,-,8 @+7 @- >-7+* +, >, +-=8 .,

9,7 =; 8,;>,7 ,, 7 D,;>,7 S,< C->>,, >,,7? @++ -

., +,8 -7, 7 @- >-7+'

T+, M7?, ->;7,8 .< +, S,< C->>,, M,>., - +, +-; @ -7+< S,< I7;,-7 - ,,< ,7,'

S,< ->>,, >,,7? 8,;>,7 ,, ->;7? - 7->7,8 >,>., -

,7, @ ., +,8 -7, 7 @- >-7+ - ,-, ;-7 -7 ,< @++ -=8 7-

., ,-,8 +-; ,, '

T+, ;-7 7 A;,B S,< C->>,, (=,< >,,7? ) >,,7? @ ., -7< +-, *

@++ -=8 7- ., ,-,8 +, +-;/ 8,;>,7 ,, 78 @++ , ,,7 -

+, ,< - ;,-77, 7 ?,7,'

A 7->7,8 >,>., - +, ,< ->>,, @ ., 7,8 7"+-=, .< +, ,7=, - +, >,,7? - ,< ->>,, , -

., ;,,,8 - 7;,-7 - +, F-< I7;,- -7 8,>78'

T+, .-, ->>,, +, .,,7 -7=,8 - = =-< ,=,>,7 78 -

,, 7 >;-7 -, 78 =7-7 ,,,< - ;=;-,= @-9, ;;-7'

MB>=> ,7-=?,>,7 @ ., ?,7 .< +, >7?,>,7 - ,;,,7, -S,< C->>,, - ;;, =< 7 +, 8+?, - +, 8=,' T+,

C->>,, >,>., ,, , ,B;,,8 - @-9 7 =7,8 78 8,8,8

>77, - .,,>,7 - +, D-9


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CHAPTER 4

SAFETY SYSTEMS

4'1' SAFETY DEPARTMENT

T+, ;>< =7-7 - +, S,< D,;>,7 - 8, 7 >777?

78 ;->-7? , 78 +,+< @-97? ,7-7>,7' T+, N D-97?,8 .< +, S,< D,;>,7 @++ +,8,8 .< GMT) 78 ,?+,,7

>7?,>,7 ' V-= S,< ->>,, +, S,< D,;>,7 7 +,

->=-7 78 ,B,=-7 - ,< ;-, 78 ;-,8=,'

4'2 TEN POINT SAFETY HEALTH MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

T+, D-9


20/156

A8,7 R,;-7? I7,?-7 78 A7>,, 7=8, :

A;,B S,< C->>,,

L- S,< C->>,,

D,;>,7 ,< ->>,,

I7 88-7* ,< >, , - 8=,8 ,7- >7?,>,7 ,,* >,,7?*

@++ , +,8 .< +, C+>7 - +, S,< C->>,,'

G-=; 8=-7 , - +,8 ,?=< .-+ -> 78 7-> -=

->>,,* ,< >,,7? 78 8=-7 , +,8 - +?+?+ ;-.,> , 78

,->>,78 ,>,8 >,=,'

4'4 SAFETY EDCATION AND TRAINING

C->;,+,7, 78 ==,8 ,< ,8=-7 ;-?> , ;-8,8 -

D-9;-;- ,,

@+- , 7,8 - +78, 8 , ?+7? /,=;>,7' R,?= =;87?

- 97-@,8?,* ; 8,>-7-7 7 , ?+7? -78=,8 .< +, ,"?+7?

8,;>,7 - +, B>=> ,,* +,, =7, +-=8 ., 8,7,8 78

,>,8,8 >>,8,< 8=7? @-9 ;-,,' S,< 7;,-7 , ,8 -=,?=< 78 7?,7>,8, >,=, ,

9,7 - ,< 7< =7, -78-7 78 ;, -.,,8'

D,;>,7 S,< C->>,, I7;,-7 ,8 -= -7 .">-7+< .'

-. - =."-7- ,7??,8 .< +, 8,;>,7 , - +,9,8 8=7? +,,

7;,-7'


21/156

4'! SAFETY HAND #OOK :

T+, S,< H78#--9 ,,,7, .--9 @++ >= ., --@,8 .< ,,., - 8,7 7 +, ;, ,7?,>,7* =;,-

78 @-9,* 78 - --@ , ;-,8=, 7 ,8=7? @-9 ,,8 8,7'

4'% SAFETY PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITY :

S,< @,7, ;->-,8 .< >,7 - +, --@7?'

S,< P-, :

S,< ;-, 8,;7? -= +8* ,< =, 78 ,?=-7* , @-9

;-,8=, , 8;;,-7 :

T- ;->-, ;;-7 - ,>;-7?,>,7* S-?7 C->;,-7

.,7? +,8 8=7? S,< W,,9 C,,.-7'

S,< S=??,-7 S :

S,< S=??,-7 S - ,7-=?, ;;-7 - ,>;-


22/156

A = ,8?,8 >,8 ,> 7 ,787, 8=7? 7-> @-9 +-= 78 >,8

-, @+ ,=, 8=7? - +-= - ,787? - 7< @-9 ,,8 7=,

@+ = ,8?,8 8;,7< '

F=+, >,8 7, ,=-7,8 -> 7,.< ?-,7>,7/>=7;

+-; @+7 ,+ - 2 9> -> +, ,7 =+ ,< .,* @,87? +,8* ?-??,* , 9,* ;-7 78

,>9 , =,8 - ,7 8, ,>;-- 8,7* 78,7 , .,7? 7,?,8 78 =., ,>,8 >,=,

=??,,8 - >;,>,7-7 - ;,,7 ,=,7,'

A +, 8,7 , 7,8 >,=, =??,,8 -;,,7 ==, 8,7 '

F- >B>=> ,,* =7, +-=8 ., 8,7,8 78 ,>,8,8 >>,8,, -7,'

7-7-., -78-7 : A8,7 -= 8=, - =7, 78 ;,7? =7,

-78-7 7 @++ .-+ +, 78 -78-7 @+,7 77- ., -7-,8 ,= 7 7=7;,7 78,7 =7? >, 8>?, - 7=< - ;,-77,'

E>;-,7 I7=< : M,7 ;,-7 7=< - 7 ,>;-;-,7'

S,-= N=, A8,7 : >,7 7 8,7* @++ >< ,= 7 --@7?'

I>>,8, - - 7< ; - .-8< - 7< >. - ; +,,-'

A7< 7=< .< @++ .-8< ; ?, ,,8 78 ,87? -

* ,> ,'

F'

T+, D7?,-= O=,7, : " , 8,7,8

#=7? - ,, =,8 - -777? ,> =78, ;,=, ?,, +7

>-;+, ;,=,* -+, +7 ;7* @++ ->, @+7 +, -;, - +, I787

#-, A

C-;, - =, - 7,* 8,9 @7+* )* +- - -+, ;;7, =,8 7

7?* -@,7? ;,-7* ?--8* - 7< ; +,,-* - +, -,=77? - 7,'

EB;--7* ,* .=7? -=* ,9?, - ,;, - 7< >-,7 >,* +- =8* - ?

=7? .-8< 7=< - 7< ;,-7 - 8>?, - 7< ; - ;--7 - +, -< 7

@++ ;,-7 , ,>;-?, - 7< ;7 />+7,< />,'

EB;--7 - ,,, - -77, =,8 7 7< ;-,* - - -?, ;,=,

?,, +7 >-;+, ;,=,* - 7< ? - 7< ?, 7=87? ) - 7>,8, >,8 8 @+ -> NSO'! S;,>,7

;;,78B A - + +;,)


28/156

R,;-7? - ;-,* D M?, ,' 7 +, ,,7 - ,-= 8,7 -

8,+ 8=, - 8,7 78 ->;,7? -= ->, ;, ,?=-7 78 +,

F-, A'

R,;-7? - +, D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+ DISH)* M++'

S=.>7? 8,,8 ,;- - +, D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+*

M++ -7 F-> 24 ' S;,>,7 ;;,78B # - + +;, )

T+, ,;-7., @+ ,?8 - +, .-, -7 , 8,7,8 7 +,

=,,87? ;?;+'

I>>,8, M,8 A8' : O7 -=,7, - 7 8,7 +, --@7? -7 +-=8

., 9,7 .< +, 7"+?, - +, ,> - , +, , - +, 788= :"

R=+ +, 788= - +, D-9,7* 78 7,

- +, , - +, +-; +, ,,* ,=,8'

I7-> +, -7,7,8 M7?, - +, C,7, - D,;>,7 O, 7 +?, '

T+, M7?, - D,;>,7 -, +-=8 7-> +, GM/HOD -7,7,8 78

GMR) @+- 7 =7 @ 7-> +, ASD'

O.7 7,,< 77 7, ,=,8 -> A/DGM PA) -> 7-7"

;=. =78 - 7< ,>,?,7< ,>,7'

R,;-7? - C P-,'

T+, M7?,/D,;>,7 O, -7,7,8 + 7-> +, C+,

S,=< O, >>,8,< -7 -=,7, - +, 8,7 @+- @ 7?, -

;-, - ->, - +, ,7, - 8,7 78 ->;,, 7,,< ->, =+

7? FIR* P7+7> ,' T+, C+, S,=< O, @ - =.,=,7< -.7

-;, - +,, 8-=>,7 -> +, ;-, 78 -@8 +,> - +, -7,7,8

M7?, - ;;-;, -7'

R,;-7? - +, D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+'

I >78-< + ,-= 78,7* 8,7 ., ,;-,8 - +, D,- -

I78= S,< 78 H,+ @+7 Q-=Q +-= - -=,7,' T+ =-,7 78 + - ., ->;,8 @+' F--@7? ;-,8=, @ ., --@,8 7 ==,

- ,7=, ->;7, @+ + ,=,>,7:"

T+, M7?, /D,;>,7 O, @ ,78 ,,?> - +, D,- I78=

S,< 78 H,+ DISH) C->>,, C,7,* T8,-* M=>."400 034* 78 +,

>, >, 7-> +> -7 ,,;+-7, N- 4$42230 - ,?87? -=,7, - +,8,7'

T+, M7?,/D,;>,7 -, @ - 7-> +, PM* A/DGMPA)*

A/DGMHR) 78 MIES - +, .-, -=,7, - > -7 .-, .< +,>'

T+, PM @-=8 - ,< @+ +, -7,7,8 M7?, + +, 7->-7 + .,,7

->>=7,8 - +, DISH' T+,, >< ., 8=;-7 - ,-* .= @ ,7=, +

+,, 7- ; =; 7 8,7? @+ =-< ,?=-7 @++ -=8 -+,@, ,8 -

=, 78 ,? ;-,,87?'


29/156

A, +, .-, 7 -7 + .,,7 9,7 .< +, M7?, / D,;>,7 O,*

-+, -7 @ ., --87,8 .< +, P,-77, M7?,'

T+, M7?, @ =7+ 8,,8 ,;- -7 +, 8,7 - PM -7 F-> NSO ! 78

F-> 24 7 -87, @+ F-, A'

T+, P,-77, M7?, @ 9, 7,,< -7 7 -87, @+ R=, 115 - +,

M++ F-< R=, 1$63 - 7-> -7,7,8 =+-,' F=+, --@

=; -7 -7 =+ , @ ., 7,8 .< +, PM 78 +, M7?,/D,;>,7

-, @ ,78, 7< 7, ,=,8 .< PM 7 ,B;,8-=< 8,7? @+ =+

,'

V .< +, D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+'

T+, D,- - I78= S,< 78 H,+ - 7< -, 8,;=,8 .< +>

@ +, ,=, +, .,,7 --@,8' I >;-7 + +, , @,

--87,8 @+7 +, +,

D,-/I7;,- - ,7, +, D-9;,-7 - ,=< ;-,8=, =+ =, - ,7 ;, +, F-< A' I7 , - 7< 7, ,=,8 A

/DGMHR')/*A /DGMPA)*/MIES >< ., -7,8'

F--@ =; A-7 :

A 8>7, -7 ;,77? - ;,7 - ->;,7-7 ,B"?

;;.,* ;,7-7 .,7, *7>-7 - +, 7,B - 97 ,* 8=, - 8,+/;,>7,7

8.< , - ., 9,7 .< +, PM -7 ;-< .'

A 8>7, ;,-7 7->-7 ,?87? +, 8,7 > - .,

7>,8 .< +, PM - +, #-8 P,8,7 7 +, ,,7 - #-8 - I7=< '

C-78= - R-=7, I7;,-7/I7,?-7 - 8,7 .< +, D,- -

I78= S,< 78 H,+'

MIES - -?7,/, +, /7;,-7 .< DISH - +, @-9

,7,/@-9 , 8=7? +, 77= 7;,-7 78 8,7 ,' T+, CLO 78 +,

S,7- S,< O, , - ->;7< +,>' M7?, - +, -7,7,8 ,7, ,,=,8 - ;-8, +, 7,,< 7, ,=,8 '

T7;-'

D-9 +, C+>7 S,< C->>,,/MIES +- 7-, @+ ,,,7, -

7;,-7 / .< DISH


30/156

M,7,-= R,=,>,7 :

R,7,@ - -< ,7, 78 >7,77, - =-< ,-8 @+ ,,,7, -

+, F-< A @ ., +, ,;-7.< - +, P,-77, M7?, @+- @

M7?, - +, D-9-7 - -= ,=7 ,7=7? ,< >,=, / ;,=-7

78 >7,77, - ,-8 @+ ,,,7, - +, .-, ,=,>,7 , .-=?+ -

+, 7-, - +, -7- ;- - @87? - +, -7' A =, - + ,,

., 7=8,8 7 +, -7'

A-7 O=8, W-97? H-='

I7 >;-7 - ; 011% - DYSO $2* +, DDO - ,7=, + +,

,; 78,8 7 ; 3 - 5 .-, , ,;-,8 - -7 .< +, ,;,,

8,;>,7 -, 78 @,7 ,;- ,78,,8 - ASD +-=?+ A/DGM PA) +,

7,B >-77?'

6'3 INVESTIGATION :

A 8,7 , - ., 7,?,8 78 ,;- -@8,8 - +, S,,7 .< M7?,/S' S=;,- ;, D-9,7 + >77 ,-8 - 7,?-7 78

,->>,78-7'

6'4 ANALYSIS

A 8,7 @+ 8,* ,;-,8 - +, S,< D,;>,7 , 7,8 -7 =??,,8 - .7?7?

