İNGİLİZCE 5 - aok.meb.gov.traok.meb.gov.tr/pdf/ingilizce_5.pdf · t.c. mİllÎ eĞİtİm bakanliĞi aÇik ÖĞretİm okullari aÇik ÖĞretİm lİsesİ – meslekİ aÇik ÖĞretİm

T.C.MİLLÎ EĞİTİM BAKANLIĞIAÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI

AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ – MESLEKİ AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ

İNGİLİZCE5

ANKARA 2017

YAZARLAR

KOMİSYON

DERS NOTU

MEB HAYAT BOYU ÖĞRENME GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ YAYINLARI

AÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI DERS NOTLARI DİZİSİ

Copyright © MEB Her hakkı saklıdır ve Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına aittir. Tümü ya da bölümleri izin

alınmadan hiçbir şekilde çoğaltılamaz, basılamaz ve dağıtılamaz.

Yazar : İrfan BAYGÜL / Gürsel YEŞİLOĞLU

Grafik : Hatice DEMİRER

Resimleme : Sevgi MERT

Kapak : Güler ALTUNÖZ

İÇİNDEKİLER

UNIT ONE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT

Our Future _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11

Simple Past Tense & Past Continuous Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16

Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25

UNIT TWOJOBS

Memories _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33

The Present Perfect Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37

Used to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48

Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53

UNIT THREETECHNOLOGY

Inventions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 61

Simple Future Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 65

Tag Questions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 71

Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 76

UNIT FOROUR WORLD

(Life in Big Cities) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 83

Comparative Adjectives And Adverbs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 87

Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 100

BIBLIOGRAPHY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 105

UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106

UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 108

UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 111

UNIT FOUR CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 114

UNIT ONE

NATURE AND ENVIROMENT

(DOĞA VE ÇEVRE)

10

İNGİLİZCE FIVE (İNGİLİZCE 5)

NELER ÖĞRENECEĞİZ?

Bu ünitenin sonunda;

1. Doğa ve Çevre ile ilgili bir okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek ,konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek,

2. Geçmişte olmuş bitmiş bir eylemi anlatabilecek,

3. Geçmişte yaptığımız bir eylem sırasında meydana gelen başka bir eylemi ifade edebileceksiniz.

NASIL ÇALIŞMALIYIZ

– Konuyu dikkatle okuyunuz.

– Konuda geçen yeni kelimeleri öğreniniz.

– Konu içinde karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.

– Alıştırmaları yapmadan önce örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz.

– Alıştırmaları ve testleri çözdükten sonra kontrol edip yanlış yaptığınız alış-tırmaları ve testlerin konularına tekrar çalışınız.


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Part One

Our Future (Geleceğimiz)

The development of the tecnology made our life easier but it brought also some disadvantages to our lives. Our life style has changed since the de-velopment of tecnology. People began to live in big cities instead of rural areas. Small towns and vil-lages began to disappear slowly.

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Enviromental pollution is not only a problem in our country but it is a big problem all over the world. People began to live in big cities. Every day the rush-ing hour is a big problem for all of us. Everywhere are buildings, it is difficult to see green areas in big cities. Years ago there were not such big cities. To make new buildings mankind began to cut the forests and made modern buildings. At first they were not aware of the danger they caused to the nature. People said it was just a few trees they cut. Later, it was understood that it was not only the trees but it was the future of mankind they cut. Can you imagine that there were forests in the Central Anatolia Region in the past? But now there is not.

Global warming, air pollution, wasting and luxury, desertation, asit rain has has ruined the nature. We have destroyed the balance of nature. By cutting the trees some animals and plants have become extinct. Immediate precautions should be taken for it.


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Cutting the forests, polluting the air and water will bring the end of the world. We have to give seminars and make campaigns to make people aware of nature and enviroment. People have to protect the natural resources. Otherwise we won’t have air to breathe.

Some projects have been made by volun-teers with the support of Turkish Scientific and Tecnological Research in-stitution (TÜBİTAK). Some students choosen from high schools went to Ye-digöller region last sum-mer and examined the soul, water and air for ten days in order to be con-scious to natural problems and the importance of the balance of the nature. Ex-pert educators and expe-rienced academicans educated the participants not only in labratories but also in the nature itself. The participants have got theoretic knowledge and just after they have put it into practise in the nature itself.

At the end of the project the view of the students to the nature changed po-sitivelly.

More projects like this should be done. Newspapers and televisions programs should be made to have enviromentally friendly individuals. Think, ask, do researc-hes and protect the nature with a scientific wiev.

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Words: Kelimeler

developement : gelişme tecnology : teknolojieasy : kolaybrought (v2) : getirmekdisadvantages : dezavantajlarlife : yaşam, hayatlifestyle : yaşam biçimicanged (v2) : değişmekbegan (v2) : başlamakbig cities : büyük şehirlerinstead : ….. yerinerural areas : kırsal alanlarsmall towns : küçük köylervillage : kasabadisappear : yok olmakslowly : yavaşçaenviromental pollution : çevre kirliliğirushing hour : iş saatieverywhere : her yer building : binadifficult to see : görmesi zorgreen area : yeşil alanmankind : insanoğlucut : kesmekforest : ormanmodern building : modern binaaware of danger : tehlikenin farkında olmak cause : sebepnature : doğacut : kesmek


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1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.

1. The development of the tecnology made our life more difficult / easier.

2. Enviromental pollution is a big problem only in our country / all over the world.

3. By cutting the ropes / the trees some animals and plants become extinct.

4. Some teachers / students choosen from schools went to Yedigöller region last summer.

5. The participants got theoretic knowledge and just after they put it in practise in the nature / the labratory itself.

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.

1. Did our lifestyle change with the development of tecnology?

2. What did mankind do to make modern buildings?

3. What happened to small towns and villages?

4. Were there forests in Central Anatolia in the past?

5. Did mankind destroy the nature?

6. What will bring the end of the world?

7. Which institude supports enviromental projects?

8. Did the participants got theoretic knowledge?

9. Did the view of the students change positivelly at the end of the project?

10. Are you an enviromental friendly person?

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Part Two

Simple Past Tense &Past Continuous Tense

İngilizce 3-4 ders notunda “Simple Past” ve “Past Continuous Tense” lerin kul-lanımından detaylı olarak bahsetmiştik. Bu ünitede iki zaman arasındaki farkı ve her iki zamanın kullanım alanlarını göreceğiz.

Geçmişte olmuş – bitmiş bir olaydan bahsederken “Simple Past Tense” kul-lanılır.

– I played football yesterday.

(Dün futbol oynadım.)

– Linda went to Rome at the weekend.

(Linda hafta sonu Roma’ya gitti.)

– I didn’t eat anything yesterday.

(Dün hiçbir şey yemedim.)

Geçmişte ardı ardına meydana gelmiş iki olaydan bahsederken “Simple Past Tense” kullanılır.

– I went to the theatre and watched the play.

(Tiyatroya gittim ve oyunu seyrettim.)


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– She opened her computer and checked her e-mails.

(Bilgisayarını açtı ve elektronik postalarını kontrol etti.)

– Ayhan stood up, said good bye and went.

(Ayhan ayağa kalktı, hoşça kal dedi ve gitti.)

Geçmişte belli bir süre devam eden bir eylemi anlatırken”Past Continuous Tense” kullanılır.

– I was playing football.

(Futbol oynuyordum.)

– They were sunbathing.

(Onlar güneşleniyordu.)

– The baby was sleeping.

(Bebek uyuyordu.)

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Geçmişte devam eden bir eylemi anlık bir eylem bölüyorsa, devam eden eylem “Past Continuous Tense”, anlık eylem “Simple Past Tense” ile ifade edilir. Bu iki zamandaki cümleleri birleştirirken “when” ve “while” kullanılır.

Anlık eylemlerin önüne “when” getiririz.

Devam eden eylemlerin önüne “while” getiririz.

Aşağıdaki cümleyi okuyunuz ve açıklamayı dikkatle inceleyiniz.

– An eartquake happened while we were sleeping. (Biz uyurken deprem oldu.)

Depremin olması anlık bir eylemdir. Anlık bir eylem olduğu için de “Simple Past Tense” kullanılmıştır.

Uyumamız ise uzun sürelidir. Uzun süreli olduğu için “Past Continuous Ten-se” kullanılmıştır.

“sleeping (uyumak)” uzun süreli olduğu için “while” ile kullanılmıştır. Aynı cümleyi “when” kullanarak da yazabiliriz. Ancak bu sefer “when” i anlık

eylemin başına getirmemiz gerekir.– When the earthqake happened, we were sleeping. (Deprem olduğunda biz uyuyorduk.)


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– I was playing football when the rain started.

(Yağmur başladığında ben futbol oynuyordum.)

– What were you doing when I phoned you?

(Seni telefonla aradığımda ne yapıyordun?)

– We were waiting at the bus stop when it began to rain.

(Yağmur yağmaya başladığında biz otobüs durağında bekliyorduk.)

– I was reading a book when the phone rang.

(Telefon çaldığında kitap okuyordum.)

– The bell rang while I was having a bath.

(Ben banyo yaparken zil çaldı.)

Bazı eylemleri hem “Simple Past” hem de “Past Continuous Tense” ile ifade edebiliriz.

Bu durumda anlam farkı olacaktır. Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz:

Past Continuous Tense

– What were you doing last evening?

(Dün akşam ne yapıyordun?)

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– I was studying lesson.

(Ders çalışıyordum.)

Simple Past Tense

– I studied lesson.

(Ders çalıştım.)

Ancak bazı fiiller “-ing” takısı almadıkları için “Past Continuous Tense” ile kullanılamaz. Bu fillerden yaygın olarak kullanılanlar aşağıda verilmiştir:

believe : inanmak know : bilmekunderstand : anlamak see : görmeklove : sevmek promise : söz vermeklike : hoşlanmak dislike : hoşlanmamakhate : nefret etmek mean : demek istemek, kastetmekthink : düşünmek

Doğru Kullanım Yanlış KullanımI believed you. (Sana inandım.) I was believing you.

