http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Js5A9xqqaC0&feature=related;

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http://z.about.com/d/geography/1/0/Q/B/tord1.jpg

England circa 1600

Religious background

Economic background

Political background

Jamestown 1607http://www.history.com/minisites/jamestownanniversary/

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“What will it avalle you to take that by force you may quickly have by love, or to destroy them that provide you food. What can you get by warre, when we can hide our provisions and fly to the woods? Whereby you must famish by wronging us your friends. And why are you thus jealous of our loves seeing us unarmed, and both doe, and are willing still to feede you, with that you cannot get but by our labours?

TOBACCO PLANT: LABOR INTENSIVE…1618…JOHN ROLFE

1619HTTP://WWW.HISTORY.ORG/ALMANACK/PLACES/HB/CAPPC2.JPG

HTTP://WWW.JAMD.COM/SEARCH?ASSETTYPE=G&ASSETID=56248520&TEXT=JAMESTOWN+SLAVES

The Haves1700s

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GOVERNOR’S PALACE/ WILLIAMSBURGFINISHED 1722

STRATFORD HALLLEE FAMILY HOME

BUILT 1730

Rebellion … 1676 HTTP://WWW.STOCKTON.EDU/~GILMOREW/0COLHIS/SOU22.JPG

THE BURNING OF JAMESTOWN, 1676 1901PYLE, HOWARD(1853-1911 AMERICAN)LITHOGRAPH PRIVATE COLLECTION

Plymouth, 1620HTTP://WWW.HISTORYPLACE.COM/UNITEDSTATES/REVOLUTION/REVGFX/MAY-COMPACT.JPG

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PuritansGreat Migration 1630-40

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Puritans Go from persecuted minority

to intolerant majority Quakers Banishment Law Theocracy? Salem and witches 1700 Anglicans arrive

OLD NORTH CHURCH BOSTON

Exceptions to the rule…RHODE ISLAND AND ROGER WILLIAMS ANNE HUTCHINSON

Penn’s Holy Experiment John Adams claimed that PA

contained “Roman Catholics, English Episcopalians, Scotch and American Presbyterians, Methodists, Moravians, Anabaptists, German Lutherans, Cerman Calvinists, Universalists, Arians, Priestleyans, Socinans, Independents, Congregationalists,…Deists andAtheists” (Holmes)

AND…

The QuakersARCH STREET FRIENDS

MEETING HOUSE PHILADELPHIA

Salvation from within… through your inward light/conscience/soul … the Divine spark

Step towards power of the individual

Everyone can be saved 1750s no longer the key political

power… have moved to social activism…women play key roles

THE QUESTIONING OF INSTITUTIONS AND TRADITIONS

Enlightenment, Awakenings, Evolving

American Revolutionary creeds and dogma

The Great Awakening 1730s – 1770s Various reasons … Led to waves of revivals Traditional services vs Evangelical

happenings“and therefore a divine revelation must

be a collection of rays of light…” (Samuel Davies’ sermon The Divine Authority of the Christian Religion)

Black and white audiences

George Whitefield Wesleyan Anglican

from GB 1739 – 42 tour from

GA to NE “gales of the heavenly wind” sermons

Crowds of up to 6,000

Media savvy The Spiritual Travels

of Nathan Cole

Jonathan Edwards “Our people do not so much need to have their

heads stored as to have their hearts touched.” and it was a “reasonable thing to endeavor to fright persons away from hell.”

“The bow of god’s wrath is bent and the arrow made ready on the string, and justice bends the arrow at your heart, and strains the bow, and it is nothing but the mere pleasure of God, and that of an angry God, without any promise or obligation at all that keeps the arrow one moment from being made drunk with you blood.” Sinners in the Hand… (all quotes from text: America)

Imitators abound, spiritual enthusiasm hard to control, revival of traditional

religion takes new direction

Split established churches Natural law led to Unitarianism

and Universalism New style of preaching New colleges in North Missionary movement in the

South

YEOCOMICO BAPTIST CHURCH

MT. SHILOH BAPTIST CHURCH

Awakening results: Questioning of authority Ignoring the power of C of E

bishops over Anglicans …can lead to same questioning of King

Strengthens the sense of the individual

Intercolonial contact via media

The Enlightenment Science … Newton and the Natural

Laws of the Universe Deists and Voltaire’s “Supreme

Architect” Locke’s Essay on Human Understanding

Use of Reason is the highest Virtue God established divine law and the law can be

discovered through reason. Human mind can be used to understand what God

intended American elite receptive to these ideas. What about the common person?