8-@7 +, 8,7 78 8, 7 .,, @-9 >,+-8 .< =7? S,< ,=;>,7'

6'5 FOLLOW P

T+, M7?, >= ,7=, + +, ,->>,78-7 , ;->;< >;,>,7,8'

S,< C->>,, - ,7=, + ,->>,78-7 , ->;,8 78 >;,>,7,8

+, ,, - + ,=,7, - > 8,7 @ 7- 9, ;, 7 ==,'

A 8,7 + ., ,7,,8 7 +, 8,7 ,?,'


31/156

CHAPTER !

SAFETY CODE FOR S#" CONTRACTORS

!'1 D-9,7 8, ,-7 2) - +, F- +-=8 9, +, --@7? -7

- , +, , - +, 788= :""

I ;-., ?, 8/CPR ,=,8'

I ,=,8 78 ;-., - >.=7,'

A,7,< + 788= 7=,8) - D-9,7

.< M,8 O, -7 8=< '

I7-> +, -7,7,8 M7?, - +, ,7, / D,;' >>,8,


35/156

A' M7?, - +, -7,7,8 D,;>,7 @ ., +, ?-=; --87- -

97? +, ,>,?,7< 8=, - ,' F--@7? , +, -7 - ., 9,7:

S@+ - E, S=;;< 78 +-= F,*F,* F, - ,7-7

EB7?=+ , @+ ;;-;, , ,B7?=+,

I7-> F, #?8, P+ N-' 1440/1441)

E=, ;,-77, ;;,8 7 +, ,

I7-> M,8 O, P= ., 7, >>., >,

I7-> M7?, 78 S,7- O,

%'3 ELECTROCTION:

A00'0*a* Maa.+! o */+ coc+!+" D+,a!*%+* 2'll &+ */+ .!o$,

coo!"'a*o! o! *ackl'. */+ +%+!.+c "$+ *o El+c*!oc$*'o3 Follo2'. a!+ */+

ac*'o0 *o &+ *ak+4

S@+ - E, P-@, S=;;< I 7,,< 8>7, CPR C8- P=>-7< R,=-7)

I7-> M,8 O,

E=, > - 8;,7 M7?, 78 S,7- O,'

%'4 ACID /ALKALI #RN :

A7 M7?, - +, -7,7,8 8,;>,7 @ ., +, ?-=; --87- -

97? +, ,>,?,7< 8=, - A8 /A9 #=7' F--@7? , +, -7 - ., 9,7:

D,7+ > @+ -;-= @, -7 +, ,,8 ;--7

I-, +, > -> +,>

I7-> M,8 O,

E=, > - D;,7


36/156

I-, >

D=, +,> .,-, -@ - 87

T9, ;,=-7 - +78, +,>

I7-> M,8 O,

I7-> M7?, 78 S,7- O,


37/156

CHAPTER $

FIRST AIDGENERAL

F 8 ;>< ,>;-< >,=, - , +, 8,,--7 - +,> -78-7 +, > ?, +, ;-;, 78 >,< >,8 ,7-7 7 +, ,,7

- 7 8,7' T+ 8 7- =.=, - ,>,7 .< =,8 8-- @+- >=

., -=?+ -7,'

$'1 INSTRCTIONS TO RENDER FIRST AID

G+, 7->-7 - +-@ +, 8,7 - 7, >, .-='

L--9 -= - ?7 =+ @,7?* .,,87?* >>-.< ,'

C+,9 @+,+, +, > ,, +.7, ,'

P< ;, ,7-7 - ,,, .,,87?* =, - .,+7? 78 +-9' A7?, - ;,,8< ,>- - +, > - ;-;, >,8 , =7 '

$'2 DOS AND DONT S OF FIRST AID

D- +7? =97, ,;-7* ,=,8* 78 -77=, +, 8-- ,'

T, - +-9'

#-- =; +, >-, - +, > - ,,7 + 7B,< 78 - ,=, +>'

A-8 -@87? -=78 +, > ,+ ,,7'

D- 7- ,>-, -+,* =7, ,,7'

D- 7- < - +,, -- >=+'


38/156

$'3 FIRST AID FOR SPECIFIC ACCIDENTS OR ILLNESS

TREATMENT FOR SHOCK

R,=, +, = ->;7 - +* ; - @,* ,* -,, - -+, =8 .= 7- -+-)

>< ., ?,7'

D- 7- ?, 7 +, - 8--'

T+, ,,8 -7 +-=8 7- ., 9,; --,'

I ;-., ,,, +, ,,8 -7'

EB;-, +, -7 78 ;;< > .78?,'

W, +, .78?, @+ -8 @, 78 9,,; @,'

TREATMENT FOR WOND ACCOMPANIED #Y #LEEDING

P, +, =< 7 =., ;--7* .,7? 7 >78 + .--8 ,;, @+ ,

-, @+,7 +, ;,7 78 , @+,7 +, ;,7 , 8-@7'

E,, +, .,,87? ;* ,B,; 7 +, , - =,8 >.'

EB;-, +, @-=78* ,>-7? , -+7? ;-.,'

D- 7- 8=. 7< .--8 - ,8< ->,8'

R,>-, 7< -,?7 ;, @++ , ., 78 7 ., ,< ;9,8 -= - @;,8

- @+ ;,, - ,7 8,7?'

A;;< 78 >77 ;,=, 8,< @+ +, +=>.* 7?, - I78,;,7? 7 ,< ;,=, ;-7 - .< +, =, - -7, .78?,'

A;;< 8,7?* ;8 78 .78?,'

I>>-., +, 7=,8 ;'

TREATMENT FOR #RNS AND SCALDS

A-8 +787? +, ,,8 , >-, +7 7,,-, .=7 -+7? 78 8- 7- .,9 .,'


39/156

C-, +, , @+ ,8< >8, .=7 8,7? .,* -+,@, ,7 ?=, -

7 - ,+< =78,,8 7,7 - ->, > >, >< ., =,8'

#78?, >< ,B,; @+,7 ., , ;,,7 - =;,,8 7 @++ , .78?,

?+7- ,* ?, ?, =7, - @> =8 ;,,.< @,9 , @,,,7,8

@+ =?'

TREATMENT FOR ACID AND ALKALI #RNS

T+--=?+< @+ +, .=7 ; @+ @,'

I .=7 8=, - 8* .+, +, ; ,,< @+ 7 97, -=-7 =+ @-

,;--7 - .97? -8 - @+7? -8 7 ;7 - @,' I .=7 8=, - 9*

.+, +, ; ,,< @+ @,9 8 -=-7 7,? - ,>-7 =, 8=,8 @+

7 ,= =7< - @,'

A;;< +, ?,7, =, - +, ,>,7 - .=7 .-, .= ,>-, 77,8 -+7? >>,8,< - ;,,7 =+, 7= 78 8=< 7 .,+7?* 8>7,

,;-7 -7,'

T=7 +, , - -7, 8,* ,, + +, ;?, ,,* ,>-, +, -=>* 7-, -> +>= ?, - >;=, >-;+,,' O;,7 @78-@ 78 8--' K,,;.9 -@8 78 ,>-, , ,,+ ;-,,8)'

I .,+7? + -;;,8 - ;;, - ., 7?* =7 +, =< 7- ;-7, ;--7

78 ,;-7'

I .,+7? 7- 7-< < +, =< -7 + .9 @+ +, +,8 78 +-=8,

?+< ,8 78 =;;-* 78 =7 +, +,8 - -7, 8,' #, ;,;,8 - >-8< +,

;--7* .,+7? .,->, 8= - -.=,8'

I .,+7? 7-< .=..7? +-=?+ ,,-7) =7 +, =< 7- +, +,,"

=, ;-7, ;--7' S=;;- +> 7 + ;--7 @+ ;8 7 -7 - +, +, -

8@ =; +, =;;, 97,,' I +, =< -7 ,+,* , +, -- - +, ,+,

- +,; - 87 ,,-7 -> +, =7?'

78- ?+ -+7? .-= +, 7,9* +, 78 @'

A;;< +, ;, ,>,7 - +, -78-7 + + =,8 =7-7-=7,'

W; 7 .79, .= 8- 7- ;;< +,'

D- 7- ,, +, =< =7 +, =< + .,,7 ;,8 7 +?, - ,;-7.,

;,-7' K,,; -77=-= 78 ,= @+ - 7< +7?, 7 + -78-7'

D- 7- ,>; - ?, --8 - =8 @+, +, =< =7-7-='

R,>-, - +,, -7 ,+, --7 ;-.,'


40/156

W+,7 =< ,=7 - -7-=7, >-,7 +, ; @+ @,' 7, 7

.8->7 7=< =;,,8 ; - @, >< ., ?,7 > ->;7 - +'

$'4' TREATMENT FOR POISONS

G,7, =, - +, ,>,7 - ;--77? ,:"

R,>- - +, ;--7

S97 - ,7,8 ,' W+,

,>-7? -+7? @+ +, 97 @+ -; - 8,,?,7' F- ,,): R,>-, +, =< ->

+, -7>7,8 >-;+,,* ,7 -= +, @


41/156

?' I7,7-= =8 9, 5 ?=-,* 7-> 7,* ?=-, 7, - ;>*

;> ,B;78, - .--8 7=-7'

P,,, - ,B>7-7

' A7< ,>77? ;--7'

' A7< .-B* -7* .-, - -+, -77, @++ >< +,; - 8,7< +, ;--7'' A7< -> >,'

$'5' TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC POISONS

ACIDS

D- 7- >9, +, =< ->' G, ;,7< - @, - >9 8=, +, 8' D-

7- =, ->+ =., ;,--7 >< -='

ETHYL ALCOHOL

O.,, +, ?,7, =,'

METHYL ALCOHOL

O.,, +, ?,7, =,'

ALKALIS/AMMONIA

D- 7- >9, +, =< ->' G, ;,7< - >9 - @, - 8=, +, 9' I

7,,< ?, 7,? - ,>-7 =,* 8* @, 8=,8 7 @, - 7,=, +,

9' L,* ?, .-= 100 >' - ,8., - - .=,' R,,, ;7 78 , +-9'

ALKALOIDS

O.,, ?,7, =,' , =7, 78-,'

#EN&ENE AND DERIVATIVES

I 7+,8* ,>-, =< -> -7>7,8 >-;+,,' I .,+7? + ,,8*

?, ,;-7 --@,8 .< 8>7-7 - -B


42/156

CYANIDES

P, 7 -;,7 7 ,=>.,7 ;--7'

R,>-, -7>7,8 -+7?'

M77 ,;-7'

I 7?,,8* 78=, ->7? .< 97? +, .9 - +- .< 7?,'

G, >


43/156

NAPTHALENES

I78=, ->7? @+ '

, 8,>=,7" >9* ,?? @+,

, S>=7

, LB,

PHOSPHORS

I7-?7 F, @-9* >+, 78 ->, ;--7)'

) M9, +, =< ->

) G, @, -;-=< @+ ;-.,* ,@ 7?7, - ;-+'

) D- 7- ?, -'

O?7 O,?7-";+-;+,* ;,8, ;?' -;7, I'M' ,,< + 7 +-= =7

;-> , ,,,8 78 ?7 - -;7-7 ;;,'

) I78=, ->7? 78 @+ +, ->+ 7?,,8'

) S-8=> - >?7,=> =, 3" ?>'* 7 200 > - @,

) G, OB


44/156

I7 , - ? ;--77?* +, 8--'

R,>-, +, > - ,+ '

P= +, > -7 .,8 7 ->-., ;--7'

T=7 +, , - -7, 8,* ,, + +, ;?, ,,' R,>-, +, ;==> 7< .,7 +,, ;--7 - >,, - 7,,8

78 - 7 ;-;, ,=-7 - 788= ,'

T+, PMO - D-9,8 ,B>7-7 - @-9,'

10'2 S==, - +, >,8 ,B>7-7:

T+, ;,"?7>,7 >,8 ,B>7-7 - @-9, @+-, @-9 9,< - 7-, +,>

7 ,B;-=, - =+ ,7-7>,7 +-=8 7=8,:

A , +-< @++ 7=8, +, -=;-7 +-< - +, @-9, @+ 7,>;+ -7 +, ,;-< 78;,-= -=;-7 ,B;-=,'

A ?,7, ;+7-7'

A88-7 , 7,,< - 8?7- ;=;-,* ;=< 7 +?+ 9 ?-=;

- @-9,'

T+, ;,-8 >,8 ,B>7-7 - ,B;-=, +-=8 7=8,:

A ., >,8 78 -=;-7 +-


46/156

T+, ;,-8 >,8 ,B>7-7 + ., ,8 -= -7, 7 7,* >< ., 8,., - ;,., ;;-;, >,=,

- -78-7 7 -8, - ,< +, @-9, 7, - ;= -.'


47/156

CHAPTER 11

GOOD HOSEKEEPING

11'1 A ,7 78 -8,< @-9 ,7-7>,7 , +, -7, - +, ,7,

,.+>,7' G--8 +-=,9,,;7? ,7-=?, ?--8 @-9 +. 78 .-- =;>-,' I - .? - 7 8,7 ;,,7-7' P-- +-=,9,,;7? ;->-,

;-- >-, 78 ,,7,' H-=,9,,;7? ;-, - +,, ;,'

O;,-7 - >+7, =7, ;,,8'

R,>- - >+7, ?=8

, - 8,,, - >9,+ -- - ,=;>,7

O,-87?* -,-@87? .8 -?, - +787?