He understood easily. (O kolay anladı.) He was understanding easily.

Alan loved cats very much. (Alan kedileri çok severdi.)

Alan was loving cats very much.

I liked hot chocolate. (Sıcak çikolatayı çok sev-dim.)

I was liking hotchocolate.

Ali hated rats. (Ali sıçanlardan nefret ederdi.) Ali was hating rats.

I thought. (Düşündüm.) I was thinking.

I knew the answer. (Cevabı bildim.) I was knowing the answer.

I saw. (Gördüm.) I was seeing.

Linda promised to help me. (Linda bana yar-dım etmeye söz verdi.)

Linda was promising to help me.

She disliked me. (O benden hoşlanmadı.) She was disliking me.

I meant….(... demek istedim.) I was meaning…


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3. Aşağıdaki cümleleri “Simple Past Tense” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drink) five cups of coffee in ten minutes.

2. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to the cinema and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) a film last weekend.

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) the shopping?

4. The students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a difficult exam yesterday.

5. His car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (break) down on the way to work.

6. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not clean) her room.

7. My grandmother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (die) two years ago.

8. Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (forget) your umbrella?

9. How many cakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat)?

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) you a present for your birthday?


1. The students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (play) voleyball in the school garden.

2. Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) yesterday morning?

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sleep) at ten o’clock yesterday?

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cook) the meal in the kitchen when you went home?

5. Esra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (clean) her room in the morning.

6. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) two hours ago?

7. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (having) a picnic near a lake last weekend.

8. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wash) the dishes in the kitchen a few minutes ago.

9. The dog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (bark) during the night.

10. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) the football match on TV last night.

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5. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “Simple Past Tense” ya da “Past Continuous Tense” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. When the postman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (arrive), I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a bath.

2. When I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) young, I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drink) two glass-es of milk.

3. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (miss) the bus because she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wake) up late.

4. The thieves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (came) into the house while they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) holiday.

5. My mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (clean) the house, when she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fall) down and injured herself.

6. The children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) a cartoon when the electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) off.

7. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) picnic when the rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (start).

8. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (prepare) breakfast while my wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sleep).

9. The man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drive) very fast when he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (had) the terrible accident.

10. The children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (walk) in the forest when the wolves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (attack) them.

6. Aşağıdaki cümleleri “when” ya da “while” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. I was eating a hamburger at the canteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Betty came.

2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I met her, he was talking to his geography teacher.

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the baby was sleeping, the dog barked so the baby woke up.

4. Ayla cut her finger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . she was cutting the meat.

5. The painter was painting the room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . he fell off the ladder.

6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I got up this morning my parents were watching TV.

7. I called the ambulance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I saw the accident.


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8. The family was having dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . they heard the explosion.

9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my grandfather was showing us his old photographs, the electricity went off.

10. The students were playing in the garden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the school bell rang.


1. while / the meal / was watching / burnt / a / film. / The woman / she

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. The students / in the class / were fighting / came in. / when / the teacher

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Ali / was watching / a film / his brother / reading / was / a book. / while

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Tom / While / was doing / his friend / him. / visited / his homework

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. started/ When / it / to rain / the children / in the garden. / were playing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. She / an accident / while / was walking / she /on / road. the / had

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. They / were having / when / rang. / doorbell / breakfast / the

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. I / When / went / it / was snowing. / out

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. When / I / him, / he / at / was sitting / a cafee /saw

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. While / were sleeping, / the / rang / bell / we

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri eşleştiriniz.

1. I saw an accident a. while she was chopping the onions.

2. The students were playing with a ball b. while he was driving?

3. What were you doing c. while I was riding it.

4. The electricity went off d. when I phoned you?

5. Was the man wearing his seatbelt e. when their teacher came in.

6. The boat sank down f. when it exploded.

7. The bicycle broke down g. while the electrician was re- pairing the TV.

8. The poor child was playing with h. while they were sailing in a handbomb the sea.

9. She got wet i. while I was walking on the street.

10. My mother cut her finger j. when it rained.


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UNIT ONE (TEST)

1. While we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at the breakfast table, the telephone rang.

A) were sitting B) was sitting C) is sitting D) are sitting

2. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . breakfast when the telephone rang.

A) is having B) was having C) were having D) are having

3. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a picnic when the rain started.

A) was having B) was have C) is having D) were having

4. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tea in a cafe when I saw him.

A) was drinking B) is drink C) did drink D) were drinking

5. While the children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in the garden their parents were watching TV.

A) are playing B) were play C) is play D) were playing

26


6. Tom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to a football match yesterday.

A) went B) was go C) go D) is go

7. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tea when I arrived.

A) are drink B) were drink C) is drinking D) were drinking

8. We were having dinner when the electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . off.

A) go B) went C) going D) is go

9. It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to rain while I was watering the flowers.

A) begin B) begins C) beginned D) began

10. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a lot of friendly people when I visited Egypt.

A) meet B) met C) meeting D) is meet

11. He was drinking coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . he saw an old friend.

A) when B) while C) who D) which


27

12. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to Frankfurt last Saturday.

A) go B) goes C) will go D) went

13. Mr Broom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in his office yesterday. He was at a meeting all day long.

A) was B) did C) is D) wasn’t

14. While they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . they heard an announcement.

A) were speaking B) was speaking C) is speaking D) are speak

15. While the theacher was speaking, the door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A) open B) opens C) opened D) was open

16. James . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a taxi to his hotel.

A) took B) take C) is taking D) taked

17. When the plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . it was midnight.

A) lands B) was landed C) landed D) landing

28


18. While he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to his office, he saw an accident.

A) was walked B) is walking C) was walking D) walks

19. When Tom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to his house, he phoned to his friend.

A) arrived B) arriving C) was arriving D) is arriving

20. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lesson when the guests came.

A) was study B) is study C) was studying D) study

21. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when I saw him.

A) was runnig B) is running C) runned D) runner

22. The children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when their parents arrived home.

A) sleeping B) is sleeping C) was slept D) were sleeping

23. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a book when she called.

A) was read B) is read C) was reading D) reads


29

24. When the phone rang, she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a bath.

A) was have B) is having C) was hasing D) was having

25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tom was sleeping last night, someone stole his motorbike.

A) When B) While C) Where D) Who

UNIT TWO

JOBS

(MESLEKLER)

32



Bu ünitenin sonunda:

1. İki kişi arasında geçen bir diyaloğu okuyup anlayabilecek,

2. Okuduğunuz konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek,

3. Yeni bir yer hakkında bilgi edinecek,

4. Geçmişte olmuş fakat etkisi devam eden bir eylemi ifade edebilecek,

5. Geçmiş alışkanlıklarınızdan bahsedebileceksiniz.


– Konu içinde ilk kez karşılaştığınız kelimeleri ve kalıpları okuma parçasının sonunda verilen tablodan öğreniniz.

– Alıştırmalardan önce yönergeleri dikkatle okuyunuz.

– Alıştırmalardan önce verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz ve alıştırmaları çözmeye başlayınız.

– Alıştırmaları çözdükten sonra cevap anahtarından kontrol ederek yanlış yaptığınız alıştırmanın konusuna tekrar çalışınız.


33

Part One

Memories (Hatıralar)

Aşağıda verilen diyaloğu okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.

Hi everybody! This is Tom from Radio 66. Have you ever been to Africa? Did you see the jungles and the wild animals? Now we are going to listen to a special person. His name is Mr Thomson. He has been in Gambia for some years.

Tom : Hello Mr. Thomson. We know that you been to Africa for some time. When did yo go there? How long have you lived there?

Mr Thomson : I went to South Africa ten years ago. I have lived in Gambia for five years. I worked in a gold mine as an engineer. But I haven’t been there since then.

Mr. Anderson : Did you like Gambia?

Mr Thomson : Yes, it is a nice country and the people are very friendly. I have had lots of friends there.

Mr. Anderson : Why did you return to England?

Tom : I got married and my wife didn’t want to stay there.

34


Mr Thomson : How long have you been married?

Mr Thomson : I have been married since 2008.

Tom : What does your wife do?

Mr Thomson : She is a doctor in the Central Hospital in London.

Tom : How long has she worked there?

Mr Thomson : She has worked there for six years.

Tom : Do you miss Gambia?

Mr Thomson : I don’t miss it but I miss my friends. I have lots of friends the-re. I want to go there in the summer holiday with my wife. I missed my old friends there.

Tom : Did you have an interesting memory there?

Mr Thomson : Oh, yes I have a memory which I can’t forget for the rest of my life.

Tom : Can you tell about it shortly?

Mr Thomson : It was my first day in Banjul and I wanted to walk in the fo-rest.

First everything was normal, it was one of the most beautiful scenes I have ever seen. I was walking with great pleasure when suddenly I heard a strange noise behind me.

I looked backwards. I couldn’t believe my eyes. A poisonous snake was coming towards me. I began to run as fast as I co-uld. I was lucky because the snake didn’t bite me, otherwise I would definetely die. Later I learned that the most dangero-us snakes were living in that forest. After that I never went to the forest alone.

But that was all I didn’t have a bad memory. I can never for-get those days.

Tom : Thanks for your nice interview Mr.Thomson.


35

Words: Kelimeler

jungle : balta girmemiş ormanwild animals : yabani hayvanlargold mine : altın madenispecial person : özel bir kişicountry : ülkenice : hoşfriendly : arkadaş canlısıreturn : geri dönmekhospital : hastanemiss : özlemekmemory : anı, hatırarest : kalan kısmıscene : manzarapleasure : keyifsuddenly : birden, anidenstrange noise : tuhaf sesbehind : arkabackwards : geriyepoisonous : zehirlitowards : -e doğrulucky : şanslısnake : yılanbite : ısırmakotherwise : yoksa, aksi takdirdedefinetely : kesinlikledie : ölmekmost dangerous : en tehlikeliforest : ormaninterview : röportaj

36



1. Mr.Thomson has been to America / Africa.

2. Her wife is / isn’t a doctor.

3. Mr. Thomson worked in a coal / gold mine as an engineer.

4. Her wife wanted / didn’t want to stay in Gambia .

5. Mr.Thomson has / hasn’t got many friends in Gambia.


1. When did Mr. Thomson go to Gambia?

2. What is Mr. Thomson’s job?

3. Are the people in Gambia friendly?

4. How long has he been married?

5. What is Mrs. Thomson’s job?

6. Where does Mrs. Thomson work?

7. Does Mr. Thomson miss Gambia?

8. Does Mr. Thomson miss his friends?

9. Did Mr.Thomson stay in Banjul?

10. What did Mr. Thomson do in his first day in Banjul?


37

Part Two

The Present Perfect Tense“Present Perfect Tense” geçmişte başlamış etkisi ya da kendisi devam eden ey-

lemleri anlatmak için kullanılır.

