Information System and Types

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Information system and itstypes

Section(IA):

Amal Awadh 3151075

Eman Majed 3151262

Bashayr Abdullah 3151151


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What is information system?1. An information system consists of three components: human, task,application system. In this view information are defined in the threelevels of semiotics. Data which can be automatically processed bythe application system correspond to the syntax-level. In contextwith an individual who interprets the data they become information,which correspond to the semantic-level. Information becomeknowledge, when an individual knows (understand) and evaluates

the information (e.g. for a specific task). This corresponds to thepragmatic-level

2. A system, whether automated or manual, that comprises people,machines, and/or methods organized to collect, process, transmit,and disseminate data that represent user information

3. RAW DATA + PROCESS = MEANINGFUL INFORMATION. Thisconcept where Raw Data which has hardly any meaning isProcessed and the Outcome which results in Meaningful informationis simply understood as the Information System. For example addingof two numbers. The two numbers are just Raw Data that meannothing for a start but the addition process when applied to the two

numbers will result in a meaningful answer. Thus Informationsystems are born where systems are created and put into place to


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Why study Information Systems?

Information systems arecritical to business, andplay a central role insupporting strategic,operational, managerial,

and financial objectives.. Our Information Systems

graduates have beenemployed by the likes ofMcKinsey, Dimension Data,

SARS, KPMG, Deloitte,Standard Bank and Oracle,to name a few. Solutionsdesigner

APPLICATIONS OFINFORMATION SYSTEM

Sales analysis,

2. Product Pricing,

3. Sales and inventory

processing andaccounting System

4. Geographic Informationsystems

5. Health Care Information

Systems

6. Banking InformationSystem

7. Petroleum Refining System

8. Power Generation System9. Steel Production S stem


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Types of Information Systems

1-Transaction Processing System (TPS)

2-Management information system (MIS)

3-Decision support system (DSS)

4- Office Automation Systems (OAS)

5- Communication Systems


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A computerized system that performs and

records daily routine transactions necessary to

the conduct of the business

TPSs are information systems that process data

resulting from the occurrence of business

transactions

Example: payroll system; production instructions

Transaction Processing System

(TPS)


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Transaction Processing System

(TPS)


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provides information for managing an organization Extract and summarize data from TPSs

Allow managers to monitor & direct theorganization

Provide accurate feedback

Provide pre-specified reports on a scheduled basis

Top makmanagers make strategic decisions-

Middle managers make tactical decisions-Line managers e operations decisions-

-Knowledge workers create and integrate knowledge

- Clerical workers use and manipulate information

Management information system

(MIS)


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Decision support system (DSS)

an interactive information system thatprovides

information, models, and data manipulation

toolsto help make decisions in semi-structuredand

unstructured situations

Support analytical work

Simulation and Optimization

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

Executive information system (EIS(


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Office Automation Systems(OAS)

Help people perform personal record

keeping, writing, and calculations

efficiently Main types of tools include:

o Spreadsheet programs

Text & image processing systemso Personal database systems and note-

taking system


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Communication Systems

I. Sharing information in many differentforms

II. Teleconferencing

III. Audio conferencingIV. Audio-graphic conferencing

V. Videoconferencing

VI. E-mail, Voice Mail, and FaxVII. Instant Messaging and Chat

VIII. Groupware

IX. Intranets and Extranets


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Advantages and disadvantages of aninformation system?

A good information system allows the user toaccess, understand and respond toinformation quickly and effectively.Whenever necessary, users can get themost accurate information needed to do anactivity. A good information system alsooffers users a variety of ways to change

and present information, as well as performdifferent tasks.


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Advantages and disadvantages of aninformation system?(cont)

Information systems may not always functionproperly. This happens for a number ofreasons. Systems break down, interruptingsmooth operations and causing customerdissatisfaction. For instance, customersmay be charged for the wrong services orfor merchandise that they did not order.

Also, defective information systems candeliver the wrong information to othersystems, which could create furtherproblems for the company and its customer.


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Information System and technologies

Information System and technologies have become a vitalcomponent of successful businesses and organizations.

Information System means an interconnected set ofinformation resources under the same direct managementcontrol that shares common functionality. A system normallyincludes hardware, software, information, data, applications,communications and people, while an information system isthe arrangement of people, data, processes, presentation ofdata and information technology that supports our everydayneeds. It is actually technologically implemented medium for

recording, storing, and disseminating linguistic expressions,as well as for drawing conclusions from such expressions.The computer technology is used for implementinginformation systems.


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Thank you

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Information System and Types