W-97? =78, =;,78,8 -8* 7, -;,7 ++,* 87? -8 ,7? ;7

+8'

R,;7? - 8=7? ,=;>,7 7 >--7* =78, ;,=,* ,,< +?,8 -

-777? 87?,-= >,'

F=, - =, ;,-7 ;-,, ,=;>,7 ,'?' +,>,* ,;-* ,8, .< +, ,>;-77 +,> 7 ?--8 -78-7'

L-,7? -=78 -;,7? =7 ;-+.,8 >,'

R,;- ;->;< 7< =-7 ,7? +, ,< - ;-7? 7-B7 78, +, 8-9;-;7? - ,7, - ,,'

R,?= , 7- - ., =,8 =;;-7? 8,,' #, -

8=> +-=8 7- ., =,8 - 78 -7 - - =;;-7? -8 - - 7< -+,

>9, + ;=;-,'

E>;-;,,8 - ,7 +, -+7? +,< , @,7? 78

>= 7,, ;-7 +-, -@8 ,-@ ,>;-;-= 7?, >,,8 8 78 - ;->;< 7-> +, >>,8, =;,- - +, 7=,8

,>;-


49/156

11 ' 4 ENVIRONMENTAL

FRESH AIR

T+, --@7? =7-7 , ,< >;-7 78 , ,=,8 - ., +,,8 .<

-7,7,8 - ,7=, +,+, 78 .,, @-97? -78-7:

T- =;;< =,7 =7< - ,+ @-9 ;,'

T- =7->< 8.=, +, +-=?+-= +, @-9 ,7, 78 -+, @-9 ;,'

T- ,7=, + >-;+,, -=78 ,-7.< ->-.,'

T- ,>-, +, -7>77 -> +, @-9 ,7-7>,7'

T- ,7=, + +, --> ,>;,=, + 7- 7,, .,-,>,7 - , %0 >,, ;, >7=, - ., ;-8,8

T- +,, +, .-, @-97? -78-7 +, --@7? >< ., ,7=,8 7 @-9 ;,

N= V,7-7

P,=, +,8 +-=?+ @78 -7'

T+,> +,8

C+>7,< ,,'

T+, ,, 78 ,,, >,+-8 - -,7 .=87? - ;,7? @78 78

- +, =,7< ?, -;,77? -7 +, @78@8 78 ,,@8 @' R--

,7-7 7,,< @+,7 ;7 ,B,,8 20 >,,'

M,+7 V,7-7

M,+7 ,7-7 7 ., ,>;-77 ,-7., -78-7 - ->-' W >-=7,8 -7? 7 - ., ;,,,8

- ,7? 7' T+, >-=7 - ,+ =;;,8 .< >,7 - >,+7 ,7-7 7 7

+-=

+ ., , B >, - =. ;< - @-9 ;,/--> 78 + ., 8.=,8

,,7< +-=?+-= +, @-9 ;,/,'

EB-7 S


50/156

EB+= ,7-7 .< ;-;,, 7

T+, 7, -;,77? +-=8 ., , 3 >, 8 , - 7'

T+, -;,77? 7, +, ,B+= 7 +-=8 ., -,8 - ;,,7 +- =7?'

S=., +,8 +-=8 ., ;-8,8 - ,B+= 7 - ;-, -> 7 ,'

C->.7,8 ;,7=> 78 ,B-7 , =,8 - +, .,, -7-'

L- EB+= V,7-7

L- ,B+= ,7-7 >= ., ,7=,8 7 @-9",7, @+,,

,,-;7?/=, ;,,-7 @-9 ,8 -=' T+ - ., ,7=,8 .< 8,=,

;--7* >7,77, - ,B+= .< +--8 -, - +, -=,79)* 8=97?

78 ,B+= 7'

ILLMINATION'

W-9 ,7, , - ., =.< =>7,8 8,;,787? =;-7 +, * M7 ,77,* ,B*


51/156

R-8* C@9 - -=8-- ;7* 20

S-?, ,'

.' P?,@ - ?,

>,* P->* -=8-- ;7*

#,>,7'

' E7?7, --> / #-, -->* E,- 100

C-7, - 7,>,* L-9 --> * -,* 78 @+ .7

I7 88-7 - +, .-, --@7? ,->>,78,8

SR'' N=, - @-9 EB>;, >7>=> 7

I=>7-7 7 =B

1) 2) 3) 4)

1' @+,, 8>7-7 H787? - >, 50

- 8, 7- - -, 7=, ?787?

,,7 - < ;-8='

2' W+,, ?+ P-8= - ,> 7+,8 100

8>7-7 - -7 ; -=?+ ,>.7?* ?787?*

3' W+,, >-8,, M,8=> ,>., -=?+ 200

8>7-7 - .,7+ @-9* 7;,-7

8, ,,7 ,7? ;-8=

4' W+,, -, M,8=> 78 .,7+ @-9* 300

8>7-7 - -- ?787? *@,87? =. 8, ,,7 ,>.,* 87?* ,7?'

5' W+,, 8>7-7 F7, ,>.,* 7, .,7+ 500

- 7, 8, 7-,8 >+7, @-9* 7, 7;,-7

=78, 8,?,, - 7, ;-+7? * 7, @--8 @-97?

@-9 - -7? ;,-8

6' W+,, 8>7-7 EB 7, ,>.,' F7, 1000

- ,B,>,< 7, 7;,-7* ,7? * 7,

8, 7-,8 =78, 7=>,7* @+ ,;7?

-78-7 @++ ?, 7 ;97?* ;-- ,87?'

EB,>,< ;--

C-7 - -7? ;,-8


52/156

CHAPTER 12

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE E(IPMENT

E>;-,7 =+ ?-,* ,< +-,* -,* +,>,* ?-??, ,'I >;-7 + =-< ,=,>,7 - +, @,7? - ;-,, -+7?

78 ,=;>,7 7 ,7 +8-= -=;-7 ., -.,,8' N,,< 7=-7 78

-8, , ;=.+,8 -,,< -> >, - >,* 78 8, - F-< I7;,-*

@+,7,, ;;., +-=8 ., -=?+ ;;-;,' I7 -8, - ,7=, 8,=,

;-,-7 - @-9, ,>;-;>,7 - 7 -+, +,,,8 ;, -

8=7? -B;-7? -. ,,,8 --7 @+,, 8,=, ;-,-7 ?7

7? 7- .,'

12'2 H,8 P-,-7 " A ,>;-, @+, @-97? 7, @+,, +, -./,7-7>,7 8,>78 +,8 ;-,-7' S,< +,>, - =+

;,-77, +, .,,7 ;-8,8 .< +, D-9, 78 +,

-+7,< =777? +?+ ;,,8'

N- -7,* =7=,8 + < - ,>-, -,?7 .-8< -> +, ,


53/156

12'6 CP TYPE / CHIPPERS GOGGLES'

7? +>>, - 8-7? 7< -+, @-9 7-7? >, - >, - >; .,@,,7

7< +8 -.,'

7? ?787? @+,,* .=7? >+7,* - 7< -+, ., -- G-??, ,

,=,8 ,,7 +-=?+ ? ?=8 , ;-8,8')

C+;;7?* =7?* +,7?* .,97? - 87? >, >, - >-7, @+ ,+, +78 -- - >,+7 --'

7? 7 78 -+, .9>+ --* ,+, >,+7 - +, +78 ;,8 =, =78, ,=;>,7 =+ >-- ,+,* >+7, ,'

7? ;9 B - -+, =+ -- -7 -8@,7 ,'

H787? --, .,- - 7=7? >,'

O;,7? ,>,7 ?=7'

7? ;7 ;< ?=7'

W-97? @+,, =* 8=* 78 - -+, -,?7 -., , .-@7? .-=* ;,;,B 78 +- .7? -7 +; += ;- - ;77?'

W-9 ,=7? =, - G-??, @+ ;, --,8 ,7

W,8,* ? =, 78 ,>;- + @, ?-??,

,=;;,8 @+ +, ;;-,8 --,8 ,7 - -8 , +, +>= ,, @+ ;-;, ? >9 @+,7,, 7,,< -

@-9 @+,, -B ?, - ;- , ;,,7'

I +-=8 ., ,>,>.,,8 + ?,* -+, +7 * , +>= - +=>7 .,7?

7+,8 7 +?+ -7,7-7' T+, -7 - +,, ?, >< ., ,8 ,+,

;+


54/156

W, 8= - =>, ,;- ,=,8'

E>;-9 , -,8 7 @-9 ,* 78 +-=8 ,7

+-@ - =, +,> ;-;,


55/156

O7< ,;-< ;-,, ,=;>,7 ;;-,8 78 ;,.,8 - ;, ;=;-,

+-=8 ., =,8'

A ;=


56/156

PART : 3ENGINEERING


57/156

PRODCTION OPERATION

CHAPTER 13

STAGING AND WORKING AT HEIGHT

S=,7 =;;< - ,=, >, 78 ;;7, + ., ., 7 -7,7,7 ;, - +, -7=-7 - ?7?'

A ;79 78 -+, >, 78 ;;7, 7,78,8 - ., =,8 - ,=,8 -?7? + ., ,=< ,B>7,8 .< ,7- =;,-/A'M7?, .,-, .,7?

9,7 7- =, 7 7< ?7?'

S?7? ;79 +-=8 ., - ?--8 @--8 - - 7< ,=,7 =< 78 +-=8 7- .,, +7 2!'5 CMS @8+ 78 6'5 CMS +97,'

T,,* ;79 78 88, , - ., 9,; 7 ?--8 -78-7* 78 -=78 8,,,, =,* +-=8 ., ,;,8'

S?7? ;79 >= ., 8 ,,7< 7 +, >, +--7 ;7,* 78 +, ,78 >= .,,=,< +,8'

D=, - +, 7=, - @-9* ,-7 - +, ?7? >< .,->, 7,,;, -. 9,-8"7, >97?* ;77?* 87? , +-,* .=77? - ,* =7? - +, ;,

- 7? @,87? +, , +,8'


58/156

F- 8= -. 9, +787? - +, +;8, ;, ,>- - ,7,@)* =97? -+, ,> 78 ,7? ,' +, ?7? @8+ +-=8 7- ., , +7 +,, ;79

@8+ !5 CMS) -7? +, ;, ;--7 - +, +; +='

T+, ;, @+,, +, +; -7-= +7?, ;8< 7, +, .-@ 78 +, ,7 - +,+; - 8= +787? - -. +, ?7? +-=8 ., , - -= ;79 @8+

110 CMS)' I >< ., >-, 8,;,787? -7 +, -. 7 +78'

W+,7,, ?7? ,=,8 - ., =;,78,8 -> +, +; >7 7?* ;,,7-7 +-=8 ., ;8 - +, ,7?+ - +, =;,78,8 =;;- +-, - +, ?7?

;79' T+,, +-, >= >< , ?7 +, +; 8, ;,' T+, ;79 +-=8

., +,8 =; >< @+ +-,' T+, >, =,8 - +7? - +, ?7? -

=>- >;-7,* 78 +, =;,- 7 +?, +-=8 ,7=, + 788 +7?

>, @++ @-=8 9, +, 7 =;;,8 - ??, - =, -7? @+ -=,

?7? >,' A =;,- >= ,7=, + @-7 -= >, 7- =,8* ,,7

=;;,8'

P= , 7,,8 - ., ,B,,8 @+, ;,;7? +, 7-

8=>,7 -=78 7,,,7 -7 +, ?7? +-=8 ., ;-;,= +, +, ,< ., -7' A

88, ?7? , - + ?7? >= ., ;-;,< ,=,8 78 >= ., 7 ?--8

-78-7'

N- >-, +7 @- @-9>,7 +-=8 ?- -7 +, ?7? 8,.,8 .-,' 78, 7-=>7,* +, @-9>,7 -7 + ?7? +-=8 ., , =7,78,8 ,;,< @+,7

+, ,, 7 8< 8-9'

F- 7< -, +7 25 CMS =7, 7 , @+,, +, -7?=-7 - +, @-9 ;, =+

+ +, ?; +-=8 7,,< ., >-, - +, -7,7,7, - +, @-9' I7 =+ ,

?,, ?7, 78 ,< ;,=-7 -=78* , 7,, ;--7* - ,7,@* ,,7 + +, ;, ., 7+-,8 @+ 7= 78 .- 7- >-, +7 15 / 20 CMS

-7? 7 -8, - ;,,7 -> ;7?7? -= =88,7< 78 97? ?7 7< ;

- +, ?7?* +,,.< ,787?,7? +, @-9>,7 -7 +, ?7?'

L?+7? " MB>=> .< ,,7 .-+ - ?--8 @-9>7+; @, -,;-7 @+,7 +, ?7? =,8 7 8< 8-9'

S,< ., 78 , 7, : " S,< ., 78 +,>, +, .,,7 ;-8,8 7 =,7

=7, 78 +, 8=< - -, 78 =;,- - ,7=, + +,, ,7, >= +, -;,

=;,787? +, ?7? -7 +; 8, ; -, ,8?, - +; /+,7? ,8?,'

I7 , 7< ,-7 7 +, ?7? @-9 7,,< +, @-9 ;-?,,* +-=8 ., 8-7, ;-;,< @+ ,< -78,-7 7 ,@ 78 7< >9,+

7?,>,7 +-=8 ., -8,8'

D=7? ;--7?,8 -.* ,=,7 +,9 >= ., >8, -7 +, -78-7 - +, ?7?

- ,7=, + ,' I7 +; ,; @-9* 7- @ 7? -=78 +,

;79 ?7?' H-@,,* ;-., ,- >= ., >8, - , ?=8 -;, -7 +,

-=, ,8?, - +, +;8, ?7?* - ;-8, ;-,-7' P=< @+,7 @-9

.,7? ,8 -= -7 .-8 =.>7, ;-;, 7? - ?=8 -;, - ., ??,8

-=78 -7 +, =;;, 8,9 , - ;,,7 7< ;,-7 7? -,'

W+, @-97? -7 ,7- - +; =78, ,;* ;-;, ?7? + ., ,,,8- ,+ +, ;, - @-9* ,?8, - +, ,* 7=, 78 +, ,B,7 - @-9'

I +, -77?,7, , =+ + ,+, >97? - 787? -7 ; 7=,7--7? +8, .,->, >;,,* @--8,7 ;79 - , 30 CMS @8+ 78 2

>' L,7?+ + ., =,8 - @9 - - 78 -7 =+ ; +,, - -7 7< -+,., >,'

N-,: T+ @ 8.=, +, -8 ,,7< -, @8, , 78 +7, - @-9, 7?

+-=?+ 8=, - 97? - +, +,, @ ., ;,,7,8'

I +, @--8,7 ;79 =,8 - +-, ,7?+* , >= ., ,B,,8 - ,, + ;7 8,=,< 78 @, -, , @- ;, >,>., - +, ,, ==,*

=;;-7? =+ --7?'