– My car has broken down.(Arabam bozuldu.) Bu cümleden arabamın hâlâ bozuk olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

– I have lived in England for ten years.

(On sene İngiltere’de yaşadım.)

– I have been in this city since 2001.

(2001’den beri bu şehirdeyim.)

– Tom hasn’t seen his uncle for a long time.

(Tom amcasını uzun bir süredir görmedi.)

38


“Present Perfect Tense”te yapı şu şekildedir:

S + have / has + V3 + O

I / you / we / they have he / she / it has

Bu zamanda fiil olumlu cümlede S + have / has V3 + O

I/you/we/they have

he/she/it has

I have watched that film.(O filmi seyrettim.)

Ayşe has watched that film.(Ayşe o filmi seyretti.)

Olumsuz cümlede S + haven’t / hasn’t V3 + O

I/you/we/they haven’t

he/she/it hasn’t

We haven’t gone on a picnic.(Biz pikniğe gitmedik.)

Ahmet hasn’t eaten anything.(Ahmet hiçbir şey yemedi.)

Soru cümlesinde Have / Has + S + V3 + O

Have I/you/we/they

Has he/she/it

Have the workers repaired the roof?(İşçiler çatıyı tamir ettiler mi?)

Has he woken up?(O uyandı mı?)


39

“Present Perfect Tense” te fiil 3.halde kullanılır.

Düzenli fiillerin sonuna – ed getirilir. Düzensiz filler aşağıdaki tabloda verilmiş-tir.

V1 V2 V3

be (olmak) was/were been

begin (başlamak) began begun

bite (ısırmak) bit bitten/bit

blow (esmek, üflemek) blew blown

break (kırmak) broke broken

bring (getirmek) brought brought

buy (satın almak) bought bought

catch (yakalamak) caught caught

choose (seçmek) chose chosen

come (gelmek) came come

dive (suya dalmak) dived/dove dived

do (yapmak) did done

draw (çizmek) drew drawn

dream (düş kurmak) dreamed/dreamt dreamt

drink (içmek) drank drunk

drive (araç sürmek) drove driven

drown (suda boğulmak) drowned drowned

eat (yemek yemek) ate eaten

fall (düşmek) fell fallen

fight (dövüşmek) fought fought

fly (uçmak) flew flown

forget (unutmak) forgot forgotten

40


forgive (affetmek) forgave forgiven

freeze (donmak) froze frozen

get (almak, ele geçirmek vb.) got got/gotten

give (vermek) gave given

go (gitmek) went gone

grow (büyümek) grew grown

hang (asmak) hung hung

hide (saklamak, gizlemek) hid hidden

know (bilmek) knew known

lay (yaymak, sermek) laid laid

lead (yönetmek, yönlendirmek) led led

lie (yalan söylemek, uzanmak) lay lain

lose (kaybetmek) lost lost

prove (ispat etmek) proved proved/proven

ride (ata, iki tekerli araca binmek) rode ridden

ring (zil, telefon vb. çalmak) rang rung

rise (çıkmak, yükselmek) rose risen

run (koşmak) ran run

see (görmek) saw seen

seek (araştırmak) sought sought

set (kurmak, hazırlamak) set set

shake (çalkalamak) shook shaken

sing (şarkı söylemek) sang sung

sink (batmak) sank sunk

sit (oturmak) sat sat


41

– I have done my homework.

(Ev ödevimi yaptım.)

– My wife has cleaned the living room.

(Eşim oturma odasını temizledi.)

Bu cümleden oturma odasının hâlâ temiz olduğunu anlıyoruz.

speak (konuşmak) spoke spoken

steal (çalmak, aşırmak) stole stolen

swim (suda yüzmek) swam swum

swing (sallanmak, sallamak) swung swung

take (almak, götürmek) took taken

tear (yırtmak) tore torn

tell (söylemek) told told

throw (atmak, fırlatmak) threw thrown

use (kullanmak) used used

wake (uyanmak, uyandırmak) woke/waked woke/woken/waked

wear (giymek) wore worn

write (yazmak) wrote written

42


Aynı cümleyi “Simple Past Tense” ile de ifade edebiliriz. Ancak bu durum-da odanın temiz olup olmadığı bilinemez. Çünkü “Simple Past Tense” geçmişte olmuş bitmiş olayları ifade eder, şu an ile herhangi bir bağlantısı yoktur. Aynı cümlenin “Simple Past Tense” ile yazılmış hâlini inceleyelim:

My wife cleaned the living room. (Eşim oturma odasını temizledi.)

Bu cümlede odanın geçmişte temizlendiğini anlıyoruz. Ancak şu an oda kirli de olabilir, temiz de olabilir. Bu konuda herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır.

NOT

Geçmişte başlamış bir olayın ne kadar süredir devam ettiğini belirtmek için “for”, başlangıç noktasından şu ana geçen süreyi ifade etmek için ise “since” zaman ifadelerini kullanacağız.

– I have been here since two o’clock.

(Saat iki denberi buradayım.)

– The poor old man hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday.

(Zavallı ihtiyar adam dünden beri hiçbir şey yemedi.)

“Since” bu cümlede başangıç noktasından şu ana kadarki süreyi ifade etmektedir.

– I have been here for two hours.

(İki saattir buradayım.)

– The poor old man hasn’t eaten anything for two days.

(Zavallı ihtiyar adam iki gündür hiçbir şey yemedi.)

“For” bu cümlede süreci ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır. “For” lu cümlede başlangıç noktası belli değildir.


43

Geçmişte verilen bir başlangıç noktasından şu ana kadar geçen süreyi be-lirtmek için “since” kelimesini kullanırız.

– I have been in the library since 9.00 o’clock.

(Saat 9.00’dan beri kütüphanede-yim.)

– I have been in Ankara since 1986.

(1986 yılından beri Ankara’dayım.)

– Ali has studied English since morning.

(Ali sabahtan beri İngilizce çalışmakta.)

– We haven’t eaten anything since yesterday.

(Dünden beri hiçbir şey yemedik.)

– I haven’t seen him since yesterday.

(Geçen haftadan beri onu görmüyorum.)

– The telephone has been out of order since last week.

(Telefon geçen haftadan beri çalışmıyor.)

44


since two o’clock saat 2’den beri

since last month geçen aydan beri

since Friday Cumadan beri

since 1999 1999’dan beri

since I was born doğduğumdan beri

since I saw him onu gördüğümden beri

Geçmişten şu ana kadar bir eylemin yapılma süresini belirtmek için “for” kelimesini kullanırız.

– I have lived in in this city for 25 years.

(25 yıldır bu şehirde yaşıyorum.)

– He hasn’t slept for two days.

(O, iki gündür uyumuyor.)

– The little child hasn’t eaten anything for 10 hours.

(Küçük çocuk 10 saattir hiçbir şey yemiyor.)

– I haven’t seen her for a long time.

(Onu uzun bir süredir görmüyorum.)

– Ali has been in Germany for ten years.

(Ali on yıldır Almanya’da.)

for two days iki gündür

for five weeks beş haftadır

for three months üç aydır

for many years uzun yıllardır

for five minutes beş dakikadır

for a long time uzun bir süredir


45

3. Boşluklara “since” ya da “for” getiriniz.

1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May

2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two weeks

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last summer

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004

5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a few minutes

6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 o’clock

7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my birthday

8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the beginnig of the year

9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten months

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.st January

11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . then

12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a long time

13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two hours

14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . several years

15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we moved

16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ages

17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October

18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I came here

19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . years

20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . twenty-four hours

4. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.

1. He has been in London since / for a year.

2. I haven’t seen him since / for a long time.

3. He has had the same car since / for 2005.

4. Everything has changed since / for I was a child.

46


5. The central heating has been on since / for November.

6. I have been ill since / for two days.

7. My grandfather has been in hospital since / for the opreation.

8. It has been snowy since / for January.

9. There is no petrol since / for the strike began.

10. I haven’t eaten anything since / for this morning.

5. Boşlukları “since” ya da “for” ile doldurunuz.

1. The children have been in the playground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten o’clock.

2. I haven’t eaten döner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a long time.

3. The weather has been freezing cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October.

4. Nobody has visited the museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the beginning of the month.

5. Have been here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two o’clock?

6. Nobody has spoken to him . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . he was put into the prison.

7. He has been in İstanbul. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two weeks.

8. I have lived in Ankara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001.

9. We haven’t used that old car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two years.

10. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus has been independent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1984.

11. She has been in France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . five months.

12. I haven’t gone shopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last month.

13. I have studied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . five hours.

14. She has been a doctor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004.

15. I haven’t gone for a holiday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009.

16. I haven’t seen Angelika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my birthday.

17. She hasn’t cleaned her kitchen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last winter.


47

18. I have put on two kilos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . January.

19. She has been talking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten minutes.

20. Have you been a teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . along time?

6. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak cümleler kurunuz.

1. since / She / has / been / in / one o‘clock. / the bathroom

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. seen / I / haven’t / for / long / a / time. / him

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. haven’t / anything / eaten / I / morning. / since

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. She / been / this / in / long / city / for / a / has / time.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. received / a / letter / him / from / I / long / for / a / time. / haven’t

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. I / been / İzmir / to / since / 2009. / haven’t

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. haven’t / heard / I / him / from / for / a / long / time.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Sue / gone / holiday / for / two / hasn’t /on / years.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. They / been / since / have / married / October.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. has / Azerbaijan / been / since / independent 1991.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Part There

Used to (Geçmiş Alışkanlık)

“Used to” yapısı geçmişte düzenli olarak yapılmış olan, şimdi yapılmayan ey-lemleri veya durumları anlatmak için kullanılır. “Used to”yapısı cümleye artık o eyle-min yapılmadığı anlamını katar.

