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Industry Significance of 3D Printing to Transportation Planning, Goods Movement and Traffic Activities “The slow and patient work of refining and improving on existing technology will always be important. But what we need even more than the refinement of old ideas is the ability to develop new ideas and put them to work.” -- Henry Ford BY WILLIAM D. ANKNER, PHD AND ROBERT L. JAMES, ESQ. WEBINAR DECEMBER 21,2016

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Page 1: Industry Significance of 3D Printing to Transportation ...ittsresearch.org/adobe/3dprint/3d Presentation Final 2.pdf · Printing to Transportation Planning, Goods Movement and Traffic

Industry Significance of 3D Printing to Transportation

Planning, Goods Movement and Traffic Activities

“The slow and patient work of refining and improving on existing technology will always be important. But what we need even

more than the refinement of old ideas is the ability to develop new ideas and put them to work.”

-- Henry Ford

BY WILLIAM D. ANKNER, PHD AND ROBERT L. JAMES, ESQ.

WEBINAR DEC EMBER 21,2016

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3D Printing (aka Additive Manufacturing)

• 3D Printing or additive manufacturing is a layer-by-layer process of producing 3D objects directly from a digital model. It builds a finished product; and it can now combine diverse materials and allows for embedding electric circuitry. (There are different sub-technologies based on the construction materials and machines utilized).

• In contrast, conventional or subtractive manufacturing processes, such as drilling or milling, create a part or product by cutting away material from a larger piece. The process often requires assembly into the final product.

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3D is a “Disruptive” Technology

A disruptive technology is one that displaces an established technology and shakes up the industry or a ground-breaking product that creates a completely new industry (e.g. email, cell phones and laptop computing).

3D Disruptive Features:

• Multiple supply chain elements ( e.g. velocity, storage, infrastructure demand) are changed or eliminated

• Digitizes design and localizes production

• Value produced by creative use and small batch output -- not economies of scale

This technology and its impacts on DOTs are what this webinar is about

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HOW 3D Works

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Page 5: Industry Significance of 3D Printing to Transportation ...ittsresearch.org/adobe/3dprint/3d Presentation Final 2.pdf · Printing to Transportation Planning, Goods Movement and Traffic

Products of 3D sub technology

• Selective laser sintering – jet engine parts,

• Direct metal laser sintering (DML) -- rapid tooling development, medical implants,

• Fused disposition modeling (FDM) –– single and multipart prototyping, low-volume manufacturing of parts, including structural components.

• Stereolithography (SLA) -- rapid prototyping and for creating intricate shapes with high quality finishes, such as jewelry,

• Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) -- form/fit testing, rapid tooling patterns, and producing less detailed parts, potentially in full color.

• Inkjet-bioprinting – living cells

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Examples of 3D Printed Products

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Why DOTs Should Care about 3D?

• Significantly changes the pattern of business/supply chain for a substantial number of businesses.

• Result: A planning and operations challenge• New (more localized) trips and significant changes in global and regional supply

chain/ freight flows must be responded to.

• Changes the velocity of production – favoring smaller batches, customer tailored units and rapid delivery.

• Result: Creates new opportunities for asset management and improved project design and delivery. • Better prototyping and availability of materials tailored to the local environment.

• Reduction in required inventory and speedier parts replacement .

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Major Industries Prone to 3D Production/Supply Chain Impacts

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3D Supply Chain Transformation

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Page 10: Industry Significance of 3D Printing to Transportation ...ittsresearch.org/adobe/3dprint/3d Presentation Final 2.pdf · Printing to Transportation Planning, Goods Movement and Traffic

3D Global Supply Chain Impacts

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Emerging 3D Logistics Services Responses

• UPS Model – become service center and distributions mode for 3D printed materials• Attractive to US Post Office and European small package deliverers.

• Port of Rotterdam Model

• Created 3D Vessel parts supply center

• Service Bureau Model

• Staples and myriad other businesses have established local printed and Design Center.

• DOD Model

• Print supplies/weapons in the battlefield

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New Opportunities For Improved DOT Asset Management and Project Design And Delivery

• Reduce expensive just in case equipment inventories with less expensive, when needed 3-D production.