A +, .-, ;,=-7 + - ., -.,,8 @+, 8-7? ;,">-7--7 ,77? -

+, A'C'C' --/-+, -- - +-; 7 N D-9,'

W+,7 +; 8, ;77? 78 ,; @-9 ?-7? -7* +, @-9, @-97? +,?+>= 7- ., ,=,8 - +-8 +, --* ;7 7 ,' @+ + +78' T+,, ,=;>,7

78 ,-, +-=8 ., 78,;,78,7< =;,78,8 - + +, @-97? +78 , ,,

- ,?=87? 78 =;;-7? +> 7 7 ,>,?,7?7=8, - -7,=,7,

+-=8 7- ., =8?,8 -> +, >7- 7=, - @-9 - +- 8=-7 - @++ +,-. ,=,8 - ., 8-7, - - +, ,+7 >;-7, - +, -.' A7< , 7--7

-7? +,, 7, -=8 ,8 - =7, >9,+ 7?,>,7* ,87? - 9 -

-78,-7 - ,< 78 8,7'


60/156

CHAPTER 14

SAFETY IN CONFINED SPACES

14'1 A -77,8 ;, 7< , + 7- 8,?7,8 - -77=-= +=>7 -=;7< +, -;;7? 8, =+ .7 - +-;;, +

,8 - =+,* =?, - ,-7' O+, +8 , -B


61/156

I-, 7->7? ;-8= 7,* 7,-77,,8 ,7 7, 78 - -77,-7 7,'T+ + ., 8-7, .< .797? +,7 - @+ .78 7?, - .< 8-77,7? +,>'

S+=7? - , ?,7,< @ ., =7=.,* 7, , >< ,9' T? +,>

;-;,?, - , ;;7? 78 79

7?' T79 / -77,8 ;, + ., ,>;,8 - +, >B>=> ;-., ,B,7* .,-,

8-77,7? 7,* ,'

C+,9* 79/;, =< 78 ,* 7-?,7 - 7< -+,7,=7? ?,7/-=-7 - .79,,8 @+ 7, ?, @++ @ 8,;,78 =;-7 +,

>, 7 79/;,* .,-, +- @-9 -78=,8'

T+, >7+-, -7 79 - ;, +-=8 ., 9,; -;,7,8 =7 ;,.,8 @-9 + .,,7->;,,8'

N- ;,-7 +-=8 ,7, 7 79/;, @+-= + >>,8, =;,- ;,>-7- @+-= 97? 7,,< ;,=-7 78,8'

T+, .=88< >= ., =,8* @+,7 -7, >7 ,7, 79/-77,8 ;,* -7,+-=8 ,>7 -= 8,' T+, -=8, >7 +-=8 ., ;+-, >7 -> 78, +, 79 7,,>=7, @+ +, >7 7 79* +, +-=8 7,?, >>,8,< 78

-.7 7,* 7,,9 ,;-) +-=8 7- ., =,8 7

79 - -77,8 ;, @+,, ;-., - -B ?, >< ., ;,,7 - >< -='

A @-9, +-=8 7- ,7, 79 + PPE -+7? -7 - 8>?,8 7 7< @-,8 - ,7, 79 +-=?+ ,,8 -;,77?' E=;>,7 + >-, =., +-=8 ., =,8 7

=+ =-7'

T+, -=8, >7 +-=8 9,,; ,-8 - >, + +, -+, @-9, ;,78 7 +,79' I +, 79 @-9, =,8 @+ , -77,8 ;;=* +, +-=8 .,

@7,8* @+,7 +, =;;< ;;-+, +, ;-7 @+,, +-=8 ., ,;,7+,8'

A @-9, ,7,7? 79 +-=8 ., ,=;;,8 @+ =., .-8< +7, - @++ ,7, +,8' T+, ,, ,78 - ,7, +-=8 ., ,=,8 - -77,8 B=,

-=8, +, 79 - + 77- ., 8@7 - 8-;;,8 +-=?+ >7+-,'

A .-9 78 9, +-=8 ., ;-8,8 - +, 79* @++ 7 ., =,8 .< +,,7 7 ,B,>, ,>,?,7


62/156

R,=, ,=;>,7 +-=8 ., 9,; -=8, +, 79* ,8< - =, >,'

I7 7 ,>,?,77 +-=8 7- ,7, +, 79 - -77,8 ;,* =7 +,+ .,,7 ,,,8 .< 7-+, =,8 ;,-7' T- -+, @-9, ,7-7*

;,7?,8 ?7* @+, - ->, >=7-7 7 ., =,8'

I >-, +7 -7, >7 , - @-9 7 79 - -77,8 ;,* +, 7=>., +-=8 .,9,; - +, .-=, >7>=> ;-.,'

14'5 F--@7? 7=-7 + ., < --@,8 @+, @,87? 78 =7? 7

-77,8 ;,: "

W,87? 78 =7? -;,-7 +-=8 7- ., ;,>,8 7 - 7, +, ;,* @++-77 >>., - ->.=., ;-=* =8* 8= - 78, +, 79 - -+,

-77, @++ +, +,8 =+ >,* =7 , 78 ,B;--7 +8 +,

.,,7 ,>7,8'

A +, =-=787? +-=8 ., +--=?+< ,7,8* 78 ,=,7 ? ,7?;-8,8'

L- ,B+= +-=8 ., ;-8,8 - ,>- - +8-= ?,* ;-= 78=>,'

T+, ,;,8 >,+-8 - ;,;7? 79 - 7< +- @-9 :

) R,>-, -=, - ?7-7 ',' -;,7 >,* =7?=8,8 ,, ?+ ,' -> +,

7< - +, 79/-77,8 ;,'

.) T, +, 79/-77,8 ;, - +, ;,,7, - >>., ;-= @+ ?

78-' T, - -B -7>77 78 - -B


63/156


64/156

CHAPTER 15

NOISE AND VI#RATIONS

15'1 E>7-7 - V.-7 78 N-,:

I7 78=, - +, =, - 8,7 - -

-=;-7 7=,' T+,, , - ., -7-,8 - ,>7, =7;,7 , ,,'

S->, - +, -7- ;-,8=, , ,7=>,,8 .,-@'

D,,>7, @+,+, 7 -;,-7* ;-, - ;,, - ,=;>,7 + 7-< 7 .,

-8,8 - ,>7,8 .< =, - =,, -7,' , ;, 7,8 - 8-; +>>,'

S,, 78 -;,, -7? 78 ,;-7? ,=;>,7 =+ ;=>;* 7* >--*

78 ;,,' , ?,* -@ -;,7? >+7, 7,8 - > -7, @+ +,

>, ;>,' I

@, +>>, 8-, ,B* ,;, @+ -@ 7? , - 7 =>=- -

,>7, +, ;-.,>'

M9, ,7 + +, ;;7? >< ,=,8 - ;,,7 7?'

P-8, 7-, .-.,7 77? -7 8= 78 >=, -7 -;,77? +-=?+ @++

>= ;'

E7=, + ;,-8 >7,77, >7>, .-7 78 7-, @++ >?+ .,

?,7,,8 .< 9,,;7? +, ,=;>,7 7 -78-7 @+,, ,, - +,* >;

78 > 7-, ?,7,7? >--7' R,;,* 8= 78 ?+,7 @-7* --, -

=7.7,8 >+7, ;'

L-, 7-< , 78 ,=;>,7 -> -+, -;,-7'

15'2 ELIMINATION OF NOISE VI#RATION #Y ISOLATION


65/156

L-, 7-< ,* =+ 788= >+7,* 7 -=78 .-.7? ,7-=,* -

;-8, ., .,@,,7 =+ , 78 -+, --7 @+,, ;,-77, ,

;,,7'

E7=, + --* @ 78 -+, == ,=, 8- 7- ., 78 7>

.-7 78 7-, - -+, --7'

W+,, .-7 - B,8 ,=;>,7 77- ., ,>7,8* >-=7 -7 .-7

-- - ;,,7 7>-7 - >--7'

15'3 ELIMINATION OF NOISE VI#RATION #Y ISOLATION OF

PERSONNEL

I -7< -7, - @- @-9, >= ,>7 7 ?,* 7-< ,* 8,,>7, @+,+, +,; - +,8=, ;,-77, - + +,< ,>7 7 +?+ 7-, ,, , -

;,-8* @++ , +- ;-.,'

E7=, + , @+,, +,7? ;-,-7 8,, +-=8 ., @-7 +, @-9, ,

@7,8 - +, +8 78 +, 7,,< - =, ;-,, 8,,'

E7=, + @-9, @+- >= @, +,7? ;-,-7 8,, =+ , 8,,78,

., 7< 8-,8 >,8 8,'

A =;,-< ;,-77, +-=8 ,7=, + @-9, @, +, ;-,, ,=;>,7

>, @+, +,< , 7 +?+ 7-, @-9 ,'

A7?, @-9 +,8=, - + @-9 +?+ 7-, ,, - ,B,78,8 ;,-8 88,8

>-7? @- - >-, ;,-7'

S7, N-, I78=,8* H,7? L- 7 -=;-7 8,, ;, F-, A 1$4%'

F--@7? ;,>., ,B;-=, > + ., --@,8 +-=?+ -= @-97? +-='

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

S-=78 ;,=, ,, T- >, - ,B;-=, ;,

7 8#A) 8< 7 +-=

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


66/156

$0 %

$2 6

$5 4

$! 3

100 2

102 1'5

105 110! 0'!5

110 0'5

115 0'25

N- ,B;-=, 7 ,B, - 115 8#A) - ., ;,>,8'

P, ,>;-,7* ;,-8 =8->,< =,< + ., -78=,8 - @-9, @+-

, 7-,8 7 7-< ,

E,, +,7? -7,-7 ;-?> + ., ,8 -= 78 ,-8 -

@-9, @-97? 7 =+ ,' R,-8 - +, >, + ., >77,8'

E,, , ;-,- + ., ;-8,8 78 ,7=,8 + @-9, 7-,8 7 =+, @, '

A=8->,< , + ., -78=,8 .< ,,8 =?,-7 78 ,=,8 ,+.-7

- =+ @-9, + ., 8-7,'


67/156

CHAPTER 16

MATERIAL HANDLING

7, @, +787? , >- -7.=7? - - -=,7, -

8,7 ;=< 7 +787? - >,' T+, 7=, - 7=, ,=7? ->8,7 .,=, - =7, >, +787? , =78,: "

O., ;;7? - 8-;;7? 8-@7 -7 -- - -+, ; - +, .-8, - +; -7, - 9'

#=7 8=, - +- - --, =.7,'

S;7 @+, 7? >, .< @-7? >,+-8'

16'1 PROCEDRE FOR SAFE MATERIAL HANDLING

I +, -8 -- +,< - .< -7, ;,-7 9 +,; -> -+,'

W+, +7? +,< >, .< >-, >,7 -> -7, ;, - 7-+,* +, -.

+-=8 ., ,8 -= =78, +, 8, =;,-7 - ,;-7., ;,-7 -7 ,*

W+, , -7 88, ;;, ,') @- - >-, >,7

+-=8 ., > 7 , 78 ;+, +-=8 ., ?;;,8 >< 78 +,7 ,8 @+ ;-;, ;-=, 78

=, --7?'

L,+, +78 ?-, +-=8 ., @-7 @+, +787? +; >, - ,, ;,*

=.., ?-, - --, =8 78 8* .,- +78 ?-, - +- >,* +78

;8 - +-=8, ;8 @+, 7? -


68/156

DOS

T+, -;,- >= ., ;+,8< 78 -< =+-,8 -

-;,-7 - 7,'

R,?= 7;,-7 78 ;-;, >7,77, >= ., ,8 -= 7 -7->< @+

,< =, 78 F-< A' O,-87? >= ., -8,8'

E,= 9,,; +,>,, @< -> +, -8 8=7? 7? - -@,7? +,

-8 - 8=7? @7?7? +, .--> 78 +, .'

O7< -7, ;,-7 +-=8 ?, ?7 8=7? 7? - -@,7? - 7;-7? +, -8

,'

DONTS

H,< -8 +-=8 7- ., ,8 ., - +, 7, +-=8 7- -=+ -,+,8 H'T'7, 8=7? +, -;,-7'

T+, 7?, +-=8 7- 9,,; +78 - 7?, 7, +, ;7+ ;-7 - +, -8'

T+, -;,- +-=8 ., < 7=,8 7- - < +, -8 -, >,7 @-97? -7

+, +-; --/8< 8-9 --'

T+, -;,- +-=8 7- ;,-> >-, +7 -7, -;,-7 >, - -8

-7=-7 8=7? 7?7? ,'

16'3 SAFETY - IMPORTANT PARTS'

T+, --@7? >;-7 ; - 7, >= ., ,?=< 7;,,8 97? +,

>7- 8, 7- -=7 .< +, -;,- 78 +, >7,77, ;,-77,'

#9, " 7->/,>,?,7

L> @+ +-=8 ., +,9,8 ?7 >B>=> , +,?+ - ;=,< .-9 7 ?-

., @+ ,, >= = - +, ;-@, =;;< - +, 7? >--)

C-7-, ,, - >,+7 8,, @++ ?, =< -;,-7)

A?7>,7 - .8?, +7? - =7? @+,, 78, + +, .8?, -= -7,)

#-9,7 - 9,8 - +;;,8 * -,< - =7@;, -7 .8?,


69/156

F,=,7 ;;7? - ;-@, * -,-8 ,;< 87?@-7 @+,,)

C-,- +-, - .@-7 -=* ,8 --, - .-9,7)

W77? - ?7 ?+

L=.-7

C-=;7? - .,7?

16'4 SAFETY RLES TO #E O#SERVED IN WORK CENTERS

H78 ?-, >= ., =,8 @+, +787? >, @+ +; ,8?, ',' ,,* >.,

=7? --* @, @-=78 .-B, ,)

H,>, >= ., @-7 @+, +787? >, -7 .-8 +;* 7 +, 8< 8-9*

=78, E' O' T' C7,/7 +-;/7 -, ,-7 +7? ,,,8 9' S,< +-,

>= ., =,8 @+, +787? ,,* >., 78 ;'

T?+ 7? ?-??,* ,;- - , 78 ;-,, -+7? + ?+ +,

7,9* @ 78 79, >= ., =,8 @+, +787? ,>,7' T+,< >= - =, +78?-,'

D,,< - +,< >,* -> 78 -* -, +-=8 ., >8, @+ +, +,; -

-,= ., +,9,8 +--=?+< - - ,7=,

-=787, - +, >, .,-, +,< , =,8' T+, 8,,, ,> >= 7,, ., =,8

.= ,7 - 7,,< ,;/, 7 C' N-' 13/1!)' P-;, ,-8 +-=8 .,

>77,8 7 ,?8 - +-< - ,,< ,>' O7< +, -, , - -;,* +9,

+-=8 ., =,8'

I7 , - 9* +, ?+ >, +-=8 ., 9,8 -7 +, =;;, +,, 78 +,,

>, 7 +, -@, +,,' W+, =7? +, 88,* +-=8 ., ,7=,8 + -; 78 .--> - +, =;?+

>,>., , ,=,8 ;-;,7 =7? +, 88, +-=8 7- < 7, +-=8

., +-,8 78 +78,8 .< =., ,=;>,7 ;=,< .-9* +7* -;, ,)' T+,

88, >= ., ;,-8< ,B>7,8 78 ;-;, ,-8 >77,8'

T+, @-9>7 +-=8 ., , 87, -> +, +787? , @+, +, 7,/-9

, 7 -;,-7'

W+, =7? +7 ;=,< .-9* -;, +9, , - 7? - ,>* -8 > >=

7- ., ,B,,8,8'

W+, =7-87? ? .-, - C.-7 8-B8,* A,


70/156

#? - >, +-=8 ., ;,8 - + +, -=+ @< -> +, , @+,, >< ?,

=?+ -7 ->,+7?'