“Used to” yapısının üç farklı kullanım şekli vardır. Olumlu cümlede “used to V1”, olumsuz cümlede “didn’t use to V1” soru cümlesinde ise “Did ….use to V1” şeklinde kullanılmaktadır. Aşağıdaki tabloyu ve örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz.

Olumlu cümlede

Subject + used to + Verb1 + Object I used to be a student two years ago.

özne + used to + fiilin 1.hali + nesne (İki sene önce öğrenciydim.)

– My father used to smoke six years ago.

(Babam altı sene önce sigara içerdi.)

– I used to ride a bicycle when I was a child.

(Çocukken bisiklet sürerdim.)


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– I used to walk long hours when I was fat.

(Şişmanken saatlerce yürürdüm.)

Olumsuz Cümlede:

Subject + didn’t use to + Verb1 + ObjectI didn’t use to be a student two ye-ars ago.

Özne + didn’t use to + fiilin 1. hâli + nesne (İki sene önce öğrenci değildim.)

– I didn’t use to study a lot two years ago.

(İki sene önce çok çalışmazdım.)

– My little sister didn’t use to write last year.

(Küçük kız kardeşim geçen sene yazamıyordu.)

– I didn’t use to drive a car at the age of 20.

(Yirmi yaşındayken araba sürmü-yordum.)

– I didn’t use to eat fruits when I was a child.

(Çocukken meyve yemiyordum.)

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Soru cümlesinde

Did + Subject + use to + Verb1 + Object– Did I use to be a student two years ago?

Did + özne + use to + fiilin 1.hali + nesne (İki sene önce öğrenci miydim?)

Olumlu uzun cevapOlumlu kısa cevap

Olumsuz uzun cevapOlumsuz kısa cevap

– Yes, I did. (Evet.) – Yes, I used to be a student two years

ago. (Evet, iki sene önce öğrenciy-dim.)

– No I didn’t. (Hayır.)– No, I didn’t used to be a student two

years ago. (Hayır, iki sene önce öğ-renci değildim.)

– Did your sister use to help your mother with the housework?

(Kızkardeşin annene ev işlerinde yardım eder miydi?)

– Yes,she did. (Evet.) / No,she didn’t. (Hayır.)

– Did you use to travel by bus or by plane ten years ago?

(On sene önce otobüsle mi uçakla mı seyahat ederdin?)

– Yes,I did. (Evet.) / No, I didn’t. (Hayır.)

– Did your mother cook delicious meals?

(Annen güzel yemekler pişirir miydi?)

– Yes, she did. (Evet.) / No, she didn’t. (Hayır.)


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– Did you use to study a lot when you were a student?

(Öğrenciyken çok ders çalışır mıydın?)

– Yes,I did.(Evet.) / No,I didn’t.(Hayır.)

7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to” ve fiilin uygun hâlini kullanarak dolduru-nuz.

1. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) cartoons when I was a child.

2. My brother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) a tourist guide.

3. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wear) short pants when I was a child.

4. My father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (work) in a big factory before he got retired.

5. When I was a baby, I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cry) a lot.

6. My mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not eat) meat.

7. Linda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (travel) a lot in her last job.

8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (walk) to work?

9. There . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . be) a big cinema in the town.

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a walkman when you were young?

8. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to ” kullanarak yeniden yazınız.

1. I went to bed early when I was a child.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Ali didn’t travel a lot.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Did you eat a lot of fruit when you were a child?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Ali didn’t ride a bicycle.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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5. My father was busy last year.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. I spent my holiday in Ayvalık when I was young.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. My grandparents didn’t live in a big city.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. I didn’t listen to classical music.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. We didn’t have mobile phones 20 years ago.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Children ate healthy food.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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UNIT TWO (TEST)

1. She has been here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last year.

A) for B) since C) four D) then

2. He has lived in this city . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two years.

A) to B) for C) since D) at

3. I have been in İstanbul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . four days.

A) at B) to C) since D) for

4. I haven’t eaten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two hours.

A) at B) to C) since D) for

5. Tom hasn’t drunk anything . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . morning.

A) for B) since C) at D) to

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6. I haven’t been on holiday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last August.

A) for B) since C) at D) to

7. I haven’t seen her . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a long time.

A) since B) for C) to D) at

8. We have been married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1998.

A) to B) at C) for D) since

9. I have loved her . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the first time I saw her.


10. I have lived here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a long time.

A) to B) at C) since D) for

11. I haven’t seen my cousin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . two months.



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12. I have beeen a teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1996.

A) since B) at C) for D) to

13. I have worked here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005.

A) in B) to C) for D) since

14. I have had this mobile phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a long time.

A) to B) since C) for D) in

15. I have known her parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1991.

A) since B) for C) to D) at

16. My brother stayed in Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten months.

A) since B) to C) at D) for

17. It has snowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . morning.

A) for B) since C) to D) at

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18. We have been friends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1991.

A) to B) in C) since D) for

19. I have waited at the bus stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . half an hour.


20. Simon has worked in that company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last month.

A) for B) since C) in D) at

21. My father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . coke when he was young.

A) used to drink B) use to drink C) used to drank D) uses to drink

22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stay alone at nights?

A) Did /used to B) Did/use to C) Are/used to D) Was/used to

23. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . horror films when I was young.

A) use to watched B) used to drink C) used to eat D) used to watch


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24. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . long hair but she had it all cut off.

A) use to has B) used to have C) did use to have D) usen’t to have

25. There . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a cinema in the town but now there isn’t.

A) used to been B) did used to be C) uses to be D) used to be

UNIT THREE

TECHNOLOGY

(TEKNOLOJİ)

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1. İletişim ile ilgili bir okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek, konu ile ilgili soru-ları cevaplandırabilecek,

2. Gelecekte yapmayı düşündüğünüz yada olacağını tahmin ettiğiniz bir eylemi anlatabilecek,

3. Karşımızdaki kişiye kendimizi tasdik ettirecek cümle yapılarını öğreneceksiniz.




– Konu içinde karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.




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Part One

Inventions (İcatlar)

Technology has changed rapidly in the 20th century. With the existence of mankind many important inventions were made. We may think they are simple. But we have to know that thay are the starting point for many important inventions made later.

In the 10th century a Turkish scientist İsmail Cevheri made studies on birds in order to fly like them. His studies helped Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi. Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi designed wings and he started his studies. In 1632 he flew from Galata Tower to Üsküdar. It was a six km flight.

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In the 19th century Wright brothers made the first plane. It could only fly for 12 secons. It only flew 35 metres. But this lead the scientist to invent the jet engine.

Since the invention of wheel, mankind has found lots of developments. In 1885 Benz invented the first fuel engine car. It was a tree wheeled car and it had only 1.5 horse power. It could only go 12 km per hour. When Graham Bell invented the first telephone there was only a low voice on the line and it was difficult to un-derstand. Michael Cooper invented the first mobile phone. It was too big and heavy to carry. Other scientists improved this invention. Now millions of people use mobi-le phones which we can put in our pockets.

In 1980’s remote controls for televisions were very popular. We couldn’t belie-ve our eyes. With one single touch we could change the channel. It was just unbe-lievable.

Technology is developing rapidly in the 20th century. Can you imagine what human being will invent next? The answer of this question is important of course.But the most important thing is that we have to use the inventions for the benefit of human kind.

Words: Kelimeler

technology : teknolojichange : değişmekrapidly : hızlıcentury : yüzyılexistence : varoluşmankind : insanoğluinvention : icatinvent : icat etmekstarting point : başlangıç noktasıscientist : bilim adamıstudy : ders çalışmakdesign : tasarlamaktower : kulelead : öncülük etmek


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jet engine : jet motoruwheel : tekerlekfuel engine car : benzin motorlu arabathree wheeled : üç tekerlihorse power : beygir gücüimprove : geliştirmekremote control : uzaktan kumandatouch : dokunuşunbelievable : inanılmazbenefit : faydahuman kind : insanoğlu


1. Technology has changed slowly / rapidly in the 20th century.

2. Ismail Cevheri / Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew from Galata Tower to Üsküdar.

3. Michael Cooper invented the first telephone / mobile phone.

4. Now we can / can’t put mobile phones in our pocket.

5. Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew sixty / six kilometres.


1. Has technology changed rapidly in the 20th century?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Who made studies on birds in 10th century?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. How far could Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi fly?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Who invented the first telephone?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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5. How many wheels had the first car?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Who invented the first mobile phone?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. When did he invent it?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Were remote controls popular in 1980’s?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. Was it unbelievable then?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Is technology developing rapidly in our century?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


65

Part Two

Simple Future Tense

Gelecekte olacak eylemleri anlatırken “Simple Future Tense” kullanılır. Bu yapı gelecekte yapmayı düşündüğümüz, konuşma anında ortaya çıkmış, planlanmamış eylemleri ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır.

Gelecekte olacak bir eylemi anlatırken:

– I will be a teacher in the future.

(Gelecekte öğretmen olacağım.)

– I hope our team will win the match.

(Umarım takımımız maçı kazanır.)

– I will have a long holiday next year.

(Gelecek sene uzun bir tatil yapacağım.)

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Konuşma anında ortaya çıkmış, planlanmamış eylemleri ifade ederken:

– Alan: I don’t know how to use this computer.

(Bu bilgisayarın nasıl kullanılacağını bilmiyorum.)

– Jack: Don’t worry! I will teach you.

(Endişelenme! Ben sana öğreteceğim.)

– Ali: I can’t lift that box. It is too heavy.

(Kutu çok ağır, kaldıramıyorum.)

– Ahmet: I will help you to carry.

(Taşımana yardım edeceğim.)