• Create rapid and cost-effective prototypes for complicated infrastructure design.

• Make stronger, better parts and components.

• Allows many projects to be totally fabricated on site.

• Negotiate transfer or favorable access terms for templates created for parts for subway cars, motor vehicles and service equipment, among other products to eliminate spare parts inventory’

• Use 3D printing to design special projects , (e.g. small bridges and building based on historical designs) as well as bus shelters and emergency cover.

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3D takeaways for DOTs

• The time to introduce 3D printing into DOT planning processes is now!

• DOTs should focus on training their staff to be savvy in understanding 3D development trends, their potential impacts to future infrastructure demand and the application/creation of 3D products for DOT uses.

• The US DOT needs to follow the example of other federal agencies – – particularly the military – – to help devotees respond to 3D threats and opportunities.

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End Notes

• Slide 2 – 3D definition http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/3d-printing.html

• Slide 3 – Disruptive Technology definition, whatis.techtarget.com/definition/disruptive-technology

• Slide 4 -- How #D Printing Works, Annamalai Pandian and Cameron Belavek, A review of recent trendsand challenges in 3D printing, from Proceedings of the 2016 ASEE North Central Section ConferenceCopyright © 2016, American Society for Engineering Education

• Slide 5 – Global Impacts Chart, James Manyika, Michael Chui, Jacques Bughin, Richard Dobbs, Peter Bisson, and Alex Marrs, Disruptive Technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy, McKinsey Global Report. 2013

• Slide 6 – Pictures of 3DProducts, Free 3D Images from Google

• Slide 8 -- Major Industries Prone to 3D Production/Supply Chain Impacts, CSC’s Study, 3D Printing and the Future of Manufacturing.

• Slide 9 -- 3D Supply Chain Transformation Figure, A, Wieland, scmereasearch.org

• Slide 10 -- 3DGlobal Supply Chain Impacts, Jones Lang LaSalle EM EA research, The Impact of 3D Printing on Supply Chains [infographic], printed it industry Week, July 15, 2013

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William D. Ankner PhD Background• Over 40 years of executive transportation management, including CEO

positions in 2 DOTs, and Executive Director of the Missouri Transportation Institute (MTI).

• Impact of technology on transportation has been a constant element in all my 40 years of transportation management- be it the introduction of desk top computers at the PANYNJ; CADDs at DelDOT; accurate GIS deployment in surveying at RIDOT; asset management software deployment at LaDOTD; mobile phone signals as probes for traffic information at MTI for MoDOT; primary author of FHWA’s Regional Mobility Study- using technology to improve mobility.

• Following 3D printing for years and it is has now developed to a point where it will start having disruptive impacts on transportation that I would have been investing in for the DOTs I managed.

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Background – Bob James

Bob has over the 40 years experience in transportation law, policy, strategic and program planning as well as speech writing and external program coordination. His transportation experience began in Washington DC as a staff attorney with the Interstate Commerce Commission, and later with the American Trucking Associations. Later he focused on diverse transportation policy matters as an Transportation Appropriations Staff Member to Congressman Silvio Conte and as the Senior Research Associate for the Coalition of Northeaster Governors (CONEG).

Mr. James spent the core of this transportation career with the Port Authority Of New York and New Jersey, within its Planning and Port Departments. His work assignments there included management of a bistate public-private sector planning and advocacy group, development of agency-wide strategic planning and as an policy and planning coordinator with bistate and federal agencies. Bob also spent nearly 5 years on assignment to the New Jersey Department of Transportation, where he worked as a freight program aide to the Assistant Commissioner for Planning.

Upon retirement from the Port Authority two years ago, Bob has worked with Michael Gallis and Associates as part of the consulting team that assisted the Nevada Department of Transportation in the completion of its state freight plan --focusing on its strategic context and long range freight planning elements. In doing so, Bob became familiar with the potentially disruptive effects of 3-D printing on the transportation supply chain and was pleased to have this opportunity to join with his longtime friend, Bill Ankner in further exploring its implications for state transportation officials.

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