T+, -- - +, -, >= ., 9,; , 78 .-=,< ,, -> - ?,,*

=.7* ;7 , .< ?--8 +-=,9,,;7?' E>;< ;97? ,* ;97? >,

=+ @* ;;, +,8 ,' +-=8 ., ,>-,8 8,7 7 7< - +, @-9 ,7, >= ., >>,8,=-7 - ; >, ,;,< 7 78 -=78 8< 8-9 , 7-

;,>., 7?,>,7 - ,>- 78 8;- - ; - ., 8-7, -7 ;-=> 8= -=78 @++ @, 7? +-=8 ., .,7 +,, >,

8>,,'

A-< ,, +7 7? 7 ., ,< =,8 7 ,B,>,< -@ ,>;,=,' I

=77,,< - +, +,>* 7 * +, ,>,7 8,>,7 - +, =< - +778 ,B;-=, - 7< -=, - +, >= ., -8,8'

16'6 S, =, - L7? G,

A L7? ?, + ., >9,8 @+ +, >B>=> SWL , @-97? -8 7 -7

- 9-?> 78 +, 8>,, 7 >>,,'


71/156

A@B>=> 7=8,8 7?, .,@,,7 +, 7? ,? 78 +,

;-.< - =7,= -87?'

N,, 9, +7, +, ,= >< =, ,-= - 7=< 78 8>?, -

>,' S7? >= 7- ., @,8* 979,8 - 97-,8'

M9, =, + +, -8 ;-;,< =;;-,8 7 +, .-@ - +, +--9'

M9, =, + ,;* 78 H= ., ,,8 -7, .,-, =7?'

A 7? ?, >= ., ,,8 - SWL 78 >9,8 -7 @+ +, ==, 8, -

,7?'

A7< 8--7 /9 -7 7< 7? ?, -=78 8=7? 7;,-7 - ., ,,,8 -

>, +787?'

S-?, - +, 7? ?, - ., 8-7, 7 ;-;, ;, 78 +-=8 ., ,.,

- =, >,'

T+, >7,77, - +, 7? ?, +-=8 ., 8-7, .< +, 7,8 ;,-77,'

C,-7 - -8 - ., ,8 - ., =,8 .< ->;,,7 ;,-7'

K,,; 7? ?, @< -> ,* 8* 9* -* 78 ?,,'

R,?= >7,77, @+ ;;-,8 ;-,8=, --@,8 - +, =;9,,; - +, 7?

?,'

O, -87? - +, 7? ?, +-=8 ., -8,8 - ,8=, 8,7'

A 7? ;;7, +-=8 ., >9,8 @+ S'W'L' -7 +, 7? ;;7, ,*

78 + +-@7? +, , -8 + 7 ., ,8 +-=8 ., 8;7,7

--7 - +, @-9 ;,'

16'% SAFE LOADS FOR SHACKLES

SWL L?, .-@ >8 ,, +9, ;, #S %25 1$4$)

S, @-97? 8 - S+9, D - P7

L-8 7 T-7 7 CMS 7 CMSW) 8) D)

O'4 $ 12

O'6 12 15

1 15 1$

1'5 1$ 22

2 22 25


72/156

2'% 25 2%

3'4 2% 31

4'2 31 34

5'5 34 3!

6'5 3! 44

!'2 41 4!

%'% 44 50

10 4! 5311'5 50 56

14 56 63

1! 63 6$

20 6$ !5

25 !5 %1

30 %4 $0

35 %! $!

40 $! 103

50 106 115

60 10$ 125

%0 115 144

N-,: ' P-- -8 2 B , @-97? -8 @)

.' A@;,8 -7 +9, .,-, =,'

16'$ SAFE LOADS FOR EYE#OLTS

#S 42!% 1$6%)

S7?, , N-7 , ;, ; 7 -7 I->,

I7 -7 I7=8,8 A7?, #,@,,7 L,? T+,8 D'

I7 8,?,,

30 60 $0 I7 >>

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

0'32 " " " 12

0'63 " " " 16

1'2 1'6 1 0'63 20

2 2'5 1'6 1 24

3'2 4 2'5 1'6 30

5 6'3 4 2'5 36

% 10 6'3 4 45

10 12 % 5 52

12 16 10 6'3 56

16 20 12 $ 64

20 25 16 10 !0

SAFETY NOTES

A@;,8 -7 +, ,


73/156

O7< =, ,< - +, -

A@;,8 +,8 8, - 8,7< +,

+,8 78 +, >B' S, , -8 - +, , - +,8'

E?,8 .< >=,'


74/156

PART : 4ELECTRICAL PRODCTION

SYSTEM


75/156

CHAPTER 1!

FIRE FIGHTING AND FIRE FIGHTING

AGENTS

1!'1 THE FIRST FEW MOVEMENTS ARE VITAL

I7 , - ,* ;,,8 7 7? +, > 78 >>,8, =, - =., ,

,B7?=+, 7 +, 7;,7 ?, ,< ,,7' F, ?+7? ,=;>,7 78

;;7, +-=8 ., +,9,8 ,=,7< 78 +-=8 @77,8 ,8< -

>>,8, =,' R,;-7.< - ;,-8 +,9 78 7;,-7 >= ., ,< 8,7,8

78 788= ., >8, -=7.,'

1!'2 THEORY OF FIRE FIGHTING

F, ,=, ->.7-7 - =, * -B


76/156

->.=., >,' C--7? - +, -=, 78 =-=787? , +-=8 ., -77=,8 -

,7=, + 7- ,"?7-7 ;-.,'

F>>., L=8 F,

C->>-7 ,B>;, - >>., =8 , , ;,-,=>* ?- - .=79,*

;7* ,?,., -* ,' C= - +, -@ - =8 -> +, -=, ;-.,' EB=-7 -

.< >-+,7? - .79,7? 7,,< - ?+7? =+ , 'T+ +,,8 .* ,> - @,' T+, -+, >,+-8 .< 7+.7? +, ;-;?-7 -

>, .< =7? ;-7? =8 78 8< +,> ;-@8,'

E, F,

A 7-7 -78=, ,B7?=+7? ?,7 ,,7 @+,7 ?+7? , 7 ,,

,=;>,7 9, .-7 8-B8,* .->-+--8-->,+7, @++ ;-7? =8

- 8< +,> ;-@8,'

H?+< ,7, ,, ,=;>,7 >< ., 8>?,8 .< +, =, - 8< +,>

;-@8,'

1!'4 IGNITION SORCEST+,, , >7< -=, - ?7-7* ->, - +,> , :""

C,, 8;- - ?+,8 >+ 9 78 ?+,8 ?,, .='

O;,7 >, 7=87? >-97? *?+,8 >+, 78 ?,, ?+,'

H- * @,87? 78 =7? ;9'

S;9 -> >,+7 78 -7 -=,'

S;9 - -> ,, ,=;>,7

H- =, =+ +- >+7,< 78 +?+ ,>;,=, ,> 7,* - 78 ?7,

@+,7 +,,8 .-, +, =- ?7-7 ,>;,=,'

S ,, 8+?, 8=, - +?, ?,7,-7 78 =>=-7 -7 ,7,8;,-,=> 78 -7 ,,< -,8 -78=-' S ,,< ?,7,-7-=8 - ,= -> =7? .-7 8-B8,* 8, -> ;,=,8 ;

--> 78 79 ;,'

A ;-., -=, - ?7-7 +-=8 ., =.,,8 - 7;,-7' T+,

>7,77, -7 78 =78, +, ,< 7 +-, +787? ?,* 7 8,9 78 7 ;=>; -->

78 ,, @+ -->* +-=8 >, ., < -.,,8' P-- - - 78 -+,

;-,7< ->.=., >, +-=8 ., ,>-,8 >>,8, .-.,7 >, ;,< @+

- >;,?7,8 +-=8 7- ., , ; --> 78 ,, @+ --> ,' M, .7 @+ ;-;, 8 +-=8 .,


77/156

;-8,8 - -,7? -< ? 78 @,' S ?7, 78 ,= 8;- - -.=-7'

1!'6 ETINGISHING AGENTS

C--7? @,'

W, +, >- ->>-7 --7? ?,7 'T+ ?,< =,8 .,=, @, ;-,,

,< +?+ +, .-.7? =, 78 +-; 78 -7 +; ., 7 >;,

=7,' A @, ,* +-=?+ ,B,,7 - ?+7? , 7-7? ->.=.,

>, *+-=8 7- ., =,8 -7 .=77? - - 7 ?,< ,* -7 --97? - -

*.,=, - +, 87?, - ;,8 - +, ,'

W, ;< 78 @, -? >< ., =,8 ,,,< ?7 - , 78 - >97?

,,7 .,@,,7 +, , ?+, 78 +, ,'

O@7? - +, 87?, - ,, +-9* @, +-=8 7- ., 8,,8 -@8 7,7'

S>-+,7?'

) F->: " F-> + >,8 +, .-.7? ,,' F-> ??,?-7 - >

.=.., *- -@, ;, ?< +7 - - @,* @++ -@ - +, =, -

.=77? =8 78 -> -+,,7 >-+,7? .79,' I @ - ,8=, +, =,

,>;,=, - +, =8 .< +, .-;-7 - ->, +,'

.) W, :" W, =;;< >< ., =,8 +,8 - ;,> -, ;;-+ - +, ,

- +, , @+ -> ;;= .= +, ,,,7, - -> ,8=,8 @,

-@,8 - -7 78 -=8 +,7 ., 7,,, ?7 ,'F-> 7,78,8 - =, ?7 ;,-,=> , @ 7- 7->< ., ,,, =78,

-78-7 @+,, @ 7- ., @8,< 8=,8' I7 7 -;,7 8,9 - ,< ,

'* /a0 l'%'*+" ++c*3 ca!&o "'o5'"+ '0 ++c*'v+ ' +clo0+" a!+a0 0$c/ a0

%ac/'+! 0,ac+06 ,$%, !oo%0 a" +l+c*!'cal 02'*c/ !oo%0 2/+!+ '* ca

,++*!a*+ '*o ,lac+0 */a* cao* &+ !+ac/+" & o*/+! %+a03

) C.-7 8-B8, C-2) :"

C.-7 8-B8, 8-, 7- 8>?, 8,, >+7,< - 7=>,7 ' #,7? 7-7

-78=-* 7 ., =,8 ,< -7 - -=78 ,7,?,8 ,, ,=;>,7'

C.-7 8-B8, 8, -> ;,=,8


78/156

S,> >< ., =,8 - >-+, , 7 ,7-,8 ;, -7 .-8 +; - 79,

=+ * 7 ?- 79,* +-8 - >+7,< ;,* .< ,B=87? ' D=, - +, ,>

-78,7-7* =.7 8,< >< -= .,-, =,7 8;,8 - ,78, +,

-7,7 - +, ;, 7;., - =;;-7? ->.=-7'

,) S78

A >-+,7? ?,7* 78 =,= -7< ?7 > , -7 +8 =,'

1!'! FLAME INHI#ITORS

D< +,> ;-@8,

D< +,> ;-@8, 8+?,8 -> 7 ,B7?=+, ,, -@7? -=8* 78

>- ,,, 7 8,7? 7< @+ ,* ,=7? -> 7 - ; -7 ,< -

-7 8,9 - 79,' I ,;,< ,,, -7 .=77? =8* ,;7? -> ,97?

;;,7, - -7' I 7 ., =,8 7 -77,8 ;, .= 7- ,,, 7 +, ;,,7,

- +- >, =, .,=, - +, 9 - ,?7-7' I 7-7 -78=- 78 +=

=., - =, 7 8,7? @+ ,, ,' A, =, - 8< +,> ;-@8,*

;, ;,=-7 +-=8 ., 9,7 - ;,,7 ,"?7-7' C,7 7 =, .,98-@7 - -> .79,' O7< +-,

,B7?=+, .,,8 Q -> ->;.,Q +-=8 ., =,8 7 -7=7-7 @+ ->'

D< +,> ;-@8, -? 78 .,->, =,, -@,8 - .,->, 8>; @+,7

-,8 - @+,7 ,B7?=+, , .,7? ,8'

VAPORI&ING LI(IDS :

A7 ,B>;, - +,, #->- +-- 8 =- >,+7,#'C'F)

V;-7? =8* 9, 8< +,> ;-@8,* +, >, 7+.7? ,, 78 7

88-7 - +, , >-+,7? ,,'

A ;-7? =8 +, ->, 8,?,, - -B, @+,7 7 -7 @+ >, 78

+- =,* 78 7;>,7 , +,, +, .,,7 =,8 +-=8

@, =., .,+7? ;;='

1!'% GENERAL

C-78,., 8>?, + .,,7 =,8 - +, +;/8-9;+* ;=< 7 ,?8 - ,

+8'I +,,-,* ,,7 + +, --@7? , ;,=-7 , =;=-=, 78 >9, - +, ;,=, ;7 - ;,=, ,,'

I8,7-7 >9'

T+, ,,,7, 7=>., 78 8, - +, ,;- - ,B>7-7 .< ->;,,7 ;,-7'

T+, ,;- - +, ,= - ,,< ,B>7-7 >8, + ., ->;,,8 7 F-> 13'

T+, ->;,,7 ;,-7 >97? ,;- - 7< ,B>7-7 =78, + =, +*@+7 ,,7 8;,-7 - +, ,B>7-7* ,78 - +, I7;,-* -;B>=> , @-97? ;,=, ,8=,8 -

+, ,B>7-7 +-@ + +, ; 77- -77=, - ., =,8 @+ ,>,8,< - @+7 ;,,8 >, - @+,, +,

+ ;,,8 ,=,7 - ;, ,B>7-7 - ,'