Yukarıdaki örneklerde de görüldüğü gibi “Simple Future Tense” konuşma anın-da, önceden planlanmamış eylemleri ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır.

I can’t lift that box. It is too heavy.

I will help you to carry.


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Olumlu cümlede S + will V1 + O

Tüm şahıslarda will kullanılırI/he/she/ it /we/you/ they will

I will go to the cinema.(Sinemaya gideceğim.)

Olumsuz cümlede S + won’t V1 + O

I / he / she / it /we / you / theywill not (won’t)

Students won’t go to school in the future. (Gelecekte öğrenciler okula gitmeyecekler.)

Soru cümlesinde Will + S + V1 + O

Will I / he / she / it / we / you / they

Will you help me?(Bana yardım edecek misin?)

Will you watch TV?(TV seyredecek misin?)

“Simple Future Tense ” te aşağıdaki zaman zarfları kullanılabilir. Sınavlarda cümlenin hangi tense olduğunu anlamak için bu zaman ifadelerinin bilinmesi çok önemlidir:

today : bugüntonight : bu gecetomorrow : yarınsoon : yakındathis week : bu haftathis month : bu aynext week : gelecek haftanext year : gelecek yıl

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– They will call the fire brigate.

(İtfaiyeyi arayacaklar.)

– The bus will arrive soon.

(Otobüs yakında gelecek.)

– We will buy a new house.

(Yeni bir ev satın alacağız.)

– I will collect stamps.

(Pul biriktireceğim.)

3. Boşlukları “will V1”yapısı ile doldurunuz.

1. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat) at a Chinese restaurant.

2. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not / go) to the park.

3. The children are in their room. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (play)computer games.

4. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) with that rope?

5. I think my mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) a bicycle at the beginnig of the summer holiday.

6. I got bored. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) out.

7. One day I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) an expensive sports car.

8. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (check) my e-mails in two minutes.

9. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (get) marry in the future.

10. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (learn) a foreign language.


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4. Boşlukları “will not V1” yapısı ile doldurunuz.

1. The snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not stop) in the afternoon.

2. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not swim) in this pool. It is dirty.

3. The headmaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not visit) the classes next week.

4. Alice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not wear) her new dress at the wedding.

5. My wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not prepare) breakfast on Sunday morning.

6. Emin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not be) a teacher in the future.

7. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not paint) her room.

8. My father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not live) in this city anymore.

9. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . not ride) the horse. He thinks it is dangerous.

10. Emre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not keep) the dog in the garden.

5. Boşlukları, verilen fiilleri kullanarak doldurunuz.

do (2) –be (2) –buy –have –visit –cook –go (2)

1. We will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to Antalya in the summer.

2. She will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a new computer.

3. They will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . out.

4. Will your mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you chicken soup?

5. He will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . his relatives at the weekend.

6. They will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a picnic soon.

7. He will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . an engineer in the future.

8. What will you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at the weekend?

9. I think it will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cold this winter.

10. What will you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when you finish school?

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6. Verilen kelimeleri kullanarak cümle kurunuz.

1. It / snow / tomorrow. / will / of Turkey / the / in / east

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. The / arrive / train / seven / at / o’clock. / will

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Accidents / in / will / happen / icy / roads.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. I / think / get / I / job. / this / will

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. He / class. / the / fail / will

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Who / explain / situation? / will / the

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. be / Ayşe / will / engineer / future. / in / the / an

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. We / fly / New York / to / summer. / next / will

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. The / increase / inflation / will / in a few / years.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. won’t / I / to / again. / him / speak

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


71

Part There

Tag Questions (Eklenti Soruları)

Türkçede “değil mi, tamam mı” gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Karşımızdaki kişi-ye kendi fikrimizi onaylatmak için kullanılan bir yapıdır. İngilizcede eklenti soruları cümlenin zamanına ve özneye göre değişmektedir. Eklenti sorularını cümlede doğ-ru kullanabilmek için cümlenin hangi zamanda olduğunu bilmemiz gerekir.Cüm-lemiz olumlu ise eklenti sorusu olumsuz, cümlemiz olumsuz ise eklenti sorumuz olumlu olmaktadır.

Eklenti soruları bir “yardımcı fiil” ve “zamirden” oluşur. Aşağıdaki cümleyi dik-katle inceleyiniz:

– Ali goes to school everyday, doesn’t he?

(Ali her gün okula gider, değil mi?)

Önce bu cümlenin hangi zamana ait olduğu-nu bulmamız gerekmek-tedir. Bunun için cümle-deki fiili tespit etmemiz gerekir. Fiil “goes”, isim ise “Ali”dir. Cümlemiz “Simp-le Present Tense” dir. Yar-dımcı fiili ise “do,does” dır. İsmin yeri tutan zamir “he” dir. “He” şahsında “does” yardımcı fiili kullanıldığı-na göre eklenti sorumuz “doesn’t he” olacaktır.

Let’s ile başlayan cümlelerde eklenti sorusu “ shall we ” şeklinde olmaktadır.

– Let’s go out, shall we?

(Haydi dışarı çıkalım, olur mu?)

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– Let’s do something different, shall we?

(Haydi farklı bir şey yapalım, olur mu?)

– He can’t carry the box. Let’s help him, shall we?

(O kutuyu taşıyamıyor. Haydi ona yardım edelim, olur mu?)

– Let’s go out and play football, shall we?

(Haydi dışarı çıkıp futbol oynayalım, olur mu?)

“Imperatives” ile başlayan emir cümlelerinin sonuna “eklenti sorusu” olarak “will you ” gelmektedir. Cümlenin olumlu yada olumsuz olması fark etmez.

– Don’t make noise, will you?

(Gürültü yapma, olur mu?)

Let’s help him, shall we?


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– Brush your teeth, will you?

(Dişlerini fırçala,tamam mı?)

– Do your homework, will you?

(Ödevini yap, tamam mı?)

– Open the window, will you?

(Pencereyi aç, tamam mı?)

“Never, hardly ever” gibi olumsuzluk bildiren kelimelerin bulunduğu cüm-lelerde eklenti sorusu olumlu olur.

– He never goes out at nights, does he?

(O asla gece dışarı çıkmaz, değil mi?)

– He hardly ever watches TV, does he?

(O hemen hemen hiç TV seyretmez,değil mi?)

– You will never forget this, will you?

(Bunu asla unutmayacaksın, değil mi?)

– They never viseted us, did they?

(Onlar asla bizi ziyaret etmedi, değil mi?)

7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “tag question” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. You are Tom, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

2. He works at a factory, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

Brush your teeth, will lou?

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3. You are speaking English, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

4. Let’s go somewhere to eat, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

5. Lisa didn’t do her homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

6. The film wasn’t good, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

7. The weather is beautiful today, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

8. She goes to school everyday, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

9. He didn’t do shopping, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

10. Turan can swim, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?


1. Don’t make noise, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

2. Let’s go to the cinema, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

3. He never plays computer games, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

4. She went abroad, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

5. Don’t speak loudly, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

6. Tom has never seen a crocodile, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

7. Let’s drink something hot, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

8. They hardly ever got on the bus, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

9. Do your homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

10. Let’s eat out, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

9. Aşağıdaki cümleleri eklenti soruları ile eşleştiriniz.

1. Clean the board, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? a. doesn’t he

2. Let’s play a game, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? b. hasn’t he

3. Mr. Andrson has bought a new car, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? c. will you


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4. He brushes his teeth everyday, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? d. isn’t she

5. He never drinks cold water, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? e. shall we

6. She is washing the dishes now, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? f. does he

7. She will help us, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? g. wasn’t he

8. Tom was here, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? h. won’t she

9. We must tell her the truth, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? i. can you

10. You can’t ride a horse, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? j. mustn’t we

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UNIT THREE (TEST)

1. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a lot of money.

A) will earn B) will earned C) will earning D) is earn

2. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . around the world in the future.

A) will travelled B) will travelling C) will travel D) will travells

3. I hope I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . interesting people there.

A) meets B) will meets C) will meet D) is meet

4. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . better after a few days of rest.

A) will feels B) will feel C) do feel D) does feels

5. You saw him yesterday on the road, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) will you B) didn’t you C) is he D) did you


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6. You haven’t been on holiday since last August, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) did you B) have you C) didn’t she D) is she

7. Your behavior was too bad. Please don’t do it again, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) is you B) will you C) do you D) are you

8. İremsu didn’t do her homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) did he B) does she C) did she D) do she

9. Let’s go on a picnic, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) shall they B) do we C) shall we D) does we

10. Be quite! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) do you B) will you C) are we D) does she

11. He hasn’t played badminton before, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) have she B) has she C) is she D) does she

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12. Elif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a new bag for her mother.

A) will buying B) is buy C) will buy D) buying

13. Scientists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . many new inventions in the future.

A) make B) made C) is making D) will make

14. Tomorrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a hard day for you.

A) will be B) is be C) been D) is been

15. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to the cinema. Why don’t you come with me?

A) will going B) will go C) is going D) was going

16. Can you lend me 100 liras? I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . it back tomorrow.

A) gave B) is giving C) will give D) giving

17. What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for his birthday?

A) will / buys B) will / buy C) is / buy D) are / buy


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18. Tom! Do your homework! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) do you B) are you C) will you D) does you

19. Our team didn’t play well, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) did they B) will they C) are you D) is we

20. Let’s go out and play football, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) shall I B) are we C) do they D) shall we

21. Your father can drive a car, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) can’t she B) will he C) is he D) can’t he

22. Ali is studying in the library now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) is he B) isn’t he C) does he D) will he

23. Emre always wakes up early in the morning, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) doesn’t he B) do Emre C) will he D) are he

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24. They have finished their homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) haven’t they B) do they C) will they D) has they

25. Let’s have a break, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

A) shall they B) will we C) shall we D) do we

UNIT FOR

OUR WORLD

(DÜNYAMIZ)

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1. Dünyadaki şehirler hakkında kısa bilgi edinecek

2. Okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek ve konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandı-rabilecek,

3. Sıfat ve zarfları kullanarak kıyaslamalar yapabileceksiniz.




– Konu içinde yeni karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.




