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Industrialization and the Gilded Age of Politics
I. Industrialization
1. Industrialization
2. Urbanization
3. Immigration
II. Technology
1. Edison
2. Ford
Technology (cont’d)
3. Other inventions1. Refrigeration
III. Labor
1. Work like robots.
2. Employers take control
3. Women and kids
4. Unsafe
5. No benefits
6. Strikes!—Great RR Strike of 1877
IV. Unions
1. Better pay, conditions, hours
2. Knights of Labor1. Blacks
2. Immigrants
3. Women
4. Skilled/Unskilled
3. Too general
Unions (cont’d)
4. Haymarket Riot 1886
5. American Federation
of Labor (AFL)
6. Skilled; org. by craft
7. No women, blacks,
Immigrants, unskilled
V. Women, Blacks, Immigrants
1. Women’s Trade Union League
2. Knights of Laboronly all inclusive union
VI. Corporate Giants
1. Supreme Court defends corporations as “citizens”!!
2. John D. Rockefeller
3. Horizontal Integration—One aspect of production
4. Monopoly
Corporate Giants (cont’d)
5. Andrew Carnegie
6. Vertical Integration—all aspects of an industry
7. U.S. Steel Corp.
8. JP Morgan
9. Financed such corporations
VII. Social Views
1. Darwin’s theory of “natural selection” is applied to humansSocial Darwinism
2. Survival of the fittest
3. Competition is good!
4. Wealthy used this as justification for their wealth
Social Views (cont’d)
5. Gospel of Wealth—Andrew Carnegie
6. Pursuit of wealth like a religion
7. Wealth means responsibility to give to the poor.
8. Money/Wealth is how success was measured
9. Many disagreed, of course
Social Views (cont’d)
10. Poor were viewed negatively
11. “You get what you deserve!”
VIII. Increase in Standard of Living
1. Mass goods
2. Mass ads
3. Luxury items
4. Rising incomesstatus symbols
Increase in Standard of Living (cont’d)
5. More Leisure Time!
The Great
Frysinger
Team
1900-1901
Vaudville
Forerunner to film
Yellow
Journalism
IX. Urbanization
1. 1880—U.S. Urban2. Many moved to citybetter life
opportunity3. Natural
resources+RR+Industrialization=Urban growth
4. Suburbsfor the wealthy5. Indoor plumbing, street lights, sewers,
etc.
Urbanization (cont’d)
6. Inner cities= slums
7. Dumbbell Tenements
8. Cheap brick
9. 4-6 stories
10.Very small
11.No water, no RR
12. RR in basement for whole building!!