I7;,- >< .< 7 -8, 7 @7? *8, +, ;-8=-7 =7 @+7 +, >,

;,,8 7 =+ -8,* - ,;- - ,B>7-7 >8,* .< ->;,,7 ;,-7 @+-


85/156

+ 7- ., 7 ,>;- .-,* ,> ,,8 ;;, 78 +, 7? * ->7? =78, +, ;=,@ - I787

#-, A* 1$23 V - 1$23)'

M, .-, - ;,,8 ?, -

=8 - 8-,8 ?, =78, ;,=, -,,8

.< +, G C,8 =78, +, I787 EB;-, A 1%%4IV -

1%%4)

V,, 7 @++ 7,7 ;,=, 8=, -,< - +, +,8 - =8

W-97? +7,< =+ ;=>;7? ,* ->;,- 78;>, >-,

V,, - 7=, ,7,?< ;;-7'

FORM 13

R,;- - ,B>7-7 - P,=, P7/V,,

1' N>, 78 88, - -7-7

.) L 7,7 ,B>7-7

) L +7-7 8) L =-7 ,

!' W+,+, ??7? @ ,>-,8 - ;=;-,

- ,B>7-7'

%' D,;-7 - ,B>7-7 ,8 -=

78 787? "

) EB,7 ,B>7-7 ?, ,-7

7- ,8 -= B >-7+


86/156

.) I7,7 ,B>7-7 ?, ,-7

7- ,8 -= 77=.,

78 8, - +, ,, =,8 .7? =-7 , 7 ,= - 7,7 ,B>7-7

+,+-8 ?,7 7 =."=, 5)) -

7? 7,8 + ;,=, ,,/;7 7=87? 7? 78 +

+, .-, =, ,;- - >< ,B>7-7'

N>,


87/156

A88, : S?7=,

(=-7 : C->;,,7 ;,-7)

I ,>;-;7< - A--7 ?, 7>, 78 88,


88/156

CHAPTER 20


89/156

CHAPTER 21

GENERAL PRECATION WHILE

WORKING ON A MACHINERY

21'1 T+, -7,; - ,>7-7 - +8 .< ;-87? , ?=8 - ,, 78 ,7=>,,8 .,-@'

C< -= -. 7+7, 78 9* 8,7< +, +8* 78 ;-8,

=,7 78 8,=, ;-,-7 '

I7 >- - +, -;,-7 +, +8 - -,8 @+ >+7,* ,=;>,7 - 7 +,

;-7 - -;,-7' I8,7< +,, +8-= ;-,7 - 8,7 78 ,>7,

+,>'

F78 7,@ >,+-8 - - < +, >, 9 / -. @++ , +8-='

I ;-.,* +7?, +, ;++7, - -. + ,, +,

+8'

F78 -= - +7?, +, @-9 ;-,8=, @+ 7,@ 788 '

R,8=, +, ,=,7< - >, +787? @++ ,, +8'

P-8, 8,=, ?=87? - +, ;-7 - -;,-7* ,7,?< -=, @++

;-,7 87?,'

#= 7 ,?=87? -7,; >= ., ;;,8 - 7,@ ;=+, - ,=;>,7 /

>+7,>-8, @-9 ;,, ,,87? 78 ,,-7'

I +-=8 ., ;-,, '

I +-=8 ., ,< - >77 78 7;,'

I +-=8 ., -- ;--'

I +-=8 7- ,, 7< 7,@ +8'

I +-=8 7- 7,,, @+ ;-8=-7 78 8- 7- =, 8->- - +, -;,-'

21'3 MATCHING THE MACHINE TO THE OPERATOR :

A @-9 ;, >+7, / ,=;>,7 +-=8 ., ;-8,8 78 7?,8 7 =+@< + +, -;,- 8-, >7>=> >-=7 - ,7?* 7? 78 ;++7, ;,,8' O7/O @+ +-=8 ., ,8< ,.,* +-=8 .,

;--7,8 7 =+ @< + -;,- 7 ,+ @+-= 7< -.=-7'

W-9, +-=8 7- ?, ?=, ;+,7< @+, @-97? -7 +,

>+7,' H, +-=8 =, >7>=> ,- - < -= +, -;,-7'


90/156

21'4 F,77? - M+7,< : I7 @-9 ;, --@7? ., ;-8,8'

E,< >-7? ; - +, >+7,< 7 +, -< ., ,7,8 - -,,8* - ?=8,8

A7< ; - -9 . @++ ;-, .,+7,< + ., ,=,< ,7,8 .< ,?=8 -

=.7 -7=-7 @++ + ., -77< >77,8 78 9,; 7 ;--7)@+, +, ; - >+7,< +,< , ,77? , 7 >--7 - 7 =,


91/156

CHAPTER 22

WORK PERMIT SYSTEM

22'1 P,>"-"@-9

T+, ;,>"-"@-9 @ >;,>,7,8 @+ +, ,@ - ;,,77?7->;., @-9 ;-,, -> .,7? ,8 -= 7 +, >, --7 @, -

,7=, + 7,,< ;,=-7 , 9,7 8=7? +8-= @-9 ;-,,' T+,,

;,> , =,8 .< -7,7,8 =+-,'

T+, --@7? @-9 ;,> 7 ., =,8 7 +, 77,8 :

) H- @-9

.) P77? 7 -77,8 ;,

) C+,> ,77? - .-, 78 --,

8) D>77? - , 78 ;;,7, 7 C?- 79* 8-=., .--> 79

78 -+, ,7-,8 ;, 78 +,7? -

,) C+,> ,77? - ?,7,- 78 >--

) W-9 , 7 +, C.-7 8-B8, -->

?) W-9 -7 .,- >,

+) E7< 7- -77,8 ;,

) R,;/>7,77, @-9 -7 ++7,) #7?/8,.7? - 79

7) S@+.-8 ,;

-) O/=8?,/, ,77? -77,8 ;,

T+,, ;,>"-"@-9 , - ., ,,@,8 -77< 78 =;?8,8 @+,7

7,,


92/156

22'2 C+,9

C+,9 , =,8 7 +, 77, 78 +, , ;-8,8 >,, @+ +, ,< ,=,>,7' P-8=-7

=;,- , ,;-7., - +, ->;7, - +, ,< ,=,>,7 78 ?77? -

+, +,9'

F--@7? +,9 , =,8 7 ;,,8 ?7?

) F- =;,- -7 +, =, - >-., 7,

) F- >-., 7, -;,-

) F- +- @-9

) F- 79 ,77?

) F- .7?/;77?

) F- ,7?7, @-9


93/156

CHAPTER 23

ENGINE FITTING/MACHINE/

COPPERSMITH SHOP

23'1 DOES AND DONTS:

MACHINERY GARDS:

D- 7- ,>-, 7< ?=8 *=7, - ,;7? *-7? - 8=7? +, >+7,'

A@+7, 78 ,;, +, ?=8 @+,7 +, @-9 8-7,'

#,-, 7? @-9 -7 7< >+7, >9, =, + ?=8 , ,=,< 7 ;,'

I -,8 -> 7< >+7,* 7-< +,

=;,-'

I >., >, 7 >, 7'

L @+ >=,* 7- @+ +, .9'

D-7 ++"+9, -7 =9* -7, =;,78,8 -8' D-7 >. -, ;, - >,'

D-7 @+ 7 =7? - - ->;-=78'

W, +78 78 -- ;-,-7' ,< +-,)

G, 8 - ,,< 7=>,8,8, -= - -8 ,

D- 7- ?; +, -. +, ,78 - +, , @


94/156

D- 7- =, @-7 -= ;77, - >;-;, -- @++ , =7=., - +, , 7? - @ -> +, >+7,

=, .=+ 78 ;7 - -, >, +; 78 >77 +, -- ,7)

D- 7- =, ,B,7-7 - ,, +78 >; @+-= ;-;, ;=?'

D- 7- =, +78 - .-8< .9, - -; >-7? >+7, ;* ,,7 @+,7 +,;-@, + .,,7 = -'

W+,7 +7?7? >+7, ; =+ , ;, - +=9* -7 +,* 8- 7- =,

7< ;-@,'

#,-, 7? 8=>,7 -7 >+7,* ., =, + +, ;-@, - 78 +,

>+7, ,=,8 ?7 8,7 7?'

24'3 SPANNERS

, -7< ;77, - ?--8 =< 78 +, ?+ ;77, - +, ?+ -.' N,, =,

=.=,'

W+, @-97? 7 -77,8 ;,* 9, , + +, ?; 88, - +, @* - +

+,, @ ., ,,+ 7 -7 * +, ;77, ;' K,,; +, ,,+ +;'

D- 7- -,7 > ;77, - =, ;77, +>>,'

A .,7 ;77,* ?+,7,8* .,->, @,9' G, 7,@ ;77,'

D- 7- ,>; - =, ;77, -7 >, + -7 >+7, 7 >--7' S-; +,

>+7, @+, @-97? -7 +, >,'

, ;77,* + , +, ?+ -, ,,?,'

, -7< ;77, +7? @ 7 ?--8 -78-7' K,,; ;;, @,7+* @ +; 78

,7'

N,, =, +> - >9, 7 -,, ;77, +, 7='

D- 7- =, ;77, +>>,'

A@


95/156

W+,7 7? @-9 -, - +, +=9 7 +,* , ,"+78,8 - @ 7- .,

7??,8'

N,, + , @+ +>>, ;,, - +, +8,7,8 ,, , 9,< - >, =., - +, -.* >9, =, +, +,8 @,8?,8 ,=,< -7 +,

+78, 78 + +, +,8 78 +78, , 7- +;;,8 - .-9,7'

K,,; +, +>>, ,7 78 ,, -> - 78 ?,,* @++ >?+ =, +, +78,

- ; *-= - >, ?+ 78 7=, ->, -7,'

H>>, +78, +-=8 ., - ?--8 =< @--8* 78 - ,, -> 97-'

23'6 MACHINE TOOLS'

A @-9, @-97? -7 >+7, -- >= @, ,< +-,'

W, ,+7,'

A >+7, -- , - ., -;,,8 -7< .< =+-,8 ;,-77,'

A77,7? =7, -7 >= ., 9,; ,7 78 - ,9?, >= ., @;,8

R,;- @-7 -= ?787? -7, - +, ;,8, ?787? >+7, 78 9,,; +, @-9

., ,7, - +, >7>=>'

T+,, , 7- ,< =, ?,, +7 , 7 7 -8,< 78 , >77,'

K,,; --* ,7, 78 -+, ,=;>,7 7 7 -8,< >77, - ,;,, =,'


96/156

CHAPTER 24

ICE SHOP

24'1 DOS AND DONTS

N,, 8,;,78 -7 9 - +7 +- -7, - =;;- ,7?7, ; 78 ;-., ,, -- @+ -8 78 7?

+ , 7 ?--8 -78-7'

G=8 ?7 .-7 >-7-B8, ? -> +, ,B+= - =777? ,7?7,' S,, +

+,, ;-;, ,7-7'

D- 7- +, ?-7, 9,8 -=78 7 -;,7 -77,' , 9,-,7, - -+,

,,< , =8/=.7, - ,7 >+7,< ; @+,7,, ;-.,'

, ,< ?; @+,7 7,,< - 79 ,7?7, .< +78'

D-7 ,>; - 7


97/156

CHAPTER 25

FONDRY SHOP

25'1 F=7, -;,-7

, ?-, 78 ?-??, @+, +?7? +, =7,'

P-;, ,7-7 - =7, +-=8 ., - -8 .-@ -= - =>=,8 ? 8=7?

?7-7'

W+, ,77? ;?, =, ?-??, 78 , +,8'

, ?-, 78 ?-??, @+, ,>-7? ? -> +, ;-='

A @-9,* @-97? -7 - 7, =7,* >= @, +-,* 89 ?-??, 78 ?-,

;-8,8'

, .,- - ,+, ?-, @+, +787? ? '

T+,, , 7- ,< =, .,, +7 ,8'

F, +,8 >= ., @-7'

#, @, - @, >-=8 78 -7,=,7 .-@7? =;'

P?, 7 @< - +, -;,-7 >= ., ,'

R,;- =7, -78-7 - D,;>,7 H,8 78 8, -=8* +; >, 7 78 +-

? ,'

N- =, , .,, +7 , ,'

D-7 =, +, >8, -= - .-9,7 , - +;;7?'

25'4 M-=87? 78 >B=, D-- - ,>-, +, 78 >B=, 7- - ., -;,7,8 @+, +, >+7, =777?

+, ,< 7,-97? 8,, 7- ;-8,8 -7 +, >+7,'

T- --; +, ,>77? 78* @--8,7 9 + ., =,8 78 +78 7- - .,

7-8=,8'

25'5 L88,


98/156

L88, - ;-=7? +- >, + ., 7;,,8 .< +, ->;,,7 =+-< ,

-7, @,,9 - +,9 -7 -7? + ;7* 9,=-7 - ->.=., 8 7- - ., ;,>,8 ;-,7 ,

+8'

25'% DOS AND DONTS FOR MOLDER

DOS

E7=, -, =< 78 >B=, - 78 7=87? -,"78'

, ;;-;, PPE - + 78 ;, , 7- 7+,8'

, -, >,+-8 - +787? >-=8 .-B, ,'

I ,-, - ., =,8 , +,,+7 +787? 8,,'

E7=, -, @< - ,;7? >-=8'

E7=, ,7-7 - ?, ->,8 8=7? ;-=7?'

C-7= 97? >-=8 - ,7=, ,7?+ - @+78

=8 >, ;,=,'

K,,; , =,7< ,7'

I ,8 >,* ,7=, + ;->, 7 =-=87? 97-@ +, ;-;,, ,;,< +,

,, @+, +787?'