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Part One

Life in Big Cities (Büyük Şehirlerde Yaşam)

San Francisco is a modern city in the west coast of the United States of Ame-rica near the North Pasific Ocean. It’s got lots of skyscrapers and modern buildings. San Fransisco is smaller and much more modern than London. London has a lot of old buildings like theatres, cathedrals and museums. There are more green areas in London than in San Fransisco. Of course the history of the London is older than San Fransisco. The old buildings are build in gothic style in London. The architecture in the city is more amazing than in San Fransisco.

London is bigger and more expensive than San Fransisco. People have a hig-her standard of living in San Fransisco. People have to pay more for the rent in Lon-don than in San Fransisco. Fuel is more expensive than San Fransisco. The cost of living is higher in London than San Fransisco.

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You don’t need to use public transport in San Fransisco because it is smaller than London. You can walk everywhere. Of course there is not a traffic jam in the city. In San Franisco you can get from one point to the other easier than in London. In London there is a terrible traffic jam. It takes lots of hours to get to work in the rush hour like in İstanbul, Beijing and New Delhi. London is dirtier and the air is more polluted. English drivers drive more slowly and less aggresivelly than Ameri-can drivers.

To sum up, living in San Fransisco is easier, cheaper, more comfortable but the life in London is more interesting and safer. I think you should live in San Fransisco and have a long holiday in London, because there is much to see in the old city.

Words: Kelimeler

modern : modern

west coast : batı kıyısı

North Pasific Ocean : Kuzey Pasifik Okyanusu

skyscraper : gökdelen

building : bina

smaller : daha küçük

theatre : tiyatro

cathedral : katedral

museum : müze

architecture : mimari

amazing : şaşırtıcı,harika

expensive : pahalı

cost of living : hayat şartları(maddi)

transport : ulaşım

public transport : toplu taşım

trafic jam : trafik kargaşası

terrible : berbat,korkunç

rush hour : yoğun saatler

poluted : kirli


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aggresively : agresif

to sum up : özetlemek gerekirse

easİer : daha kolay

cheaper : daha ucuz

more comfortable : daha konforlu


1. San Fansisco is in the west of England / U.S.A.

2. London has lots of skyscraper / old buildings.

3. There are less / more green areas in London.

4. Traffic is a big problem in London / San Fransisco.

5. The air in London is dirtier / cleaner than in San Fransisco.


1. Is San Fransisco a modern city?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Which city has got lots of skyscrapers?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Is the architecture of London more amazing than San Fransisco?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Which city has got more green areas?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Is fuel cheap in San Fransisco?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Which city has got traffic problem?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. Is the air polluted in San Fransisco?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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8. Do English drivers drive more slowly?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. In which city is life easier?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Are there a lot of places to see in London?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


87

Part Two

Comparative Adjectives And Adverbs (Sıfat ve Zarflarda Kıyaslama)

Herhangi iki nesne, hayvan, bitki veya kişiyi kıyaslarken “comparative” yapıyı kullanırız.

Cümlede özne (isim) ile ilgili kıyaslama yaparken “adjective(sıfat)”, fiil ile ilgili kıyaslama yaparken de “adverb (zarf )” kullanarak kıyaslama yapılır.

Comparative Adjectives (Sıfatlarda Kıyaslama)

İngilizcede sıfatları kıyaslarken “tek heceli” sıfatların sonuna “–er”, “iki ve daha fazla heceli” sıfatların başına ise “more” getirilir.

Tek heceli sıfatların sonuna “er” takısı getirilerek “comparative” yapıya dö-nüştürülür.

tall (uzun) taller (daha uzun)

cheap (ucuz) cheaper (daha ucuz)

slow (yavaş) slower (daha yavaş)

old (eski) older (daha eski)

new (yeni) newer (dahayeni)

long (uzun) longer (daha uzun)

narrow (dar) narrower (daha dar)

weak (zayıf ) weaker (daha zayıf )

fast (hızlı) faster (daha hızlı)

– This car is faster than that car.

(Bu araba o arabadan daha hızlıdır.)

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– Rabbits are slower than cheetahs.

(Tavşanlar çitalardan daha yavaştır.)

– Kızılırmak is longer than Yeşilırmak.

(Kızılırmak Yeşilırmaktan daha uzundur.)

– This jacket is cheaper than that one.

(Bu ceket o ceketten daha ucuzdur.)

Eğer tek heceli sıfat “y” harfiyle bitiyorsa “y” düşer ve ”ier” getirilerek com-parative yapıya dönüştürülür.

easy (kolay) easier (daha kolay)

early (erken) earlier (daha erken)

heavy (ağır) heavier (daha ağır)

This car is faster thanthat car.


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– The exam was easier than we expected.

(Sınav beklediğimizden daha kolaydı.)

– Tomorrow is feast. We have to wake up earlier.

(Yarın bayram. Daha erken kalkmalıyız.)

– This box is heavier than the last one.

(Bu kutu öncekinden daha ağır.)

Bazı sıfatların son harfi bir kez daha tekrarlanıp sonra “er” takısı alır.

big (büyük) bigger (daha büyük)

hot (sıcak) hotter (daha sıcak)

– My room is bigger than my sister’s room.

(Benim odam kızkardeşimin odasından daha büyüktür.)

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– Antalya is hotter than İzmir.

(Antalya İzmir’den daha sıcaktır.)

Bazı sıfatlar düzensizdir. Aşağıdaki tabloyu inceleyiniz:

good (iyi) better (daha iyi)

bad (kötü) worse (daha kötü)

little (az) less (daha az)

far (uzak) farher / further (daha uzak)

much (çok) more (daha çok)

many (çok) more (daha çok)

– The film was better than we expected.

(Film beklediğimizden daha iyi idi.)

– Students must read more to understand better.

(Öğrenciler daha iyi anlamak için daha çok okumalılar.)


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– You must eat less to loose wieght.

(Kilo vermek için az yeme-lisin.)

– I can throw the stone farther than him.

(Ben taşı ondan daha uzağa atabilirim.)

Eğer sıfat birden çok heceli ise sıfatın önüne “more”getirilerek “compara-tive” yapıya dönüştürülür.

handsome (yakışıklı) more handsome (daha yakışıklı)

expensive (pahalı) more expensive (daha pahalı)

difficult (zor) more difficult (daha zor)

interesting (ilginç) more interesting (daha ilginç)

polite (kibar) more polite (daha kibar)

beautiful (güzel) more beautiful (daha güzel)

– Ayhan is more handsome than Mehmet.

(Ayhan Mehmet’ten daha yakışıklıdır.)

– Silver is more expensine than copper.

(Gümüş bakırdan daha pahalıdır.)

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– Maths is more difficult than chemistry.

(Matematik kimyadan daha zordur.)

– Geography is more interesting than the other lessons.

(Coğrafya diğer derslerden daha ilginçtir.)

– Turkish people are more polite than others.

(Türk insanı diğerlerinden daha kibardır.)

– İstanbul is more beautiful than Ankara.

(İstanbul Ankara’dan daha güzeldir.)

3. Aşağıdaki sıfatların “coparative” şeklini yazınız.

1. fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. heavy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. dangerous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. small . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. far . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. interesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. bad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. easy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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4. Aşağıdaki cümlelerdeki boşlukları “comparative adjective” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. My school is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (far) than your school.

2. Roses are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (beautiful) than tulips.

3. This film was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (interesting) than the other.

4. Non-smokers are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (healthy) than smokers.

5. Tigers are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (dangerous) than dogs.

6. I think a hiking holiday is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (good) than a cruise holiday.

7. Milk is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (natural) than fruit juice.

8. Bill Gates is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (rich) than Tarkan.

9. Springs are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (good) than autumas.

10. Emre is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (tall) than Ali.

Comparative Adverbs (Zarflarda Kıyaslama)

İngilizcede zarfları (adverbs) kullanılarak karşılaştırma yapmak için zarfların önüne genellikle “more” kelimesi getirilir.

– My mother drives more slowly than my father.

(Babam annemden daha yavaş araba sürer.)

– Can you speak more quietly, please?

(Lütfen daha sessiz konuşabilir misin?)

– Ahmet writes more clearly than Veli.

(Ahmet Veli’den daha anlaşılır yazar.)

– I’m working more slowly today than yesterday.

(Bugün dünden daha yavaş çalışıyorum.)

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– Mustafa drives more dan-gerously than Mehmet.

(Mustafa Mehmet’ten da-ha tehlikeli bir şekilde ara-ba sürer.)

Cümlede iki kişi ya da nesne kıyaslanıyorsa “more adverb than” yapısı kulla-nılır.

NOT!

Early, late, fast, hard, near, soon gibi zarflar ile karşılaştırma yaparken ise sıfatlarda olduğu gibi “-er” eki getirilir

– I got to the station earlier than Veli.

(İstasyona Veli’den daha önce vardım.)

– Ali lives nearer to school than Ahmet, so he gets up later.

(Ali, okula Ahmet’ten daha yakın bir yerde oturur. Bundan dolayı o daha geç kalkar.)

Sonu -ly ile biten zarflar, başına “more” alır.

Adverb Comparative Adverb

slowly (yavaş) more slowly (daha yavaş)

quickly (hızlı) more quickly (daha hızlı)

carefully (dikkatli) more carefully (daha dikkatli)

easily (kolay) more easily (daha kolay)


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– Ali visits her parents more frequently than his sister.

(Ali ailesini kız kardeşinden daha sık ziyaret eder.)

– Planes carry people more quickly.

(Uçaklar insanları daha hızlı taşıyor.)

– Lucy drives more carefully than Angela.

(Lucy Angela’dan daha dikkatli araba kullanır.)

“Early” “ly” ile bittiği hâlde “earlier ” şeklinde comparative hâle dönüşür.

early (erken) earlier (daha erken)

– Today, I woke up earlier than usual.

(Bugün, her zamankinden daha erken kalktım.)