S-, +, ,-, , +, >-=8'


99/156

K,,; , 87, -> +, >-=8 @+,7 +, >, .,7? ;-=,8'

DONT :

D-7 =>, 8@7? 7- ,' G, ,,8 -> 87,' D-7 9,,; 78 7 +, >88, - +, ,/, -, ;-;,-=8 77- @+78 +, ;,=,'

D-7 -@ 7< -+, ;,-7 - @-9 -7 -=8'

D-7 =, =.=, >, =7,


100/156

CHAPTER 26

R##ER MOLDING

26'1 T+, =.., >-=87? 8,;>,7 + +, --@7? +,+ +8

C-7 - +,>'

I7+-7 - =>,* 8= - .-7 78 -+, +,> 7 =,'

T;;7? 7 .,@,,7 -, - >-=87? >+7,'

C-7 - +, - .-8< ;'

F, 8=, - ;,,7, - .-7 8= 78 -+, >>., +,>

#=7 -> +,,8 - 78 -,8 +,,8 ;'

D,,-;>,7 - ,,< -7 -7? >+7, 78 ; .< >, -7'

I7 ,@ - .-,* =78, >,7-7,8 ;,=-7 +, - ., 9,7 @+, @-97? 7

=.., >-=87? ,-7'

26'2 STORAGE :

R@ =.., 7+,8 ;-8= 78 +,> +-=8 ., -,8 7 , @++ , 7-

;-7, - , 78 ;-., 7 7 -,8 ,'

C+,> +-=8 ., -,8 7 , @< -> 877? +* @, --, ,'

26'3 HANDLING :

W+, >B7? - +,>* ;,-77, 7-,8 +-=8 ;;< ., ,> -7 .-+

+78* ,;,< -7 +, ;>'

W+, >B7? - +,> ;,-77, 7-,8 +-=8 @, ;-;, PPE ,-+ >9 - + +,< 8- 7- 7+, =>,* +,> 78 8= ;, - .-7

,'

I7 , ;,-77, +, 8,,; = - @-=78* +,< +-=8 @, ;-,, ?-,'

P,-77, +-=8 ;= -7 +, ;-- ?-, >8, - .,- - ? @-- @+,

=78,97? =77? 78 ;,7?'

T+,< +-=8 ;= -7 .-, = 78 7-7 98 ,< +-, @+, >B7? 78 >-=87?'

C, +-=8 ., 9,7 - ;,,7 =+7? - 7?, 7 -7? >* ;,, 78

,B=8,'

N-> ;,=-7 - +787? ,,< -;,,8 >+7, +-=8 ., -.,,8

@+,7 =+ >+7, , 7 =,'

I .-, , 7 =,* 7-> ;,=-7 - ;,=, ,, +-=8 ., -.,,8'

26'4 GENERAL :

A =.., >-=87? ,-7 + -7< +, 7-> 9 - 7< -+, ;-8=-7 =7'

= ,< >,=, , - ., --@,8 9, -+, ,7,'


101/156

E7-=?+ =>, ,B-7 7?,>,7 =+ - ,B+= ,7-7 +-=8 .,

>8, ., - +, >B7? >'

T+, , 7 +, @-9+-; 78 -, +-=8 ., ,7,8 -7 ,?= . 78 9,; ,,

- .-7 78 -+, ;, ;-.,'

S=,7 ,7-7 +-=8 ., ., 7 +, @-9+-; 78 -,'

S=,7 ?+7? +-=8 ., ., 7 +, @-9+-; 78 -,'

S788 , ;-,-7 78 , ?+7? 7?,>,7 +-=8 ., ., 7 +,@-9+-; 78 -,'

I7 , - 7?, - +,> 7 +, , +-=8 @+ +, +78 +--=?+< 7 ,+ @, @+

-;* , @-9'

I7 , - 8,7 7+-7/-7=>;-7 - +,>* >,8 +,; +-=8 .,

-=?+ >>,8,;-

78 @ >,' T+,,-, +,< +-=8 97-@ +, ;;-;, ;,=-7 - .,9,7 8=7? @-97?'

T+, >, ,< 8 +,, - +,> =,8 7 +, 8,;>,7 + ., >8,

., 78 >, + ., 97-@7 - +, ;,-7 -7,7,8 78 + ., >77,8'

T+ >< ., ,=,8 .< +, F-< I7;,- 8=7? + 7;,-7'

A8,=, B,8/;-., ?=87? + ., ;-8,8 - >7? 78 =.., >-=87?

>+7, - -8 ;;-+ - @-9, 7, - 7; -7, 8=7? -;,-7'

R=.., ?--8 ,, 7=- 78 .,=, - + ;-;,< +?, 7

., .= =; -7 >+7, -7 @++ +,, - > ,7?' T+,, +?, 7 +,

,7-=?+ ;-,7 - .,->, -=, - ?7-7 - +-9 +-, ->7? 7 -7 @+

+,, >+7,' T+,,-, ,>7- 7 +, -> - @, ->. - -77? +-=8 ., =,8 - ,8=, +,, +?, 78 .< ;-;,< ,+7? >, ;'


102/156

CHAPTER 2!

REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

2!'1 W-97? -7 -78-77? 78 ,?,-7 ;7 + --@7? +8

I7+-7 - ?,

C-7 - -8 @+ .-8< ;

W-97? 7 -77,8 ;,

W-97? @+ +?+ ;,=, ?,

H787? - ->;,,8 ? ;-7 - 9, ;-;, , @+, @-97? -7 +,, ;7 - -8

8,7' C,7 - - ,< ;, , >,7-7,8 .,-@ '

.' C+,9 +, ? @++ .,7? =,8 7 +, .,-, +?7? - @+,

;,=7? +, '

' F ;-;, ;,=, ?=?, ;-7 * +, 88,8

7- +?+ 78 -@ ;,=, 8,'8' K,,; +, ->;>,7 ;-;,< ,7,8 @+, ,,7? F,-7 / N-?,7 /

C.-7" 8 "-B8, ?'

,' N,, =, >B=, - ?, - ;,=, ,7? '

' W+, @-97? -7 =777? ,?,-7 *., ,= - ,9?, -

,?,7 ? 7 -- /-8 --> =8 ? ,-7) 7 =, ,,, -8 .=7'

?' W+, 8>77? ->;,- >9, =, +,, 7- ? ;,=, 7 *

78 +, >-- =, , ,>-,8 78 +, ->;,- 8," -=;,8'

+' C+,> ,77? 7 ;--< ,7,8 , 7- ,->>,78,8'

' N,, 8- +- @-9 -7 @++ =78, ;,=,'

9' G


103/156

#OILER SHOP

SAFETY IN THE SE OF AS#ESTOS

2%'1 GENERAL

O.,* A;;-7 78 8,7-7 :

T+, -.,, - + -8, , :

T- ;,,7 +, 9 - ,B;-=, - .,- 8= @-9'

T- ;,,7 +>= ,, -7 +, +,+ - @-9, 7? -> ,B;-=, - .,-

8='

T- ;-8, ,-7.< ;., -7- ;-,8=, 78 ;, -

>7>7? -=;-7 ,B;-=, - .,- 8='

P-., +,+ -7,=,7, -7 ,B;-=, - .,- 8=

T+,, , +,, >7 +,+ -7,=,7, -,8 @+ ,B;-=, - .-7,

.,- :

.,- * .- +9,77? 78 7?) - +, =7? =,

=7? 7, : 7, - +, .-7+ =.,

>,-+,-> : 7, - +, ;,= - ;,-7,=>'

O+, -7,=,7, - .,- ,B;-=, 7 ., +, 8,,-;>,7 - 8=, ;,=

+9,77? 78 =>.,8 ;,= ;=, @++ >< .,->, ,8' T+,, ,

,?8,8 7- >-, +7 ,8,7, - ,B;-=, - .,- 8=' O+, ,

S;;7?* ,; - >7,77, - ;-8= -777? .,-

D,>--7 - ;7 - ==, -777? .,- >,

T7;--7* -?, 78 +787? - .,- - .,- -777? >,'

D,7-7 :

A.,- 8,7,8 +, .-= -> - >7, , .,-7?7? - +, ,;,77,

78 >;+.-, ?-=; - -9"->7? >7,* 7=87? : 7-,* >-,

.-@7 .,-* =>>7?-7,* ?=77,,)* 7+-;+-,* - 7< >B=, -777? -7, - >-,

- +,,


104/156

.,- 8= 8,7,8 .-7, ;, - .,- - ,,8 ;, - .,-

@++ >< .,->, .-7, 7 +, @-97? ,7-7>,7

@-9;, -, ;, @+,, 7,,8 - ., - 7,,8 - ?- .< ,-7 - +, @-9

78 @++ , =78, +, 8, - 78, -7- - +, ,>;->,, +-=8 ,78,- - ,7=, +, ;;-7 - +,

,?=-7 -7 +, ;,,7-7 - .-7, .,- 78 +-=8 =7 +,>,,

,?=< @+ +, ,= - +, >-7-7? - +, @-97? ,7-7>,7'

METHODS OF CONTROL :

A ;;-;, 78 ;., >,=, - ,7?7,,7?* @-9 ;, 78

8>7, -7- +-=8 ., 9,7 - ,>7, - - ,8=, +, ,B;-=, - @-9,

- .,- 8= 7 +, @-97? ,7-7>,7 - +, -@, ;-., ,,'

E7?7,,7? -7- +-=8 7=8, >,+7 +787?* ,7-7 78 ,8,?7

- +, ;-, - ,>7,* -77 - -, .,- 8= ,>-7 .< =+ >,7 :

;-, ,;-7* =->-7 - ,7-=,

.-787? .,- ., @+ -+, >, - ;,,7 8= ?,7,-7

?,7, ,7-7 - +, @-97? , @+ ,7

- ,7-7 - ;-,* -;,-7* ,=;>,7 78 -- - +, ;,,7-7 - 8=

8,>7-7

=, - @, >,+-8 @+,, ;;-;,

,;, @-9;, - ,7 ;-,,'

A;;-;, @-9 ;, :

) 8>;7? @+,, ;;-;, - .,- ;-8= 78 >, @-9;,

.,-, ;-,7?* +787? =7?* >+77?* ,77? ;;7? - ,>-7?

.) ,?= ,77? - >+7,< 78 @-9 , .< ;;-;, >,+-8) ;-;, =, - ;,-7 ;-,, ,=;>,7'

W-9--> +-=8 ., 8,?7,8* .= 78 >77,8 7 =+ >77, - :

) ,;, +, +8-= -;,-7 -> +, ,>78, - +, ;,>,

.) ,8=, ;-., =, -7 @++ .,- 8= 78 @, >=,

) , +, ,77? - --* @* ,7? 78 >+7,< 78


105/156

8) , +, -,-7 - .,- 8= @++ >< ,;, 7 +, ,,7 - 7

78,7'

PERSONAL PROTECTION

#-, = 78 +,8 ?,

R,;-< ,=;>,7 - ;-,-7 8= - .,-

S,< +-,'

H78 ?-, @+,, 7,,-,8' S=., +,8

-,7? +-=8 - ., ;-8,8' S+-@, - @+--> , +-=8 ., ;-8,8 78

+-=8 ., ?+,8 .,@,,7 +, -7>7,8 78 ,7 -9, -->'

O7< +-, ,7 @++ +, .,,7 ,,8 78 ;;-,8 .< +,

->;,,7 =+-, +-=8 ., @-7'

T77? :

A @-9, ,=,8 - =, ,;-< ,=;>,7 +-=8 ., 7=,8 7 =,'

2%'4 I7=-7 +-=8 ., ?,7 -7 +, --@7? ;-7 :

) T+, ,-7 - +, =, - +, ,=;>,7 78 +, >;-7 -

=7? -7,7-=7, 7 @++ +-=8 ., =,8 78 +-@ +,,

=>7, +-=8 ., ,-?7,8

) T+, >77, 7 @++ +, ,=;>,7 -;,,

8) T+, -, >,+-8 - =, 78 - +,97? +,

,) T+, >,+-8 - +,97? - -, -;,-7

) T+, 7,,8 - ,?= ,7?'

S=+ , +-=8 ., ,7,8 ,?=, 78 ;7 :

E,< ,>;-,

, >77,8 7 ,7 , 78 , ,, - .,- @,'

C, +-=8 ., 9,7 + @, @, -777? .,- ., 8-, 7- 8< -=

-7 +, -- .,-@'


106/156

2%'6 P9?7?* 7;- 78 -?, :

A.,- ., +-=8 @;,>,., .?'

T+, 8;- - .,- @, :

W+,, B7? - ;;7? -;,-7 , .,7? ,8 -=* -- =, +-=8

., -,,8 @+ ; +,,7? @++ 7 ., -8,8 - -> ,,8 -77,'

H8 @,* =+ .-78,8 .,-* .,- ,>,7 -77? 78 .=>

=.., ,8=,* +-=8 ., -,8 7 =+ >77, - ,7=, + @ 7- .,

.8,8 - =+,8 @+, @7? 8;-'

A.,- @, +-=8 7- ., >B,8 @+ -+, @, - @++ +,, , 7- ;,

8;- ,=,>,7' W+,, ;.,' ;, , +-=8 ., , ,;,,, 8=>,8, - 7 ,B-7* 8=? - '

2%'% S=;,-7 - +, +,+ - @-9, :A >,8 ,B>7-7 - +, @-9, ;-,7< ,B;-,8 - .,- 8= +-=8

9, ;, =;-7 ,=>,7 - ;- - ?7>,7 - ;, - @-9 7-7? ,B;-=,

- .,- 8='

2%'$' INFORMATION* LA#ELING* EDCATION AND TRAINING

L.,7? - ;-8= 78 - 9 , :

A .,- -777? ;-8= +-=8 +, 7 7,7-7< ,-?7,8

@77? .- 8,?77? +, ;-8= .,- -777? 78 @77? +, =,

+ 7+-7 - .,- 8= >< =, ,-= 8>?, - +,+'

A @-9 ;, @+,, .,- 8= >< =, +8 +-=8 ., ,, @+,7 @-9,

@+-= ,;-< ;-,-7 , .,7'

C-7-,8 @,7? - @, +-=8 - ., ,>;--7 8=7? .? ,7? - 7 +, , - .? =;=,'

2%'12' ENCAPSLATION OR REMOVAL OF FIREA#LE THERMAL AND

ACOSTIC INSLA TION :

A ,7< ;-7 +-=8 < ;->7,7< 8;


108/156

) @+,, +- >, - ., ;;,8 78 +, =, - @, >< .,

8>?7?'

W+,, 8< ;;7? ,>;--,8* +-=8 @+,, ;., ., ;=7=,8

78 +, .,- -777? >, @+7 +, 887? +-=8 ., +--=?+< @,,8'

T+, 887? +-=8 +,7 ., ,>-,8 ,=< @+7 +, ,7-=, 78

=, +-=8 ., ==>,8 - ;7 @-9, +-=8 .,

;9,8 7 ?+ .?'

T+, ;9?, +-=8 ., >8, =; 7- =7 -8 ,=,< ,7,8 .< .787?'

H--9 - -+, +; ,=;>,7 +-=8 7- ., =,8 -7 .? - =7 -8'

2%'14 CONSTRCTION* DEMOLITION AND ALTERATION

WORK

I +-=8 ., +, ,;-7., - =+-,8 ;,-7 - .-8, - 8,7--7 ->>,7, 78 - ,7=, +,

, ,>- 78 8;- - +, >, 7 -87, @+ +, ;--7 - +,

7-7 ,?=-7'

A @-9, ,7??,8 7 +, @-9 - 8,>--7 - ,-7 +-=8 ., >8, @,

- +, +,+ +8 78 +-=8 ., >8, @, + +, @-9 +-=8 ., ;,->,8 7

-87, @+ +, ;,.,8 ,< 78 +,+ ,?=-7'


109/156

CHAPTER 2$

TEST HOSES

2$'1 STEAM TEST HOSE* DIESEL ENGINE TEST HOSE*

MOTOR AND GENERATOR TEST HOSE

HA&ARDS IN THE TEST HOSES:

N-,* .-7

H,

EB+= =>, -> ,7?7, =78, ,'

G, - =,'

L,9?, - ,> *- *?,, -> -= >+7,;-;, -77,-7'

S;97? -> =777? >+7,< 8=, - 78,=,

,7, .,@,,7 8, 78 =777? ;'

F, 78 ,B;--7 '

M, +787? - +,< ; - >+7,,7 - >+7, - ,7?* ,77? - ;7

, - CO2 , ,B7?=+,'

2$'2 P,=-7 - ., 9,7 ?7 +8* 7 +, ,> , +-=,* 8,, ,

+-=,* ,,-7 , +-=,* ;,=, , +-=,* +;7, - , @-97? -78-7 7 +, , 9, 7-,/.-7/ +?+ -?,/

>, +787? / ,/ ;-@, -;,,8 78 +78 --'

' H?+ 7-, ,, 7 ., -8,8 .< =7? -, ,8=-7

>,+-8 78 ;, '

.' R,8=-7 7 .-7 ,, .< =7? +-9 >-=7'

' I-, +, ;-,* ,=;>,7 =7? ,B,, 7-,

/.-7 78 ,7-, '

8' , - .-7 8>;, >-=77? ,->>,78,8,' M, +787? - +,< ; +-=8 ., 8-7, .< 7,8

;,-7' F- 8, ,, C+;, 7-' 21)'

' A , ;,,7-7 9, , >7* CO2 ? 78 8

, ,B7?=+, - ., ,,8 ,?= 7, - 7->

@-97? -78-7 78 @+ ;-;, ;,=-7'


110/156

G' T+, 7? ;;7, ., 7;,,8 8,=, ,?= 7,

78 ,;,8* ,,8 78 ,,8 .< ->;,,7 ;,-7 78

,-8 >77,8'

?' P-;, @-9 ;-,8=, - ., ,8 -= - -8 8,7'

' P-;, -- 78 - ., =,8 - >77 / ,

,=;>,7'

9' , - ;-;, PPE @++ @ ,8=, 8,7'

' N,,< >+7, ?=8 +-=8 ., 7,8 -7 -7?; - +, >+7,

>' E7-=, - --7 - ,=;>,7 78 ;-, @++ ;-8=,

7-,* +, ;-=-7

7' A8,=, 78 ;-;, =, - ;,-77, ;-,, ,=;>,7'

;' , - ,B;7-7 .,-@ ;, @+,, +, ,B;7-7/

-7-7 9, ;,

' P-;, ,7-7 + ., ;-8,8 - ,8=, +, ,, - +,

78 8-7'

' A, 7, ,=;>,7 =78, ,7? @+ ;-;, ,< 8

78 - +, ;,,8 >, >'

' C---7 ;,,7-7 ;-?> ?, - -8 .,98-@7 '

' , - , +>= +,> 7,8 - 87?,-= -7,'

=' M,8 ,B>7-7 7, - , +, +,7?

>;>,7 8=, - 7-, +8 78 7+-7 - =>,'

' P,8, >7,77, - ,8=, 8,7 78 8-@7 >,'

@' G--8 +-=, 9,,;7? - -8 ;;?, 8=, - -* @,* ,>*

?,,* 8 ,'

B A >-7-7? 7, - , +, =7=> - ;-=,8

'


111/156


112/156

CHAPTER 30

SAFE SE OF ELECTRICITY

30'1 E,< +, >- -7,7,7 -> - ,7,?< 78 =,8 ,B,7,7,+7 +8* , 7- ==< -.-= , -78=- 8-, 7- 8, 7

;;,7, -> 8,8 -78=- 78 +, 9 - ,+7? - >, ,7-=, >< ;

=77-,8 =7 -- ,* @+,7 +, >,"@-9 -=+,8 78 -=78 - ., 87?,-=< ,'

E, +-9 7 =, 8,+ 777,-=< - @+7 +- >,' T- -8 =+

78,7, +, --@7? D- 78 D-7 @ ., +,;= '

30' 2 D-

O.7 @-9 ;,> .,-, 7? +, @-9 -7 7 ,, ,=;>,7 -

7-7'

E7=, + +, -7- @+, , -;,7,8 78 -9,8 7 - ;--7 78/-

=, @+8@7 .,-, ->>,77? @-9 -7 7< ,, ,=;>,7 - 7-7'

W+,7 ,7* --@ =;=-=< +,

>7,77, 7=-7 - +, >7==, ?,7 7 +, >7='

K7-@ +, -?, 78 ,=,7< - +, ='

C-7> --= -87? =,8 - +, @7? 7 >97? -, -77,-7

C-7> +, ..,-7 78 .- =,8 7 +, = 8?> , ;, +,

>7='

, ;;-;, ;,-7 ;-,, ,=;>,7'

C-7> -> >7= =;;,8 .< +, >7==, - ,=;>,7 + ;--7

, ,,8 - :"

P,-7 ,< ?7 ,, +-9

P,-7 ,< ?7 ,, - ,B,, ,>;,=,

S,< ?7 , 78

A;;7, 8,?7,8 - -77 =8 - ;-8,8 @+ ,> ;-8=7? 8,, +

+, 8,=, ,?=8 ?7 +, 9 - ,B;--7'

T, = , =7 +,< , ;-,8 - ., 8,8'

W+,, =, - = -= 7-;-,8 7 7< ;;7,* --7 +-=8 .,

,< 78,8 .< =., ., >97?'

E7=, + +, 7,7 @7? 78 -77,-7 , 8,=,< ;-,,8

- ,7-,8 - + +,< , 7- ,B;-,8 - ,>* ;-= - ;?, 8=7?

7-> -;,-7' I7,7 @7? +-=8 ., B,8 7 =+ @< + +, =7-7 7=-7

8-, 7- ->, 7- -7 @+ ,B,7 ;'

I7=-7 + ., =+ + 7- 8>?,8 7 7-> =,'

#,-, ,7,?7? 7< ,=;>,7 ,7=, + +, ;,>7,7 ?-=787?

7?,>,7 , ;-;,< -77,,8'

30'3' D-7


113/156

D-7 -=+ ,, ,=;>,7 @+ .,* @, +78'

D-7 ;= - 7< @+ =7, @+ +, = @++

-7- 78 97-@ +, ,-7 - .,7? , -7'

D-7 -=+ - >;, @+ 7< ,, @+?, - -78=-* =7, 8, =, 8,8 78 ;-;,< ,+,8'

D-7 , = @+ ., 7?, - +78'

D-7 =, >, , - ;, 7, ,, =' D-7 =, @, @+ ;-- 78 8,,-,8 7=-7'

D-7 -@ - 78 =7=+-,8 ;,-7 - -=+ - +78, ,,

;;= - ->, 7, +, 87?, -7, - +?+ -?, ;;='

D-7 =, @--8* --7* 9* ;;, 78 > +, -

7=-7 =7, -+,@, ;,,8'

DANGERS OF ELECTROCTION'

' SHOCK

.' #RNS' EYE FLASH

8' FIRE AND EPLOSION

30'5 ELECTRICAL (ANTITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HMAN INRY

'AC C=,715"20 MA A.-, 20 MA A.-, 50 MA

;,,7 #,+7? T+,

> -> 8= - +-9 9,;-.,* " - .,

?; ,;-7

,=,8 - , ,'

.' V-?, G,7, ,?, 24 V- - 60 - - > >< ., +8,7 8=

9,7 W, =-7 , ,B,;-7)

' #-8< D< C-78-7 W, C-78-7

,7, 500 -+> 200 -+>

30'6 PROTECTIVE DEVICES

M,7 - =7? - ;-@,:"

E,< ; - +-=8 ., ;., - .,7? = - -> =;;< .< ,,7

78 =.< -,8 >,7' T7->,* -7,,* >-- 78 =+ ;;= +-=8 +, ,;,

@+, =.< ;,8 78 87< >9,8'

M+7, 8,7 .< >-- +-=8 +, 788= -;;7? 78 7?

7?,>,7 @++ +-=8 ., ,< ,.,'

OVER"LOAD AND SHORT CIRCIT PROTECTION


114/156

) F=,

.) C= #,9,

) T+,> P-,-7

T+,, +-=8 ,,,< 7,=; +, =,7 @+,7 ,B,,8 +, @-97?

, 78 +-=8 +, =,7 ;-,-7 ;< - -;,, ,< +- ='

EARTH LEAKAGE PROTECTION

A 7-7 =,7 , ; - ,, ,=;>,7 +-=8 ., ,+,8'

F- >,8=> 78 +?+ -?, ,=;>,7 *@- ,;, 78 87 ,+

-77,-7 >= ., ;-8,8

C- ,-7 , - ,+ -78=- +-=8 7- ., , +7 + +, , -

=,7 => , - -78=- :

C-;;, : 3 >> =,

GI : 6 >> =, E+ ;-8, ;-,-7 .


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T+, =,7 @ 9, +, ;+ - , ,7, +-=?+ +, .-8< - -,

=, - @ ., ->.7-7 - +, @- W, -+7? >< =7+ -@, ,7,

;+ + ; - +, =,7 >< -@ +-=?+ +, .-8< 78 ; -, =,'

E(IPMENT AND HA&ARD CORRECT CONDITION

' S-9, -7 ,B,7-7 -8 - , -7< 7=,8

8-; -8 *. +, .,->, , ->.7-7 -9, 78

,8< +-=?+ >-=, - -78= +78, @+ 7- ,

"7? 8= 78 8 - +-=?+ @, ; ,B;-,8'

- +8 =?,' T+, >,+7> - 9,< ' S=,7

>-=, - -78=7? 8= >

-, 9,< , >; ?=8 78 >, , -8 ;=? - +,

.,->, , +-=?+ 9 - 7=-7* >-=8,8 7-7" .,9.,

>-=, - 8 *9,< -9, * ;=? -, -,7 ,B;-,8 ;-8,8 -

- - 78 ?,,' ,B,7-7 -8 =,'

A-8 =77,,< @,

78 .=,''

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

' E, @7? --, I7 @7? 7

- >;-;,< 7=,8 - =.7 78 ;,>

78,=,< ;,8 @, >< 7,7 >77,'D- 7-

=, ,' C-7 ,,7 =7 @7? @+,,

@+ -,,8 @, >< ,= >< ,,, >,+"

7 +-9' I>;-;,< ;,8 7 7=7 - -+, >,

;' , -7< ?8

-78=- 7 8>;

.,>,7 - > 8,8 -78

.,9,' .-8 ;,,.,'""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

?' S@+, +-9 -> , -7< ,< ,7, ?8 @+ -;,7? +78,

+-9 -> , ;' 9,; ,., -> -=8,'

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

' T,>,7 - > - A , 9,< >,7 7+-9 'F=, - 8- +, ?+ ,,< ?-=; +-=8 .,

+7? >< >,7 8,+ - +, 7,8 - ;;< ="

>' ., ,=-7' A

,< 7;,- +-=8

- ., 7,8 78 .,

->;,,7 - 7

-+,'


117/156

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

30'% GENERAL RLES FOR SAFE SE OF ELECTRICITY IN

DOCKYARD AND ON #OARD SHIPS

#,=, - +, ;, 7=, - ,, @-9* ,>;-,7 >= ., =-= 78 , >, *,-?77? +, ,-=7, -

-7,=,7, @++ >?+ ,= -> >+;' T+,, , >7< =77;,8 78

=7== +;;,77? + 7 ,8 - -=., 7 ,, @-9' R,?8 ,,

,=;>,7 ;-,7< 87?,-='

A -?, +-=8 ., +78,8 ;-;,< 78 ,,7 ;.,' T-=., +--7? 78 >97?

-77,-7 - ,7,?,8 440 - = - +?+,* >= ., ;;-,8 .< ,,8,;>,7 =;,- 78 ,8 -= =78, =;,-7'

W+,7 7,,< - @-9 -7 - 7, , =* >;-7 - @-9 -7 -7, 78 - 7=, -78=- @++ >< ->, 7 -7 @+ +,

.-8,7 +7?

>-7? ; @+, 7 -;,-7'

S+= - ;-@, .,-, ,>-7? ?=8 -> >-- 8,7 ,=;>,7'

W+,7 7,,< - @-9 -7 7 ,, = - -+, ,, ,=;>,7 -

- 8>7, - ,>-, >+7,< 8,7 .< ,, >--* +, ;-;, @+,

>= ., -;,7,8 78 ??,8'

A 7 88-7 ;,=-7* =, >= - ., ;=,8 -= @+,, ;-8,8' N,, .8?, =, - =, =, @++ +,, +7 +, ;< - +, ='

R,;,8 =, +-=8 ., - +, >, ;< +-, ,>-,8'

F7?, 7?* .,, 78 >, @ @+, +-=8 7- ., @-7 .< ;,-7

@-97? @+ ,, ,=;>,7'

T? , - ., =,8 -7 @+, @+,7 +,, , -;,7,8 - ;,> @-9 -7 ,,

,=;>,7'


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E, @+, >= ., ??,8 ;-;,< .< =+-,8 ;,-7 @+,7 @-97? -7

,, >-- 8,7 ,=;>,7 '

N,, -, @+ @+-= +7? = 97-@,8?, -7,77? +, = 78 +,

,-7 @+< +, @+ @ ??,8 -;,7 ;,-=9, =, +

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Industrial Safety Hand Book