Sonu “-ly” ile bitmeyen zarflardan “fast, hard ve late”, sonuna “-er” takısı alır.

fast (hızlı) faster (daha hızlı)

hard (sıkı, zor) harder (daha sıkı, sor)

late (geç) later (daha geç)

comfortably (rahat) more comfortably (daha rahat)

carelessly (dikkatsiz) more carelessly (daha dikkatsiz)

frequently (sık) more frequently (daha sık)

happily (mutlu) more happily (daha mutlu)

quietly (sakin) more quitely (daha sakin)

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– Please work harder.

(Lütfen daha iyi çalış.)

– Emre runs faster than Tevfik.

(Emre Tevfik’ten daha hızlı koşar.)

– I will do my homework later.

(Ev ödevimi daha sonra yapacağım.)

“Often” yukarıdaki kurala uymaz, “more often” şeklinde comparative yapıya çevrilir.

often (sık) more often (daha sık)

– People fly more often than they did in the past.

(İnsanlar geçmişten daha sık uçuyorlar.)

Bazı zarflar düzensizdir:

well (iyi) better (daha iyi)

badly (kötü) worse (daha kötü)

little (az) less (daha az)

much/many (çok) more (daha çok)

far (uzak) farher/further (daha uzak)


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– Ahmet was better.

(Ahmet daha iyi idi.)

– Tim does his homework faster.

(Tim ödevini daha çabuk yapar.)

– My mother drives more carefully than my father.

(Annem babamdan daha dikkatli araba kullanır.)

– To lose weight you need to eat less.

(Kilo vermek için daha az yemelisin.)

– My kite flew farther than yours.

(Benim uçurtmam seninkinden daha uzağa uçtu.)

5. Aşağıdaki zarfların “comparative” şekillerini yazınız.

1. fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. carefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. badly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. clearly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. early . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. much . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. carelessly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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6. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative adverb” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. I speak Turkish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fluently) than Carol.

2. Tom can run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fast) than Tim.

3. You seem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (happy) than yesterday.

4. Could you speak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (clearly)?

5. Our team played . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (well) than the other team.

6. He behaved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (politely) today.

7. We have to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hard) than ever before.

8. I solved the problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (quickly) than you.

9. Ali climbed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (high) than anyone else.

10. Our ship crossed the sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fast) than usual.

7. Aşağıdaki “comparative adjective” kelimelerin “comparative adverbs” şe-killerini yazınız.

1. slower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. beautiful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. easy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. carefull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. dangerous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. happy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. far . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


99

8. Aşağıdaki cümleleri, okuyup yanlarına “comparative adjective” ya da “comparative adverb” yazınız.

1. Plants grow faster than trees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Mount Ağrı is higher than Mounth Erciyes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. My father drives more dangerously than my mother. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. I solved the problem more easily than my friend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Our English teacher is older than our science teacher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Ayla is more beautiful than her sister. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. Mr. Anderson speaks more slowly than the other teachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Some middle east countries are richer than Europen countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. I speak English more fluently than my brother. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Kezban is shorter than her friend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative adjectives” ve “coparative adverbs” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. Ali run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( long) than me.

2. Flying is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (dangerous) than sailing.

3. Our team played . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (good) than our opponent.

4. Konya is. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (large) than all the other cities in Turkey.

5. Ali threw the stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (far) than me.

6. She solves the problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (carefully) than you.

7. Kürşat can run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Emre.

8. Most women drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (carefully) than men.

9. Turtles walk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (slowly) than cats.

10. Iğdır is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hot) than Kars.

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UNIT FOR (TEST)

1. He arrived . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than expected.

A) earlier B) more early C) early D) the early

2. Call me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in the afternoon.

A) late B) early C) later D) laterly

3. Our new English teacher explains the topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than the old teacher.

A) gooder B) better C) worser D) easy

4. Cds are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than video casettes.

A) old B) newer C) small D) big

5. Tom threw the stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than me.

A) farher B) farthest C) near D) fast


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6. These shoes are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than those shoes.

A) cheap B) cheaper C) more cheap D) the cheap

7. You hit my arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than me.

A) good B) harder C) slow D) easy

8. Alice thinks that cats are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pets than dogs.

A) bad B) bedder C) gooder D) better

9. English is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than German.

A) difficult B) more difficulter C) easier D) easy

10. Wool is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than cotton.

A) expensive B) big C) more expensive D) more cheap

11. The Empire State building is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than the Statue of Liberty.

A) short B) long C) big D) taller

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12. Planes are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than trains.

A) slower B) fast C) slow D) faster

13. The Black sea is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than the Mediterranean.

A) cold B) hot C) colder D) small

14. London is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Paris.

A) cheap B) cheaper C) expensive D) big

15. She drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than her husband.

A) more B) more carefully C) fastly D) easy

16. Alan works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Steve.

A) slowly B) more slowly C) long D) easy

17. The children sing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than their parents.

A) happier B) more happy C) more happily D) happy to


103

18. I get to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than my brother.

A) early B) earlier C) more early D) lately

19. Hülya plays tennis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Leyla.

A) good B) goodly C) bad D) better

20. My kite flew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than yours.

A) far B) farher C) swim D) go

21. I did . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on the test than I did last.

A) bad B) worse C) good D) gooder

22. Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “hard” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?

A) harder B) hardes C) more hard D) most hard

23. Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “well” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?

A) well B) better C) good D) most well

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24. Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “bad” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?

A) more badly B) badder C) worse D) more worse

25. Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “carefully” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?

A) more carefully B) more carefull C) carefull D) less care


105

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Azar, Betty Schrampfer; Fundamentals is of English Grammer, Second Edition, Pren-tice Hall, New Jersey, 1992.

Swan, Michael; Practical English Usage, Second Edition, Oxford University Press 1995.

Baygül, İrfan; Sentence Structures in English and Syntax 1, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara 2005.

106


UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. 1. easier 2. all over the world 3. the trees 4. students 5. the nature

2. 1. Yes,it did. 2. They cut the trees. 3. Small towns and villages began to di-

sappear slowly. 4. Yes, there were. 5. Yes, they did. 6. Cutting the forests, polluting the air

and water will bring the end of the world.

7. Turkish Scientific and Tecnological Researc Intitution (TÜBİTAK).

8. Yes, they did. 9. Yes,it changed. 10. Yes, I am./No I am not.

3. 1. drank 2. went / watched 3. Did / do 4. had 5. broke 6. didn’t clean 7. died 8. did / forget 9. did / eat 10. Did / buy

4. 1. were playing 2. were / going 3. Were / sleeping 4. Was / cooking 5. was cleaning 6. was / doing 7. was washing 8. were having 9. was barking 10. was watching

5. 1. arrived / was having 2. was / drank 3. missed / woke 4. came / were having 5. was cleaning / fell 6. were watching / went 7. were having / started 8. was preparing / was sleeping 9. was driving / had 10. were walking / attacked

6. 1. when 2. When 3. While 4. while 5. when 6. When 7. when 8. when 9. While 10. when


107

7. 1. The woman burnt the meal while she

was watching a film. 2. The students were fighting in the

class when the teacher came in. 3. Ali was watching a film while his brot-

her was reading a book. 4. While Tom was doing his homework

his friend visited him. 5. When it started to rain the children

were playing in the garden. 6. She had an accident while she was

walking on the road. 7. They were having breakfast when the

doorbell rang. 8. When I went out it was snowing. 9. When I saw him, he was sitting at a

cafe. 10. While we were sleeping, the bell

rang.

8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri eşleştiri-niz.

1. – i 2. – e 3. – d 4. – g 5. – b 6. – h 7. – c 8. – f 9. – j 10 – a

TEST 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B

108


UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI


1. Africa 2. is 3. gold 4. didn’t want 5. has

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevap-landırınız

1. Mr.Thomson went to Gambia last year.

2. He is an engineer. 3. Yes,they are. 4. He has been married since 2008. 5. She is a doctor. 6. She works in the Central Hospital. 7. No,he doesn’t. 8. Yes,he does. 9. Yes,he did. 10. He walked in the forest.

3. Boşluklara “since” ya da “for” getiri-niz.

1. since 2. for 3. since 4. since 5. for 6. since 7. since 8. since 9. for 10. since

11. since 12. for 13. for 14. for 15. since 16. for 17. since 18. since 19. for 20. for

4. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz. 1. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 5. since 6. for 7. since 8. since 9. since 10. since

5. Boşlukları “since” ya da “for” ile dol-durunuz.

1. since 2. for 3. since 4. since 5. since 6. since 7. for 8. since 9. for 10. since


109

11. for 12. since 13. for 14. since 15. since 16. since 17. since 18. since 19. for 20. for

6. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak cümleler kurunuz.

1. since/She/has/been/in/one o‘clock/the bathroom

She has been in the bathroom since one o’clock.

2. seen/I/haven’t/for/long/a/time/him I haven’t seen him for a long time. 3. haven’t/anything/eaten/I/morning/

since I haven’t eaten anything since morn-

ing . 4. She/been/ this/in/long/city/for/a/

has She has been in this city for a long

time. 5. received/a/letter/him/from/I/long/

for/a/ time/haven’t I haven’t received a letter from him for

a long time. 6. I/been/İzmir/to/since/2009/haven’t I haven’t been to İzmir since 2009. 7. haven’t/heard/I/him/from/for/a/

long/time. I haven’t heard from him for a long

time. 8. Sue/gone/holiday/for/two/hasn’t/

on/years Sue hasn’t gone on hoilday for two

years. 9. They/been/since/have/married/Oc-

tober. They have been married since Octo-

ber. 10. has/Azerbaijan/been/since/inde-

pendant 1991. Azerbaijan has been independent

since 1991.

7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to” ve fi-ilin uygun hâlini kullanarak doldu-runuz.

1. I used to watch cartoons when I was a child.

2. My brother used to be a tourist guide. 3. I used to wear short pants when I was

a child. 4. My father used to work in a big fac-

tory before he got retired. 5. When I was a baby, I used to cry a lot. 6. My mother didn’t use to eat meat. 7. Linda used to travel a lot in her last

job. 8. Did your father use to walk to work? 9. There used to be a big cinema in the

town. 10. Did you use to have a walkman when

you were young?

110


8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri “used to” yapısını kullanarak yeniden yazınız.

1. I used to go to bed early when I was a child.

2. Ali used to travel a lot. 3. Did you use to eat a lot of fruit when

you were a child? 4. Ali didn’t use to ride a bicycle. 5. My father used to be busy last year. 6. I used to spend my holiday in Ayvalık

when I was young. 7. My grandparents didn’t use to live in

a big city. 8. I didn’t use to listen to classical mu-

sic. 9. We didn’t use to have mobile phones

20 years ago. 10. Children used to eat healthy food.

TEST 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D


111

UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI


1. Technology has changed rapidly in the 20th century.

2. Hazerfan Ahmet Çelebi flew from

Galata Tower to Üsküdar

3. Michael Cooper invented the first mobile phone .

4. Now we can put mobile phones in our pocket.

5. Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew six ki-lometres.

2. Metni okuyunuz ve sorularcevap-landırınız.

1. Has technology changed rapidly in the 20th century?

Yes, it has. 2. Who made studies on birds in 10th

century? İsmail Cevheri made studies on birds

in 10th century. 3. How far could Hezerfanj Ahmet

Çelebi fly? He could fly six kilometres. 4. Who invented the first telephone? Graham Bell invented the first tele-

phone. 5. How many wheels had the first car? It had three wheels. 6. Who invented the first fuel engine

car? Benz Invented the first fuel engine car.

7. When did he invent it? He invented it in 1885. 8. Were remote controls popular in

1980’s? Yes, they were. 9. Was it unbelievable then? Yes, it was. 10. Is technology developing rapidly in

our century? Yes, it is.

3. Boşlukları “will V1”yapısı ile doldu-runuz.

1. I will eat at a Chinese restaurant. 2. They won’t go to the park. 3. The children are in their room. They

will play computer games. 4. What will you do with that rope? 5. I think my mother will buy a bicycle

at the beginnig of the summer holi-day.

6. I got bored. I will go out. 7. One day I will buy an expensive

sports car. 8. I wil check my e-mails in two minutes. 9. They will get marry in the future. 10. I will learn a foreign language.

4. Boşlukları “will not V1” yapısı ile doldurunuz.

1. The snow won’t stop in the after-noon.

2. I won’t swim in this pool.It is dirty. 3. The headmaster won’t visit the classes

next week.

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4. Alice won’t wear her new dressat the wedding.

5. My wife won’t prepare breakfast on Sunday morning.

6. Emin won’t be a teacher in the future. 7. He won’t paint her room. 8. My father won’t live in this city any-

more. 9. He won’t ride the horse.He thinks it is

dangerous. 10. Emre won’t keep the dog in the gar-

den.

5. Boşlukları verilen fiilleri kullanarak doldurunuz.do(2) –be(2) –buy –have –visit

–cook –go(2) 1. We will go to Antalya in the summer. 2. She will buy a new computer. 3. They will go out. 4. Will your mother cook you chicken

soup? 5. He will visit his relatives at the week-

end. 6. They will have a picnic soon. 7. He will be an engineer in the future. 8. What will you do at the weekend? 9. I think it will be cold this winter. 10. What will you do when you finish

school?

6. Verilen kelimeleri kullanarak cümle kurunuz.

1. It / snow / tomorrow / will / of Turkey the / in / east

It will snow in the east of Turkey to-morrow.

2. The / arrive / train / seven / at / o’clock. The train will arrive at seven o’clock . 3. Accidents / in/ will / road / happen /

icy / roads. Accidents will happen in icy roads. 4. I / think / get / I / job. / this / will I think I will get this job. 5. He / class / the / fail / will. He will fail the class. 6. Who / explain / situation? / will / the Who will explain the situation? 7. be / Ayşe / will / engineer / future. /

in / the Ayşe will be an engineer in the future. 8. We / fly / New York / to / summer. /

next We will fly to New York next summer. 9. The / increase / inflation / will / in a

few / years. The inflation will increase in a few

years. 10. won’t / I / to / again. / him / speak I won’t speak to him again.


1. You are Tom, aren’t you? 2. He workks at a factory, doesn’t he? 3. You are speaking English, aren’t you? 4. Let’s go somewhere to eat, shall we? 5. Lisa didn’t do her homework, did

she? 6. The film wasn’t good, was it? 7. The weather is beautiful today, isn’t

it? 8. She goes to school everyday, doesn’t

she?


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9. He didn’t do shopping, did he? 10. Turan can swim, can’t he?


1. Don’t make noise, will you? 2. Let’s go to the cinema, shall we? 3. He never plays computer games,

does he? 4. She never went abroad, did she? 5. Don’t speak loudly will you? 6. Tom has never seen a crocodile, has

he? 7. Let’s drink something hot, shall we? 8. They hardly ever got on the bus, did

they? 9. Do your homework, will you? 10. Let’s eat out, will you?

9. Aşağıdaki cümleleri eklenti soruları ile eşleştiriniz.

1. c Clean the board, will you? 2. e Let’s play a game shall we? 3. b Mr.Andrson has bought a new car

hasn’t he? 4. a He brushes his teeth everyday,

doesn’t he? 5. f He never drinks cold water, does

he? 6. d She is washing the dishes now,

isn’t she? 7. h She will help us, won’t she? 8. g Tom was here, wasn’t he? 9. j We must tell her the truth mustn’t

we? 10. i You can’t ride a horse can you?

TEST 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C

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UNIT FOR CEVAP ANAHTARI


1. San Fansisco is in the west of Eng-land/ U.S.A.

2. London has lots of skyscraper/ old buildings .

3. There are less/ more green areas in London.

4. Traffic is a big problem in London /San Fransisco.

5. The air in London is dirtier /cleaner than in San Fransisco.

2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevap-landırınız.

1. Is San Fransisco a modern city? Yes, San Fransisco is a modern city. 2. Which city has has got lots of sky-

scrapers? San Fransisco has got lots of skyscrap-

ers. 2. Is the architecture of London more

amazing than San Fransisco? Yes, it is./Yes,the architecture in Lon-

don is more amazing than San Fran-sisco.

4. Which city has got more green areas? London has got more green area. 5. Is fuel cheap in San Fransisco? Yes, it is./Yes fuel is cheap in San Fran-

sisco. 6. Which city has got trafic problem? London has got traffic problem. 7. Is the air polluted in San Fransisco? No, it isn’t./No, the air isn’t polluted in

San Fransisco.

8. Do English drivers drive more slow-ly?

Yes, they do./Yes,English drivers drive more slowly.

9. In which city is life easier? Life is easier in San Fransisco.10. Are there a lot of places to see in

London? Yes,there are./Yes,there are a lot of

places to see in London.

3. Aşağıdaki sıfatların “coparative” şeklini yazınız.

1. fast faster 2. heavy heavier 3. dangerous more dangerous 4. small smaller 5. large larger 6. far farher/further 7. good better 8. interesting more interesting 9. bad worse 10. easy easier

4. Aşağıdaki cümlelerdeki boşlukları “comparative-superlative adjecti-ve” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. My school is farther/further than your school.

2. Roses are more beautiful than tulips. 3. This film was the most intersting then

the other. 4. Non-smokers are healthier than

smokers. 5. Tigers are more dangerous than dogs.


115

6. I think a hiking holiday is better than a cruise holiday.

7. Milk is more natural than fruit juice. 8. Bill Gates is richer than Tarkan. 9. Springs are better than autumns. 10. Emre is taller than Ali.

5-Aşağıdaki zarfların “comparative” şekil-lerini yazınız.

1. fast faster 2. carefull more carrefully 3. hard harder 4. badly worse 5. clearly more clearly 6. little less 7. early earlier 8. much more 9. carelessly more carelessly 10. often more often

6. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative adverb” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. I speak Turkish more fluently than Carol.

2. Tom can run faster than than Tim. 3. You seem more happily than yester-

day. 4. Could you speak more clearly? 5. Our team played better than the oth-

er team. 6. He behaved more politely today. 7. We have to work harder than ever

before 8. I solved the problem more quickly

than you.

9. Ali climbed higher than anyone else.10. Our ship crossed the sea faster than

usual.

7. Aşağıdaki “comparative adjective” kelimelerin “comparative adverbs” şekillerini yazınız.

1. slower more slowly 2. beautiful more beautifully 3. good better 4. little less 5. fast faster 6. easy more easily 7. carefull more carefully 8. dangerous more dangerously 9. happy more happily10. far farther/further

8. Aşağıdaki cümleleri, okuyup yanla-rına “comparative adjective” ya da “comparative adverb” yazınız.

1. Plants grow faster than trees. com-parative adverb

2. Mount Ağrı is higher than Mounth Erciyes. comparative adjective

3. My father drives more dangerously than my mother. comparative adverb

4. I solved the problem more easily than my friend. comparative adverb

5. Our English teacher is older than our science teacher. comparative adjec-tive

6. Ayla is more beautiful than her sister. comparative adjective

7. Mr. Anderson speaks more slowly than the other teachers. comparative adverb

116


8. Some middle east countries are rich-er than Europen countries. compara-tive adverb

9. I speak English more fluently than my brother. comparative adverb

10. Kezban is shorter than her friend.comparative adjective

9. Aşağıdaki boşluları “comparative adjectives” ve “coparative adverbs” kullanarak doldurunuz.

1. Ali run longer than than me. 2. Flying is more dangerous than sail-

ing. 3. Our team played better than our op-

ponent. 4. Konya is larger than all the other cit-

ies in Turkey. 5. Ali threw the stone farher than me. 6. She solves the problem more care-

fully than you.. 7. Kürşat can run faster than Emre. 8. Most women drive more carefully

than men. 9. Turtles walk more slowly than cats.10. Iğdır is hotter than Kars.

TEST 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A

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Documents

İNGİLİZCE 5 - aok.meb.gov.traok.meb.gov.tr/pdf/ingilizce_5.pdf · t.c. mİllÎ eĞİtİm bakanliĞi aÇik ÖĞretİm okullari aÇik ÖĞretİm lİsesİ – meslekİ aÇik ÖĞretİm